1
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Zhang X, Bai Y, Liu S, Yang J, Hu N. Electrokinetic Nanorod Translocation through a Dual-Nanopipette. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:24050-24059. [PMID: 38854563 PMCID: PMC11154894 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Glass nanopipettes, as important sensing tools, have attracted great interest due to their wide range of applications in detecting single molecules, nanoparticles, and cells. In this study, we investigated the translocation behavior of nanorod particles through dual-nanopipettes using a transient continuum-based model based on an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian approach. Our findings indicate that the translocation of nanorods is slowed down in the dual-nanopipette system, especially in the dual-nanopipette system with a nanobridge. These results are in qualitative agreement with previous experimental findings reported in the literature. Additionally, the translocation of nanorods is influenced by factors such as bulk concentration, initial location of the nanorod, and surface charge of the nanopipette. Notably, when the surface charge density of the nanopipette is relatively high and the initial location of the nanorod is in the reservoir, the nanorod can hardly enter the nanopipette, resulting in a relatively low translocation efficiency. However, the translocation efficiency can be improved by initially positioning the nanorod in one of the barrels. The resulting dual-blockade current signal can be used to correlate the characteristics of the nanorod.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhang
- School
of Smart Health, Chongqing College of Electronic
Engineering, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yaqi Bai
- Key
Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education
and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shiping Liu
- School
of Safety Engineering, Chongqing University
of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education
and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Ning Hu
- Key
Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education
and Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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2
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Meyer N, Torrent J, Balme S. Characterizing Prion-Like Protein Aggregation: Emerging Nanopore-Based Approaches. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400058. [PMID: 38644684 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Prion-like protein aggregation is characteristic of numerous neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. This process involves the formation of aggregates ranging from small and potentially neurotoxic oligomers to highly structured self-propagating amyloid fibrils. Various approaches are used to study protein aggregation, but they do not always provide continuous information on the polymorphic, transient, and heterogeneous species formed. This review provides an updated state-of-the-art approach to the detection and characterization of a wide range of protein aggregates using nanopore technology. For each type of nanopore, biological, solid-state polymer, and nanopipette, discuss the main achievements for the detection of protein aggregates as well as the significant contributions to the understanding of protein aggregation and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Meyer
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR5635 University of Montpellier ENCSM CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, Cedex 5, Montpellier, 34095, France
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, 34095, France
| | - Joan Torrent
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, 34095, France
| | - Sébastien Balme
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR5635 University of Montpellier ENCSM CNRS, Place Eugène Bataillon, Cedex 5, Montpellier, 34095, France
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3
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Paul A, Aluru NR. Nanoscale electrohydrodynamic ion transport: Influences of channel geometry and polarization-induced surface charges. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:025105. [PMID: 38491612 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.025105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Electrohydrodynamic ion transport has been studied in nanotubes, nanoslits, and nanopores to mimic the advanced functionalities of biological ion channels. However, probing how the intricate interplay between the electrical and mechanical interactions affects ion conduction in asymmetric nanoconduits presents further obstacles. Here, ion transport across a conical nanopore embedded in a polarizable membrane under an electric field and pressure is analyzed by numerically solving a continuum model based on the Poisson, Nernst-Planck, and Navier-Stokes equations. We report an anomalous ionic current depletion, of up to 75%, and an unexpected rise in current rectification when pressure is exerted along the external electric field. Membrane polarization is revealed as the prerequisite to obtain this previously undetected electrohydrodynamic coupling. The electric field induces large surface charges at the pore tip due to its conical shape, creating nonuniform electrical double layers (EDL) with a massive accumulation of electrolyte ions near the orifice. Once applied, the pressure distorts the quasiequilibrium distribution of the EDL ions to influence the nanopore conductivity. Our fundamental approach to inspect the effect of pressure on the channel EDL (and thus ionic conductance) in contrast to its effect on the current arising from the hydrodynamic streaming of ions further explains the pressure-sensitive ion transport in different nanochannels and physical regimes manifested in past experiments, including the hitherto inexplicit mechanism behind the mechanically activated ion transport in carbon nanotubes. This enhances our broad understanding of nanoscale electrohydrodynamic ion transport, yielding a platform to build nanofluidic devices and ionic circuits with more robust and tunable responses to electrical and mechanical stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghyadeep Paul
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - N R Aluru
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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4
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Abdollahi A, Shokouhmand H. Electrokinetic separation of cfDNA in insulator-based dielectrophoresis systems: a linear model of cfDNA and investigation of effective parameters. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:355101. [PMID: 35381587 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac6476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a comprehensive numerical simulation was done to investigate the electrokinetic translocation of cfDNA molecule as well as the possibility of its detection and separation in insulator based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) systems. Modeling was done for the first time by solving the Poisson equation for the electrical potential, Naiver-Stokes (NS) equation for the fluid flow and energy equation for the heat transfer in the system and considering a coarse-grained bead-spring model to describe the conformational and geometrical changes of cfDNA molecule. The effect of the geometrical parameters of the system, the initial orientation of the molecule, electrical conductivity of the solution and zeta potential of the wall was investigated on the translocation and the minimum voltage required for cfDNA trapping. When the ratio of the inlet height to the constriction zone height is large enough, cfDNA molecules cannot pass through the nanopore and trap in the constriction zone. Also, it was found that the electrical conductivity of the solution is a limiting parameter to directly isolate cfDNA from pure plasma without dilution due to significant increase in the temperature of the system. Our results demonstrate the enormous potential of iDEP systems for rapid detection of cfDNA from diluted plasma under special electrical potential and geometrical parameters of the iDEP systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azita Abdollahi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, PO Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Shokouhmand
