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In vitro probing of oxidized inulin cross-linked collagen-ZrO2 hybrid scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 289:119458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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2
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Martí D, Martín-Martínez E, Torras J, Betran O, Turon P, Alemán C. In silico study of substrate chemistry effect on the tethering of engineered antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 detection: Amorphous silica vs gold. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 213:112400. [PMID: 35158221 PMCID: PMC8820101 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the properties of different solid substrates on the tethering of two antibodies, IgG1-CR3022 and IgG1-S309, which were specifically engineered for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, has been examined at the molecular level using conventional and accelerated Molecular Dynamics (cMD and aMD, respectively). Two surfaces with very different properties and widely used in immunosensors for diagnosis, amorphous silica and the most stable facet of the face-centered cubic gold structure, have been considered. The effects of such surfaces on the structure and orientation of the immobilized antibodies have been determined by quantifying the tilt and hinge angles that describe the orientation and shape of the antibody, respectively, and the dihedrals that measure the relative position of the antibody arms with respect to the surface. Results show that the interactions with amorphous silica, which are mainly electrostatic due to the charged nature of the surface, help to preserve the orientation and structure of the antibodies, especially of the IgG1-CR3022, indicating that the primary sequence of those antibodies also plays some role. Instead, short-range van der Waals interactions with the inert gold surface cause a higher degree tilting and fraying of the antibodies with respect to amorphous silica. The interactions between the antibodies and the surface also affect the correlation among the different angles and dihedrals, which increases with their strength. Overall, results explain why amorphous silica substrates are frequently used to immobilize antibodies in immunosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didac Martí
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química (DEQ), EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Martín-Martínez
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química (DEQ), EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Torras
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química (DEQ), EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Oscar Betran
- Departament de Física, EETAC, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), c/ Esteve Terrades, 7, 08860 Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Pau Turon
- B. Braun Surgical, S.A.U. Carretera de Terrasa 121, Rubí, 08191 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química (DEQ), EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I2, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Jalili S, Keshavarz M. Amino acids adsorption onto the (111) surface of cubic zirconia: a density functional theory study. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-021-02234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Shen X, Sun T, Yang L, Krasnoslobodtsev A, Sabirianov R, Sealy M, Mei WN, Wu Z, Tan L. Ultra-fast charging in aluminum-ion batteries: electric double layers on active anode. Nat Commun 2021; 12:820. [PMID: 33547316 PMCID: PMC7864900 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21108-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid iteration of portable electronics and electric vehicles, developing high-capacity batteries with ultra-fast charging capability has become a holy grail. Here we report rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries capable of reaching a high specific capacity of 200 mAh g-1. When liquid metal is further used to lower the energy barrier from the anode, fastest charging rate of 104 C (duration of 0.35 s to reach a full capacity) and 500% more specific capacity under high-rate conditions are achieved. Phase boundaries from the active anode are believed to encourage a high-flux charge transfer through the electric double layers. As a result, cationic layers inside the electric double layers responded with a swift change in molecular conformation, but anionic layers adopted a polymer-like configuration to facilitate the change in composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Shen
- School of Aerospace, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Tao Sun
- School of Aerospace, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Aerospace, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
| | - Alexey Krasnoslobodtsev
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Renat Sabirianov
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Michael Sealy
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Wai-Ning Mei
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Zhanjun Wu
- School of Aerospace, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
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Protein Adsorption at Nanorough Titanium Oxide Surfaces: The Importance of Surface Statistical Parameters beyond Surface Roughness. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020357. [PMID: 33535535 PMCID: PMC7912717 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The nanoscale surface topography of biomaterials can have strong effects on protein adsorption. While there are numerous surface statistical parameters for the characterization of nanorough surfaces, none of them alone provides a complete description of surface morphology. Herein, a selection of nanorough titanium oxide surfaces has been fabricated with root-mean-square roughness (Sq) values below 2.7 nm but very different surface morphologies. The adsorption of the proteins myoglobin (MGB), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and thyroglobulin (TGL) at these surfaces was investigated in situ by ellipsometry to assess the importance of six of the most common surface statistical parameters. For BSA adsorption, both protein film thickness and time constant of adsorption were found to scale linearly with Sq s. For TGL, however, the same adsorption characteristics depend linearly on the surface skewness (Ssk), which we attribute to the rather extreme size of this protein. Finally, a mixed behavior is observed for MGB adsorption, showing different linear correlations with Sq and Ssk. These results demonstrate the importance of a thorough morphological characterization of the surfaces employed in protein adsorption and possibly also cell adhesion studies.
