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Liu QH, Tan Y, Cheng CF, Hu SM. Precision spectroscopy of molecular hydrogen. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:27914-27925. [PMID: 37843424 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03042c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Precision measurements on the hydrogen molecule are of fundamental importance in understanding molecular theory. Comparison of accurate experimental data and theoretical results are used to test the quantum electrodynamics theory and determine physical constants used in the calculation. We review recent advances and perspectives in the precision spectroscopy of molecular hydrogen, representing state-of-the-art molecular spectroscopy methods and cutting-edge high-precision calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Hao Liu
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Yan Tan
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Cun-Feng Cheng
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
| | - Shui-Ming Hu
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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2
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Kassi S, Lauzin C, Chaillot J, Campargue A. The (2-0) R(0) and R(1) transition frequencies of HD determined to a 10 -10 relative accuracy by Doppler spectroscopy at 80 K. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:23164-23172. [PMID: 36128879 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02151j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Doppler broadened R(0) and R(1) lines of the (2-0) vibrational band of HD have been measured at liquid nitrogen temperature and at pressures of 2 Pa, with a comb referenced continuous-wave cavity ring-down spectrometer set-up. Transition frequencies of 214905335185 kHz and 217105181898 kHz were derived from 33 and 83 recordings, with corresponding root mean squared deviation of 53 and 33 kHz for the R(0) and R(1) transition, respectively. This is the first sub-MHz frequency determination of the R(0) transition frequency and represents a three order of magnitude accuracy improvement compared to literature. The R(1) transition frequency is in very good agreement with previous determinations in saturation regime reported with similar accuracy. To achieve such accuracy, the transition frequency of the (101)-(000) 211-312 line of H216O interfering with the R(0) line had to be precisely determined and is reported with a standard error of 100 Hz at 214904329826.49(10) kHz (relative uncertainty of 5 × 10-13). These measurement sets provide stringent reference values for validating future advances in the theoretical description of the hydrogen (and water) molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Kassi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LIPhy, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Clément Lauzin
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Zúñiga J, Bastida A, Requena A, Cerezo J. Ab Initio Partition Functions and Thermodynamic Quantities for the Molecular Hydrogen Isotopologues. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:9226-9241. [PMID: 34613734 PMCID: PMC8543445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c06468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we calculate the partition functions and thermodynamic quantities of molecular hydrogen isotopologues using the rovibrational energy levels provided by the highly accurate ab initio adiabatic potential energy functions recently determined by Pachucki and Komasa (Pachucki, K.; Komasa, J. J. Chem. Phys. 2014, 141, 224103). The partition functions are calculated by including all bound energy levels of the isotopologues, up to their dissociation limits, plus the quasi-bound levels lying below the centrifugal potential barriers. For the homonuclear isotopologues, H2, D2, and T2, we also determine the partition functions and thermodynamic quantities of the normal mixtures using the statistical treatment recently proposed by Colonna et al. (Colonna, G.; D'Angola, A.; Capitelli, M. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2012, 37, 9656) based on the definition of the partition function of the mixture, which avoids inconsistencies in the values of the thermodynamic quantities depending directly on the internal partition function, in the high-temperature limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Zúñiga
- Departamento
de Química Física, Universidad
de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Adolfo Bastida
- Departamento
de Química Física, Universidad
de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Requena
- Departamento
de Química Física, Universidad
de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Javier Cerezo
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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4