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, PO Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Liu C, Liu H, Ma P, Liu Y, Cai R, Yin R, Zhang B, Wei S, Miao H, Cao L. The Optimization of the Transition Zone of the Planar Heterogeneous Interface for High-Performance Seawater Desalination. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:3561. [PMID: 35629589 PMCID: PMC9143191 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Reverse osmosis has become the most prevalent approach to seawater desalination. It is still limited by the permeability-selectivity trade-off of the membranes and the energy consumption in the operation process. Recently, an efficient ionic sieving with high performance was realized by utilizing the bi-unipolar transport behaviour and strong ion depletion of heterogeneous structures in 2D materials. A perfect salt rejection rate of 97.0% and a near-maximum water flux of 1529 L m-2 h-1 bar-1 were obtained. However, the energy consumption of the heterogeneous desalination setup is a very important factor, and it remains largely unexplored. Here, the geometric-dimension-dependent ion transport in planar heterogeneous structures is reported. The two competitive ion migration behaviours during the desalination process, ion-depletion-dominated and electric-field-dominated ion transport, are identified for the first time. More importantly, these two ion-transport behaviours can be regulated. The excellent performance of combined high rejection rate, high water flux and low energy consumption can be obtained under the synergy of voltage, pressure and geometric dimension. With the appropriate optimization, the energy consumption can be reduced by 2 orders of magnitude, which is 50% of the industrial energy consumption. These findings provide beneficial insight for the application and optimized design of low-energy-consumption and portable water desalination devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Pengfei Ma
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Ruochong Cai
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Ran Yin
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Biao Zhang
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Shiqi Wei
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Huifang Miao
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Nuclear Energy Engineering Technology Research Center, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Liuxuan Cao
- College of Energy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; (C.L.); (H.L.); (P.M.); (Y.L.); (R.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.); (S.W.)
- Fujian Provincial Nuclear Energy Engineering Technology Research Center, Xiamen 361005, China
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6
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Ying C, Houghtaling J, Mayer M. Effects of off-axis translocation through nanopores on the determination of shape and volume estimates for individual particles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:275501. [PMID: 35320779 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac6087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Resistive pulses generated by nanoparticles that translocate through a nanopore contain multi-parametric information about the physical properties of those particles. For example, non-spherical particles sample several different orientations during translocation, producing fluctuations in blockade current that relate to their shape. Due to the heterogenous distribution of electric field from the center to the wall of a nanopore while a particle travels through the pore, its radial position influences the blockade current, thereby affecting the quantification of parameters related to the particle's characteristics. Here, we investigate the influence of these off-axis effects on parameters estimated by performing finite element simulations of dielectric particles transiting a cylindrical nanopore. We varied the size, ellipsoidal shape, and radial position of individual particles, as well as the size of the nanopore. As expected, nanoparticles translocating near the nanopore wall produce increase current blockades, resulting in overestimates of particle volume. We demonstrated that off-axis effects also influence estimates of shape determined from resistive pulse analyses, sometimes producing a multiple-fold deviation in ellipsoidal length-to-diameter ratio between estimates and reference values. By using a nanopore with the minimum possible diameter that still allows the particle to rotate while translocating, off-axis effects on the determination of both volume and shape can be minimized. In addition, tethering the nanoparticles to a fluid coating on the nanopore wall makes it possible to determine an accurate particle shape with an overestimated volume. This work provides a framework to select optimal ratios of nanopore to nanoparticle size for experiments targeting free translocations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuifeng Ying
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Advanced Optics and Photonics Laboratory, Department of Engineering, School of Science &Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jared Houghtaling
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Michael Mayer
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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7
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Identification of plasmon-driven nanoparticle-coalescence-dominated growth of gold nanoplates through nanopore sensing. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1402. [PMID: 35301326 PMCID: PMC8931024 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The fascinating phenomenon that plasmon excitation can convert isotropic silver nanospheres to anisotropic nanoprisms has already been developed into a general synthetic technique since the discovery in 2001. However, the mechanism governing the morphology conversion is described with different reaction processes. So far, the mechanism based on redox reactions dominated anisotropic growth by plasmon-produced hot carriers is widely accepted and developed. Here, we successfully achieved plasmon-driven high yield conversion of gold nanospheres into nanoplates with iodine as the inducer. To investigate the mechanism, nanopore sensing technology is established to statistically study the intermediate species at the single-nanoparticle level. Surprisingly, the morphology conversion is proved as a hot hole-controlled coalescence-dominated growth process. This work conclusively elucidates that a controllable plasmon-driven nanoparticle-coalescence mechanism could enable the production of well-defined anisotropic metal nanostructures and suggests that the nanopore sensing could be of general use for studying the growth process of nanomaterials.
