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Wang X, Ma L, Wang X, Zhao W, Liu H, Zhang X, Wang F. Thermal-Robust Phenoxyimine Titanium Catalysts Bearing Bulky Sidearms for High Temperature Ethylene Homo-/Co- Polymerizations. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:902. [PMID: 38611160 PMCID: PMC11013879 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A family of titanium complexes (Ti1-Ti7) with the general formula LTiCl3, supported by tridentate phenoxyimine [O-NO] ligands (L1-L7) bearing bulky sidearms, were synthesized by treating the corresponding ligands with stoichiometric amount of TiCl4. All the ligands and complexes were well characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies, in which ortho- methoxyl groups on N-aryl moieties shifted to downfield, corroborating the successful coordination reaction. Structural optimization by DFT calculations revealed that one of the phenyl groups on dibenzhydryl moiety could form π-π stacking interaction with the salicylaldimine plane, because of which the obtained titanium complexes revealed good thermal stabilities for high-temperature polymerization of ethylene. The thermal robustness of the complexes was closely related to the strength of π-π stacking interactions, which were mainly influenced by the substituents on the dibenzhydryl moieties; Ti1, Ti4 and Ti5 emerged as the three best-performing complexes at 110 °C. With the aid of such π-π stacking interactions, the complexes were also found to be active at >150 °C, although decreased activities were witnessed. Besides homopolymerizations, complexes Ti1-Ti7 were also found to be active for the high-temperature copolymerization of ethylene and 1-octene, but with medium incorporation percentage, demonstrating their medium copolymerization capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (X.W.); (W.Z.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Lishuang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (X.W.); (W.Z.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhao
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (X.W.); (W.Z.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (X.W.); (W.Z.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xuequan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (X.W.); (W.Z.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Shandong Provincial College Laboratory of Rubber Material and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; (X.W.); (W.Z.); (H.L.); (X.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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Nifant'ev IE, Vinogradov AA, Vinogradov AA, Minyaev ME, Bagrov VV, Salakhov II, Shaidullin NM, Chalykh AE, Shapagin AV, Ivchenko PV. Heterocene-catalyzed ethylene/oct-1-ene copolymerization under MAO-free and low-MAO conditions: The synthesis of highly statistical copolymers and their use in blending with HDPE. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
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Nifant'ev IE, Vinogradov AA, Vinogradov AA, Sadrtdinova GI, Komarov PD, Minyaev ME, Ilyin SO, Kiselev AV, Samurganova TI, Ivchenko PV. Synthesis, molecular structure and catalytic performance of heterocycle-fused cyclopentadienyl-amido CGC of Ti (IV) in ethylene (co)polymerization: The formation and precision rheometry of long-chain branched polyethylenes. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Zou B, Zhan Y, Xie X, Zhang T, Qiu R, Zhu F. Synthesis of ultrahigh-molecular-weight ethylene/1-octene copolymers with salalen titanium(iv) complexes activated by methyaluminoxane. RSC Adv 2022; 12:11715-11721. [PMID: 35481088 PMCID: PMC9010129 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00165a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two salalen titanium(iv) complexes ((H-salalen)TiCl2 and (F-salalen)TiCl2) containing hydrogen and fluorine respectively on the phenolate ring close to the imine were synthesized for the copolymerization of ethylene with 1-octene to prepare poly(ethylene-co-1-octene) in the presence of methylaluminoxane (MAO). The (F-salalen)TiCl2/MAO showed higher catalytic activity and better copolymer characteristics such as a higher molecular weight, narrower molecular weight distribution, and higher 1-octene incorporation than (H-salalen)TiCl2/MAO, which revealed that the electron-withdrawing conjugated effect introduced by fluorine substituents led to improvements on catalytic performance and thermal stability. The influences of copolymerization conditions including temperature, Al/Ti molar ratios and comonomer feed ratios on the copolymerization behavior of (F-salalen)TiCl2/MAO and the copolymer microstructure were investigated in detail. Under the activation of MAO, the (F-salalen)TiCl2 could produce ultrahigh molecular weight poly(ethylene-co-1-octene) with 1-octene incorporation ratios in the range of 0.9-3.1 mol% and exhibit relatively high activity. It could be inferred that long ethylene sequences in the copolymer were segregated by the isolated 1-octene units based on the 13C NMR characterization of the copolymer. Moreover, the thermal properties and crystallization of copolymers were determined by DSC and XRD and correlated to the ethylene sequence length distribution. The reactivity ratios calculated by the triad distribution in 13C NMR revealed the random comonomer distribution in the copolymer chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baokang Zou
- PCFM, GDHPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University 510275 China +86-20-84114033 +86-20-84113250
| | - Yipeng Zhan
- PCFM, GDHPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University 510275 China +86-20-84114033 +86-20-84113250
| | - Xiuli Xie
- PCFM, GDHPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University 510275 China +86-20-84114033 +86-20-84113250
| | - TongTong Zhang
- PCFM, GDHPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University 510275 China +86-20-84114033 +86-20-84113250
| | - Runkai Qiu
- PCFM, GDHPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University 510275 China +86-20-84114033 +86-20-84113250
| | - Fangming Zhu
- PCFM, GDHPPC Lab, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University 510275 China +86-20-84114033 +86-20-84113250
- Key Lab for Polymer Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
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Syntheses of Silylene-Bridged Thiophene-Fused Cyclopentadienyl ansa-Metallocene Complexes for Preparing High-Performance Supported Catalyst. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12030283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We synthesized a series of Me2Si-bridged ansa-zirconocene complexes coordinated by thiophene-fused cyclopentadienyl and fluorenyl ligands (Me2Si(2-R1-3-R2-4,5-Me2C7S)(2,7-R32C13H6))ZrMe2 (R1 = Me or H, R2 = H or Me, R3 = H, tBu, or Cl) for the subsequent preparation of supported catalysts. We determined that the fluorenyl ligand adopts an η3-binding mode in 9 (R1 = Me, R2 = H, R3 = H) by X-ray crystallography. Further, we synthesized a derivative 15 by substituting the fluorenyl ligand in 9 with a 2-methyl-4-(4-tert-butylphenyl)indenyl ligand, derivatives 20 and 23 by substituting the Me2Si bridge in 12 (R1 = Me, R2 = H, R3 = tBu) and 15 with a tBuO(CH2)6(Me)Si bridge, and the dinuclear congener 26 by connecting two complexes with a –(Me)Si(CH2)6Si(Me)– spacer. The silica-supported catalysts prepared using 12, 20, and 26 demonstrated up to two times higher productivity in ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization than that prepared with conventional (THI)ZrCl2 (21–26 vs. 12 kg-PE/g-(supported catalyst)), producing polymers with comparable molecular weight (Mw, 330–370 vs. 300 kDa), at a higher 1-hexene content (1.3 vs. 1.0 mol%) but a lower bulk density of polymer particles (0.35 vs. 0.42 g/mL).