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Ferenc D, Korobov VI, Mátyus E. Nonadiabatic, Relativistic, and Leading-Order QED Corrections for Rovibrational Intervals of ^{4}He_{2}^{+} (X ^{2}Σ_{u}^{+}). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:213001. [PMID: 33274993 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.213001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The rovibrational intervals of the ^{4}He_{2}^{+} molecular ion in its X ^{2}Σ_{u}^{+} ground electronic state are computed by including the nonadiabatic, relativistic, and leading-order quantum-electrodynamics corrections. Good agreement of theory and experiment is observed for the rotational excitation series of the vibrational ground state and the fundamental vibration. The lowest-energy rotational interval is computed to be 70.937 69(10) cm^{-1} in agreement with the most recently reported experimental value, 70.937 589(23)(60)_{sys} cm^{-1} [L. Semeria et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 213001 (2020)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.124.213001].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Ferenc
- Institute of Chemistry, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Vladimir I Korobov
- Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Russia
| | - Edit Mátyus
- Institute of Chemistry, ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
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5
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Liu
- Qingdao Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Lai KF, Hermann V, Trivikram TM, Diouf M, Schlösser M, Ubachs W, Salumbides EJ. Precision measurement of the fundamental vibrational frequencies of tritium-bearing hydrogen molecules: T 2, DT, HT. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:8973-8987. [PMID: 32292981 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00596g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High-resolution coherent Raman spectroscopic measurements of all three tritium-containing molecular hydrogen isotopologues T2, DT and HT were performed to determine the ground electronic state fundamental Q-branch (v = 0 → 1, ΔJ = 0) transition frequencies at accuracies of 0.0005 cm-1. An over hundred-fold improvement in accuracy over previous experiments allows the comparison with the latest ab initio calculations in the framework of non-adiabatic perturbation theory including nonrelativisitic, relativisitic and QED contributions. Excellent agreement is found between experiment and theory, thus providing a verification of the validity of the NAPT-framework for these tritiated species. While the transition frequencies were corrected for ac-Stark shifts, the contributions of non-resonant background as well as quantum interference effects between resonant features in the nonlinear spectroscopy were quantitatively investigated, also leading to corrections to the transition frequencies. Methods of saturated CARS with the observation of Lamb dips, as well as the use of continuous-wave radiation for the Stokes frequency were explored, that might pave the way for future higher-accuracy CARS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-F Lai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - V Hermann
- Tritium Laboratory Karlsruhe, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - T M Trivikram
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - M Diouf
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - M Schlösser
- Tritium Laboratory Karlsruhe, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - W Ubachs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - E J Salumbides
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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7
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Zaborowski M, Słowiński M, Stankiewicz K, Thibault F, Cygan A, Jóźwiak H, Kowzan G, Masłowski P, Nishiyama A, Stolarczyk N, Wójtewicz S, Ciuryło R, Lisak D, Wcisło P. Ultrahigh finesse cavity-enhanced spectroscopy for accurate tests of quantum electrodynamics for molecules. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:1603-1606. [PMID: 32235953 DOI: 10.1364/ol.389268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the most accurate, to the best of our knowledge, measurement of the position of the weak quadrupole S(2) 2-0 line in $ {{\rm D}_2} $D2. The spectra were collected with a frequency-stabilized cavity ringdown spectrometer (FS-CRDS) with an ultrahigh finesse optical cavity ($ {\cal F} = 637 000 $F=637000) and operating in the frequency-agile, rapid scanning spectroscopy (FARS) mode. Despite working in the Doppler-limited regime, we reached 40 kHz of statistical uncertainty and 161 kHz of absolute accuracy, achieving the highest accuracy for homonuclear isotopologues of molecular hydrogen. The accuracy of our measurement corresponds to the fifth significant digit of the leading term in quantum electrodynamics (QED) correction. We observe $ 2.3\sigma $2.3σ discrepancy with the recent theoretical value.
