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Cheva A, Chorti A, Boulogeorgou K, Chatzikyriakidou A, Achilla C, Bontinis V, Bontinis A, Milias S, Zarampoukas T, Bakkar SY, Papavramidis T. Sporadic Parathyroid Adenoma: A Pilot Study of Novel Biomarkers in Females. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1100. [PMID: 39064529 PMCID: PMC11279064 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60071100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Parathyroid adenoma is a distinct cause of primary hyperparathyroidism, with the vast majority being sporadic ones. Proteomic analysis of parathyroid adenomas has proposed a large number of related proteins. The aim of this study is to evaluate the immunohistochemical staining of ANXA2, MED12, MAPK1 and VDR in parathyroid adenoma tissue. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one parathyroid adenomas were analyzed for ANXA2, MED12, MAPK1 and VDR expressions. Tissue was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded parathyroid adenoma specimens; an immunohistochemical study was applied, and the percentage of allocation and intensity were evaluated. Results: ANXA2 stained positively in 60.8% of all cell types, while MED12 had positive staining in 66%. MAPK1 expression was found to be negative in total, although a specific pattern for oxyphil cells was observed, as they stained positive in 17.7%. Finally, VDR staining was positive at 22.8%, based on nuclear staining. Conclusions: These immunohistochemical results could be utilized as biomarkers for the diagnosis of sporadic parathyroid adenoma. It is of great importance that a distinct immunophenotype of nodule-forming cells in a positive adenoma could suggest a specific pattern of adenoma development, as in hereditary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Cheva
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, Aristotle University, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Chorti
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kassiani Boulogeorgou
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, Aristotle University, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anthoula Chatzikyriakidou
- Laboratory of Medical Biology—Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charoula Achilla
- Laboratory of Medical Biology—Genetics, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vangelis Bontinis
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alkis Bontinis
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefanos Milias
- Minimal Invasive Endocrine Surgery Department, Kyanos Stavros, Euromedica, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thomas Zarampoukas
- Laboratory of Pathology, Interbalkan Medical Center, 546 26 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sohail Y. Bakkar
- Endocrine & General Surgery, The Hashemite University, Amman 13133, Jordan
| | - Theodosios Papavramidis
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Science, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Minimal Invasive Endocrine Surgery Department, Kyanos Stavros, Euromedica, 546 36 Thessaloniki, Greece
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2
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Dettori C, Ronca F, Di Buono G, Saba A, Di Lupo F, Polini B, Ricardi C, Frascarelli S, Cetani F, Marcocci C, Zucchi R, Chiellini G, Scalese M, Saponaro F. Performance in Behavioral Testing in an Animal Model of Post-Surgical Hypoparathyroidism. J Pers Med 2024; 14:215. [PMID: 38392648 PMCID: PMC10890136 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is characterized by hypocalcemia and undetectable/inappropriately low PTH. Post-surgical HypoPT (PS-HypoPT) is the most common cause. Patients with PS-HypoPT present neuropsychological symptoms, probably due to the PTH deprivation in the central nervous system (CNS). However, these mechanisms are still not elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of PTH deprivation on CNS in an animal model of PS-HypoPT via a cognitive/behavioral assessment approach. METHODS A surgical rat model of PS-HypoPT was obtained and treated with calcium to maintain normocalcemia. Twenty PS-HypoPT rats and twenty sham-operated controls (Crl) underwent behavioral testing in a Morris Water Maze (MWM), Open Field (OF), and Elevated Plus Maze (EPM). RESULTS In the MWM, PTx rats showed a higher Escape Latency Time compared to Crl rats (p < 0.05); we observed a statistically significant improvement in the performance (day 1 to 8 p < 0.001), which was less pronounced in PTx group. In the OF test, the time and distance spent in the zone of interest were significantly lower in the PTx group compared with the Crl (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01). In the EPM experiment, the time spent in the close arm was significantly higher in the PTx group compared with the Crl (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This animal model of PS-HypoPT shows an impairment in spatial memory, which improved after training, and a marked anxiety-like behavior, resembling the condition of patients with PS-HypoPT. Further studies are needed to elucidate mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Dettori
