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Hodnik N, Romano L, Jovanovič P, Ruiz-Zepeda F, Bele M, Fabbri F, Persano L, Camposeo A, Pisignano D. Assembly of Pt Nanoparticles on Graphitized Carbon Nanofibers as Hierarchically Structured Electrodes. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2020; 3:9880-9888. [PMID: 33134881 PMCID: PMC7590506 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.0c01945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based nanofibers decorated with metallic nanoparticles (NPs) as hierarchically structured electrodes offer significant opportunities for use in low-temperature fuel cells, electrolyzers, flow and air batteries, and electrochemical sensors. We present a facile and scalable method for preparing nanostructured electrodes composed of Pt NPs on graphitized carbon nanofibers. Electrospinning directly addresses the issues related to large-scale production of Pt-based fuel cell electrocatalysts. Through precursors containing polyacrylonitrile and Pt salt electrospinning along with an annealing protocol, we obtain approximately 180 nm thick graphitized nanofibers decorated with approximately 5 nm Pt NPs. By in situ annealing scanning transmission electron microscopy, we qualitatively resolve and quantitatively analyze the unique dynamics of Pt NP formation and movement. Interestingly, by very efficient thermal-induced segregation of all Pt from the inside to the surface of the nanofibers, we increase overall Pt utilization as electrocatalysis is a surface phenomenon. The obtained nanomaterials are also investigated by spatially resolved Raman spectroscopy, highlighting the higher structural order in nanofibers upon doping with Pt precursors. The rationalization of the observed phenomena of segregation and ordering mechanisms in complex carbon-based nanostructured systems is critically important for the effective utilization of all metal-containing catalysts, such as electrochemical oxygen reduction reactions, among many other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejc Hodnik
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova
19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Luigi Romano
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
- NEST, Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza
San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Primož Jovanovič
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova
19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Francisco Ruiz-Zepeda
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova
19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marjan Bele
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova
19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Filippo Fabbri
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Center
for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luana Persano
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Camposeo
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Dario Pisignano
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza S. Silvestro 12, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
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Abstract
Electrospinning is a versatile and viable technique for generating ultrathin fibers. Remarkable progress has been made with regard to the development of electrospinning methods and engineering of electrospun nanofibers to suit or enable various applications. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of electrospinning, including the principle, methods, materials, and applications. We begin with a brief introduction to the early history of electrospinning, followed by discussion of its principle and typical apparatus. We then discuss its renaissance over the past two decades as a powerful technology for the production of nanofibers with diversified compositions, structures, and properties. Afterward, we discuss the applications of electrospun nanofibers, including their use as "smart" mats, filtration membranes, catalytic supports, energy harvesting/conversion/storage components, and photonic and electronic devices, as well as biomedical scaffolds. We highlight the most relevant and recent advances related to the applications of electrospun nanofibers by focusing on the most representative examples. We also offer perspectives on the challenges, opportunities, and new directions for future development. At the end, we discuss approaches to the scale-up production of electrospun nanofibers and briefly discuss various types of commercial products based on electrospun nanofibers that have found widespread use in our everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Xue
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Tong Wu
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yunqian Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, People’s Republic of China
| | - Younan Xia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Cavaliere S, Jiménez-Morales I, Ercolano G, Savych I, Jones D, Rozière J. Highly Stable PEMFC Electrodes Based on Electrospun Antimony-Doped SnO2. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cavaliere
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR UM CNRS 5253, Agrégats Interfaces et Matériaux pour l'Energie; Université de Montpellier; 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Ignacio Jiménez-Morales
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR UM CNRS 5253, Agrégats Interfaces et Matériaux pour l'Energie; Université de Montpellier; 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Giorgio Ercolano
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR UM CNRS 5253, Agrégats Interfaces et Matériaux pour l'Energie; Université de Montpellier; 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Iuliia Savych
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR UM CNRS 5253, Agrégats Interfaces et Matériaux pour l'Energie; Université de Montpellier; 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Deborah Jones
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR UM CNRS 5253, Agrégats Interfaces et Matériaux pour l'Energie; Université de Montpellier; 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Jacques Rozière
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR UM CNRS 5253, Agrégats Interfaces et Matériaux pour l'Energie; Université de Montpellier; 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