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8
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Popa ME, Paul D, Janssen C, Röckmann T. H 2 clumped isotope measurements at natural isotopic abundances. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33:239-251. [PMID: 30378194 PMCID: PMC6590658 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Molecular hydrogen (H2 ) is an important gas for atmospheric chemistry, and an indirect greenhouse gas due to its reaction with OH. The isotopic composition of H2 (δD) has been used to investigate its atmospheric budget; here we add a new observable, the clumped isotopic signature ΔDD, to the tools that can be used to study the global cycle of H2 . METHODS A method for determining ΔDD in H2 was developed using the high-resolution MAT 253-Ultra isotope ratio mass spectrometer (Thermo Fisher). The HH, HD and DD abundances are quantified at medium resolution (M/ΔM ≈ 6000), which is sufficient for HD+ and DD+ to be distinguished from H3 + and H2 D+ , respectively. The method involves sequential measurement of isotopologues, and DD is measured using an ion counter. For verification, catalytic ΔDD equilibration experiments were performed at temperatures of up to 850°C. RESULTS The typical precision obtained for ΔDD is 2-6‰, close to the theoretical counting statistics limit, and adequate for detecting the expected natural variations. Compatibility and medium-term reproducibility are consistent with the precision values. The method was validated using temperature equilibration experiments, which showed a dependence of ΔDD on temperature as expected form theoretical calculations. CONCLUSIONS We have established a method for determining ΔDD in H2 at natural isotopic abundances, with a precision that is adequate for observing the expected variations in atmospheric and other natural H2 . This method opens the road to new research on the natural H2 cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Popa
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht (IMAU)Utrecht UniversityPrincetonplein 5Utrecht3584CCThe Netherlands
| | - Dipayan Paul
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht (IMAU)Utrecht UniversityPrincetonplein 5Utrecht3584CCThe Netherlands
- Centre for Isotope Research (CIO)University of GroningenNijenborgh 6Groningen9747AGThe Netherlands
| | - Christof Janssen
- Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, LERMA‐IPSL, Laboratoire d'Etudes du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et AtmosphèresSorbonne Université77 Avenue Denfert‐RochereauParis75014France
| | - Thomas Röckmann
- Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht (IMAU)Utrecht UniversityPrincetonplein 5Utrecht3584CCThe Netherlands
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9
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Abstract
Nonadiabatic exponential functions are employed to solve the four-body Schrödinger equation. Nonrelativistic bound energy levels of the HD molecule are calculated to the relative accuracy of 10-12-10-13, which is the first step toward highly accurate prediction of dissociation and transition energies. Such energies, in connection with equally accurate experimental data, will enable refinement of the physical constant and aid the search for deviations caused by yet unknown interactions at the atomic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Pachucki
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jacek Komasa
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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10
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Jansen P, Semeria L, Merkt F. Fundamental vibration frequency and rotational structure of the first excited vibrational level of the molecular helium ion ( He 2 + ). J Chem Phys 2018; 149:154302. [PMID: 30342452 DOI: 10.1063/1.5051089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The term values of the rotational levels of the first excited vibrational state of the electronic ground state of He 2 + with a rotational quantum number N + ≤ 13 have been determined with an accuracy of 1.2 × 10-3 cm-1 (∼35 MHz) by multichannel-quantum-defect-theory-assisted Rydberg spectroscopy of metastable He2. Comparison of the experimental term values with the most accurate ab initio results for He 2 + available in the literature [W.-C. Tung, M. Pavanello, and L. Adamowicz, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 104309 (2012)] reveals inconsistencies between the theoretical and experimental results that increase with increasing rotational quantum numbers. The fundamental vibrational wavenumber of He 2 + was determined to be 1628.3832(12) cm-1 by fitting effective molecular constants to the obtained term values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Jansen
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Semeria
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Merkt
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Wang L, Yan ZC. Relativistic corrections to the ground states of HD and D 2 calculated without using the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:23948-23953. [PMID: 30209496 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04586k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Schrödinger equation for the ground states of the hydrogen molecules HD and D2 is solved variationally by treating the constituent particles of HD or D2 on the same footing without assuming the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The variational basis sets are constructed using Hylleraas coordinates that are traditionally adopted for few-electron atomic systems. The nonrelativistic energy eigenvalues are converged to the level of 10-6 cm-1. The leading-order relativistic corrections, including relativistic recoil terms, are calculated rigorously. Together with the higher-order relativistic and quantum electrodynamic corrections obtained by the Pachucki's group [Phys. Rev. A., 2017, 95, 052506; Phys. Rev. Lett., 2018, 120, 153001], we determine the dissociation energy of D2 to be 36748.36240(28) cm-1, which agrees with the recent experimental result of Liu et al. [J. Chem. Phys., 2010, 132, 154301] 36748.36286(68) cm-1. For HD, the dissociation energy determined by us is 36405.78252(27) cm-1, which deviates from the most accurate experimental result of Sprecher et al. [J. Chem. Phys., 2010, 133, 111102] 36405.78366(36) cm-1 by about 2σ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wang
- Department of Physics, Henan Normal University, 453007, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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12