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Ronca
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Di Buono
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Saba
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Lupo
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Polini
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Caterina Ricardi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sabina Frascarelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Filomena Cetani
- Endocrine Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Zucchi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Grazia Chiellini
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Scalese
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Saponaro
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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3
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Chorti A, Cheva A, Chatzikyriakidou A, Achilla C, Boulogeorgou K, Despoina K, Milias S, Zarampoukas T, Papavramidis T. Sporadic parathyroid adenoma: an updated review of molecular genetics. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1180211. [PMID: 37223014 PMCID: PMC10200975 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1180211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Primary HPT (PHPT) is a common disorder, affecting approximately 1% of the general population. Parathyroid adenomas emerge as non-familial sporadic in 90% of cases. The aim of this review is to give a detailed update of molecular genetics of sporadic parathyroid adenoma reported in international literature. Methods A bibliographic research was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Results Seventy-eight articles were included in our review. CaSR, MEN1, CCND1/PRAD, CDKI, angiogenic factors like VEGF, FGF, TGFβ, and IGF1, and apoptotic factors are important genes in parathyroid adenomas pathogenesis that have been established by several studies. A huge list of proteins is differently expressed in parathyroid adenomas measured by Western Blotting, MALDI/TOF, MS spectrometry, and immunohistochemistry. These proteins take part in several cell processes such as cell metabolism, cytoskeleton structural stability, cell oxidative stress regulation, cell death, transcription, translation, cell connection, and cell signaling transmission, while they can be found over- or underexpressed in abnormal tissues. Conclusion This review gives a detailed analysis of all reported data on genomics and proteomics of parathyroid adenoma. Further studies should be applied on understanding parathyroid adenoma pathogenesis and introducing new biomarkers for early detection of primary hyperparathyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Chorti
- 1st Propedeutic Department of Surgery, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Angeliki Cheva
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anthoula Chatzikyriakidou
- Laboratory of Medical Biology - Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charoula Achilla
- Laboratory of Medical Biology - Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kassiani Boulogeorgou
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Krokou Despoina
- 1st Propedeutic Department of Surgery, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stefanos Milias
- Minimal Invasive Endocrine Surgery Department, Kyanos Stavros, Euromedica, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thomas Zarampoukas
- Laboratory of Pathology, Interbalkan Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodossis Papavramidis
- 1st Propedeutic Department of Surgery, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Minimal Invasive Endocrine Surgery Department, Kyanos Stavros, Euromedica, Thessaloniki, Greece
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4
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Updates of Genomics and Proteomics of Parathyroid Carcinoma. ENDOCRINES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/endocrines3040061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare disease that needs an additional diagnostic tool and wide therapeutic options. The genomics and proteomics approach may help to find the tools to improve the prognosis of the disease by early detection and metastatic control. The findings from genomics were mainly CDC73, PRUNE2, CCND1, and genes related to PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Wnt pathways. CDC73, PRUNE2, and CCND1 were closely related to each other, and PRUNE2 and CCND1 genes are related to expression levels of parafibromin protein, which may aid in supporting the definite diagnosis of the disease. PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Wnt pathways could be a potential therapeutic target for the disease, which needs further basket trials to prove the concept. In this review, current findings from genomics and proteomics studies in parathyroid carcinoma were reviewed.