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8
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Chen X, Zhao X, Ma R, Hu Y, Cui C, Mi Z, Dou R, Pan D, Shan X, Wang L, Fan C, Lu X. Ionic Current Fluctuation and Orientation of Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructures in a Solid-State Nanopore. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107237. [PMID: 35092143 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the dynamic behavior of a nanostructure translocating through a nanopore is important for various applications. In this paper, the characteristics in ion current traces of tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDN) translocating through a solid-state nanopore are examined, by combined experimental and theoretical simulations. The results of finite element analysis reveal the correlation between orientation of TDN and the conductance blockade. The experimentally measured fluctuations in the conductance blockade, expressed as voltage-dependent histogram profiles, are consistent with the simulation, revealing the nature of a random distribution in orientation and weak influence of electrostatic and viscous torques. The step changes in orientation of a TDN during translocation are further explained by the collision with the nanopore, while the gradual changes in orientation illustrate the impact of a weak torque field in the nano-fluidic channel. The results demonstrate a general method and basic understanding in the dynamic behavior of nanostructures translocating through solid-state nanopores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xinjia Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ruiping Ma
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chengjun Cui
- Shanghai Frontier Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai, 201108, China
| | - Zhuang Mi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ruifen Dou
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Dun Pan
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xinyan Shan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed-Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, Beijing, 100190, China
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9
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Wells CC, Melnikov DV, Gracheva ME. Brownian dynamics of cylindrical capsule-like particles in a nanopore in an electrically biased solid-state membrane. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:2958-2965. [PMID: 35076041 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03965b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We use Brownian dynamics simulations to study the motion of cylindrical capsule-like particles (capsules) as they translocate through nanopores of various radii in an electrically biased silicon membrane. We find that for all pore sizes the electrostatic interaction between the particle and the pore results in the particle localization towards the pore 's center when the membrane and the particle have charges of the same sign (case 1) while in case of the opposite sign charges, the capsule prefers to stay near and along the nanopore wall (case 2). The preferential localization leads to all capsules rotating less while inside the pore compared to the bulk solution, with a larger net charge and/or particle length resulting in a smaller range of rotational movement. It also strongly affects the whole translocation process: in the first case, the translocation is due to the free diffusion along the pore axis and is weakly dependent on the particle charge and the nanopore radius while in the second case, the translocation time dramatically increases with the particle size and charge as the capsule gets "stuck" to the nanopore surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig C Wells
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA.
| | | | - Maria E Gracheva
- Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA.
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10
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Hsu C, Lin CY, Alizadeh A, Daiguji H, Hsu WL. Investigation of entrance effects on particle electrophoretic behavior near a nanopore for resistive pulse sensing. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:2206-2214. [PMID: 34472124 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Resistive pulse sensing using solid-state nanopores provides a unique platform for detecting the structure and concentration of molecules of different types of analytes in an electrolyte solution. The capture of an entity into a nanopore is subject not only to the electrostatic force but also the effect of electroosmotic flow originating from the charged nanopore surface. In this study, we theoretically analyze spherical particle electrophoretic behavior near the entrance of a charged nanopore. By investigating the effects of pore size, particle-pore distance, and salt concentration on particle velocity, we summarize dominant mechanisms governing particle behavior for a range of conditions. In the literature, the Helmholtz-Smoluchowski equation is often adopted to evaluate particle translocation by considering the zeta potential difference between the particle and nanopore surfaces. We point out that, due to the difference of the electric field inside and outside the nanopore and the influence from the existence of the particle itself, the zeta potential of the particle, however, needs to be at least 30% higher than that of the nanopore to allow the particle to enter into the nanopore when its velocity is close to zero. Accordingly, we summarize the effective salt concentrations that enable successful particle capture and detection for different pore sizes, offering direct guidance for nanopore applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien Hsu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chih-Yuan Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amer Alizadeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Hirofumi Daiguji
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wei-Lun Hsu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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He X, Wang P, Shi L, Zhou T, Wen L. Electrokinetic translocation of a deformable nanoparticle controlled by field effect in nanopores. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:2197-2205. [PMID: 34409625 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nanopores have become a popular single-molecule manipulation and detection technology. In this paper, we have constructed a continuum model of the nanopore; the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method is used to describe the motion of particles and fluid. The mathematical model couples the stress-strain equation for the dynamics of a deformable particle, the Poisson equation for the electric field, the Navier-Stokes equations for the flow field, and the Nernst-Planck equations for ionic transport. Based on the model, the mechanism of field-effect regulation of particles passing through a nanopore is investigated. The results show that the transport of particles which is controlled by the field effect depends on the electroosmotic flow (EOF) generated by the gate electrode in the nanopore and the electrostatic interaction between the nanopore and particles. That also explains the asymmetry of particle transport velocity in the nanopore with a gate electrode. When the gate potential is negative, or the gate electrode length is small, the maximum deformation of the particles is increased. The field-effect regulation in the nanopore provides an active and compatible method for nanopore detection, and provides a convenient method for the active control of the particle deformation in the nanopore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan He
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Liuyong Shi
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Teng Zhou
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
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12