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Savych I, Subianto S, Nabil Y, Cavaliere S, Jones D, Rozière J. Negligible degradation upon in situ voltage cycling of a PEMFC using an electrospun niobium-doped tin oxide supported Pt cathode. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:16970-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01542a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pt/Nb–SnO2 loose-tubes constitute a mitigation strategy for two known degradation mechanisms in PEMFC: corrosion of the carbon support at the cathode, and dissolution of Pt at high cell voltages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliia Savych
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- UMR CNRS 5253
- Agrégats Interfaces Matériaux pour l'Energie
- Université de Montpellier
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5
| | - Surya Subianto
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- UMR CNRS 5253
- Agrégats Interfaces Matériaux pour l'Energie
- Université de Montpellier
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5
| | - Yannick Nabil
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- UMR CNRS 5253
- Agrégats Interfaces Matériaux pour l'Energie
- Université de Montpellier
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5
| | - Sara Cavaliere
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- UMR CNRS 5253
- Agrégats Interfaces Matériaux pour l'Energie
- Université de Montpellier
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5
| | - Deborah Jones
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- UMR CNRS 5253
- Agrégats Interfaces Matériaux pour l'Energie
- Université de Montpellier
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5
| | - Jacques Rozière
- Institut Charles Gerhardt
- UMR CNRS 5253
- Agrégats Interfaces Matériaux pour l'Energie
- Université de Montpellier
- 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5
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Atchison JS, Zeiger M, Tolosa A, Funke LM, Jäckel N, Presser V. Electrospinning of ultrafine metal oxide/carbon and metal carbide/carbon nanocomposite fibers. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05409e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning is a facile technology for the generation of metal oxide/carbon and metal carbide/carbon nanocomposite fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Zeiger
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials
- 66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
- Saarland University
- Campus D2 2
| | - Aura Tolosa
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials
- 66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
- Saarland University
- Campus D2 2
| | - Lena M. Funke
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials
- 66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
- Saarland University
- Campus D2 2
| | - Nicolas Jäckel
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials
- 66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
- Saarland University
- Campus D2 2
| | - Volker Presser
- INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials
- 66123 Saarbrücken
- Germany
- Saarland University
- Campus D2 2
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Zhang L, Li Y, Zhang Q, Wang H. Formation of the modified ultrafine anatase TiO2 nanoparticles using the nanofiber as a microsized reactor. CrystEngComm 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce26758f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Lee YI, Choa YH. Synthesis and electromagnetic properties of FeNi alloy nanofibers using an electrospinning method. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN CRYSTAL GROWTH AND CRYSTAL TECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.6111/jkcgct.2012.22.5.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Aricò AS, Siracusano S, Briguglio N, Baglio V, Di Blasi A, Antonucci V. Polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis: status of technologies and potential applications in combination with renewable power sources. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-012-0490-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bauer A, Chevallier L, Hui R, Cavaliere S, Zhang J, Jones D, Rozière J. Synthesis and characterization of Nb-TiO2 mesoporous microsphere and nanofiber supported Pt catalysts for high temperature PEM fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chevallier L, Bauer A, Cavaliere S, Hui R, Rozière J, Jones DJ. Mesoporous nanostructured Nb-doped titanium dioxide microsphere catalyst supports for PEM fuel cell electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:1752-1759. [PMID: 22428619 DOI: 10.1021/am300002j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline microspheres of Nb-doped TiO(2) with a high specific surface area were synthesized using a templating method exploiting ionic interactions between nascent inorganic components and an ionomer template. The microspheres exhibit a porosity gradient, with a meso-macroporous kernel, and a mesoporous shell. The material has been investigated as cathode electrocatalyst support for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. A uniform dispersion of Pt particles on the Nb-doped TiO(2) support was obtained using a microwave method, and the electrochemical properties assessed by cyclic voltammetry. Nb-TiO(2) supported Pt demonstrated very high stability, as after 1000 voltammetric cycles, 85% of the electroactive Pt area remained compared to 47% in the case of commercial Pt on carbon. For the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which takes place at the cathode, the highest stability was again obtained with the Nb-doped titania-based material even though the mass activity calculated at 0.9 V vs RHE was slightly lower. The microspherical structured and mesoporous Nb-doped TiO(2) is an alternative support to carbon for PEM fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Chevallier
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Agrégats, Interfaces et Matériaux pour l'Energie, UMR CNRS 5253, Université Montpellier II, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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11
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Zhang W, Pintauro PN. High-performance nanofiber fuel cell electrodes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2011; 4:1753-1757. [PMID: 22110012 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201100245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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