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5
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Ciregia F, Cetani F, Pardi E, Soggiu A, Piras C, Zallocco L, Borsari S, Ronci M, Caruso V, Marcocci C, Mazzoni MR, Lucacchini A, Giusti L. Parathyroid Carcinoma and Adenoma Co-existing in One Patient: Case Report and Comparative Proteomic Analysis. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2021; 18:781-796. [PMID: 34697069 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The lack of specific parathyroid carcinoma (PC) biomarkers in clinical practice points out the importance of analyzing the proteomic signature of this cancer. We performed a comparative proteomic analysis of PC and parathyroid adenoma (PA) co-existing in the same patient. PATIENTS AND METHODS PC and PA were taken from a 63-year-old patient. Using two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled to mass spectrometry we examined the differences between PC and PA proteins. For validation, additional PC and PA samples were obtained from 10 patients. Western blot analysis was used to validate the difference of expression observed with 2D-DIGE analysis. Bioinfomatic analysis was performed using QIAGEN's Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) to determine the predominant canonical pathways and interaction networks involved. RESULTS Thirty-three differentially expressed proteins were identified in PC compared to PA. Among these, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) was highly overexpressed in PC. The result was confirmed by Western Blot analysis in additional PC samples. CONCLUSION Our comparative proteomic analysis of co-existing neoplasms allowed detecting specific and peculiar differences between PC and PA overcoming population biological variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ciregia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Rheumatology, GIGA Research, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Filomena Cetani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Pardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessio Soggiu
- Surgical and Dental Sciences-One Health Unit, Department of Biomedical, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristian Piras
- Department of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario "S. Venuta", University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Simona Borsari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ronci
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vanni Caruso
- School of Pharmacy & Pharmacology - College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Claudio Marcocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Lucacchini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Giusti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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6
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Sun M, Wu X, Yu Y, Wang L, Xie D, Zhang Z, Chen L, Lu A, Zhang G, Li F. Disorders of Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism and the Proteomics/Metabolomics-Based Research. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:576110. [PMID: 33015068 PMCID: PMC7511772 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.576110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Since calcium and phosphorus play vital roles in a multitude of physiologic systems, disorders of calcium and phosphorus metabolism always lead to severe consequences such as skeletal-related and cardiovascular morbidity, or even life-threatening. Physiologically, the maintenance of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis is achieved via a variety of concerted actions of hormones such as parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF23), which could be regulated mainly at three organs, the intestine, kidney, and bone. Disruption of any organ or factor might lead to disorders of calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Currently, lacking of accurate diagnostic approaches and unknown molecular basis of pathophysiology will result in patients being unable to receive a precise diagnosis and personalized treatment timely. Therefore, it is urgent to identify early diagnostic biomarkers and develop therapeutic strategies. Fortunately, proteomics and metabolomics offer promising tools to discover novel indicators and further understanding of pathological mechanisms. Therefore, in this review, we will give a systematic introduction on PTH-1,25(OH)2D-FGF23 axis in the disorders of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, diagnostic biomarkers identified, and potential altered metabolic pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiheng Sun
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Wu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Duoli Xie
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong
| | - Zhenlin Zhang
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center of Bone Disease, Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Arthritis Research, Shanghai Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fangfei Li
- Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tsai, Hong Kong.,Institute of Precision Medicine and Innovative Drug Discovery, HKBU Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen, China
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7
