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Berrino E, Michelet B, Martin‐Mingot A, Carta F, Supuran CT, Thibaudeau S. Modulating the Efficacy of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors through Fluorine Substitution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Berrino
- University of Florence NEUROFARBA Dept. Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche Via Ugo Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy
| | - Bastien Michelet
- Superacid Group in “Organic Synthesis” Team Université de Poitiers CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP Bât. B28, 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 09 France
| | - Agnès Martin‐Mingot
- Superacid Group in “Organic Synthesis” Team Université de Poitiers CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP Bât. B28, 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 09 France
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- University of Florence NEUROFARBA Dept. Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche Via Ugo Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- University of Florence NEUROFARBA Dept. Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche Via Ugo Schiff 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy
| | - Sébastien Thibaudeau
- Superacid Group in “Organic Synthesis” Team Université de Poitiers CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP Bât. B28, 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106 86073 Poitiers Cedex 09 France
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2
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Tivon Y, Falcone G, Deiters A. Protein Labeling and Crosslinking by Covalent Aptamers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaniv Tivon
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Gianna Falcone
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
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3
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Tivon Y, Falcone G, Deiters A. Protein Labeling and Crosslinking by Covalent Aptamers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15899-15904. [PMID: 33928724 PMCID: PMC8260448 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We developed a new approach to selectively modify native proteins in their biological environment using electrophilic covalent aptamers. These aptamers are generated through introduction of a proximity-driven electrophile at specific nucleotide sites. Using thrombin as a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate that covalent aptamers can selectively transfer a variety of functional handles and/or irreversibly crosslink to the target protein. This approach offers broad programmability and high target specificity. Furthermore, it addresses issues common to aptamers such as instability towards endogenous nucleases and residence times during target engagement. Covalent aptamers are new tools that enable specific protein modification and sensitive protein detection. Moreover, they provide prolonged, nuclease-resistant enzyme inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaniv Tivon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Gianna Falcone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
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4
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Berrino E, Michelet B, Martin-Mingot A, Carta F, Supuran CT, Thibaudeau S. Modulating the Efficacy of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors through Fluorine Substitution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23068-23082. [PMID: 34028153 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The insertion of fluorine atoms and/or fluoroalkyl groups can lead to many beneficial effects in biologically active molecules, such as enhanced metabolic stability, bioavailability, lipophilicity, and membrane permeability, as well as a strengthening of protein-ligand binding interactions. However, this "magic effect" of fluorine atom(s) insertion can often be meaningless. Taking advantage of the wide range of data coming from the quest for carbonic anhydrase (CA) fluorinated inhibitors, this Minireview attempts to give "general guidelines" on how to wisely insert fluorine atom(s) within an inhibitor moiety to precisely enhance or disrupt ligand-protein interactions, depending on the target location of the fluorine substitution in the ligand. Multiple approaches such as ITC, kinetic and inhibition studies, X-ray crystallography, and NMR spectroscopy are useful in dissecting single binding contributions to the overall observed effect. The exploitation of innovative directions made in the field of protein and ligand-based fluorine NMR screening is also discussed to avoid misconduct and finely tune the exploitation of selective fluorine atom insertion in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Berrino
- University of Florence, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Bastien Michelet
- Superacid Group in "Organic Synthesis" Team, Université de Poitiers, CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP, Bât. B28, 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 09, France
| | - Agnès Martin-Mingot
- Superacid Group in "Organic Synthesis" Team, Université de Poitiers, CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP, Bât. B28, 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 09, France
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- University of Florence, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- University of Florence, NEUROFARBA Dept., Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Sébastien Thibaudeau
- Superacid Group in "Organic Synthesis" Team, Université de Poitiers, CNRS UMR 7285 IC2MP, Bât. B28, 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106, 86073, Poitiers Cedex 09, France
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5
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Jin J, Wan J, Hu X, Fang T, Ye Z, Wang H. Supramolecular nanoparticles self-assembled from reduction-responsive cabazitaxel prodrugs for effective cancer therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2261-2264. [PMID: 33532809 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06854c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Using hydrophobic cabazitaxel as a target anticancer drug, we show that the conjugation of oligo(ethylene glycol)-oligolactide (OEG-OLA) via a self-immolative linkage induces the self-assembly of the resulting prodrug into injectable nanoparticles. The nanoparticles release chemically unmodified cabazitaxel after endocytosis in cancer cells. With the optimal conjugate, the nanotherapy not only potently induces tumor regression but also has a higher safety margin in animals than the free drug administered in its clinical formulation. Our studies highlight the design rationale that attaching a short amphiphilic oligomer to a toxic drug can convert it to a self-deliverable and safe nanotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China.