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Waszkiewicz R, Lisicki M. Hydrodynamic effects in the capture of rod-like molecules by a nanopore. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:104005. [PMID: 33285536 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abd11b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the approach of biomolecules to a nanopore, it is essential to capture the effects of hydrodynamic anisotropy of the molecules and the near-wall hydrodynamic interactions which hinder their diffusion. We present a detailed theoretical analysis of the behaviour of a rod-like molecule attracted electrostatically by a charged nanopore. We first estimate the time scales corresponding to Brownian and electrostatic translations and reorientation. We find that Brownian motion becomes negligible at distances within the pore capture radius, and numerically determine the trajectories of the nano-rod in this region to explore the effects of anisotropic mobility. This allows us to determine the range of directions from the pore in which hydrodynamic interactions with the boundary shape the approach dynamics and need to be accounted for in detailed modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radost Waszkiewicz
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Lisicki
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Pal S, Ramkumar B, Jugade S, Rao A, Naik A, Chakraborty B, Varma MM. Effect of single nanoparticle-nanopore interaction strength on ionic current modulation. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2020; 325:128785. [PMID: 34321714 PMCID: PMC8312308 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2020.128785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state nanopores are rapidly emerging as promising platforms for developing various single molecule sensing applications. The modulation of ionic current through the pore due to translocation of the target molecule has been the dominant measurement modality in nanopore sensors. Here, we focus on the dwell time, which is the duration taken by the target molecule or particle to traverse the pore and study its dependence on the strength of interaction of the target with the pore using single gold nanoparticles (NPs) as targets interacting with a silicon nitride (SiN) nanopore. The strength of interaction, which in our case is electrostatic in nature, can be controlled by coating the nanoparticles with charged polymers. We report on an operating regime of this nanopore sensor, characterized by attractive interactions between the nanoparticle and the pore, where the dwell time is exponentially sensitive to the target-pore interaction. We used negatively and positively charged gold nanoparticles to control the strength of their interaction with the Silicon Nitride pore which is negatively charged. Our experiments revealed how this modulation of the electrostatic force greatly affects the dwell time. Positively charged NPs with strong attractive interactions with the pore resulted in increase of dwell times by 2-3 orders of magnitude, from 0.4 ms to 75.3 ms. This extreme sensitivity of the dwell time on the strength of interaction between a target and nanopore can be exploited in emerging nanopore sensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Pal
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - B. Ramkumar
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sanket Jugade
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Anjana Rao
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, 92037, United States
| | - Akshay Naik
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Banani Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Manoj M. Varma
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Corresponding author. (M.M. Varma)
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14
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Zhou T, Ge J, Shi L, Liu Z, Deng Y, Peng Y, He X, Tang R, Wen L. Electrokinetic Translocation of a Deformable Nanoparticle through a Nanopore. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:5160-5168. [PMID: 35021692 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The nanopore-based biosensing technology is built up on the fluctuation of the ionic current induced by the electrokinetic translation of a particle penetrating the nanopore. It is expected that the current change of a deformable bioparticle is dissimilar from that of a rigid one. This study theoretically investigated the transient translocation process of a deformable particle through a nanopore for the first time. The mathematical model considers the Poisson equation for the electric potential, the Nernst-Planck equations for the ionic transport, the Navier-Stokes equations for the flow field, and the stress-strain equation for the dynamics of the deformable bioparticle. The arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method is used for the fully coupled particle-fluid dynamic interaction. Results show that the deformation degree of the particle, the velocity deviation, and the current is different from the rigid particle. The deformation degree of the particle will reach the maximum when the particle passes a nanopore. Because of the deformation of particles, the total force applied on deformable particles is larger than that of rigid particles, resulting in larger velocity deviation and current deviation. The influences of the ratio of the nanoparticle radius to the Debye length and surface charge density of the nanopore are also studied. The research results illustrate the translocation mechanism of a deformable nanoparticle in the nanopore, which can provide theoretical guidance for the biosensing technology based on the nanopore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhou
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Jian Ge
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Liuyong Shi
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yongbo Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yinyin Peng
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaohan He
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Rongnian Tang
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Liping Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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15
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The Influence of Electric Field Intensity and Particle Length on the Electrokinetic Transport of Cylindrical Particles Passing through Nanopore. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11080722. [PMID: 32722448 PMCID: PMC7463976 DOI: 10.3390/mi11080722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The electric transport of nanoparticles passing through nanopores leads to a change in the ion current, which is essential for the detection technology of DNA sequencing and protein determination. In order to further illustrate the electrokinetic transport mechanism of particles passing through nanopores, a fully coupled continuum model is constructed by using the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) method. The model consists of the electric field described by the Poisson equation, the concentration field described by Nernst–Planck equation, and the flow field described by the Navier–Stokes equation. Based on this model, the influence of imposed electric field and particle length on the electrokinetic transport of cylindrical particles is investigated. It is found firstly the translation velocities for the longer particles remain constant when they locate inside the nanopore. Both the ion current blockade effect and the ion current enhancement effect occur when cylindrical particles enter and exit the nanopore, respectively, for the experimental parameters employed in this research. Moreover, the particle translation velocity and current fluctuation amplitude are dominated by the electric field intensity, which can be used to adjust the particle transmission efficiency and the ion current detectability. In addition, the increase in particle length changes the particle position corresponding to the peak value of the ion current, which contributes to distinguishing particles with different lengths as well.
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16
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Tsutsui M, Yokota K, Arima A, He Y, Kawai T. Solid-State Nanopore Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2974-2979. [PMID: 31576750 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of field-controlled dynamics of ionized substances in a vacuum enables mass spectroscopy of particles and molecules. Analogously, here we report that nanoscale tracking of electrophoretically driven fast motions of single nanoparticles allows label-free and nondestructive detection of their mass in liquid. We fine-traced the time-dependent positions of space-filtered regular motions of particles passed through a thin solid-state nanopore by dissecting the associated ionic blockade phenomena under a scope of multiphysics simulations. Characterizing the viscous-drag-mediated exponential decay in the electrophoretic speed of particles ejected into an electrolyte solution from the nanochannel, we demonstrated the discrimination of nanoparticles by the femtogram mass difference. The present method is viable for mass measurement of virtually any object that can be put through the sensing zone, the sensor capability of which may find many applications such as pathogen screening and proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makusu Tsutsui