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Arya AK, Bhadada SK, Singh P, Dahiya D, Kaur G, Sharma S, Saikia UN, Behera A, Rao SD, Bhasin M. Quantitative proteomics analysis of sporadic parathyroid adenoma tissue samples. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:577-590. [PMID: 30284223 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0958-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Molecular pathogenesis of parathyroid tumors is incompletely understood. Identification of novel molecules and understanding their role in parathyroid tumorigenesis by proteomics approach would be informative with potential clinical implications. METHOD Adenomatous (n = 5) and normal (n = 2) parathyroid tissue lysates were analyzed for protein profile by LC-MS/MS method and the proteins were classified using bioinformatics tools such as PANTHER and toppfun functional enrichment tool. Identified proteins were further validated by western blotting and qRT-PCR (n = 20). RESULT Comparative proteomics analysis revealed that a total of 206 proteins (74 upregulated and 132 downregulated) were differentially expressed (≥ twofold change) in adenomas. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that 48 proteins were associated with plasma membrane, 49 with macromolecular complex, 39 were cytoplasm, 38 were organelle related, 21 were cell junction and 10 were extracellular proteins. These proteins belonged to a diverse protein family such as enzymes, transcription factors, cell signalling, cell adhesion, cytoskeleton proteins, receptors, and calcium-binding proteins. The major biological processes predicted for the proteins were a cellular, metabolic and developmental process, cellular localization, and biological regulation. The differentially expressed proteins were found to be associated with MAPK, phospholipase C (PLC) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) signalling pathways, and with chromatin organization. Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis of three proteins (DNAJC2, ACO2, and PRDX2) validated the LC-MS/MS findings. CONCLUSION This exploratory study demonstrates the feasibility of proteomics approach in finding the dysregulated proteins in benign parathyroid adenomas, and our preliminary results suggest that MAPK, PLC and PI signalling pathways and chromatin organization are involved in parathyroid tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Arya
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Room No. 2, 4th Floor Block-F, Nehru Hospital, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - S K Bhadada
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Room No. 2, 4th Floor Block-F, Nehru Hospital, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - P Singh
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Room No. 2, 4th Floor Block-F, Nehru Hospital, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - D Dahiya
- Department of General Surgery, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - G Kaur
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Room No. 2, 4th Floor Block-F, Nehru Hospital, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - S Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - U N Saikia
- Department of Histopathology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - A Behera
- Department of General Surgery, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - S D Rao
- Bone and Mineral Research Laboratory, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, USA
| | - M Bhasin
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Lu M, Kjellin H, Fotouhi O, Lee L, Nilsson IL, Haglund F, Höög A, Lehtiö J, Larsson C. Molecular profiles of oxyphilic and chief cell parathyroid adenoma. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 470:84-95. [PMID: 28986304 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Parathyroid adenomas may be composed of chief cells (conventional or water-clear), oxyphilic cells or a mixture of both cells. The molecular background is rarely studied. OBJECTIVE To molecularly characterize parathyroid adenomas of different cell type composition. DESIGN Chief and oxyphilic cell adenomas were compared in a cohort of 664 sporadic cases. Extensive analyses of parathyroid tissues were performed in subgroup. Gene expressions of known parathyroid-related genes were quantified by qRT-PCR. Protein expression profiles determined by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were compared between each type of parathyroid adenomas. Selected proteins were analysed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Patients with oxyphilic cell adenoma were found to be older at the time of operation than chief cell adenoma cases but did not differ in gender, serum calcium or tumor weight. The gene expression of CASR, VDR, FGFR1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, PTHLH, GCM2, NDUFA13, CDKN1B, MEN1 and CNND1 did not differ between the groups. VDR protein levels were weaker in oxyphilic adenomas. The proteomic studies identified a set of novel dysregulated proteins of interest such as nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group C member 2 (TR4), LIM domain only protein 3 (LMO3) and calcium-binding protein B (S100B). LMO3 and S100B showed higher expression in oxyphilic adenoma and may be involve in parathyroid tumorgenesis through the p53 pathway. TR4 showed different subcellular localisation between adenoma and normal rim. CONCLUSION Chief and oxyphilic cell parathyroid adenomas have partly overlapping but also distinct molecular profiles. The calmodulin-eEF2K, TR4 and p53 pathways may be involved in the tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lu
- Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Cancer Centre Karolinska, CCK, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Hanna Kjellin
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Omid Fotouhi
- Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Cancer Centre Karolinska, CCK, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linkiat Lee
- Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Cancer Centre Karolinska, CCK, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inga-Lena Nilsson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felix Haglund
- Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Cancer Centre Karolinska, CCK, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Höög
- Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Cancer Centre Karolinska, CCK, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Janne Lehtiö
- Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Catharina Larsson
- Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Cancer Centre Karolinska, CCK, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Koh J, Hogue JA, Roman SA, Scheri RP, Fradin H, Corcoran DL, Sosa JA. Transcriptional profiling reveals distinct classes of parathyroid tumors in PHPT. Endocr Relat Cancer 2018; 25:407-420. [PMID: 29475894 PMCID: PMC5826637 DOI: 10.1530/erc-17-0470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The clinical presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) varies widely, although the underlying mechanistic reasons for this disparity remain unknown. We recently reported that parathyroid tumors can be functionally segregated into two distinct groups on the basis of their relative responsiveness to ambient calcium, and that patients in these groups differ significantly in their likelihood of manifesting bone disability. To examine the molecular basis for this phenotypic variation in PHPT, we compared the global gene expression profiles of calcium-sensitive and calcium-resistant parathyroid tumors. RNAseq and proteomic analysis identified a candidate set of differentially expressed genes highly correlated with calcium-sensing capacity. Subsequent quantitative assessment of the expression levels of these genes in an independent cohort of parathyroid tumors confirmed that calcium-sensitive tumors cluster in a discrete transcriptional profile group. These data indicate that PHPT is not an etiologically monolithic disorder and suggest that divergent molecular mechanisms could drive the observed phenotypic differences in PHPT disease course, provenance, and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Koh
- Dept. of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center
- To whom reprint requests should be addressed: James Koh, Ph.D., Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, Phone: 919-684-0892, FAX: 919-681-6622,
| | - Joyce A. Hogue
- Dept. of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | | | | | | | | | - Julie A. Sosa
- Dept. of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
- Dept. of Medicine, Duke University
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Medical Center
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center
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Akpinar G, Kasap M, Canturk NZ, Zulfigarova M, Islek EE, Guler SA, Simsek T, Canturk Z. Proteomics Analysis of Tissue Samples Reveals Changes in Mitochondrial Protein Levels in Parathyroid Hyperplasia over Adenoma. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 14:197-211. [PMID: 28446534 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To unveil the pathophysiology of primary hyperparathyroidism, molecular details of parathyroid hyperplasia and adenoma have to be revealed. Such details will provide the tools necessary for differentiation of these two look-alike diseases. Therefore, in the present study, a comparative proteomic study using postoperative tissue samples from the parathyroid adenoma and parathyroid hyperplasia patients was performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Protein extracts were prepared from tissue samples (n=8 per group). Protein pools were created for each group and subjected to DIGE and conventional 2DE. Following image analysis, spots representing the differentially regulated proteins were excised from the and used for identification via MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis. RESULTS The identities of 40 differentially-expressed proteins were revealed. Fourteen of these proteins were over-expressed in the hyperplasia while 26 of them were over-expressed in the adenoma. CONCLUSION Most proteins found to be over-expressed in the hyperplasia samples were mitochondrial, underlying the importance of the mitochondrial activity as a potential biomarker for differentiation of parathyroid hyperplasia from adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurler Akpinar
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey .,DEKART Proteomics Laboratory, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Murat Kasap
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.,DEKART Proteomics Laboratory, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Nuh Zafer Canturk
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Mehin Zulfigarova
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.,DEKART Proteomics Laboratory, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Eylül Ece Islek
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey.,DEKART Proteomics Laboratory, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Sertac Ata Guler
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Turgay Simsek
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Canturk
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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11
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Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common disorder in which parathyroid hormone (PTH) is excessively secreted from one or more of the four parathyroid glands. A single benign parathyroid adenoma is the cause in most people. However, multiglandular disease is not rare and is typically seen in familial PHPT syndromes. The genetics of PHPT is usually monoclonal when a single gland is involved and polyclonal when multiglandular disease is present. The genes that have been implicated in PHPT include proto-oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes. Hypercalcaemia is the biochemical hallmark of PHPT. Usually, the concentration of PTH is frankly increased but can remain within the normal range, which is abnormal in the setting of hypercalcaemia. Normocalcaemic PHPT, a variant in which the serum calcium level is persistently normal but PTH levels are increased in the absence of an obvious inciting stimulus, is now recognized. The clinical presentation of PHPT varies from asymptomatic disease (seen in countries where biochemical screening is routine) to classic symptomatic disease in which renal and/or skeletal complications are observed. Management guidelines have recently been revised to help the clinician to decide on the merits of a parathyroidectomy or a non-surgical course. This Primer covers these areas with particular attention to the epidemiology, clinical presentations, genetics, evaluation and guidelines for the management of PHPT.