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6
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Tamura T, Hamachi I. Chemistry for Covalent Modification of Endogenous/Native Proteins: From Test Tubes to Complex Biological Systems. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:2782-2799. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Tamura
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- ERATO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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7
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Abstract
Chemically constructed biosensors consisting of a protein scaffold and an artificial small molecule have recently been recognized as attractive analytical tools for the specific detection and real-time monitoring of various biological substances or events in cells. Conventionally, such semisynthetic biosensors have been prepared in test tubes and then introduced into cells using invasive methods. With the impressive advances seen in bioorthogonal protein conjugation methodologies, however, it is now becoming feasible to directly construct semisynthetic biosensors in living cells, providing unprecedented tools for life-science research. We discuss here recent efforts regarding the in situ construction of protein-based semisynthetic biosensors and highlight their uses in the visualization and quantification of biomolecules and events in multimolecular and crowded cellular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Ueda
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tamura
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
- CREST(Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, JST), Sanbancho, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, 102-0075, Japan
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8
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Wang H, Lu Z, Wang L, Guo T, Wu J, Wan J, Zhou L, Li H, Li Z, Jiang D, Song P, Xie H, Zhou L, Xu X, Zheng S. New Generation Nanomedicines Constructed from Self-Assembling Small-Molecule Prodrugs Alleviate Cancer Drug Toxicity. Cancer Res 2017; 77:6963-6974. [PMID: 29055017 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic index for chemotherapeutic drugs is determined in part by systemic toxicity, so strategies for dose intensification to improve efficacy must also address tolerability. In addressing this issue, we have investigated a novel combinatorial strategy of reconstructing a drug molecule and using sequential drug-induced nanoassembly to fabricate supramolecular nanomedicines (SNM). Using cabazitaxel as a target agent, we established that individual synthetic prodrugs tethered with polyunsaturated fatty acids were capable of recapitulating self-assembly behavior independent of exogenous excipients. The resulting SNM could be further refined by PEGylation with amphiphilic copolymers suitable for preclinical studies. Among these cabazitaxel derivatives, docosahexaenoic acid-derived compound 1 retained high antiproliferative activity. SNM assembled with compound 1 displayed an unexpected enhancement of tolerability in animals along with effective therapeutic efficacy in a mouse xenograft model of human cancer, compared with free drug administered in its clinical formulation. Overall, our studies showed how attaching flexible lipid chains to a hydrophobic and highly toxic anticancer drug can convert it to a systemic self-deliverable nanotherapy, preserving its pharmacologic efficacy while improving its safety profile. Cancer Res; 77(24); 6963-74. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangxiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
| | - Zhongjie Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Lijiang Wang
- Zhejiang-California International Nanosystems Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Jiaping Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Jianqin Wan
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Liqian Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, P.R. China
| | - Donghai Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Penghong Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Haiyang Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
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9
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Herner A, Marjanovic J, Lewandowski TM, Marin V, Patterson M, Miesbauer L, Ready D, Williams J, Vasudevan A, Lin Q. 2-Aryl-5-carboxytetrazole as a New Photoaffinity Label for Drug Target Identification. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:14609-14615. [PMID: 27740749 PMCID: PMC5115731 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Photoaffinity labels are powerful tools for dissecting ligand-protein interactions, and they have a broad utility in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. Traditional photoaffinity labels work through nonspecific C-H/X-H bond insertion reactions with the protein of interest by the highly reactive photogenerated intermediate. Herein, we report a new photoaffinity label, 2-aryl-5-carboxytetrazole (ACT), that interacts with the target protein via a unique mechanism in which the photogenerated carboxynitrile imine reacts with a proximal nucleophile near the target active site. In two distinct case studies, we demonstrate that the attachment of ACT to a ligand does not significantly alter the binding affinity and specificity of the parent drug. Compared with diazirine and benzophenone, two commonly used photoaffinity labels, in two case studies ACT showed higher photo-cross-linking yields toward their protein targets in vitro based on mass spectrometry analysis. In the in situ target identification studies, ACT successfully captured the desired targets with an efficiency comparable to the diazirine. We expect that further development of this class of photoaffinity labels will lead to a broad range of applications across target identification, and validation and elucidation of the binding site in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Herner
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Jasmina Marjanovic
- Discovery Chemistry and Technology, AbbVie Inc. , North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6101, United States
| | - Tracey M Lewandowski
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Violeta Marin
- Discovery Chemistry and Technology, AbbVie Inc. , North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6101, United States
| | - Melanie Patterson
- Discovery Chemistry and Technology, AbbVie Inc. , North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6101, United States
| | - Laura Miesbauer
- Discovery Chemistry and Technology, AbbVie Inc. , North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6101, United States
| | - Damien Ready
- Discovery Chemistry and Technology, AbbVie Inc. , North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6101, United States
| | - Jon Williams
- Discovery Chemistry and Technology, AbbVie Inc. , North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6101, United States
| | - Anil Vasudevan
- Discovery Chemistry and Technology, AbbVie Inc. , North Chicago, Illinois 60064-6101, United States
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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10
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11
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Nishikawa Y, Tamura T, Hamachi I. Recent Advance in Organic Chemistry for Protein Labeling under Live Cell Conditions. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2016. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.74.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University
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12
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Shigemitsu H, Hamachi I. Supramolecular Assemblies Responsive to Biomolecules toward Biological Applications. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:2026-38. [PMID: 26152785 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive supramolecular assemblies consisting of small molecules are attractive functional materials for biological applications such as drug delivery, medical diagnosis, enzyme immobilization, and tissue engineering. By use of their dynamic and reversible properties, many supramolecular assemblies responsive to a variety of biomolecules have been designed and synthesized. This review focuses on promising strategies for the construction of such dynamic supramolecular assemblies and their functions. While studies of biomolecule-responsive supramolecular assemblies have mainly been performed in vitro, it has recently been demonstrated that some of them can work in live cells. Supramolecular assemblies now open up new avenues in chemical biology and biofunctional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Shigemitsu
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduated School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduated School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan. .,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0075, Japan.
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13
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Recent advances in bioorthogonal reactions for site-specific protein labeling and engineering. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Tsukiji S, Hamachi I. Ligand-directed tosyl chemistry for selective native protein labeling in vitro, in cells, and in vivo. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1266:243-263. [PMID: 25560080 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2272-7_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Introducing nongenetically encoded, synthetic probes into specific proteins is now recognized as a key component in chemical biology. In particular, the ability to chemically modify specific "native" proteins in various contexts from in vitro to cellular systems is of fundamental importance to study biological systems. We developed a protein-labeling technique termed ligand-directed tosyl (LDT) chemistry for this purpose. This method is capable of labeling specific native proteins with diverse synthetic probes with high site specificity and target selectivity without compromising protein function. Here we describe the principle of the LDT chemistry and the protocol for selective chemical labeling of native carbonic anhydrase in vitro, in blood cells (ex vivo), and in living mice (in vivo).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Tsukiji