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Miralami R, Haider H, Sharp JG, Namavar F, Hartman CW, Garvin KL, Hunter CD, Premaraj T, Thiele GM. Surface nano-modification by ion beam–assisted deposition alters the expression of osteogenic genes in osteoblasts. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2019; 233:921-930. [DOI: 10.1177/0954411919858018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials with enhanced biocompatibility are favored in implant studies to improve the outcomes of total joint replacement surgeries. This study tested the hypothesis that nano-structured surfaces for orthopedic applications, produced by the ion beam–assisted deposition method, would enhance osteointegration by altering the expression of bone-associated genes in osteoblasts. The ion beam–assisted deposition technique was employed to deposit nano-films on glass or titanium substrates. The effects of the ion beam–assisted deposition produced surfaces on the human osteosarcoma cell line SAOS-2 at the molecular level were investigated by assays of adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis on coated surfaces versus uncoated cobalt–chrome, as the control. Ion beam–assisted deposition nano-coatings enhanced bone-associated gene expression at initial cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation compared to cobalt–chrome surfaces as assessed by polymerase chain reaction techniques. Increased cell proliferation was observed using a nuclear cell proliferation–associated antigen. Moreover, enhanced cell differentiation was determined by alkaline phosphatase activity, an indicator of bone formation. In addition, programmed cell death assessed by annexin V staining and flow cytometry was lower on nano-surfaces compared to cobalt–chrome surfaces. Overall, the results indicate that nano-coated surfaces produced by the ion beam–assisted deposition technique for use on implants were superior to orthopedic grade cobalt–chrome in supporting bone cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation and reducing apoptosis. Thus, surface properties altered by the ion beam–assisted deposition technique should enhance bone formation and increase the biocompatibility of bone cell–associated surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Miralami
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Hani Haider
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - John G Sharp
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Fereydoon Namavar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Curtis W Hartman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kevin L Garvin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Carlos D Hunter
- VA Nebraska-Iowa Healthcare System, and Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Thyagaseely Premaraj
- Department of Growth & Development, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Geoffrey M Thiele
- VA Nebraska-Iowa Healthcare System, and Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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7
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Bandura AV, Lukyanov SI, Evarestov RA. Atom–atom force field for simulation of zirconia bulk, nanosheets and nanotubes. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2017.1303685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V. Bandura
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey I. Lukyanov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Robert A. Evarestov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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8
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Rubinstein AI, Sabirianov RF, Namavar F. Effects of the dielectric properties of the ceramic-solvent interface on the binding of proteins to oxide ceramics: a non-local electrostatic approach. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:415703. [PMID: 27585807 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/41/415703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology has raised many fundamental questions that significantly impede progress in these fields. In particular, understanding the physicochemical processes at the interface in aqueous solvents requires the development and application of efficient and accurate methods. In the present work we evaluate the electrostatic contribution to the energy of model protein-ceramic complex formation in an aqueous solvent. We apply a non-local (NL) electrostatic approach that accounts for the effects of the short-range structure of the solvent on the electrostatic interactions of the interfacial systems. In this approach the aqueous solvent is considered as a non-ionic liquid, with the rigid and strongly correlated dipoles of the water molecules. We have found that an ordered interfacial aqueous solvent layer at the protein- and ceramic-solvent interfaces reduces the charging energy of both the ceramic and the protein in the solvent, and significantly increases the electrostatic contribution to their association into a complex. This contribution in the presented NL approach was found to be significantly shifted with respect to the classical model at any dielectric constant value of the ceramics. This implies a significant increase of the adsorption energy in the protein-ceramic complex formation for any ceramic material. We show that for several biocompatible ceramics (for example HfO2, ZrO2, and Ta2O5) the above effect predicts electrostatically induced protein-ceramic complex formation. However, in the framework of the classical continuum electrostatic model (the aqueous solvent as a uniform dielectric medium with a high dielectric constant ∼80) the above ceramics cannot be considered as suitable for electrostatically induced complex formation. Our results also show that the protein-ceramic electrostatic interactions can be strong enough to compensate for the unfavorable desolvation effect in the process of protein-ceramic complex formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I Rubinstein
