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Smith BP, Truax NJ, Pollatos AS, Meanwell M, Bedekar P, Garrido-Castro AF, Baran PS. Total Synthesis of Dragocins A-C through Electrochemical Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401107. [PMID: 38358802 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of dragocins A-C, remarkable natural products containing an unusual C4' oxidized ribose architecture bridged by a polyhydroxylated pyrrolidine, is presented through a route featuring a number of uncommon maneuvers. Several generations towards the target molecules are presented, including the spectacular failure of a key C-H oxidation on a late-stage intermediate. The final route features rapid, stereocontrolled access to a densely functionalized pyrrolidine and an unprecedented diastereoselective oxidative electrochemical cyclization to forge the hallmark 9-membered ring. Preliminary studies suggest this electrochemical oxidation protocol is generally useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendyn P Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Nathanyal J Truax
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Alexandros S Pollatos
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Michael Meanwell
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Dr NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N4, Canada
| | - Pranali Bedekar
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Alberto F Garrido-Castro
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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2
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Guchhait S, Khononov A, Pieńko T, Belakhov V, Baasov T. Balancing Nonsense Mutation Readthrough and Toxicity of Designer Aminoglycosides for Treatment of Genetic Diseases. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:794-801. [PMID: 37312846 PMCID: PMC10258827 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
New derivatives of aminoglycosides with a side chain 1,2-aminoalcohol at the 5" position of ring III were designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated. The novel lead structure (compound 6), exhibiting substantially enhanced selectivity toward eukaryotic versus prokaryotic ribosome, high readthrough activity, and considerably lower toxicity than the previous lead compounds, was discovered. Balanced readthrough activity and toxicity of 6 were demonstrated in three different nonsense DNA-constructs underlying the genetic diseases, cystic fibrosis and Usher syndrome, and in two different cell lines, baby hamster kidney and human embryonic kidney cells. Molecular dynamics simulations within the A site of the 80S yeast ribosome demonstrated a remarkable kinetic stability of 6, which potentially determines its high readthrough activity.
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Belakhov VV, Boikova IV, Krasnobaeva IL, Kolodyaznaya VA. Preparation and Insecticidal Activity of Organosulfur Derivatives of β-D-Ribofuranoside. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363222130114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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4
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Belakhov VV. Polyfunctional Drugs: Search, Development, Use in Medical Practice, and Environmental Aspects of Preparation and Application (A Review). RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363222130047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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5
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Belakhov VV, Boikova IV, Krasnobaeva IL, Kolodyaznaya VA. Preparation and Insecticidal Activity of the First Organofluorine Insecticide Based on β-D-Ribofuranoside Monosaccharide. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221130181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Popadynec M, Baradaran-Heravi A, Alford B, Cameron SA, Clinch K, Mason JM, Rendle PM, Zubkova OV, Gan Z, Liu H, Rebollo O, Whitfield DM, Yan F, Roberge M, Powell DA. Reducing the Toxicity of Designer Aminoglycosides as Nonsense Mutation Readthrough Agents for Therapeutic Targets. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1486-1492. [PMID: 34531957 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant proportion of genetic disease cases arise from truncation of proteins caused by premature termination codons. In eukaryotic cells some aminoglycosides cause readthrough of premature termination codons during protein translation. Inducing readthrough of these codons can potentially be of therapeutic value in the treatment of numerous genetic diseases. A significant drawback to the repeated use of aminoglycosides as treatments is the lack of balance between their readthrough efficacy and toxicity. The synthesis and biological testing of designer aminoglycoside compounds is documented herein. We disclose the implementation of a strategy to reduce cellular toxicity and maintain readthrough activity of a library of compounds by modification of the overall cationic charge of the aminoglycoside scaffold through ring I modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Popadynec
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Alireza Baradaran-Heravi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Benjamin Alford
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Scott A. Cameron
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Keith Clinch
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer M. Mason
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Phillip M. Rendle
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Olga V. Zubkova
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Zhonghong Gan
- Sussex Research Laboratories, Inc., 100 Sussex Drive, Suite 1120B, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Hui Liu
- Sussex Research Laboratories, Inc., 100 Sussex Drive, Suite 1120B, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Oscar Rebollo