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Varshney S, Bhadada SK, Arya AK, Sharma S, Behera A, Bhansali A, Rao SD. Changes in parathyroid proteome in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism due to sporadic parathyroid adenomas. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2014; 81:614-20. [PMID: 24766412 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The pathogenesis of parathyroid tumours is only partially understood. A direct approach using proteomics could be a promising tool to increase our understanding of parathyroid tumorigenesis. The aim of the study was to investigate differentially expressed proteins to explore the underlying molecular basis of the disease and identify potential target proteins responsible for the genesis of adenoma. METHODS Proteins were extracted from adenomatous and normal parathyroid tissues. Differentially expressed proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-D) and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis was performed using spss 10.01 software. RESULTS Comparative analysis of the 2-D profiles of proteins isolated from adenomatous and normal parathyroid tissues showed 15 differentially expressed proteins, of which 11 were overexpressed. The characterized proteins were associated with diverse cellular functions including regulation of cell organization, programmed cell death, transcription and signal transduction. CONCLUSION The differentially expressed proteins in parathyroid adenomas may potentially serve as new targets to investigate the mechanisms of parathyroid adenoma transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Varshney
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Giusti L, Cetani F, Da Valle Y, Pardi E, Ciregia F, Donadio E, Gargini C, Piano I, Borsari S, Jaber A, Caputo A, Basolo F, Giannaccini G, Marcocci C, Lucacchini A. First evidence of TRPV5 and TRPV6 channels in human parathyroid glands: possible involvement in neoplastic transformation. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:1944-52. [PMID: 25164318 PMCID: PMC4244010 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The parathyroid glands play an overall regulatory role in the systemic calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the presence of the Ca2+ channels transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) 5 and TRPV6 in human parathyroid glands. Semi-quantitative and quantitative PCR was carried out to evaluate the presence of TRPV5 and TRPV6 mRNAs in sporadic parathyroid adenomas and normal parathyroid glands. Western blot and immunocytochemical assays were used to assess protein expression, cellular localization and time expression in primary cultures from human parathyroid adenoma. TRPV5 and TRPV6 transcripts were then identified both in normal and pathological tissues. Predominant immunoreactive bands were detected at 75–80 kD for both vanilloid channels. These channels co-localized with the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) on the membrane surface, but immunoreactivity was also detected in the cytosol and around the nuclei. Our data showed that western blotting recorded an increase of protein expression of both channels in adenoma samples compared with normal glands suggesting a potential relation with the cell calcium signalling pathway and the pathological processes of these glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Giusti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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14
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Giusti L, Da Valle Y, Bonotti A, Donadio E, Ciregia F, Ventroni T, Foddis R, Giannaccini G, Guglielmi G, Cristaudo A, Lucacchini A. Comparative proteomic analysis of malignant pleural mesothelioma evidences an altered expression of nuclear lamin and filament-related proteins. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014; 8:258-68. [PMID: 24415579 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201300052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malignant mesothelioma is a neoplastic disease linked to asbestos exposure whose diagnosis is limited, so detection methods for an early diagnosis and treatment result essential. Here, we compared proteomic profiles of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and benign biopsies to search potential biomarkers useful in differential diagnosis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Tissue biopsies were obtained from 53 patients who were subjected to a diagnostic thoracoscopy. 2DE/MS based approach was used for proteomic analysis and protein validation was carried out by Western blot analysis versus benign and lung carcinoma samples. RESULTS Among the proteins identified we confirmed known MPM biomarkers such as calretinin and suggested the new ones as prelamin A/C, desmin, vimentin, calretinin, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A, myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform, myosin light chain 3 and myosin light chain 6B. Ingenuity software was used to identify the biological processes to which these proteins belong and to construct a potential network. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Overall, our results suggest potential biomarkers that can be useful in occupational medicine for the early identification of the onset of disease in health surveillance of past asbestos-exposed workers, for monitoring the progress of disease and for assessing the response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Giusti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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15