- Department of Physics, Laboratory of Applied Spectroscopy, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, West Bank. Department of Physics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
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9
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Kasputis T, Pieper A, Rodenhausen KB, Schmidt D, Sekora D, Rice C, Schubert E, Schubert M, Pannier AK. Use of precisely sculptured thin film (STF) substrates with generalized ellipsometry to determine spatial distribution of adsorbed fibronectin to nanostructured columnar topographies and effect on cell adhesion. Acta Biomater 2015; 18:88-99. [PMID: 25712389 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sculptured thin film (STF) substrates consist of nanocolumns with precise orientation, intercolumnar spacing, and optical anisotropy, which can be used as model biomaterial substrates to study the effect of homogenous nanotopogrophies on the three-dimensional distribution of adsorbed proteins. Generalized ellipsometry was used to discriminate between the distributions of adsorbed FN either on top of or within the intercolumnar void spaces of STFs, afforded by the optical properties of these precisely crafted substrates. Generalized ellipsometry indicated that STFs with vertical nanocolumns enhanced total FN adsorption two-fold relative to flat control substrates and the FN adsorption studies demonstrate different STF characteristics influence the degree of FN immobilization both on top and within intercolumnar spaces, with increasing spacing and surface area enhancing total protein adsorption. Mouse fibroblasts or mouse mesenchymal stem cells were subsequently cultured on STFs, to investigate the effect of highly ordered and defined nanotopographies on cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation. All STF nanotopographies investigated in the absence of adsorbed FN were found to significantly enhance cell adhesion relative to flat substrates; and the addition of FN to STFs was found to have cell-dependent effects on enhancing cell-material interactions. Furthermore, the amount of FN adsorbed to the STFs did not correlate with comparative enhancements of cell-material interactions, suggesting that nanotopography predominantly contributes to the biocompatibility of homogenous nanocolumnar surfaces. This is the first study to correlate precisely defined nanostructured features with protein distribution and cell-nanomaterial interactions. STFs demonstrate immense potential as biomaterial surfaces for applications in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadas Kasputis
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Alex Pieper
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Keith Brian Rodenhausen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Daniel Schmidt
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Singapore Synchotron Light Source, National University of Singapore, 119077, Singapore; Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Derek Sekora
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Charles Rice
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Eva Schubert
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Mathias Schubert
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Angela K Pannier
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Center for Nanohybrid Functional Materials, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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10
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Frederiksen RS, Alarcon-Llado E, Madsen MH, Rostgaard KR, Krogstrup P, Vosch T, Nygård J, Fontcuberta I Morral A, Martinez KL. Modulation of fluorescence signals from biomolecules along nanowires due to interaction of light with oriented nanostructures. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:176-81. [PMID: 25426704 DOI: 10.1021/nl503344y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
High aspect ratio nanostructures have gained increasing interest as highly sensitive platforms for biosensing. Here, well-defined biofunctionalized vertical indium arsenide nanowires are used to map the interaction of light with nanowires depending on their orientation and the excitation wavelength. We show how nanowires act as antennas modifying the light distribution and the emitted fluorescence. This work highlights an important optical phenomenon in quantitative fluorescence studies and constitutes an important step for future studies using such nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rune S Frederiksen