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Puchalski M, Spyszkiewicz A, Komasa J, Pachucki K. Nonadiabatic Relativistic Correction to the Dissociation Energy of H_{2}, D_{2}, and HD. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:073001. [PMID: 30169069 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.073001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The relativistic correction to the dissociation energy of H_{2}, D_{2}, and HD molecules has been accurately calculated without expansion in the small electron-nucleus mass ratio. The obtained results indicate the significance of nonadiabatic effects and resolve the discrepancy of theoretical predictions with recent experimental values for H_{2} and D_{2}. While the theoretical accuracy is now significantly improved and is higher than the experimental one, we observe about 3σ discrepancy for the dissociation energy of HD, which requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Puchalski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Spyszkiewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Jacek Komasa
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pachucki
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Trivikram TM, Schlösser M, Ubachs W, Salumbides EJ. Relativistic and QED Effects in the Fundamental Vibration of T_{2}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:163002. [PMID: 29756935 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.163002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The hydrogen molecule has become a test ground for quantum electrodynamical calculations in molecules. Expanding beyond studies on stable hydrogenic species to the heavier radioactive tritium-bearing molecules, we report on a measurement of the fundamental T_{2} vibrational splitting (v=0→1) for J=0-5 rotational levels. Precision frequency metrology is performed with high-resolution coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy at an experimental uncertainty of 10-12 MHz, where sub-Doppler saturation features are exploited for the strongest transition. The achieved accuracy corresponds to a 50-fold improvement over a previous measurement, and it allows for the extraction of relativistic and QED contributions to T_{2} transition energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Madhu Trivikram
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Schlösser
- Tritium Laboratory Karlsruhe, Institute of Technical Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - W Ubachs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E J Salumbides
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Tao LG, Liu AW, Pachucki K, Komasa J, Sun YR, Wang J, Hu SM. Toward a Determination of the Proton-Electron Mass Ratio from the Lamb-Dip Measurement of HD. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:153001. [PMID: 29756862 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.153001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Precision spectroscopy of the hydrogen molecule is a test ground of quantum electrodynamics (QED), and it may serve for the determination of fundamental constants. Using a comb-locked cavity ring-down spectrometer, for the first time, we observed the Lamb-dip spectrum of the R(1) line in the overtone of hydrogen deuteride (HD). The line position was determined to be 217 105 182.79±0.03_{stat}±0.08_{syst} MHz (δν/ν=4×10^{-10}), which is the most accurate rovibrational transition ever measured in the ground electronic state of molecular hydrogen. Moreover, from calculations including QED effects up to the order m_{e}α^{6}, we obtained predictions for this R(1) line as well as for the HD dissociation energy, which are less accurate but signaling the importance of the complete treatment of nonadiabatic effects. Provided that the theoretical calculation reaches the same accuracy, the present measurement will lead to a determination of the proton-to-electron mass ratio with a precision of 1.3 parts per billion.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-G Tao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
| | - A-W Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
| | - K Pachucki
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Komasa
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Y R Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
| | - J Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
| | - S-M Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
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15
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Cozijn FMJ, Dupré P, Salumbides EJ, Eikema KSE, Ubachs W. Sub-Doppler Frequency Metrology in HD for Tests of Fundamental Physics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:153002. [PMID: 29756874 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.153002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Weak transitions in the (2,0) overtone band of the hydrogen deuteride molecule at λ=1.38 μm were measured in saturated absorption using the technique of noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy. Narrow Doppler-free lines were interrogated with a spectroscopy laser locked to a frequency comb laser referenced to an atomic clock to yield transition frequencies [R(1)=217105181895(20) kHz; R(2)=219042856621(28) kHz; R(3)=220704304951(28) kHz] at three orders of magnitude improved accuracy. These benchmark values provide a test of QED in the smallest neutral molecule, and they open up an avenue to resolve the proton radius puzzle, as well as constrain putative fifth forces and extra dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M J Cozijn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Dupré
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Atmosphère, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 189A Avenue Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France
| | - E J Salumbides
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K S E Eikema
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W Ubachs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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16