- Sussex Research Laboratories, Inc., 100 Sussex Drive, Suite 1120B, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Dennis M. Whitfield
- Sussex Research Laboratories, Inc., 100 Sussex Drive, Suite 1120B, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Fengyang Yan
- Sussex Research Laboratories, Inc., 100 Sussex Drive, Suite 1120B, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Michel Roberge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - David A. Powell
- Inception Sciences Canada, 210-887 Great Northern Way, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5T 4T5, Canada
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7
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Belakhov VV, Boikova IV, Kolodyaznaya VA. Synthesis and Insecticidal Activity of 5-C-Phosphonate Derivatives of Aryl-1-thio-β-D-ribofuranoside. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363220100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Cheng WC, Liu WJ, Hu KH, Tan YL, Lin YT, Chen WA, Lo LC. Rapid Synthesis of a Natural Product-Inspired Uridine Containing Library. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2020; 22:600-607. [PMID: 32833425 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.0c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of natural product-inspired nucleoside analogs using solution-phase parallel synthesis is described. The key intermediates containing alkyne and N-protected amino moieties were developed to allow for further skeleton and substituent diversity using click chemistry and urea or amide bond formation. Rapid purification was accomplished using solid-phase extraction. The obtained library comprised 80 molecules incorporating two diversity positions and one chiral center, each of which was efficiently prepared in good purity and acceptable overall yield. A bacterial morphology study was also performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ju Liu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Hsiang Hu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Ling Tan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ting Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Wei-An Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Chiang Lo
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
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9
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Belakhov VV, Boikova IV, Krasnobaeva IL, Kolodyaznaya VA. Synthesis and Insecticidal Activity of β-D-Ribofuranoside Phosphate Derivatives. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363220070129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Ren H, Xie W, Xiong B, Shen J, Chen G, Chen YL. Stereoselective addition of Grignard reagents to (2-methyl-5-tert-butyl)phenyl 1-thio-β-D-ribopentodialdo-1,4-furanoside derivative. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Keeling KM. Nonsense Suppression as an Approach to Treat Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Diseases 2016; 4:32. [PMID: 28367323 PMCID: PMC5370586 DOI: 10.3390/diseases4040032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In-frame premature termination codons (PTCs) (also referred to as nonsense mutations) comprise ~10% of all disease-associated gene lesions. PTCs reduce gene expression in two ways. First, PTCs prematurely terminate translation of an mRNA, leading to the production of a truncated polypeptide that often lacks normal function and/or is unstable. Second, PTCs trigger degradation of an mRNA by activating nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), a cellular pathway that recognizes and degrades mRNAs containing a PTC. Thus, translation termination and NMD are putative therapeutic targets for the development of treatments for genetic diseases caused by PTCs. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in the identification of compounds with the ability to suppress translation termination of PTCs (also referred to as readthrough). More recently, NMD inhibitors have also been explored as a way to enhance the efficiency of PTC suppression. Due to their relatively low threshold for correction, lysosomal storage diseases are a particularly relevant group of diseases to investigate the feasibility of nonsense suppression as a therapeutic approach. In this review, the current status of PTC suppression and NMD inhibition as potential treatments for lysosomal storage diseases will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Keeling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Gregory Fleming Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, Comprehensive Arthritis, Musculoskeletal, Bone, and Autoimmunity Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; ; Tel.: +1-205-975-6585
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12
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Sabbavarapu NM, Shavit M, Degani Y, Smolkin B, Belakhov V, Baasov T. Design of Novel Aminoglycoside Derivatives with Enhanced Suppression of Diseases-Causing Nonsense Mutations. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:418-23. [PMID: 27096052 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
New pseudotrisaccharide derivatives of aminoglycosides that exploit additional interaction on the shallow groove face of the decoding-site rRNA of eukaryotic ribosome were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated. Novel lead structures (6 and 7 with an additional 7'-OH), exhibiting enhanced specificity to eukaryotic cytoplasmic ribosome, and superior nonsense mutation suppression activity than those of gentamicin, were discovered. The comparative benefit of new leads was demonstrated in four different nonsense DNA-constructs underling the genetic diseases cystic fibrosis, Usher syndrome, and Hurler syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayana Murthy Sabbavarapu
- The Edith
and Joseph Fischer
Enzyme Inhibitors Laboratory, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Michal Shavit
- The Edith
and Joseph Fischer
Enzyme Inhibitors Laboratory, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yarden Degani