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Osaka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Yokota
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Osaka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan
| | - Akihide Arima
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Osaka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - Yuhui He
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Tomoji Kawai
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Osaka, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
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17
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Zhou T, Ji X, Shi L, Zhang X, Song Y, Joo SW. AC dielectrophoretic deformable particle‐particle interactions and their relative motions. Electrophoresis 2019; 41:952-958. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhou
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering CollegeHainan University Haikou Hainan P. R. China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering CollegeHainan University Haikou Hainan P. R. China
| | - Liuyong Shi
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering CollegeHainan University Haikou Hainan P. R. China
| | - Xianman Zhang
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering CollegeHainan University Haikou Hainan P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Song
- Department of Marine EngineeringDalian Maritime University Dalian P. R. China
| | - Sang Woo Joo
- School of Mechanical EngineeringYeungnam University Gyongsan Korea
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18
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Zhou T, Ji X, Shi L, Zhang X, Deng Y, Joo SW. Dielectrophoretic choking phenomenon in a converging-diverging microchannel for Janus particles. Electrophoresis 2018; 40:993-999. [PMID: 30371959 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The dielectrophoretic (DEP) choking phenomenon is revisited for Janus particles that are transported electrokinetically through a microchannel constriction by a direct-current (DC) electric field. The negative DEP force that would block a particle with a diameter significantly smaller than that of the constriction at its inlet is seen to be relaxed by the rotation of the Janus particle in a direction that minimizes the magnitude of the DEP force. This allows the particle to pass through the constriction completely. An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) numerical method is used to solve the nonlinearly coupled electric field, flow field, and moving particle, and the DEP force is calculated by the Maxwell stress tensor (MST) method. The results show how Janus particles with non-uniform surface potentials overcome the DEP force and present new conditions for the DEP choking by a parametric study. Particle transportation through microchannel constrictions is ubiquitous, and particle surface properties are more likely to be non-uniform than not in practical applications. This study provides new insights of importance for non-uniform particles transported electrokinetically in a microdevice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhou
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Liuyong Shi
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Xianman Zhang
- Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Yongbo Deng
- Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics (CIOMP), Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Sang Woo Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan, Korea
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19
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Relaxation Effect on Intrapore Diffusivities of Highly Charged Colloidal Particles Confined in Porous Membranes. Transp Porous Media 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11242-018-1046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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20
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McMullen AJ, Tang JX, Stein D. Nanopore Measurements of Filamentous Viruses Reveal a Sub-nanometer-Scale Stagnant Fluid Layer. ACS NANO 2017; 11:11669-11677. [PMID: 29091733 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b06767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements and analyses of nanopore translocations by fd and M13, two related strains of filamentous virus that are identical except for their charge densities. The standard continuum theory of electrokinetics greatly overestimates the translocation speed and the conductance associated with counterions for both viruses. Furthermore, fd and M13 behave differently from one another, even translocating in opposite directions under certain conditions. This cannot be explained by Manning-condensed counterions or a number of other proposed models. Instead, we argue that these anomalous findings are consequences of the breakdown of the validity of continuum hydrodynamics at the scale of a few molecular layers. Next to a polyelectrolyte, there exists an extra-viscous, sub-nanometer-thin boundary layer that has a giant influence on the transport characteristics. We show that a stagnant boundary layer captures the essential hydrodynamics and extends the validity of the electrokinetic theory beyond the continuum limit. A stagnant layer with a thickness of about half a nanometer consistently improves predictions of the ionic current change induced by virus translocations and of the translocation velocity for both fd and M13 over a wide range of nanopore dimensions and salt concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus J McMullen
- Department of Physics, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Jay X Tang
- Department of Physics, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Derek Stein
- Department of Physics, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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21
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Deformability-Based Electrokinetic Particle Separation. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:mi7090170. [PMID: 30404343 PMCID: PMC6189855 DOI: 10.3390/mi7090170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Deformability is an effective property that can be used in the separation of colloidal particles and cells. In this study, a microfluidic device is proposed and tested numerically for the sorting of deformable particles of various degrees. The separation process is numerically investigated by a direct numerical simulation of the fluid–particle–electric field interactions with an arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian finite-element method. The separation performance is investigated with the shear modulus of particles, the strength of the applied electric field, and the design of the contracted microfluidic devices as the main parameters. The results show that the particles with different shear moduli take different shapes and trajectories when passing through a microchannel contraction, enabling the separation of particles based on their difference in deformability.
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22
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Ghobadi M, Rana A, Esfahani ET, Esfandiari L. Quantitative estimation of electro-osmosis force on charged particles inside a borosilicate resistive-pulse sensor. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2016; 2016:4228-4231. [PMID: 28269215 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7591660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nano and micron-scale pore sensors have been widely used for biomolecular sensing application due to its sensitive, label-free and potentially cost-effective criteria. Electrophoretic and electroosmosis are major forces which play significant roles on the sensor's performance. In this work, we have developed a mathematical model based on experimental and simulation results of negatively charged particles passing through a 2μm diameter solid-state borosilicate pore under a constant applied electric field. The mathematical model has estimated the ratio of electroosmosis force to electrophoretic force on particles to be 77.5%.