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Lee HJ, Baek JW, Seo YH, Lee HC, Jeong SM, Lee J, Lee CG, Lee BY. Preparation of High-Purity Ammonium Tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate for the Activation of Olefin Polymerization Catalysts. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092827. [PMID: 34068755 PMCID: PMC8126221 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Homogeneous olefin polymerization catalysts are activated in situ with a co-catalyst ([PhN(Me)2-H]+[B(C6F5)4]− or [Ph3C]+[B(C6F5)4]−) in bulk polymerization media. These co-catalysts are insoluble in hydrocarbon solvents, requiring excess co-catalyst (>3 eq.). Feeding the activated species as a solution in an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent may be advantageous over the in situ activation method. In this study, highly pure and soluble ammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borates ([Me(C18H37)2N-H]+[B(C6F5)4]− and [(C18H37)2NH2]+[B(C6F5)4]−) containing neither water nor Cl− salt impurities were prepared easily via the acid–base reaction of [PhN(Me)2-H]+[B(C6F5)4]− and the corresponding amine. Using the prepared ammonium salts, the activation reactions of commercial-process-relevant metallocene (rac-[ethylenebis(tetrahydroindenyl)]Zr(Me)2 (1-ZrMe2), [Ph2C(Cp)(3,6-tBu2Flu)]Hf(Me)2 (3-HfMe2), [Ph2C(Cp)(2,7-tBu2Flu)]Hf(Me)2 (4-HfMe2)) and half-metallocene complexes ([(η5-Me4C5)Si(Me)2(κ-NtBu)]Ti(Me)2 (5-TiMe2), [(η5-Me4C5)(C9H9(κ-N))]Ti(Me)2 (6-TiMe2), and [(η5-Me3C7H1S)(C10H11(κ-N))]Ti(Me)2 (7-TiMe2)) were monitored in C6D12 with 1H NMR spectroscopy. Stable [L-M(Me)(NMe(C18H37)2)]+[B(C6F5)4]− species were cleanly generated from 1-ZrMe2, 3-HfMe2, and 4-HfMe2, while the species types generated from 5-TiMe2, 6-TiMe2, and 7-TiMe2 were unstable for subsequent transformation to other species (presumably, [L-Ti(CH2N(C18H37)2)]+[B(C6F5)4]−-type species). [L-TiCl(N(H)(C18H37)2)]+[B(C6F5)4]−-type species were also prepared from 5-TiCl(Me) and 6-TiCl(Me), which were newly prepared in this study. The prepared [L-M(Me)(NMe(C18H37)2)]+[B(C6F5)4]−-, [L-Ti(CH2N(C18H37)2)]+[B(C6F5)4]−-, and [L-TiCl(N(H)(C18H37)2)]+[B(C6F5)4]−-type species, which are soluble and stable in aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents, were highly active in ethylene/1-octene copolymerization performed in aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ju Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (J.-W.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-C.L.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Jun-Won Baek
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (J.-W.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-C.L.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Yeong-Hyun Seo
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (J.-W.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-C.L.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Hong-Cheol Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (J.-W.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-C.L.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Sun-Mi Jeong
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (J.-W.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-C.L.); (S.-M.J.)
| | - Junseong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Chong-Gu Lee
- Precious Catalysts Inc., 201 Duryu-gil, Angangeup, Gyeongju 38029, Korea;
| | - Bun-Yeoul Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (H.-J.L.); (J.-W.B.); (Y.-H.S.); (H.-C.L.); (S.-M.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-219-1844
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Bae SM, Jeong SM, Baek JW, Lee HJ, Kim H, Yoon Y, Chung S, Lee BY. Dinuclear metallocene complexes for high-performance supported catalysts. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Nifant'ev IE, Ivchenko PV, Vinogradov AA. Heterocycle-fused cyclopentadienyl metal complexes: Heterocene synthesis, structure and catalytic applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Nifant'ev IE, Ivchenko PV. Synthesis of Heteroarene‐Fused Cyclopentadienes and Related Compounds Suitable for Metallocene Preparation. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E. Nifant'ev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS Leninsky pr. 22 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry M.V. Lomonosov Moscow University Leninskie gory 1–3 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Pavel V. Ivchenko
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS Leninsky pr. 22 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry M.V. Lomonosov Moscow University Leninskie gory 1–3 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
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Preparation of Half- and Post-Metallocene Hafnium Complexes with Tetrahydroquinoline and Tetrahydrophenanthroline Frameworks for Olefin Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11071093. [PMID: 31252659 PMCID: PMC6680767 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hafnium complexes have drawn attention for their application as post-metallocene catalysts with unique performance in olefin polymerization. In this work, a series of half-metallocene HfMe2 complexes, bearing a tetrahydroquinoline framework, as well as a series of [Namido,N,Caryl]HfMe2-type post-metallocene complexes, bearing a tetrahydrophenanthroline framework, were prepared; the structures of the prepared Hf complexes were unambiguously confirmed by X-ray crystallography. When the prepared complexes were reacted with anhydrous [(C18H37)2N(H)Me]+[B(C6F5)4]−, desired ion-pair complexes, in which (C18H37)2NMe coordinated to the Hf center, were cleanly afforded. The activated complexes generated from the half-metallocene complexes were inactive for the copolymerization of ethylene/propylene, while those generated from post-metallocene complexes were active. Complex bearing bulky isopropyl substituents (12) exhibited the highest activity. However, the activity was approximately half that of the prototype pyridylamido-Hf Dow catalyst. The comonomer incorporation capability was also inferior to that of the pyridylamido-Hf Dow catalyst. However, 12 performed well in the coordinative chain transfer polymerization performed in the presence of (octyl)2Zn, converting all the fed (octyl)2Zn to (polyolefinyl)2Zn with controlled lengths of the polyolefinyl chain.