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Raj A, Hamaguchi HO, Witek HA. Polarizability tensor invariants of H 2, HD, and D 2. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:104308. [PMID: 29544338 DOI: 10.1063/1.5011433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an exhaustive compilation of wavelength-dependent matrix elements over the mean polarizability (α¯) and polarizability anisotropy (γ) operators for the rovibrational states of the H2, HD, and D2 molecules together with an accompanying computer program for their evaluation. The matrix elements can be readily evaluated using the provided codes for rovibrational states with J = 0-15 and v = 0-4 and for any laser wavelengths in the interval 182.25-1320.6 nm corresponding to popular, commercially available lasers. The presented results substantially extend the scope of the data available in the literature, both in respect of the rovibrational transitions analyzed and the range of covered laser frequencies. The presented detailed tabulation of accurate polarizability tensor invariants is essential for successful realization of our main long-term goal: developing a universal standard for determining absolute Raman cross sections and absolute Raman intensities in experimental Rayleigh and Raman scattering studies of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Raj
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Hiro-O Hamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Henryk A Witek
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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17
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Przybytek M, Cencek W, Jeziorski B, Szalewicz K. Pair Potential with Submillikelvin Uncertainties and Nonadiabatic Treatment of the Halo State of the Helium Dimer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:123401. [PMID: 29341636 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.123401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The pair potential for helium is computed with accuracy improved by an order of magnitude relative to the best previous determination. For the well region, its uncertainties are now below 1 millikelvin. The main improvement is due to the use of explicitly correlated wave functions at the nonrelativistic Born-Oppenheimer (BO) level of theory. The diagonal BO and the relativistic corrections are obtained from large full configuration interaction calculations. Nonadiabatic perturbation theory is used to predict the properties of the halo state of the helium dimer. Its binding energy and the average value of the interatomic distance are found to be 138.9(5) neV and 47.13(8) Å. The binding energy agrees with its first experimental determination of 151.9(13.3) neV [Zeller et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 113, 14651 (2016)PNASA60027-842410.1073/pnas.1610688113].
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Przybytek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Cencek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Bogumił Jeziorski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Szalewicz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
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Mustroph H. Potential-Energy Surfaces, the Born-Oppenheimer Approximations, and the Franck-Condon Principle: Back to the Roots. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:2616-29. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heinz Mustroph
- FEW Chemicals GmbH; Technikumstraße 1 06756 Bitterfeld-Wolfen Germany
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19
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Jones K, Formanek M, Mazumder R, Kirnosov N, Adamowicz L. Nuclear–nuclear correlation function from non-Born–Oppenheimer calculations of diatomic rovibrational states with total angular momentum equal to two (N = 2). Charge asymmetry in HD. Mol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2016.1142621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Jones
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Martin Formanek
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Rahik Mazumder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Nikita Kirnosov
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ludwik Adamowicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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20
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Jansen P, Semeria L, Hofer LE, Scheidegger S, Agner JA, Schmutz H, Merkt F. Precision Spectroscopy in Cold Molecules: The Lowest Rotational Interval of He_{2}^{+} and Metastable He_{2}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:133202. [PMID: 26451553 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.133202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Multistage Zeeman deceleration was used to generate a slow, dense beam of translationally cold He_{2} molecules in the metastable a ^{3}Σ_{u}^{+} state. Precision measurements of the Rydberg spectrum of these molecules at high values of the principal quantum number n have been carried out. The spin-rotational state selectivity of the Zeeman-deceleration process was exploited to reduce the spectral congestion, minimize residual Doppler shifts, resolve the Rydberg series around n=200 and assign their fine structure. The ionization energy of metastable He_{2} and the lowest rotational interval of the X^{+} ^{2}Σ_{u}^{+} (ν^{+}=0) ground state of ^{4}He_{2}^{+} have been determined with unprecedented precision and accuracy by Rydberg-series extrapolation. Comparison with ab initio predictions of the rotational energy level structure of ^{4}He_{2}^{+} [W.-C. Tung, M. Pavanello, and L. Adamowicz, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 104309 (2012)] enabled us to quantify the magnitude of relativistic and quantum-electrodynamics contributions to the fundamental rotational interval of He_{2}^{+}.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Jansen
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Semeria
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Simon Scheidegger
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Josef A Agner
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hansjürg Schmutz
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Merkt
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Pachucki K, Komasa J. Leading order nonadiabatic corrections to rovibrational levels of H2, D2, and T2. J Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4927079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Pachucki
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Komasa
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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22