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23
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Wu H, Chen Y, Zhou Q, Wang R, Xia B, Ma D, Luo K, Liu Q. Translocation of Rigid Rod-Shaped Virus through Various Solid-State Nanopores. Anal Chem 2016; 88:2502-10. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Yuhao Chen
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Polymer
Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Qizhao Zhou
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Baicheng Xia
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Polymer
Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Dejun Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical
Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Kaifu Luo
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Polymer
Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Quanjun Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
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24
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Lin CY, Chen F, Yeh LH, Hsu JP. Salt gradient driven ion transport in solid-state nanopores: the crucial role of reservoir geometry and size. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:30160-30165. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06459k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The crucial influence of the reservoir geometry and size on the salt gradient driven ion transport in solid-state nanopores is unraveled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yuan Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Fu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- National Yunlin University of Science and Technology
- Yunlin 64002
- Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsien Yeh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- National Yunlin University of Science and Technology
- Yunlin 64002
- Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ping Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
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25
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Chen G, Das S. Scaling Laws and Ionic Current Inversion in Polyelectrolyte-Grafted Nanochannels. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:12714-26. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b07167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Chen
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Siddhartha Das
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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26
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Lin CY, Yeh LH, Hsu JP, Tseng S. Regulating Current Rectification and Nanoparticle Transport Through a Salt Gradient in Bipolar Nanopores. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:4594-4602. [PMID: 26148458 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tuning of ion and nanoparticle transport is validated through applying a salt gradient in two types of nanopores: the inner wall of a nanopore has bipolar charges and its outer wall neutral (type I), and both the inner and outer walls of a nanopore have bipolar charges (type II). The ion current rectification (ICR) behavior of these nanopores can be regulated by an applied salt gradient: if it is small, the degree of ICR in type II nanopore is more significant than that in type I nanopore; a reversed trend is observed at a sufficiently large salt gradient. If the applied salt gradient and electric field have the same direction, type I nanopore exhibits two significant features that are not observed in type II nanopore: (i) a cation-rich concentration polarization field and an enhanced funneling electric field are present near the cathode side of the nanopore, and (ii) the magnitude of the axial electric field inside the nanopore is reduced. These features imply that applying a salt gradient to type I nanopore is capable of simultaneously enhancing the nanoparticle capture into the nanopore and reducing its translocation velocity inside, so that high sensing performance and resolution can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yuan Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsien Yeh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliou, Yunlin, 64002, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ping Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shiojenn Tseng
- Department of Mathematics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
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27
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Hauer P, Le Ru EC, Willmott GR. Co-ordinated detection of microparticles using tunable resistive pulse sensing and fluorescence spectroscopy. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:014110. [PMID: 25713692 PMCID: PMC4312361 DOI: 10.1063/1.4905874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS) has emerged as a useful tool for particle-by-particle detection and analysis of microparticles and nanoparticles as they pass through a pore in a thin stretchable membrane. We have adapted a TRPS device in order to conduct simultaneous optical measurements of particles passing through the pore. High-resolution fluorescence emission spectra have been recorded for individual 1.9 μm diameter particles at a sampling period of 4.3 ms. These spectra are time-correlated with RPS pulses in a current trace sampled every 20 μs. The flow rate through the pore, controlled by altering the hydrostatic pressure, determines the rate of particle detection. At pressures below 1 kPa, more than 90% of fluorescence and RPS events were matching. At higher pressures, some peaks were missed by the fluorescence technique due to the difference in sampling rates. This technique enhances the particle-by-particle specificity of conventional RPS measurements and could be useful for a range of particle characterization and bioanalysis applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hauer
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington , P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Eric C Le Ru
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington , P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
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28
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Luo L, German SR, Lan WJ, Holden DA, Mega TL, White HS. Resistive-pulse analysis of nanoparticles. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2014; 7:513-35. [PMID: 24896310 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-071213-020107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The development of nanopore fabrication methods during the past decade has led to the resurgence of resistive-pulse analysis of nanoparticles. The newly developed resistive-pulse methods enable researchers to simultaneously study properties of a single nanoparticle and statistics of a large ensemble of nanoparticles. This review covers the basic theory and recent advances in applying resistive-pulse analysis and extends to more complex transport motion (e.g., stochastic thermal motion of a single nanoparticle) and unusual electrical responses (e.g., resistive-pulse response sensitive to surface charge), followed by a brief summary of numerical simulations performed in this field. We emphasize the forces within a nanopore governing translocation of low-aspect-ratio, nondeformable particles but conclude by also considering soft materials such as liposomes and microgels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112;
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29
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Ghosh PK, Hänggi P, Marchesoni F, Nori F. Giant negative mobility of Janus particles in a corrugated channel. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 89:062115. [PMID: 25019733 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.89.062115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We numerically simulate the transport of elliptic Janus particles along narrow two-dimensional channels with reflecting walls. The self-propulsion velocity of the particle is oriented along either its major (prolate) or minor axis (oblate). In smooth channels, we observe long diffusion transients: ballistic for prolate particles and zero diffusion for oblate particles. Placed in a rough channel, prolate particles tend to drift against an applied drive by tumbling over the wall protrusions; for appropriate aspect ratios, the modulus of their negative mobility grows exceedingly large (giant negative mobility). This suggests that a small external drive suffices to efficiently direct self-propulsion of rod-like Janus particles in rough channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulak K Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Peter Hänggi
- Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, D-86135 Augsburg, Germany and Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science and School of Physical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 200092 Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fabio Marchesoni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Camerino, I-62032 Camerino, Italy and CEMS, RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Franco Nori
- CEMS, RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan and Physics Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
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30