- The Edith
and Joseph Fischer
Enzyme Inhibitors Laboratory, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Boris Smolkin
- The Edith
and Joseph Fischer
Enzyme Inhibitors Laboratory, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Valery Belakhov
- The Edith
and Joseph Fischer
Enzyme Inhibitors Laboratory, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Timor Baasov
- The Edith
and Joseph Fischer
Enzyme Inhibitors Laboratory, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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13
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Velho RV, Sperb-Ludwig F, Schwartz IVD. New approaches to the treatment of orphan genetic disorders: Mitigating molecular pathologies using chemicals. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2015; 87:1375-88. [PMID: 26247150 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201520140711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advance and popularization of molecular techniques, the identification of genetic mutations that cause diseases has increased dramatically. Thus, the number of laboratories available to investigate a given disorder and the number of subsequent diagnosis have increased over time. Although it is necessary to identify mutations and provide diagnosis, it is also critical to develop specific therapeutic approaches based on this information. This review aims to highlight recent advances in mutation-targeted therapies with chemicals that mitigate mutational pathology at the molecular level, for disorders that, for the most part, have no effective treatment. Currently, there are several strategies being used to correct different types of mutations, including the following: the identification and characterization of translational readthrough compounds; antisense oligonucleotide-mediated splicing redirection; mismatch repair; and exon skipping. These therapies and other approaches are reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata V Velho
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, BR
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14
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Translational read-through as an alternative approach for ocular gene therapy of retinal dystrophies caused by in-frame nonsense mutations. Vis Neurosci 2014; 31:309-16. [DOI: 10.1017/s0952523814000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe eye has become an excellent target for gene therapy, and gene augmentation therapy of inherited retinal disorders has made major progress in recent years. Nevertheless, a recent study indicated that gene augmentation intervention might not stop the progression of retinal degeneration in patients. In addition, for many genes, viral-mediated gene augmentation is currently not feasible due to gene size and limited packaging capacity of viral vectors as well as expression of various heterogeneous isoforms of the target gene. Thus, alternative gene-based strategies to stop or delay the retinal degeneration are necessary. This review focuses on an alternative pharmacologic treatment strategy based on the usage of translational read-through inducing drugs (TRIDs) such as PTC124, aminoglycoside antibiotics, and designer aminoglycosides for overreading in-frame nonsense mutations. This strategy has emerged as an option for up to 30–50% of all cases of recessive hereditary retinal dystrophies. In-frame nonsense mutations are single-nucleotide alterations within the gene coding sequence resulting in a premature stop codon. Consequently, translation of such mutated genes leads to the synthesis of truncated proteins, which are unable to fulfill their physiologic functions. In this context, application of TRIDs facilitates the recoding of the premature termination codon into a sense codon, thus restoring syntheses of full-length proteins. So far, clinical trials for non-ocular diseases have been initiated for diverse TRIDs. Although the clinical outcome is not analyzed in detail, an excellent safety profile, namely for PTC124, was clearly demonstrated. Moreover, recent data demonstrated sustained read-through efficacies of nonsense mutations causing retinal degeneration, as manifested in the human Usher syndrome. In addition, a strong retinal biocompatibility for PTC124 and designer aminoglycosides has been demonstrated. In conclusion, recent progress emphasizes the potential of TRIDs as an alternative pharmacologic treatment strategy for treating nonsense mutation-based retinal disorders.
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15
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Mavridis I, Kythreoti G, Koltsida K, Vourloumis D. Rigid spiroethers targeting the decoding center of the bacterial ribosome. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:1329-41. [PMID: 24457095 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Continuing our efforts towards understanding the principles governing ribosomal recognition and function, we have synthesized and evaluated a series of diversely functionalized 5,6-, 6,6- and 7,6-spiroethers. These compounds successfully mimic natural aminoglycosides regarding their binding to the decoding center of the bacterial ribosome. Their potential to inhibit prokaryotic protein production in vitro along with their antibacterial potencies have also been examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Mavridis
- Chemical Biology Laboratories, National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Agia Paraskevi Attikis, GR-15310, Greece
| | - Georgia Kythreoti
- Chemical Biology Laboratories, National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Agia Paraskevi Attikis, GR-15310, Greece
| | - Konstantina Koltsida
- Chemical Biology Laboratories, National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Agia Paraskevi Attikis, GR-15310, Greece
| | - Dionisios Vourloumis
- Chemical Biology Laboratories, National Center for Scientific Research 'Demokritos', Agia Paraskevi Attikis, GR-15310, Greece.