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Walton JR, Rivera-Rivera LA, Lucchese RR, Bevan JW. Canonical Potentials and Spectra within the Born–Oppenheimer Approximation. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:6753-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b04008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay R. Walton
- Department of Mathematics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3368, United States
| | - Luis A. Rivera-Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Robert R. Lucchese
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - John W. Bevan
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
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23
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Mátyus E, Szidarovszky T, Császár AG. Modelling non-adiabatic effects in H₃⁺: solution of the rovibrational Schrödinger equation with motion-dependent masses and mass surfaces. J Chem Phys 2015; 141:154111. [PMID: 25338885 DOI: 10.1063/1.4897566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introducing different rotational and vibrational masses in the nuclear-motion Hamiltonian is a simple phenomenological way to model rovibrational non-adiabaticity. It is shown on the example of the molecular ion H3(+), for which a global adiabatic potential energy surface accurate to better than 0.1 cm(-1) exists [M. Pavanello, L. Adamowicz, A. Alijah, N. F. Zobov, I. I. Mizus, O. L. Polyansky, J. Tennyson, T. Szidarovszky, A. G. Császár, M. Berg et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 023002 (2012)], that the motion-dependent mass concept yields much more accurate rovibrational energy levels but, unusually, the results are dependent upon the choice of the embedding of the molecule-fixed frame. Correct degeneracies and an improved agreement with experimental data are obtained if an Eckart embedding corresponding to a reference structure of D(3h) point-group symmetry is employed. The vibrational mass of the proton in H3(+) is optimized by minimizing the root-mean-square (rms) deviation between the computed and recent high-accuracy experimental transitions. The best vibrational mass obtained is larger than the nuclear mass of the proton by approximately one third of an electron mass, m(opt,p)((v))=m(nuc,p)+0.31224m(e). This optimized vibrational mass, along with a nuclear rotational mass, reduces the rms deviation of the experimental and computed rovibrational transitions by an order of magnitude. Finally, it is shown that an extension of the algorithm allowing the use of motion-dependent masses can deal with coordinate-dependent mass surfaces in the rovibrational Hamiltonian, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edit Mátyus
- Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Tamás Szidarovszky
- MTA-ELTE Research Group on Complex Chemical Systems, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila G Császár
- Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Budapest 112, Hungary and MTA-ELTE Research Group on Complex Chemical Systems, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
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24
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Sprecher D, Merkt F. Observation of g/u-symmetry mixing in the high-n Rydberg states of HD. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:124313. [PMID: 24697447 DOI: 10.1063/1.4868024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure and dynamics of high-n Rydberg states belonging to series converging to the (v(+) = 0, N(+) = 0-2) levels of the X(+) (2)Σ(g)(+)electronic ground state of HD(+) were studied by high-resolution spectroscopy from the GK (1)Σ(g)(+) (v = 1, N = 1) state under field-free conditions. Three effects of g/u-symmetry breaking were detected: (i) Single-photon transitions from the GK (v = 1, N = 1) state of gerade symmetry to the 30d21 and 31g22 Rydberg states of gerade symmetry were observed after careful compensation of the stray electric fields. (ii) The singlet 61p12 Rydberg state of ungerade symmetry was found to autoionize to the N(+) = 0, ℓ = 2 ionization continuum of gerade symmetry with a lifetime of 77(10) ns. (iii) Shifts of up to 20 MHz induced by g/u-symmetry mixing were measured for members of the np11 Rydberg series which lie close to nd21 Rydberg states. These observations were analyzed in the framework of multichannel quantum-defect theory. From the observed level shifts, the off-diagonal eigenquantum-defect element μ(pd) of singlet-π symmetry was determined to be 0.0023(3) and the corresponding autoionization dynamics could be characterized. The ionization energy of the GK (v = 1, N = 1) state of HD was determined to be 12 710.544 23(10) cm(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sprecher
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH-Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Merkt
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH-Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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25
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Sprecher D, Jungen C, Merkt F. Determination of the binding energies of the np Rydberg states of H2, HD, and D2 from high-resolution spectroscopic data by multichannel quantum-defect theory. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:104303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4866809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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26
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Kirnosov N, Sharkey K, Adamowicz L. Charge asymmetry in the rovibrationally excited HD molecule. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:104115. [PMID: 24628160 DOI: 10.1063/1.4867912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The recently developed method for performing all-particle non-Born-Oppenheimer variational calculations on diatomic molecular systems excited to the first excited rotational state and simultaneously vibrationally excited is employed to study the charge asymmetry and the level lifetimes of the HD molecule. The method uses all-particle explicitly correlated Gaussian functions. The nonlinear parameters of the Gaussians are optimized with the aid of the analytical energy gradient determined with respect to these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Kirnosov
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Keeper Sharkey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Ludwik Adamowicz
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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27