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata, 940-2188, Japan
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15
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Ye D, Shuhendler AJ, Pandit P, Brewer KD, Tee SS, Cui L, Tikhomirov G, Rutt B, Rao J. Caspase-responsive smart gadolinium-based contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging of drug-induced apoptosis. Chem Sci 2014; 4:3845-3852. [PMID: 25429349 PMCID: PMC4241271 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01392a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive detection of caspase-3/7 activity in vivo has provided invaluable predictive information regarding tumor therapeutic efficacy and anti-tumor drug selection. Although a number of caspase-3/7 targeted fluorescence and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging probes have been developed, there is still a lack of gadolinium (Gd)-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probes that enable high spatial resolution detection of caspase-3/7 activity in vivo. Here we employ a self-assembly approach and develop a caspase-3/7 activatable Gd-based MRI probe for monitoring tumor apoptosis in mice. Upon reduction and caspase-3/7 activation, the caspase-sensitive nano-aggregation MR probe (C-SNAM: 1) undergoes biocompatible intramolecular cyclization and subsequent self-assembly into Gd-nanoparticles (GdNPs). This results in enhanced r1 relaxivity-19.0 (post-activation) vs. 10.2 mM-1 s-1 (pre-activation) at 1 T in solution-and prolonged accumulation in chemotherapy-induced apoptotic cells and tumors that express active caspase-3/7. We demonstrate that C-SNAM reports caspase-3/7 activity by generating a significantly brighter T1-weighted MR signal compared to non-treated tumors following intravenous administration of C-SNAM, providing great potential for high-resolution imaging of tumor apoptosis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deju Ye
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, California 94305-5484, USA
| | - Adam J. Shuhendler
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, California 94305-5484, USA
| | - Prachi Pandit
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, California 94305-5484, USA
| | - Kimberly D. Brewer
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, California 94305-5484, USA
| | - Sui Seng Tee
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, California 94305-5484, USA
| | - Lina Cui
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, California 94305-5484, USA
| | - Grigory Tikhomirov
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, California 94305-5484, USA
| | - Brian Rutt
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, California 94305-5484, USA
| | - Jianghong Rao
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, California 94305-5484, USA
- Departments of Radiology Chemistry, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, California 94305-5484, USA
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16
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Tsukiji S, Hamachi I. Ligand-directed tosyl chemistry for in situ native protein labeling and engineering in living systems: from basic properties to applications. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2014; 21:136-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Tressler C, Zondlo NJ. (2S,4R)- and (2S,4S)-perfluoro-tert-butyl 4-hydroxyproline: two conformationally distinct proline amino acids for sensitive application in 19F NMR. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5880-6. [PMID: 24870929 PMCID: PMC4076032 DOI: 10.1021/jo5008674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
(2S,4R)- and (2S,4S)-perfluoro-tert-butyl 4-hydroxyproline were synthesized (as Fmoc-, Boc-, and free amino acids) in 2-5 steps. The key step of each synthesis was a Mitsunobu reaction with perfluoro-tert-butanol, which incorporated a perfluoro-tert-butyl group, with nine chemically equivalent fluorines. Both amino acids were incorporated in model α-helical and polyproline helix peptides. Each amino acid exhibited distinct conformational preferences, with (2S,4R)-perfluoro-tert-butyl 4-hydroxyproline promoting polyproline helix. Peptides containing these amino acids were sensitively detected by (19)F NMR, suggesting their use in probes and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin
M. Tressler
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Neal J. Zondlo
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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18
