1
|
Khan SB, Lee SL. Supramolecular Chemistry: Host-Guest Molecular Complexes. Molecules 2021; 26:3995. [PMID: 34208882 PMCID: PMC8271753 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent times, researchers have emphasized practical approaches for capturing coordinated and selective guest entrap. The physisorbed nanoporous supramolecular complexes have been widely used to restrain various guest species on compact supporting surfaces. The host-guest (HG) interactions in two-dimensional (2D) permeable porous linkages are growing expeditiously due to their future applications in biocatalysis, separation technology, or nanoscale patterning. The different crystal-like nanoporous network has been acquired to enclose and trap guest molecules of various dimensions and contours. The host centers have been lumped together via noncovalent interactions (such as hydrogen bonds, van der Waals (vdW) interactions, or coordinate bonds). In this review article, we enlighten and elucidate recent progress in HG chemistry, explored via scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We summarize the synthesis, design, and characterization of typical HG structural design examined on various substrates, under ambient surroundings at the liquid-solid (LS) interface, or during ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). We emphasize isoreticular complexes, vibrant HG coordination, or hosts functional cavities responsive to the applied stimulus. Finally, we critically discuss the significant challenges in advancing this developing electrochemical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Bashir Khan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shern-Long Lee
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sharma P, Sarma P, Frontera A, Hussain S, Verma AK, Bhattacharyya MK. Energetically significant anti-parallel π-stacking and unconventional anion-π interactions in phenanthroline based Ni(II) and Cu(II) coordination compounds: Antiproliferative evaluation and theoretical studies. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
3
|
Heideman GH, Berrocal JA, Stöhr M, Meijer EW, Feringa BL. Stepwise Adsorption of Alkoxy-Pyrene Derivatives onto a Lamellar, Non-Porous Naphthalenediimide-Template on HOPG. Chemistry 2021; 27:207-211. [PMID: 32893412 PMCID: PMC7821129 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of new strategies for the preparation of multicomponent supramolecular assemblies is a major challenge on the road to complex functional molecular systems. Here we present the use of a non-porous self-assembled monolayer from uC33 -NDI-uC33 , a naphthalenediimide symmetrically functionalized with unsaturated 33 carbon-atom-chains, to prepare bicomponent supramolecular surface systems with a series of alkoxy-pyrene (PyrOR) derivatives at the liquid/HOPG interface. While previous attempts at directly depositing many of these PyrOR units at the liquid/HOPG interface failed, the multicomponent approach through the uC33 -NDI-uC33 template enabled control over molecular interactions and facilitated adsorption. The PyrOR deposition restructured the initial uC33 -NDI-uC33 monolayer, causing an expansion in two dimensions to accommodate the guests. As far as we know, this represents the first example of a non-porous or non-metal complex-bearing monolayer that allows the stepwise formation of multicomponent supramolecular architectures on surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Henrieke Heideman
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - José Augusto Berrocal
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Meike Stöhr
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - E W Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems and, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Affiliation(s)
- John A. Joule
- Chemistry Department; The University of Manchester; Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Mercedes Álvarez
- Pharmacology; Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry; Universitat de Barcelona; Joan XXIII, s/n E-08028 Barcelona Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Werner type clathrates involving guest benzoic acid and benzoate in discrete Mn(II) hosts: Experimental and theoretical studies. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
6
|
Nashre-ul-Islam SM, Dutta D, Guha AK, Bhattacharyya MK. An unusual werner type clathrate of Mn(II) benzoate involving energetically significant weak C H⋯C contacts: A combined experimental and theoretical study. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.07.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
7
|
Rżysko W, Nieckarz D, Szabelski P. Modeling of the 2D self-assembly of tripod-shaped functional molecules with patchy interaction centers. ADSORPTION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10450-018-9993-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
8
|
Nieckarz D, Rżysko W, Szabelski P. On-surface self-assembly of tetratopic molecular building blocks. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:23363-23377. [PMID: 30177976 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03820a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of functional molecules on solid substrates has recently attracted special attention as a versatile method for the fabrication of low dimensional nanostructures with tailorable properties. In this contribution, using theoretical modeling, we demonstrate how the architecture of 2D molecular assemblies can be predicted based on the individual properties of elementary building blocks at play. To that end a model star-shaped tetratopic molecule is used and its self-assembly on a (111) surface is simulated using the lattice Monte Carlo method. Several test cases are studied in which the molecule bears terminal arm centers providing interactions with differently encoded directionality. Our theoretical results show that manipulation of the interaction directions can be an effective way to direct the self-assembly towards extended periodic superstructures (2D crystals) as well as to create assemblies characterized by a lower degree of order, including glassy overlayers and quasi one-dimensional molecular connections. The obtained structures are described and classified with respect to their main geometric parameters. A small library of the tetratopic molecules and the corresponding superstructures is provided to categorize the structure-property relationship in the modeled systems. The results of our simulations can be helpful to 2D crystal engineering and surface-confined polymerization techniques as they give hints on how to functionalize tetrapod organic building blocks which would be able to create superstructures with predefined spatial organization and range of order.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damian Nieckarz