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Ai Y, Zeng Z, Qian S. Direct numerical simulation of AC dielectrophoretic particle–particle interactive motions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 417:72-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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32
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Zeng Z, Ai Y, Qian S. pH-regulated ionic current rectification in conical nanopores functionalized with polyelectrolyte brushes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:2465-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54097a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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33
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Getfert S, Töws T, Reimann P. Reluctance of a neutral nanoparticle to enter a charged pore. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 88:052710. [PMID: 24329299 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.052710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We consider the translocation of a neutral (uncharged) nanoparticle through a pore in a thin membrane with constant surface charge density. If the concomitant Debye screening layer is sufficiently thin, the resulting forces experienced by the particle on its way through the pore are negligible. But when the Debye length becomes comparable to the pore diameter, the particle encounters a quite significant potential barrier while approaching and entering the pore, and symmetrically upon exiting the pore. The main reason is an increasing pressure, which acts on the particle when it intrudes into the counter ion cloud of the Debye screening layer. In case the polarizability of the particle is different (usually smaller) than that of the ambient fluid, a second, much smaller contribution to the potential barrier is due to self-energy effects. Our numerical treatment of the problem is complemented by analytical approximations for sufficiently long cylindrical particles and pores, which agree very well with the numerics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Getfert
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Töws
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Peter Reimann
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Goyal G, Freedman KJ, Kim MJ. Gold Nanoparticle Translocation Dynamics and Electrical Detection of Single Particle Diffusion Using Solid-State Nanopores. Anal Chem 2013; 85:8180-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac4012045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Goyal
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, ‡Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, and §Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kevin J. Freedman
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, ‡Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, and §Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Min Jun Kim
- School
of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, ‡Department of Chemical
and Biological Engineering, and §Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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35
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Wang HY, Gu Z, Cao C, Wang J, Long YT. Analysis of a single α-synuclein fibrillation by the interaction with a protein nanopore. Anal Chem 2013; 85:8254-61. [PMID: 23899046 DOI: 10.1021/ac401496x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The formation of an α-synuclein fibril is critical in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. The native unfolded α-synuclein monomer will translocate through an α-hemolysin nanopore by applied potential at physiological conditions in vitro. Applying a potential transformed α-synuclein into a partially folded intermediate, which was monitored by capture inside the vestibule of an α-hemolysin nanopore with a capture current of 20 ± 1.0 pA. The procedure involves the critical early stage of α-synuclein structural transformation. Further elongation of the intermediate produces a block current to 5 ± 0.5 pA. It is revealed that the early stage fibril of α-synuclein inside the nanopore is affected by intrapeptide electrostatic interaction. In addition, trehalose cleared the fibrillation by changing the surface hydrophobic interaction of A53T α-synuclein, which did not show any inhibition effect from WT α-synuclein. The results proved that the interpeptide hydrophobic interactions in the elongation of A53T α-synuclein protofilaments can be greatly weakened by trehalose. This suggests that trehalose inhibits the interpeptide interaction involved in protein secondary structure. The hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions are associated with an increase in α-synuclein fibrillation propensity. This work provides unique insights into the earliest steps of the α-synuclein aggregation pathway and provides the potential basis for the development of drugs that can prevent α-synuclein aggregation at the initial stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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36
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Liu KL, Hsu JP, Tseng S. Capillary osmosis in a charged nanopore connecting two large reservoirs. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:9598-9603. [PMID: 23863095 DOI: 10.1021/la401925n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Experimental evidence revealed that the performance of nanopore-based biosensing devices can be improved by applying a salt concentration gradient. To provide a theoretical explanation for this observation and explore the mechanisms involved, we model the capillary osmosis (or diffusioosmosis) in a charged solid-state nanopore connecting two large reservoirs. The effects of nanopore geometry and the reservoir salt concentrations are examined. We show that the capillary osmotic flow is from the high salt concentration reservoir to the low salt concentration one, and its magnitude has a maximum as the reservoir salt concentrations vary. In general, the shorter the nanopore and/or the smaller its radius, the faster the osmotic flow. This flow enhances the current recognition, and the ion concentration polarization across nanopore openings raises the entity capture rate, thereby being capable of improving the performance of electrophoresis-based biosensors. The results gathered provide necessary information for designing nanopore-based biosensor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Liang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
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37
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Mao M, Ghosal S, Hu G. Hydrodynamic flow in the vicinity of a nanopore induced by an applied voltage. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 24:245202. [PMID: 23689946 PMCID: PMC3738177 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/24/245202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Continuum simulation is employed to study ion transport and fluid flow through a nanopore in a solid-state membrane under an applied potential drop. The results show the existence of concentration polarization layers on the surfaces of the membrane. The nonuniformity of the ionic distribution gives rise to an electric pressure that drives vortical motion in the fluid. There is also a net hydrodynamic flow through the nanopore due to an asymmetry induced by the membrane surface charge. The qualitative behavior is similar to that observed in a previous study using molecular dynamic simulations. The current-voltage characteristics show some nonlinear features but are not greatly affected by the hydrodynamic flow in the parameter regime studied. In the limit of thin Debye layers, the electric resistance of the system can be characterized using an equivalent circuit with lumped parameters. Generation of vorticity can be understood qualitatively from elementary considerations of the Maxwell stresses. However, the flow strength is a strongly nonlinear function of the applied field. Combination of electrophoretic and hydrodynamic effects can lead to ion selectivity in terms of valences and this could have some practical applications in separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Mao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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38
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Wang N, Yee CP, Chen YY, Hsu JP, Tseng S. Electrophoresis of a pH-regulated zwitterionic nanoparticle in a pH-regulated zwitterionic capillary. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:7162-7169. [PMID: 23679581 DOI: 10.1021/la400946s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We consider the electrophoresis of a rigid sphere along the axis of a narrow cylindrical capillary; both are pH-regulated and zwitterionic. This extends available analyses in the literature to a more general and realistic case. Adopting a titanium oxide (TiO2) particle in a silicon dioxide (SiO2) capillary as an example, we examine the capillary radius, the solution pH, and the electrolyte concentration (or double-layer thickness) for their influences on the electrophoretic behavior of a particle. Because the pH solution is adjusted by HCl and NaOH, the presence of four kinds of ionic species, namely, H(+), OH(-), Na(+), and Cl(-), should be considered if NaCl is the background electrolyte. This also extends conventional electrophoresis analyses to the case of multiple ionic species. The interactions of the electroosmotic flow, the properties of the particle and the solution, and the capillary wall yield complicated electrophoretic behavior that can be regulated by the solution pH and the background electrolyte concentration. The results gathered are necessary for the future design of nanopore-based electrophoresis devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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39