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Stanke M, Adamowicz L. Molecular Relativistic Corrections Determined in the Framework Where the Born–Oppenheimer Approximation is Not Assumed. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:10129-37. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4020492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stanke
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, ul. Grudzia̧dzka
5, Toruń, PL 87-100, Poland
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28
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Sprecher D, Beyer M, Merkt F. Precision measurement of the ionisation energy of the 3dσ GK state of H2. Mol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.788743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Sprecher
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. Beyer
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich , Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F. Merkt
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich , Zurich, Switzerland
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29
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Polyansky OL, Ovsyannikov RI, Kyuberis AA, Lodi L, Tennyson J, Zobov NF. Calculation of Rotation–Vibration Energy Levels of the Water Molecule with Near-Experimental Accuracy Based on an ab Initio Potential Energy Surface. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:9633-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jp312343z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg L. Polyansky
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E
6BT, United Kingdom
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Science, Ulyanov Street 46, Nizhny
Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Roman I. Ovsyannikov
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Science, Ulyanov Street 46, Nizhny
Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Aleksandra A. Kyuberis
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Science, Ulyanov Street 46, Nizhny
Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | - Lorenzo Lodi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E
6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Tennyson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E
6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolai F. Zobov
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Science, Ulyanov Street 46, Nizhny
Novgorod 603950, Russia
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30
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Diniz LG, Alijah A, Mohallem JR. Core-mass nonadiabatic corrections to molecules: H2, H2+, and isotopologues. J Chem Phys 2013; 137:164316. [PMID: 23126719 DOI: 10.1063/1.4762442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
For high-precision calculations of rovibrational states of light molecules, it is essential to include non-adiabatic corrections. In the absence of crossings of potential energy surfaces, they can be incorporated in a single surface picture through coordinate-dependent vibrational and rotational reduced masses. We present a compact method for their evaluation and relate in particular the vibrational mass to a well defined nuclear core mass derived from a Mulliken analysis of the electronic density. For the rotational mass we propose a simple, but very effective parametrization. The use of these masses in the nuclear Schrödinger equation yields numerical data for the corrections of a much higher quality than can be obtained with optimized constant masses, typically better than 0.1 cm(-1). We demonstrate the method for H(2), H(2)(+), and singly deuterated isotopologues. Isotopic asymmetry does not present any particular difficulty. Generalization to polyatomic molecules is straightforward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo G Diniz
- Laboratório de Átomos e Moléculas Especiais, Departamento de Física, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, P. O. Box 702, 30123-970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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31
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Stanke M, Adamowicz L, Kedziera D. Selection of a Gaussian basis set for calculating the Bethe logarithm for the ground state of the hydrogen atom. Mol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2012.762464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stanke
- a Department of Physics , Nicholas Copernicus University , Toruń , Poland
| | - Ludwik Adamowicz
- b Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Arizona , Tucson , USA
| | - Dariusz Kedziera
- c Department of Chemistry , Nicholas Copernicus University , Toruń , Poland
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33
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Bubin S, Pavanello M, Tung WC, Sharkey KL, Adamowicz L. Born–Oppenheimer and Non-Born–Oppenheimer, Atomic and Molecular Calculations with Explicitly Correlated Gaussians. Chem Rev 2012; 113:36-79. [DOI: 10.1021/cr200419d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergiy Bubin
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235,
United States
| | - Michele Pavanello
- Department
of Chemistry, Rutgers University Newark, Newark, New Jersey 07102,
United States
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34
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Kassi S, Campargue A, Pachucki K, Komasa J. The absorption spectrum of D2: Ultrasensitive cavity ring down spectroscopy of the (2–0) band near 1.7 μm and accurate ab initio line list up to 24 000 cm−1. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:184309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4707708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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35