- Bio-Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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11
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Kubiak-Ossowska K, Mulheran PA, Nowak W. Fibronectin Module FNIII9 Adsorption at Contrasting Solid Model Surfaces Studied by Atomistic Molecular Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:9900-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Kubiak-Ossowska
- Department
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, James
Weir Building, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, United Kingdom
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Grudziadzka 5/7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Paul A. Mulheran
- Department
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, James
Weir Building, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow G1 1XJ, United Kingdom
| | - Wieslaw Nowak
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Grudziadzka 5/7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
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Carlsson N, Gustafsson H, Thörn C, Olsson L, Holmberg K, Åkerman B. Enzymes immobilized in mesoporous silica: a physical-chemical perspective. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 205:339-60. [PMID: 24112562 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous materials as support for immobilized enzymes have been explored extensively during the last two decades, primarily not only for biocatalysis applications, but also for biosensing, biofuels and enzyme-controlled drug delivery. The activity of the immobilized enzymes inside the pores is often different compared to that of the free enzymes, and an important challenge is to understand how the immobilization affects the enzymes in order to design immobilization conditions that lead to optimal enzyme activity. This review summarizes methods that can be used to understand how material properties can be linked to changes in enzyme activity. Real-time monitoring of the immobilization process and techniques that demonstrate that the enzymes are located inside the pores is discussed by contrasting them to the common practice of indirectly measuring the depletion of the protein concentration or enzyme activity in the surrounding bulk phase. We propose that pore filling (pore volume fraction occupied by proteins) is the best standard for comparing the amount of immobilized enzymes at the molecular level, and present equations to calculate pore filling from the more commonly reported immobilized mass. Methods to detect changes in enzyme structure upon immobilization and to study the microenvironment inside the pores are discussed in detail. Combining the knowledge generated from these methodologies should aid in rationally designing biocatalyst based on enzymes immobilized in mesoporous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Carlsson
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Physical Chemistry, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Gustafsson
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Applied Surface Chemistry, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christian Thörn
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Industrial Biotechnology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisbeth Olsson
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Industrial Biotechnology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Krister Holmberg
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Applied Surface Chemistry, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Björn Åkerman
- Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Physical Chemistry, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Rubinstein AI, Sabirianov RF, Namavar F. Enhanced cell growth by nanoengineering zirconia to stimulate electrostatic fibronectin activation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:065101. [PMID: 24434703 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/6/065101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We address the enhanced bone growth on designed nanocrystalline zirconia implants as reported by in vivo experiments. In vitro experiments demonstrate that the activation of adhesive proteins on nanoengineered zirconia stimulates cell adhesion and growth as shown by confocal microscopy. Fibrillar fibronectin (FN) forms a matrix assembly on the nanostructured surface in the cell adhesion process. We discuss the importance of FN dimer activation due to its immobilization on the designed nanocrystalline ZrO2 implant fabricated by ion beam assisted deposition. The Monte-Carlo analysis indicates that FN activation on the surface can be promoted by selective electrostatic interactions between negatively charged ZrO2 surface patches and oppositely charged FN domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Rubinstein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, UNMC, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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14