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Maria-Curie Skłodowska University, Pl. M.C. Skłodowskiej 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Teyssandier J, Feyter SD, Mali KS. Host-guest chemistry in two-dimensional supramolecular networks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:11465-11487. [PMID: 27709179 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc05256h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nanoporous supramolecular networks physisorbed on solid surfaces have been extensively used to immobilize a variety of guest molecules. Host-guest chemistry in such two-dimensional (2D) porous networks is a rapidly expanding field due to potential applications in separation technology, catalysis and nanoscale patterning. Diverse structural topologies with high crystallinity have been obtained to capture molecular guests of different sizes and shapes. A range of non-covalent forces such as hydrogen bonds, van der Waals interactions, coordinate bonds have been employed to assemble the host networks. Recent years have witnessed a surge in the activity in this field with the implementation of rational design strategies for realizing controlled and selective guest capture. In this feature article, we review the development in the field of surface-supported host-guest chemistry as studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Typical host-guest architectures studied on solid surfaces, both under ambient conditions at the solution-solid interface as well as those formed at the ultrahigh vacuum (UHV)-solid interface, are described. We focus on isoreticular host networks, hosts functionalized pores and dynamic host-guest systems that respond to external stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Teyssandier
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kunal S Mali
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Szabelski P, Nieckarz D, Rżysko W. Influence of molecular shape and interaction anisotropy on the self-assembly of tripod building blocks on solid surfaces. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
11
|
Pham TA, Tran BV, Nguyen MT, Stöhr M. Chiral-Selective Formation of 1D Polymers Based on Ullmann-Type Coupling: The Role of the Metallic Substrate. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2017; 13:1603675. [PMID: 28121375 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201603675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The chiral-selective formation of 1D polymers from a prochiral molecule, namely, 6,12-dibromochrysene in dependence of the type of metal surface is demonstrated by a combined scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory study. Deposition of the chosen molecule on Au(111) held at room temperature leads to the formation of a 2D porous molecular network. Upon annealing at 200 °C, an achiral covalently linked polymer is formed on Au(111). On the other hand, a chiral Cu-coordinated polymer is spontaneously formed upon deposition of the molecules on Cu(111) held at room temperature. Importantly, it is found that the chiral-selectivity determines the possibility of obtaining graphene nanoribbons (GNRs). On Au(111), upon annealing at 350 °C or higher cyclo-dehydrogenation occurs transforming the achiral polymer into a GNR. In contrast, the chiral coordination polymer on Cu(111) cannot be converted into a GNR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Anh Pham
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bay V Tran
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Manh-Thuong Nguyen
- Center for Computational Physics, Institute of Physics, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 10 Dao Tan St., Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Meike Stöhr
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Guo Z, Yu P, Sun K, Lei S, Yi Y, Li Z. Role of halogen⋯halogen interactions in the 2D crystallization of n-semiconductors at the liquid–solid interface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:31540-31544. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06027k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The impact of X⋯X interactions on the 2D crystallization of perylene-based n-semiconductors at the liquid–solid interface was investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zongxia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| | - Kai Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS); Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Shengbin Lei
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS); Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Zhibo Li
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department; School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST)
- Qingdao