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Gao J, Shi Y, Wang Y, Cai Y, Shen J, Kong D, Yang Z. Enzyme-controllable F-NMR turn on through disassembly of peptide-based nanospheres for enzyme detection. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:1383-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42078g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Matsuo K, Kamada R, Mizusawa K, Imai H, Takayama Y, Narazaki M, Matsuda T, Takaoka Y, Hamachi I. Specific detection and imaging of enzyme activity by signal-amplifiable self-assembling (19)F MRI probes. Chemistry 2013; 19:12875-83. [PMID: 23955524 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Revised: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Specific turn-on detection of enzyme activities is of fundamental importance in drug discovery research, as well as medical diagnostics. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most powerful techniques for noninvasive visualization of enzyme activity, both in vivo and ex vivo, promising strategies for imaging specific enzymes with high contrast have been very limited to date. We report herein a novel signal-amplifiable self-assembling (19) F NMR/MRI probe for turn-on detection and imaging of specific enzymatic activity. In NMR spectroscopy, these designed probes are "silent" when aggregated, but exhibit a disassembly driven turn-on signal change upon cleavage of the substrate part by the catalytic enzyme. Using these (19) F probes, nanomolar levels of two different target enzymes, nitroreductase (NTR) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), could be detected and visualized by (19) F NMR spectroscopy and MRI. Furthermore, we have succeeded in imaging the activity of endogenously secreted MMP in cultured media of tumor cells by (19) F MRI, depending on the cell lines and the cellular conditions. These results clearly demonstrate that our turn-on (19) F probes may serve as a screening platform for the activity of MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Matsuo
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto 615-8510 (Japan), Fax: (+81) 75-383-2759
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20
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Takemoto N, Suehara T, Frisco HL, Sato SI, Sezaki T, Kusamori K, Kawazoe Y, Park SM, Yamazoe S, Mizuhata Y, Inoue R, Miller GJ, Hansen SU, Jayson GC, Gardiner JM, Kanaya T, Tokitoh N, Ueda K, Takakura Y, Kioka N, Nishikawa M, Uesugi M. Small-molecule-induced clustering of heparan sulfate promotes cell adhesion. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:11032-9. [PMID: 23822587 DOI: 10.1021/ja4018682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Adhesamine is an organic small molecule that promotes adhesion and growth of cultured human cells by binding selectively to heparan sulfate on the cell surface. The present study combined chemical, physicochemical, and cell biological experiments, using adhesamine and its analogues, to examine the mechanism by which this dumbbell-shaped, non-peptidic molecule induces physiologically relevant cell adhesion. The results suggest that multiple adhesamine molecules cooperatively bind to heparan sulfate and induce its assembly, promoting clustering of heparan sulfate-bound syndecan-4 on the cell surface. A pilot study showed that adhesamine improved the viability and attachment of transplanted cells in mice. Further studies of adhesamine and other small molecules could lead to the design of assembly-inducing molecules for use in cell biology and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Takemoto
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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21
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Tamura T, Kioi Y, Miki T, Tsukiji S, Hamachi I. Fluorophore Labeling of Native FKBP12 by Ligand-Directed Tosyl Chemistry Allows Detection of Its Molecular Interactions in Vitro and in Living Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:6782-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja401956b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Tamura
- Department of Synthetic
Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510,
Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kioi
- Department of Synthetic
Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510,
Japan
| | - Takayuki Miki
- Department of Synthetic
Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510,
Japan
| | - Shinya Tsukiji
- Top Runner Incubation Center for
Academia-Industry Fusion, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic
Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510,
Japan
- Core Research for
Evolutional
Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, 5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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22
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Takaoka Y, Kioi Y, Morito A, Otani J, Arita K, Ashihara E, Ariyoshi M, Tochio H, Shirakawa M, Hamachi I. Quantitative comparison of protein dynamics in live cells and in vitro by in-cell (19)F-NMR. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:2801-3. [PMID: 23440262 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc39205h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe how a (19)F-probe incorporated into an endogenous protein by a chemical biology method revealed protein dynamics. By explicit determination of ligand-bound and unbound structures with X-ray crystallography, the quantitative comparison of the protein's dynamics in live cells and in vitro is presented. These results clearly demonstrated the greater conformational fluctuations of the intracellular protein, partially due to macromolecular crowding effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Takaoka