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Juárez-Moreno K, Pestryakov A, Petranovskii V. Engineering of Supported Nanomaterials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Thörn C, Udatha DG, Zhou H, Christakopoulos P, Topakas E, Olsson L. Understanding the pH-dependent immobilization efficacy of feruloyl esterase-C on mesoporous silica and its structure–activity changes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Miralami R, Koepsell L, Premaraj T, Kim B, Thiele GM, Sharp JG, Garvin KL, Namavar F. Comparing Biocompatibility of Nanocrystalline Titanium and Titanium-Oxide with Microcrystalline Titanium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1557/opl.2013.804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTTitanium (Ti) is the material of choice for orthopaedic applications because it is biocompatible and encourages osteoblast ingrowth. It was shown that the biocompatibility of Ti metal is due to the presence of a thin native sub-stoichiometric titanium oxide layer which enhances the adsorption of mediating proteins on the surface [1]. The present studies were devised to evaluate the adhesion, survival, and growth of cells on the surface of new engineered nano-crystal films of titanium and titanium oxides and compare them with orthopaedic-grade titanium with microcrystals. The engineered nano-crystal films with hydrophilic properties are produced by employing an ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) technique. IBAD combines physical vapor deposition with concurrent ion beam bombardment in a high vacuum environment to produce films (with 3 to 70 nm grain size) with superior properties. These films are “stitched” to the artificial orthopaedic implant materials with characteristics that affect the wettability and mechanical properties of the coatings.To characterize the biocompatibility of these nano-engineered surfaces, we have studied osteoblast function including cell adhesion, growth, and differentiation on different nanostructured samples. Cell responses to surfaces were examined using SAOS-2 osteoblast-like cells. We also studied a correlation between the surface nanostructures and the cell growth by characterizing the SAOS-2 cells with immunofluorescence and measuring the amount alizarin red concentration produced after 7 and 14 days. The number of adherent cells was determined by means of nuclei quantification on the nanocrystalline Ti, TiO2, and microcrystalline Ti and analysis was performed with Image J. Our experimental results indicated that nanocrystalline TiO2 is superior to both nano and microcrystalline Ti in supporting growth, adhesion, and proliferation. Improving the quality of surface oxide, i.e. fabricating stoichiometric oxides as well as nanoengineering the surface topology, is crucial for increasing the biocompatibility of Ti implant materials.
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Kubiak-Ossowska K, Mulheran PA. Protein diffusion and long-term adsorption states at charged solid surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:15577-15585. [PMID: 23062108 DOI: 10.1021/la303323r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The diffusion pathways of lysozyme adsorbed to a model charged ionic surface are studied using fully atomistic steered molecular dynamics simulation. The simulations start from existing protein adsorption trajectories, where it has been found that one particular residue, Arg128 at the N,C-terminal face, plays a crucial role in anchoring the lysozyme to the surface [Langmuir 2010 , 26 , 15954 - 15965]. We first investigate the desorption pathway for the protein by pulling the Arg128 side chain away from the surface in the normal direction, and its subsequent readsorption, before studying diffusion pathways by pulling the Arg128 side chain parallel to the surface. We find that the orientation of this side chain plays a decisive role in the diffusion process. Initially, it is oriented normal to the surface, aligning in the electrostatic field of the surface during the adsorption process, but after resorption it lies parallel to the surface, being unable to return to its original orientation due to geometric constraints arising from structured water layers at the surface. Diffusion from this alternative adsorption state has a lower energy barrier of ∼0.9 eV, associated with breaking hydrogen bonds along the pathway, in reasonable agreement with the barrier inferred from previous experimental observation of lysozyme surface clustering. These results show the importance of studying protein diffusion alongside adsorption to gain full insight into the formation of protein clusters and films, essential steps in the future development of functionalized surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Kubiak-Ossowska