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Tseng S, Lin CY, Hsu JP, Yeh LH. Electrophoresis of deformable polyelectrolytes in a nanofluidic channel. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:2446-2454. [PMID: 23379259 DOI: 10.1021/la304842x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the shape of a polyelectrolyte (PE) on its electrophoretic behavior in a nanofluidic channel is investigated by considering the translocation of a deformable ellipsoidal PE along the axis of a cylindrical nanochannel. A continuum model comprising a Poisson equation for the electric potential, Nernst-Planck equations for the ionic concentrations, and modified Stokes equations for the flow field is adopted. The effects of the PE shape, boundary, bulk ionic concentration, counterion condensation, electroosmotic retardation flow, and electroosmotic flow (EOF) on the PE mobility are discussed. Several interesting behaviors are observed. For example, if the nanochannel is uncharged and the double layer is thick, then the PE mobility increases (decreases) with increasing double-layer thickness for a smaller (larger) boundary, which has not been reported previously. If the nanochannel is negatively charged and the double layer is thick, then a negatively charged PE moves in the direction of the applied electric field. The results gathered provide necessary information for both the interpretation of experimental data and the design of nanochannel-based sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiojenn Tseng
- Department of Mathematics, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taipei 25137, Taiwan
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40
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Tseng S, Hsu JP, Lo HM, Yeh LH. Electrophoresis of a soft sphere in a necked cylindrical nanopore. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:11758-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51254a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Yeh LH, Zhang M, Joo SW, Qian S. Slowing down DNA translocation through a nanopore by lowering fluid temperature. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:3458-65. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hsien Yeh
- Institute of Micro/Nanotechnology; Old Dominion University; Norfolk; VA; USA
| | - Mingkan Zhang
- Institute of Micro/Nanotechnology; Old Dominion University; Norfolk; VA; USA
| | - Sang W. Joo
- School of Mechanical Engineering; Yeungnam University; Gyongsan; South Korea
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42
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Yeh LH, Zhang M, Joo SW, Qian S, Hsu JP. Controlling pH-Regulated Bionanoparticles Translocation through Nanopores with Polyelectrolyte Brushes. Anal Chem 2012; 84:9615-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ac302429d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hsien Yeh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan
| | - Mingkan Zhang
- Institute of Micro/Nanotechnology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United
States
| | - Sang W. Joo
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan 712-719, South Korea
| | - Shizhi Qian
- Institute of Micro/Nanotechnology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United
States
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan 712-719, South Korea
| | - Jyh-Ping Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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43
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Arjmandi N, Van Roy W, Lagae L, Borghs G. Measuring the Electric Charge and Zeta Potential of Nanometer-Sized Objects Using Pyramidal-Shaped Nanopores. Anal Chem 2012; 84:8490-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300705z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nima Arjmandi
- IMEC,
Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Liesbet Lagae
- IMEC,
Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gustaaf Borghs
- IMEC,
Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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44
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Hsu JP, Tai YH, Yeh LH, Tseng S. Importance of temperature effect on the electrophoretic behavior of charge-regulated particles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:1013-1019. [PMID: 22126364 DOI: 10.1021/la203245n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Joule heating effect is inevitable in electrophoresis operations. To assess its influence on the performance of electrophoresis, we consider the case of a charge-regulated particle in a solution containing multiple ionic species at temperatures ranging from 298 to 308 K. Using an aqueous SiO(2) dispersion as an example, we show that an increase in the temperature leads to a decrease in both the dielectric constant and the viscosity of the liquid phase, and an increase in both the diffusivity of ions and the particle surface potential. For a particle having a constant surface potential, its electrophoretic mobility is most influenced by the variation in the liquid viscosity as the temperature varies, but for a charged-regulated particle both the liquid viscosity and the surface potential can play an important role. Depending upon the level of pH, the degree of increase in the mobility can be on the order of 40% for a 5 K increase in the temperature. The presence of double-layer polarization, which is significant when the surface potential is sufficiently high, has the effect of inhibiting that increase in the mobility. This implies that the influence of the temperature on the mobility of the particle is most significant when the pH is close to the point of zero charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Ping Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617.
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45
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Zhang Z, Zuo C, Cao Q, Ma Y, Chen S. Modulation of Electroosmotic Flow Using Polyelectrolyte Brushes: A Molecular Dynamics Study. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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46
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Zhang M, Ai Y, Kim DS, Jeong JH, Joo SW, Qian S. Electrophoretic motion of a soft spherical particle in a nanopore. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 88:165-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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47
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Kozak D, Anderson W, Vogel R, Trau M. Advances in Resistive Pulse Sensors: Devices bridging the void between molecular and microscopic detection. NANO TODAY 2011; 6:531-545. [PMID: 22034585 PMCID: PMC3199578 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2011.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Since the first reported use of a biological ion channel to detect differences in single stranded genomic base pairs in 1996, a renaissance in nanoscale resistive pulse sensors has ensued. This resurgence of a technique originally outlined and commercialized over fifty years ago has largely been driven by advances in nanoscaled fabrication, and ultimately, the prospect of a rapid and inexpensive means for genomic sequencing as well as other macromolecular characterization. In this pursuit, the potential application of these devices to characterize additional properties such as the size, shape, charge, and concentration of nanoscaled materials (10 - 900 nm) has been largely overlooked. Advances in nanotechnology and biotechnology are driving the need for simple yet sensitive individual object readout devices such as resistive pulse sensors. This review will examine the recent progress in pore-based sensing in the nanoscale range. A detailed analysis of three new types of pore sensors - in-series, parallel, and size-tunable pores - has been included. These pores offer improved measurement sensitivity over a wider particle size range. The fundamental physical chemistry of these techniques, which is still evolving, will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darby Kozak
- Centre for Biomarker Research and Development, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia 4072, , Tel: 61 7 334 64173
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48
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Ai Y, Mauroy B, Sharma A, Qian S. Electrokinetic motion of a deformable particle: Dielectrophoretic effect. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:2282-91. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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49
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Zhang M, Ai Y, Sharma A, Joo SW, Kim DS, Qian S. Electrokinetic particle translocation through a nanopore containing a floating electrode. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:1864-74. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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