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Kwon SJ, Baek JW, Lee HJ, Kim TJ, Ryu JY, Lee J, Shin EJ, Lee KS, Lee BY. Preparation of Pincer Hafnium Complexes for Olefin Polymerization. Molecules 2019; 24:E1676. [PMID: 31035708 PMCID: PMC6540127 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pincer-type [Cnaphthyl, Npyridine, Namido]HfMe2 complex is a flagship among the post-metallocene catalysts. In this work, various pincer-type Hf-complexes were prepared for olefin polymerization. Pincer-type [Namido, Npyridine, Namido]HfMe2 complexes were prepared by reacting in situ generated HfMe4 with the corresponding ligand precursors, and the structure of a complex bearing 2,6-Et2C6H3Namido moieties was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. When the ligand precursors of [(CH3)R2Si-C5H3N-C(H)PhN(H)Ar (R = Me or Ph, Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) were treated with in situ generated HfMe4, pincer-type [Csilylmethyl, Npyridine, Namido]HfMe2 complexes were afforded by formation of Hf-CH2Si bond. Pincer-type [Cnaphthyl, Sthiophene, Namido]HfMe2 complex, where the pyridine moiety in the flagship catalyst was replaced with a thiophene unit, was not generated when the corresponding ligand precursor was treated with HfMe4. Instead, the [Sthiophene, Namido]HfMe3-type complex was obtained with no formation of the Hf-Cnaphthyl bond. A series of pincer-type [Cnaphthyl, Npyridine, Nalkylamido]HfMe2 complexes was prepared where the arylamido moiety in the flagship catalyst was replaced with alkylamido moieties (alkyl = iPr, cyclohexyl, tBu, adamantyl). Structures of the complexes bearing isopropylamido and adamantylamido moieties were confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Most of the complexes cleanly generated the desired ion-pair complexes when treated with an equivalent amount of [(C18H37)2N(H)Me]+[B(C6F5)4]-, which showed negligible activity in olefin polymerization. Some complexes bearing bulky substituents showed moderate activities, even though the desired ion-pair complexes were not cleanly afforded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Kwon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.
| | - Jun Won Baek
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.
| | - Hyun Ju Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.
| | - Tae Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.
| | - Ji Yeon Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.
| | - Junseong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.
| | - Eun Ji Shin
- LG Chem, Ltd., 188, Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-738, Korea.
| | - Ki Soo Lee
- LG Chem, Ltd., 188, Munji-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-738, Korea.
| | - Bun Yeoul Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea.