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Donadio E, Giusti L, Seccia V, Ciregia F, da Valle Y, Dallan I, Ventroni T, Giannaccini G, Sellari-Franceschini S, Lucacchini A. New insight into benign tumours of major salivary glands by proteomic approach. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71874. [PMID: 24205396 PMCID: PMC3796443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Major salivary gland tumours are uncommon neoplasms of the head and neck. The increase of precise pre-operative diagnosis is crucial for their correct management and the identification of molecular markers would surely improve the required accuracy. In this study we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of fine needle aspiration fluids of the most frequent benign neoplasms of major salivary glands, namely pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin's tumour, in order to draw their proteomic profiles and to point out their significant features. Thirty-five patients submitted to parotidectomy were included in the study, 22 were identified to have pleomorphic adenoma and 14 Warthin's tumour. Fine needle aspiration samples were processed using a two-dimensional electrophoresis/mass spectrometry-based approach. A total of 26 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Ingenuity software was used to search the biological processes to which these proteins belong and to construct potential networks. Intriguingly, all Warthin's tumour up-regulated proteins such as Ig gamma-1 chain C region, Ig kappa chain C region and Ig alpha-1 chain C region and S100A9 were correlated to immunological and inflammatory diseases, while pleomorphic adenomas such as annexin A1, annexin A4, macrophage-capping protein, apolipoprotein E and alpha crystalline B chain were associated with cell death, apoptosis and tumorigenesis, showing different features of two benign tumours. Overall, our results shed new light on the potential usefulness of a proteomic approach to study parotid tumours and in particular up regulated proteins are able to discriminate two types of benign parotid lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Donadio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Giusti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Veronica Seccia
- 1st Ear Nose Throat Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Iacopo Dallan
- 1st Ear Nose Throat Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
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Abstract
Parathyroid cancer is rare, but often fatal, as preoperative identification of malignancy against the backdrop of benign parathyroid disease is challenging. Advanced genetic, laboratory and imaging techniques can help to identify parathyroid cancer. In patients with clinically suspected parathyroid cancer, malignancy of any individual lesion is established by three criteria: demonstration of metastasis, specific ultrasonographic features, and a ratio >1 for the results of third-generation:second-generation parathyroid hormone assays. Positive findings for all three criteria dictate an oncological surgical approach, as appropriate radical surgery can achieve a cure. Mutation screening pinpoints associated conditions and asymptomatic carriers. Molecular profiling of tumour cells can identify high-risk features, such as differential expression of specific micro-RNAs and proteins, and germ line mutations in CDC73, but is unsuitable for preoperative assessment owing to the potential risks associated with biopsy. A validated, histopathology-based prognostic classification can identify patients in need of close follow-up and adjuvant therapy, and should prove valuable to stratify clinical trial cohorts: low-risk patients rarely die from parathyroid cancer, even on long-term follow-up, whereas 5-year mortality in high-risk patients is around 50%. This insight has improved the approach to parathyroid cancer by enabling risk-adapted surgery and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus-Martin Schulte
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, King's Health Partners, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, UK. klaus-martin.schulte@ nhs.net
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17
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Volpi E, Giusti L, Ciregia F, Da Valle Y, Giannaccini G, Berti S, Clerico A, Lucacchini A. Platelet proteome and clopidogrel response in patients with stable angina undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Clin Biochem 2012; 45:758-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Proteomic approach used in the diagnosis of Riedel's thyroiditis: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2012; 6:103. [PMID: 22480342 PMCID: PMC3349472 DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-6-103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Riedel's thyroiditis, a rare thyroid disease, can be difficult to diagnose prior to surgical removal and can be confused with malignancy both clinically and cytologically. Case presentation We report the case of a 72-year-old Caucasian woman who presented with a goiter, which showed a rapid increase in size at ultrasound check, suggesting malignancy. Because of inconclusive cytology, a total thyroidectomy was performed. Fine-needle aspiration of the removed thyroid was processed by two-dimensional electrophoresis, and the proteome was compared with both anaplastic cancer and control samples. Significant differentially expressed protein spots were identified by Western blot analysis by using specific antibodies. Conclusions The protein pattern of Riedel's fine-needle aspiration revealed a superimposition with that of the control samples. The comparison of the protein pattern of Riedel's thyroiditis fine-needle aspiration with that of anaplastic cancer showed evidence of a different expression of ferritin heavy chains, ferritin light chains, and haptoglobins, as previously reported in thyroid cancers. Therefore, we performed Western blot analysis of these proteins and validated that their expression levels were low or absent in Riedel's thyroiditis and control samples despite the high concentrations present in fine-needle aspiration anaplastic samples. The concurrent absent or low expression levels of haptoglobin, ferritin light chain, and ferritin heavy chain in Riedel's thyroiditis fine-needle aspiration samples strongly indicate the benign nature of the thyroid lesion. These results suggest the potential applicability of fine-needle aspiration proteome analysis for Riedel's thyroiditis diagnosis.