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Kyoto, Japan
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23
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Takaoka Y, Ojida A, Hamachi I. Organische Proteinchemie und ihre Anwendung für Markierungen und Engineering in Lebendzellsystemen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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24
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Li F, Shi P, Li J, Yang F, Wang T, Zhang W, Gao F, Ding W, Li D, Li J, Xiong Y, Sun J, Gong W, Tian C, Wang J. A Genetically Encoded19F NMR Probe for Tyrosine Phosphorylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3958-62. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201300463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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25
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Li F, Shi P, Li J, Yang F, Wang T, Zhang W, Gao F, Ding W, Li D, Li J, Xiong Y, Sun J, Gong W, Tian C, Wang J. A Genetically Encoded19F NMR Probe for Tyrosine Phosphorylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201300463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Takaoka Y, Ojida A, Hamachi I. Protein organic chemistry and applications for labeling and engineering in live-cell systems. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:4088-106. [PMID: 23426903 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The modification of proteins with synthetic probes is a powerful means of elucidating and engineering the functions of proteins both in vitro and in live cells or in vivo. Herein we review recent progress in chemistry-based protein modification methods and their application in protein engineering, with particular emphasis on the following four strategies: 1) the bioconjugation reactions of amino acids on the surfaces of natural proteins, mainly applied in test-tube settings; 2) the bioorthogonal reactions of proteins with non-natural functional groups; 3) the coupling of recognition and reactive sites using an enzyme or short peptide tag-probe pair for labeling natural amino acids; and 4) ligand-directed labeling chemistries for the selective labeling of endogenous proteins in living systems. Overall, these techniques represent a useful set of tools for application in chemical biology, with the methods 2-4 in particular being applicable to crude (living) habitats. Although still in its infancy, the use of organic chemistry for the manipulation of endogenous proteins, with subsequent applications in living systems, represents a worthy challenge for many chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Takaoka
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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27
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Chen H, Viel S, Ziarelli F, Peng L. 19F NMR: a valuable tool for studying biological events. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:7971-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60129c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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Matsuo K, Kioi Y, Yasui R, Takaoka Y, Miki T, Fujishima SH, Hamachi I. One-step construction of caged carbonic anhydrase I using a ligand-directed acyl imidazole-based protein labeling method. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc50560j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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29
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Yu JX, Kodibagkar VD, Liu L, Zhang Z, Liu L, Magnusson J, Liu Y. 19F-MRS/1H-MRI dual-function probe for detection of β-galactosidase activity. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc21099e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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30
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Matsushita H, Mizukami S, Mori Y, Sugihara F, Shirakawa M, Yoshioka Y, Kikuchi K. (19)F MRI monitoring of gene expression in living cells through cell-surface β-lactamase activity. Chembiochem 2012; 13:1579-83. [PMID: 22777922 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201200331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging provides important intravital information on deep tissues that cannot be visualized by other methods. Although we had previously developed an off/on switching (19)F MRI probe to monitor reporter enzyme activity on the basis of the paramagnetic relaxation enhancement effect, it was difficult to monitor biological events in living cells because the (19)F MRI probe did not permeate living cell membrane. In this study, we have developed a new (19)F MRI system for monitoring gene expression in living cells by exploiting cell-surface-displayed β-lactamase and the specifically designed (19)F MRI probe. By using this system, cellular gene expression was successfully detected by (19)F MRI without cell fixation. This imaging strategy shows promise for monitoring in vivo gene expression, and therefore it could lead to useful technologies for the diagnosis and therapy of various diseases.