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Barna D, Nagy B, Csontos J, Császár AG, Tasi G. Benchmarking Experimental and Computational Thermochemical Data: A Case Study of the Butane Conformers. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:479-86. [PMID: 26596598 DOI: 10.1021/ct2007956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Due to its crucial importance, numerous studies have been conducted to determine the enthalpy difference between the conformers of butane. However, it is shown here that the most reliable experimental values are biased due to the statistical model utilized during the evaluation of the raw experimental data. In this study, using the appropriate statistical model, both the experimental expectation values and the associated uncertainties are revised. For the 133-196 and 223-297 K temperature ranges, 668 ± 20 and 653 ± 125 cal mol(-1), respectively, are recommended as reference values. Furthermore, to show that present-day quantum chemistry is a favorable alternative to experimental techniques in the determination of enthalpy differences of conformers, a focal-point analysis, based on coupled-cluster electronic structure computations, has been performed that included contributions of up to perturbative quadruple excitations as well as small correction terms beyond the Born-Oppenheimer and nonrelativistic approximations. For the 133-196 and 223-297 K temperature ranges, in exceptional agreement with the corresponding revised experimental data, our computations yielded 668 ± 3 and 650 ± 6 cal mol(-1), respectively. The most reliable enthalpy difference values for 0 and 298.15 K are also provided by the computational approach, 680.9 ± 2.5 and 647.4 ± 7.0 cal mol(-1), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Barna
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged , Rerrich B. tér 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Balázs Nagy
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged , Rerrich B. tér 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - József Csontos
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila G Császár
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy, Loránd Eötvös University , P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Gyula Tasi
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged , Rerrich B. tér 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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36
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Pavanello M, Adamowicz L, Alijah A, Zobov NF, Mizus II, Polyansky OL, Tennyson J, Szidarovszky T, Császár AG, Berg M, Petrignani A, Wolf A. Precision measurements and computations of transition energies in rotationally cold triatomic hydrogen ions up to the midvisible spectral range. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:023002. [PMID: 22324677 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.023002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
First-principles computations and experimental measurements of transition energies are carried out for vibrational overtone lines of the triatomic hydrogen ion H(3)(+) corresponding to floppy vibrations high above the barrier to linearity. Action spectroscopy is improved to detect extremely weak visible-light spectral lines on cold trapped H(3)(+) ions. A highly accurate potential surface is obtained from variational calculations using explicitly correlated Gaussian wave function expansions. After nonadiabatic corrections, the floppy H(3)(+) vibrational spectrum is reproduced at the 0.1 cm(-1) level up to 16600 cm(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Pavanello
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA.
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37
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38
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Komasa J, Piszczatowski K, Łach G, Przybytek M, Jeziorski B, Pachucki K. Quantum Electrodynamics Effects in Rovibrational Spectra of Molecular Hydrogen. J Chem Theory Comput 2011; 7:3105-15. [DOI: 10.1021/ct200438t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Komasa
- Faculty of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Łach
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Przybytek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bogumił Jeziorski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pachucki
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Hoża 69, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland
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39
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Salumbides EJ, Dickenson GD, Ivanov TI, Ubachs W. QED effects in molecules: test on rotational quantum states of H2. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:043005. [PMID: 21867001 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.043005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Quantum electrodynamic effects have been systematically tested in the progression of rotational quantum states in the X 1Σ(g)(+), v=0 vibronic ground state of molecular hydrogen. High-precision Doppler-free spectroscopy of the EF 1Σ(g)(+)-X 1Σ(g)(+) (0,0) band was performed with 0.005 cm(-1) accuracy on rotationally hot H2 (with rotational quantum states J up to 16). QED and relativistic contributions to rotational level energies as high as 0.13 cm(-1) are extracted, and are in perfect agreement with recent calculations of QED and high-order relativistic effects for the H2 ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Salumbides
- Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics Amsterdam, VU University, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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40
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Affiliation(s)
- Pekka Pyykkö
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, POB 55 (A. I. Virtasen aukio 1), 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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41
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Holka F, Szalay PG, Fremont J, Rey M, Peterson KA, Tyuterev VG. Accurate ab initio determination of the adiabatic potential energy function and the Born–Oppenheimer breakdown corrections for the electronic ground state of LiH isotopologues. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:094306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3555758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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42
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Sprecher D, Jungen C, Ubachs W, Merkt F. Towards measuring the ionisation and dissociation energies of molecular hydrogen with sub-MHz accuracy. Faraday Discuss 2011; 150:51-70; discussion 113-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c0fd00035c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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43
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Sprecher D, Liu J, Jungen C, Ubachs W, Merkt F. Communication: The ionization and dissociation energies of HD. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:111102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3483462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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