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16
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Shalev M, Baasov T. When Proteins Start to Make Sense: Fine-tuning Aminoglycosides for PTC Suppression Therapy. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014; 5:1092-1105. [PMID: 25147726 DOI: 10.1039/c4md00081a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Aminoglycosides (AGs) are highly potent antibacterial agents, which are known to exert their deleterious effects on bacterial cells by interfering with the translation process, leading to aberrant protein synthesis that usually results in cell death. Nearly 45 years ago, AGs were shown to induce read-through activity in prokaryotic systems by selectively encoding tRNA molecules at premature termination codon (PTC) positions; resulting in the generation of full length functional proteins. However, only in the last 20 years this ability has been demonstrated in eukaryotic systems, highlighting their potential as therapeutic agents to treat PTC induced genetic disorders. Despite the great potential, AGs use in these manners is quite restricted due to relatively high toxicity values observed upon their administration. Over the last few years several synthetic derivatives were developed to overcome some of the enhanced toxicity issues, while in parallel showed significantly improved PTC suppression activity in various in-vitro, ex-vivo and in-vivo models of a variety of different diseases models underling by PTC mutations. Although these derivatives hold great promise to serve as therapeutic candidates they also demonstrate the necessity to further understand the molecular mechanisms of which AGs confer their biological activity in eukaryotic cells for further rational drug design. Recent achievements in structural research shed light on AGs mechanism of action and opened a new avenue in the development of new and improved therapeutic derivatives. The following manuscript highlights these accomplishments and summarizes their contributions to the state of art rational drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Shalev
- The Edith and Joseph Fischer Enzyme Inhibitors Laboratory, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Timor Baasov
- The Edith and Joseph Fischer Enzyme Inhibitors Laboratory, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Kandasamy J, Atia-Glikin D, Shulman E, Shapira K, Shavit M, Belakhov V, Baasov T. Increased selectivity toward cytoplasmic versus mitochondrial ribosome confers improved efficiency of synthetic aminoglycosides in fixing damaged genes: a strategy for treatment of genetic diseases caused by nonsense mutations. J Med Chem 2012; 55:10630-43. [PMID: 23148581 DOI: 10.1021/jm3012992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Compelling evidence is now available that gentamicin and Geneticin (G418) can induce the mammalian ribosome to suppress disease-causing nonsense mutations and partially restore the expression of functional proteins. However, toxicity and relative lack of efficacy at subtoxic doses limit the use of gentamicin for suppression therapy. Although G418 exhibits the strongest activity, it is very cytotoxic even at low doses. We describe here the first systematic development of the novel aminoglycoside (S)-11 exhibiting similar in vitro and ex vivo activity to that of G418, while its cell toxicity is significantly lower than those of gentamicin and G418. Using a series of biochemical assays, we provide proof of principle that antibacterial activity and toxicity of aminoglycosides can be dissected from their suppression activity. The data further indicate that the increased specificity toward cytoplasmic ribosome correlates with the increased activity and that the decreased specificity toward mitochondrial ribosome confers the lowered cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyakumar Kandasamy
- The Edith and Joseph Fischer Enzyme Inhibitors Laboratory, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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18
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Shalev M, Kandasamy J, Skalka N, Belakhov V, Rosin-Arbesfeld R, Baasov T. Development of generic immunoassay for the detection of a series of aminoglycosides with 6'-OH group for the treatment of genetic diseases in biological samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 75:33-40. [PMID: 23312382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, a growing number of scientific evidences highlighted the potential therapeutic value of several structures of aminoglycoside antibiotics (including gentamicin and G418) for the treatment of various genetic diseases caused by nonsense mutations. These findings resulted in a fast evolvement of synthetic derivatives of aminoglycosides which were shown to be more target specific and less toxic than the clinically used antibiotics. The emerging progress in drug design and development has necessitated the urge to develop a fast, easy and accurate procedure for the determination of these potential therapeutic agents in various biologically derived matrices. Here we describe the preparation of a generic polyclonal antibody that was used for