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Giusti L, Iacconi P, Valle YD, Ciregia F, Ventroni T, Donadio E, Giannaccini G, Chiarugi M, Torregrossa L, Proietti A, Basolo F, Lucacchini A. A proteomic profile of washing fluid from the colorectal tract to search for potential biomarkers of colon cancer. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2012; 8:1088-99. [DOI: 10.1039/c2mb05394b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Alvelos MI, Mendes M, Soares P. Molecular alterations in sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism. GENETICS RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2011; 2011:275802. [PMID: 22567348 PMCID: PMC3335633 DOI: 10.4061/2011/275802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Revised: 07/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a frequent endocrine disorder
characterized by an excessive autonomous production and release of
parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid glands. This
endocrinopathy may result from the development of a benign lesion
(adenoma or hyperplasia) or from a carcinoma. Most of the PHPT cases
occur sporadically; however, approximately 10% of the patients
present a familial form of the disease. The molecular mechanisms
underlying the pathogenesis of sporadic PHPT are incompletely
understood, even though somatic alterations in MEN1
gene and CCND1 protein overexpression are frequently observed. The
MEN1 gene is mutated in about 30% of the
parathyroid tumours and the protooncogene CCND1 is
implicated in parathyroid neoplasia by rearrangements, leading to an
overexpression of CCND1 protein in parathyroid cells. The aim of this
work is to briefly update the molecular alterations underlying
sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Inês Alvelos
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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Evaluation of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues in the proteomic analysis of parathyroid glands. Proteome Sci 2011; 9:29. [PMID: 21651755 PMCID: PMC3123619 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-9-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Proteomic research in the field of parathyroid tissues is limited by the very small dimension of the glands and by the low incidence of cancer lesions (1%). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens are a potentially valuable resource for discovering protein cancer biomarkers. In this study we have verified the applicability of a heat induced protein extraction from FFPE parathyroid adenoma tissues followed by a gel-based or gel-free proteomic approach in order to achieve protein separation and identification. Results The best results for high quality MS spectra and parameters, were obtained by using a gel-free approach, and up to 163 unique proteins were identified. Similar results were obtained by applying both SDS-out and SDS-out + TCA/Acetone techniques during the gel-free method. Western blot analysis carried out with specific antibodies suggested that the antigenicity was not always preserved, while specific immunoreactions were detected for calmodulin, B box and SPRY domain-containing protein (BSPRY), peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX 6) and parvalbumin. Conclusions In spite of some limitations mainly due to the extensive formalin-induced covalent cross-linking, our results essentially suggest the applicability of a proteomic approach to FFPE parathyroid specimens. From our point of view, FFPE extracts might be an alternative source, especially in the validation phase of protein biomarkers when a large cohort of samples is required and the low availability of frozen tissues might be constraining.
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