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31
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Fujishima SH, Yasui R, Miki T, Ojida A, Hamachi I. Ligand-Directed Acyl Imidazole Chemistry for Labeling of Membrane-Bound Proteins on Live Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:3961-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2108855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sho-hei Fujishima
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510,
Japan
| | - Ryosuke Yasui
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510,
Japan
| | - Takayuki Miki
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510,
Japan
| | - Akio Ojida
- Graduate School of
Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi,
Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry
and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510,
Japan
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32
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Tamura T, Tsukiji S, Hamachi I. Native FKBP12 Engineering by Ligand-Directed Tosyl Chemistry: Labeling Properties and Application to Photo-Cross-Linking of Protein Complexes in Vitro and in Living Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:2216-26. [DOI: 10.1021/ja209641t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Tamura
- Department of Synthetic
Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510,
Japan
| | - Shinya Tsukiji
- Top Runner
Incubation Center for Academia-Industry Fusion, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka, Nagaoka,
Niigata 940-2188, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic
Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510,
Japan
- Core Research for
Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, 5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
102-0075, Japan
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33
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Kitamura M, Suzuki T, Abe R, Ueno T, Aoki S. 11B NMR sensing of d-block metal ions in vitro and in cells based on the carbon-boron bond cleavage of phenylboronic acid-pendant cyclen (cyclen = 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane). Inorg Chem 2011; 50:11568-80. [PMID: 22010826 DOI: 10.1021/ic201507q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including the "chemical shift imaging (CSI)" technique based on (1)H NMR signals is a powerful method for the in vivo imaging of intracellular molecules and for monitoring various biological events. However, it has the drawback of low resolution because of background signals from intrinsic water protons. On the other hand, it is assumed that the (11)B NMR signals which can be applied to a CSI technique have certain advantages, since boron is an ultratrace element in animal cells and tissues. In this manuscript, we report on the sensing of biologically indispensable d-block metal cations such as zinc, copper, iron, cobalt, manganese, and nickel based on (11)B NMR signals of simple phenylboronic acid-pendant cyclen (cyclen = 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane), L(6) and L(7), in aqueous solution at physiological pH. The results indicate that the carbon-boron bond of L(6) is cleaved upon the addition of Zn(2+) and the broad (11)B NMR signal of L(6) at 31 ppm is shifted upfield to 19 ppm, which corresponds to the signal of B(OH)(3). (1)H NMR, X-ray single crystal structure analysis, and UV absorption spectra also provide support for the carbon-boron bond cleavage of ZnL(6). Because the cellular uptake of L(6) was very small, a more cell-membrane permeable ligand containing the boronic acid ester L(7) was synthesized and investigated for the sensing of d-block metal ions using (11)B NMR. Data on (11)B NMR sensing of Zn(2+) in Jurkat T cells using L(7) is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Kitamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Japan
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34
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Takaoka Y, Kiminami K, Mizusawa K, Matsuo K, Narazaki M, Matsuda T, Hamachi I. Systematic study of protein detection mechanism of self-assembling 19F NMR/MRI nanoprobes toward rational design and improved sensitivity. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:11725-31. [PMID: 21699190 DOI: 10.1021/ja203996c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
(19)F NMR/MRI probe is expected to be a powerful tool for selective sensing of biologically active agents owing to its high sensitivity and no background signals in live bodies. We have recently reported a unique supramolecular strategy for specific protein detection using a protein ligand-tethered self-assembling (19)F probe. This method is based on a recognition-driven disassembly of the nanoprobes, which induced a clear turn-on signal of (19)F NMR/MRI. In the present study, we conducted a systematic investigation of the relationship between structure and properties of the probe to elucidate the mechanism of this turn-on (19)F NMR sensing in detail. Newly synthesized (19)F probes showed three distinct behaviors in response to the target protein: off/on, always-on, and always-off modes. We clearly demonstrated that these differences in protein response could be explained by differences in the stability of the probe aggregates and that "moderate stability" of the aggregates produced an ideal turn-on response in protein detection. We also successfully controlled the aggregate stability by changing the hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity balance of the probes. The detailed understanding of the detection mechanism allowed us to rationally design a turn-on (19)F NMR probe with improved sensitivity, giving a higher image intensity for the target protein in (19)F MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Takaoka
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-Ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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35
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Construction of a 19F-lectin biosensor for glycoprotein imaging by using affinity-guided DMAP chemistry. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:4393-6. [PMID: 21737264 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, assisted by affinity-guided DMAP strategy, we developed a novel (19)F-modified lectin as a biosensor for specific detection and imaging of glycoproteins. Exploited the large chemical shift anisotropy property of (19)F nuclei, glycoproteins detected by our (19)F-biosensor are signatured by broadened peaks in (19)F NMR, hence enabled the distinction between glycoproteins and small molecule saccharides. Such signal on/off switching was also applied to glycoprotein imaging by (19)F MRI.
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