the development of homologous and heterologous immunoassays for the detection of a wide range of natural and synthetic aminoglycoside derivatives, highlighted today as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of various genetic diseases. A common two-ring scaffold, NB82, present in the majority of compounds exhibiting potent biological activity, was used as a generic immunization hapten for the immunization of two rabbits. By using a series of chemical steps, NB82 was selectively conjugated via the N-1 position through glutaric acid linker to a carrier protein. Sensitivity (I₅₀) values for the recognition of three representative compounds NB82, NB84 and NB124 were determined to be 10 ± 3 ng mL⁻¹, 0.5 ± 0.04 μg mL⁻¹ and 1 ± 0.12 μg mL⁻¹, respectively. Limits of detection were determined to be 1 ± 0.3 ng mL⁻¹ for NB82, 20 ± 7 ng mL⁻¹ for NB84 and 15 ± 8 ng mL⁻¹ for NB124. The developed assays were further exploited for the in vivo monitoring of the therapeutic compounds in mice serum. Serum experimentations exhibited similar detection limits as observed for the PBS calibration experiments, demonstrating no interference with assays sensitivity, with rather high recovery ratios ranging from 92 to 107% in whole blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Shalev
- The Edith and Joseph Fischer Enzyme Inhibitors Laboratory, Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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19
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Goldmann T, Overlack N, Möller F, Belakhov V, van Wyk M, Baasov T, Wolfrum U, Nagel-Wolfrum K. A comparative evaluation of NB30, NB54 and PTC124 in translational read-through efficacy for treatment of an USH1C nonsense mutation. EMBO Mol Med 2012; 4:1186-99. [PMID: 23027640 PMCID: PMC3494875 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201201438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Translational read-through-inducing drugs (TRIDs) promote read-through of nonsense mutations, placing them in the spotlight of current gene-based therapeutic research. Here, we compare for the first time the relative efficacies of new-generation aminoglycosides NB30, NB54 and the chemical compound PTC124 on retinal toxicity and read-through efficacy of a nonsense mutation in the USH1C gene, which encodes the scaffold protein harmonin. This mutation causes the human Usher syndrome, the most common form of inherited deaf-blindness. We quantify read-through efficacy of the TRIDs in cell culture and show the restoration of harmonin function. We do not observe significant differences in the read-through efficacy of the TRIDs in retinal cultures; however, we show an excellent biocompatibility in retinal cultures with read-through versus toxicity evidently superior for NB54 and PTC124. In addition, in vivo administration of NB54 and PTC124 induced recovery of the full-length harmonin a1 with the same efficacy. The high biocompatibilities combined with the sustained read-through efficacies of these drugs emphasize the potential of NB54 and PTC124 in treating nonsense mutation-based retinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Goldmann
- Cell and Matrix Biology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany
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Keeling KM, Wang D, Conard SE, Bedwell DM. Suppression of premature termination codons as a therapeutic approach. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2012; 47:444-63. [PMID: 22672057 PMCID: PMC3432268 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2012.694846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we describe our current understanding of translation termination and pharmacological agents that influence the accuracy of this process. A number of drugs have been identified that induce suppression of translation termination at in-frame premature termination codons (PTCs; also known as nonsense mutations) in mammalian cells. We discuss efforts to utilize these drugs to suppress disease-causing PTCs that result in the loss of protein expression and function. In-frame PTCs represent a genotypic subset of mutations that make up ~11% of all known mutations that cause genetic diseases, and millions of patients have diseases attributable to PTCs. Current approaches aimed at reducing the efficiency of translation termination at PTCs (referred to as PTC suppression therapy) have the goal of alleviating the phenotypic consequences of a wide range of genetic diseases. Suppression therapy is currently in clinical trials for treatment of several genetic diseases caused by PTCs, and preliminary results suggest that some patients have shown clinical improvements. While current progress is promising, we discuss various approaches that may further enhance the efficiency of this novel therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M. Keeling
- Dept. of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Dept. of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sara E. Conard
- Dept. of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - David M. Bedwell
- Dept. of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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