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Martin MC, Sandridge MJ, Williams CW, Francis ZA, France S. Dehydrative Nazarov-type electrocyclizations of alkenyl (hetero)aryl carbinols via calcium catalysis: Access to cyclopenta[b]thiophenes and indene derivatives. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Preparation of "Constrained Geometry" Titanium Complexes of [1,2]Azasilinane Framework for Ethylene/1-Octene Copolymerization. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020258. [PMID: 28208780 PMCID: PMC6155698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Me₂Si-bridged ansa-Cp/amido half-metallocene, [Me₂Si(η⁵-Me₄C₅)(NtBu)]TiCl₂, termed a "constrained-geometry catalyst (CGC)", is a representative homogeneous Ziegler catalyst. CGC derivatives with the [1,2]azasilinane framework, in which the amide alkyl substituent is joined by the Si-bridge, were prepared, and the catalytic performances of these species was studied. Me₄C₅HSi(Me)(CH₂CH=CH₂)-NH(C(R)(R')CH=CH₂) (R, R' = H or methyl; Me₄C₅H = tetramethylcyclopentadienyl) was susceptible to ring closure metathesis (RCM) when treated with Schrock's Mo-catalyst to afford -Si(Me₄C₅H)(Me)CH₂CH=CHC(R)(R')NH- containing a six-membered ring framework. Using the precursors and the products of RCM, various CGC derivatives, i.e., [-Si(η⁵-Me₄C₅)(Me)CH₂CH=CHC(R)(H)N-]TiMe₂ (13, R = H; 15, R = Me), [-Si(η⁵-Me₄C₅)(Me)CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂N]TiMe₂ (14), [(η⁵-Me₄C₅)Si(Me)(CH₂CH=CH₂)NCH₂CH=CH₂]TiMe₂ (16), [(η⁵-Me₄C₅)Si (Me)(CH=CH₂)NCH₂CH=CH₂]TiMe₂ (17), and [(η⁵-Me₄C₅)Si(Me)(CH₂CH₃)NCH₂CH₂CH₃]TiMe₂ (18), were prepared. The catalytic activity of the newly prepared complexes was lower than that of CGC when activated with [Ph₃C][B(C₆F₅)₄]/iBu₃Al. However, the catalytic activity of these species was improved by using tetrabutylaluminoxane ([iBu₂Al]₂O) instead of iBu₃Al and the activity of 14/[Ph₃C][B(C₆F₅)₄]/[iBu₂Al]₂O was comparable to that of CGC/[Ph₃C][B(C₆F₅)₄]/iBu₃Al (4.7 and 5.0 × 10⁶ g/mol-Ti, respectively). Advantageously, the newly prepared complexes produced higher molecular weight poly(ethylene-co-1-octene)s than CGC.
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Raju S, van Slagmaat CAMR, Lutz M, Kleijn H, Jastrzebski JTBH, Moret ME, Klein Gebbink RJM. Synthesis of Cyclopentadienyl-Based Tricarbonyl Rhenium Complexes and Some Unusual Reactivities of Cyclopentadienyl Substituents. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Raju
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis; Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Christian A. M. R. van Slagmaat
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis; Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lutz
- Crystal and Structural Chemistry; Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Padualaan 8 3584 CH Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik Kleijn
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis; Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Johann T. B. H. Jastrzebski
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis; Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marc-Etienne Moret
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis; Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Robertus J. M. Klein Gebbink
- Organic Chemistry and Catalysis; Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science; Faculty of Science; Utrecht University; Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
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Hwang EY, Park GH, Lee CS, Kang YY, Lee J, Lee BY. Preparation of octahydro- and tetrahydro-[1,10]phenanthroline zirconium and hafnium complexes for olefin polymerization. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:3845-55. [PMID: 25611680 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03683b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Post-metallocenes were constructed for olefin polymerization using 1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10-octahydro[1,10]phenanthroline and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro[1,10]phenanthroline derivatives. A series of zirconium complexes - LZrCl2(NHMe2)2 [L = 2,9-H2-C12H12N2 (4), 2,9-Me2-C12H12N2 (5), 2,9-nBu2-C12H12N2 (6), and 2,9-iPr2-C12H12N2 (7)] - and hafnium complexes - LHfCl2(NHMe2)2 [L = 2,9-H2-C12H12N2 (8), 2,9-Me2-C12H12N2 (9), 2,9-nBu2-C12H12N2 (10), and 2,9-iPr2-C12H12N2 (11)] - were synthesized via the reaction of octahydro[1,10]phenanthrolines (2,9-R2-C12H12(NH)2) with (Me2N)2MCl2 (DME). The reaction of 2,9-R2-C12H12(NH)2 with (PhCH2)2ZrCl2 