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Jensen UB, Ferapontova EE, Sutherland DS. Quantifying protein adsorption and function at nanostructured materials: enzymatic activity of glucose oxidase at GLAD structured electrodes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:11106-11114. [PMID: 22746098 DOI: 10.1021/la3017672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials strongly modulate the behavior of adsorbed proteins; however, the characterization of such interactions is challenging. Here we present a novel method combining protein adsorption studies at nanostructured quartz crystal microbalance sensor surfaces (QCM-D) with optical (surface plasmon resonance SPR) and electrochemical methods (cyclic voltammetry CV) allowing quantification of both bound protein amount and activity. The redox enzyme glucose oxidase is studied as a model system to explore alterations in protein functional behavior caused by adsorption onto flat and nanostructured surfaces. This enzyme and such materials interactions are relevant for biosensor applications. Novel nanostructured gold electrode surfaces with controlled curvature were fabricated using colloidal lithography and glancing angle deposition (GLAD). The adsorption of enzyme to nanostructured interfaces was found to be significantly larger compared to flat interfaces even after normalization for the increased surface area, and no substantial desorption was observed within 24 h. A decreased enzymatic activity was observed over the same period of time, which indicates a slow conformational change of the adsorbed enzyme induced by the materials interface. Additionally, we make use of inherent localized surface plasmon resonances in these nanostructured materials to directly quantify the protein binding. We hereby demonstrate a QCM-D-based methodology to quantify protein binding at complex nanostructured materials. Our approach allows label free quantification of protein binding at nanostructured interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uffe B Jensen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Lawrence NJ, Wells-Kingsbury JM, Ihrig MM, Fangman TE, Namavar F, Cheung CL. Controlling E. coli adhesion on high-k dielectric bioceramics films using poly(amino acid) multilayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:4301-4308. [PMID: 22339263 DOI: 10.1021/la2033725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The influence of high-k dielectric bioceramics with poly(amino acid) multilayer coatings on the adhesion behavior of Escherichia coli (E. coli) was studied by evaluating the density of bacteria coverage on the surfaces of these materials. A biofilm forming K-12 strain (PHL628), a wild-type strain (JM109), and an engineered strain (XL1-Blue) of E. coli were examined for their adherence to zirconium oxide (ZrO(2)) and tantalum oxide (Ta(2)O(5)) surfaces functionalized with single and multiple layers of poly(amino acid) polyelectrolytes made by the layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition. Two poly(amino acids), poly(l-arginine) (PARG) and poly(l-aspartic acid) (PASP), were chosen for the functionalization schemes. All three strains were found to grow and preferentially adhere to bare bioceramic film surfaces over bare glass slides. The bioceramic and glass surfaces functionalized with positively charged poly(amino acid) top layers were observed to enhance the adhesion of these bacteria by up to 4-fold in terms of bacteria surface coverage. Minimal bacteria coverage was detected on surfaces functionalized with negatively charged poly(amino acid) top layers. The effect of different poly(amino acid) coatings to promote or minimize bacterial adhesion was observed to be drastically enhanced with the bioceramic substrates than with glass. Such observed enhancements were postulated to be attributed to the formation of higher density of poly(amino acids) coatings enabled by the high dielectric strength (k) of these bioceramics. The multilayer poly(amino acid) functionalization scheme was successfully applied to utilize this finding for micropatterning E. coli on bioceramic thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Lawrence
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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Namavar F, Rubinstein A, Sabirianov RF, Thiele GM, Sharp JG, Pokharel U, Namavar RM, Garvin KL. Engineered Nanostructured Coatings for Enhanced Protein Adsorption and Cell Growth. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1557/opl.2012.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTWe designed and produced pure cubic zirconia (ZrO2) ceramic1 coatings by an ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) with nanostructures comparable to the size of proteins. Our ceramic coatings exhibit high hardness and a zero contact angle with serum. In contrast to hydroxyapatite (HA), nano-engineered zirconia films possess excellent adhesion to all orthopaedic materials. Cell adhesion and proliferation experiments were performed with a bona fide mesenchymal stromal cell line (OMA-AD). Our experimental results indicate that the nano-engineered cubic zirconia is superior in supporting growth, adhesion, and proliferation. Since cell attachment is mediated by adhesive proteins such as fibronectin (FN), to elucidate why cells attach more effectively to our nanostructures, we performed a comparative analysis of adsorption energies of FN fragment using quantum mechanical calculations and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation both on smooth and nanostructured surfaces. We have found that a FN fragment adsorbs significantly stronger on the nanostructured surface than on the smooth surface2.
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Frandsen CJ, Brammer KS, Noh K, Connelly LS, Oh S, Chen LH, Jin S. Zirconium oxide nanotube surface prompts increased osteoblast functionality and mineralization. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2011.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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