- P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kasperski A, Szabelski P. Theoretical Modeling of Surface Confined Chiral Nanoporous Networks: Cruciform Molecules as Versatile Building Blocks. Chirality 2015; 27:397-404. [PMID: 25728050 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Patterning of solid surfaces with functional organic molecules has been a convenient route to fabricate two-dimensional materials with programmed architecture and activities. One example is the chiral nanoporous networks that can be created via controlled self-assembly of star-shaped molecules under 2D confinement. In this contribution we use computer modeling to predict the formation of molecular networks in adsorbed overlayers comprising cruciform molecular building blocks equipped with discrete interaction centers. To that end, we employ the Monte Carlo simulation method combined with a coarse-grained representation of the adsorbed molecules which are treated as collections of interconnected segments. The interaction centers within the molecules are represented by active segments whose number and distribution are adjusted. Our particular focus is on those distributions that produce prochiral molecules able to occur in adsorbed configurations being mirror images of each other (surface enantiomers). We demonstrate that, depending on size, aspect ratio, and intramolecular distribution of active sites, the surface enantiomers can co-crystallize or segregate into extended homochiral domains with largely diversified nanosized cavities. The insights from our theoretical studies can be helpful in designing 2D chiral porous networks with potential applications in enantioselective adsorption and asymmetric heterogeneous catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kasperski
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Maria-Curie Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Szabelski
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Maria-Curie Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zha B, Miao X, Liu P, Wu Y, Deng W. Concentration dependent halogen-bond density in the 2D self-assembly of a thienophenanthrene derivative at the aliphatic acid/graphite interface. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:9003-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc03687e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
15
|
Yasuda S, Furuya A, Murakoshi K. Control of a two-dimensional molecular structure by cooperative halogen and hydrogen bonds. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10235e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The cooperative effect of hydrogen and halogen bonds on the two-dimensional (2D) molecular arrangement on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency
| | - Atom Furuya
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kei Murakoshi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mali KS, De Feyter S. Principles of molecular assemblies leading to molecular nanostructures. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2013; 371:20120304. [PMID: 24000356 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2012.0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled physisorbed monolayers consist of regular two-dimensional arrays of molecules. Two-dimensional self-assembly of organic and metal-organic building blocks is a widely used strategy for nanoscale functionalization of surfaces. These supramolecular nanostructures are typically sustained by weak non-covalent forces such as van der Waals, electrostatic, metal-ligand, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding interactions. A wide variety of structurally very diverse monolayers have been fabricated under ambient conditions at the liquid-solid and air-solid interface or under ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) conditions at the UHV-solid interface. The outcome of the molecular self-assembly process depends on a variety of factors such as the nature of functional groups present on assembling molecules, the type of solvent, the temperature at which the molecules assemble and the concentration of the building blocks. The objective of this review is to provide a brief account of the progress in understanding various parameters affecting two-dimensional molecular self-assembly through illustration of some key examples from contemporary literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kunal S Mali
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan, 200 F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bertrand H, Guillot R, Teulade-Fichou MP, Fichou D. Synthesis, properties, and remarkable 2 D Self-Assembly at the Liquid/Solid interface of a series of triskele-shaped 5,11,17-triazatrinaphthylenes (TrisK). Chemistry 2013; 19:14654-64. [PMID: 24026879 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A series of 5,11,17-triazatrinaphthylene (TrisK) derivatives, large disk-like π-conjugated molecules with C3h symmetry, has been synthesised by following an optimised synthetic pathway. The synthesis was performed by a four-step protocol based on the N-arylation of 1,3,5-tribromobenzene with appropriate anthranilate derivatives. This strategy permits the generation of either chlorinated (TrisK-Cl-OCn) or non-chlorinated (TrisK-H-OCn) alkoxy-substituted derivatives (OCn H2n+1 with n=3, 10, 12 and 16), thus providing additional versatility in the control of the structure-property relationships. The electronic properties of the various TrisK compounds have been characterised in solution by absorption and emission spectroscopies as well as cyclic voltammetry. The crystal structure of 2,8,14-propyloxy-5,11,17-triazatrinaphthylene TrisK-H-OC3 has been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis, which revealed the presence of stabilising weak intermolecular H bonds. Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) at the liquid/solid interface has revealed the remarkable 2D self-assembling properties of the TrisK compounds. In particular, it has shown that TrisK-H-OC12 forms three concomitant self-organised 2D phases with different row-packing arrangements. This 2D polymorphism arises from slow ordering due to the presence of three long dodecyloxy chains on the molecular backbone. Individual molecules can be imaged with spectacular intramolecular resolution, thus providing the possibility of correlating the STM features with the calculated charge density distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Bertrand
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6, UMR CNRS 7201-4, place Jussieu, 75005 Paris (France), Fax: (+33) 1-4427-7360; Institut Curie, Campus Universitaire d'Orsay, UMR CNRS 176, Bât. 110, 91405 Orsay (France)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rajwar D, Sun X, Cho SJ, Grimsdale AC, Fichou D. Synthesis and 2D self-assembly at the liquid-solid interface of end-substituted star-shaped oligophenylenes. CrystEngComm 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce25530h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|