in the presence of a small amount of THF afforded a series of THF adduct analogs, i.e., LZrCl2(THF)2 [L = 2,9-H2-C12H12N2 (12), 2,9-Me2-C12H12N2 (13), 2,9-nBu2-C12H12N2 (14), and 2,9-iPr2-C12H12N2 (15)]. The treatment of 12 and 13 with excess Me3Al resulted in the formation of unexpected complexes, i.e., (η(4)-LAlMe2)ZrCl2(Me) [L = 2,9-H2-C12H12N2 (16) and 2,9-Me2-C12H12N2 (17)], in which the Me2Al unit forms a five-membered ring through binding with the two nitrogen donors and the MeCl2Zr unit slips to an η(4)-binding mode containing the N-C-C-N fragment. The treatment of tetrahydro[1,10]phenanthrolines [2,9-R2-C12NH9(NH)] with M(CH2Ph)4 afforded tribenzyl zirconium complexes LZr(CH2Ph)3 - [L = 2,9-Me2-C12NH9N (18) and 2,9-nBu2-C12NH9N (19)] - and hafnium complexes - LHf(CH2Ph)3 [L = 2,9-Me2-C12NH9N (20), 2,9-nBu2-C12NH9N (21), and 2,9-iPr2-C12NH9N (22)]. The structures of 4, 5, 12, 17, and 22 were elucidated by X-ray crystallography. The newly prepared complexes were screened for ethylene/1-octene copolymerization activity: 12 and 16 were potent catalysts (activities of 74 × 10(6) g mol-Zr h(-1) at ∼120 °C under 30 bar ethylene) for the production of wax-like low-molecular weight polyethylene (Mn: ∼5000), which is widely used in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Yeong Hwang
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, South Korea
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16
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Chen R, Yao C, Wang M, Xie H, Wu C, Cui D. Synthesis of Heterocyclic-Fused Cyclopentadienyl Scandium Complexes and the Catalysis for Copolymerization of Ethylene and Dicyclopentadiene. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/om500992v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Runhai Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changguang Yao
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun
Branch, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiyan Wang
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and
Computational Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hongyan Xie
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun
Branch, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunji Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State
Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Lee CS, Park JH, Hwang EY, Park GH, Go MJ, Lee J, Lee BY. Preparation of [bis(amido)-phosphine] and [amido-phosphine sulfide or oxide] hafnium and zirconium complexes for olefin polymerization. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Jun SH, Park JH, Lee CS, Park SY, Go MJ, Lee J, Lee BY. Preparation of Phosphine-Amido Hafnium and Zirconium Complexes for Olefin Polymerization. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400899g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hae Jun
- Department
of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, South Korea
| | - Ji Hae Park
- Department
of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, South Korea
| | - Chun Sun Lee
- Department
of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, South Korea
| | - Seong Yeon Park
- Department
of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, South Korea
| | - Min Jeong Go
- Department
of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea
| | - Junseong Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea
| | - Bun Yeoul Lee
- Department
of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, South Korea
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Preparation of Thiophene-Fused and Tetrahydroquinoline-Linked Cyclopentadienyl Titanium Complexes for Ethylene/α-Olefin Copolymerization. Catalysts 2013. [DOI: 10.3390/catal3010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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20
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Lee MH, Park MH, Sung WY, Kim SK, Son A, Do Y. A biphenylene-bridged dinuclear constrained geometry titanium complex for ethylene and ethylene/1-octene polymerizations. J Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Li J, Gao W, Wu Q, Li H, Mu Y. Synthesis and structures of adamantyl-substituted constrained geometry cyclopentadienyl–phenoxytitanium complexes and their catalytic properties for olefin polymerization. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Preparation of half-titanocenes of thiophene-fused trimethylcyclopentadienyl ligands and their ethylene copolymerization reactivity. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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