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Ziemniak M, Pawlędzio S, Zawadzka-Kaźmierczuk A, Dominiak PM, Trzybiński D, Koźmiński W, Zieliński R, Fokt I, Priebe W, Woźniak K, Pająk B. X-ray wavefunction refinement and comprehensive structural studies on bromo-substituted analogues of 2-deoxy-d-glucose in solid state and solution. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8345-8360. [PMID: 35424802 PMCID: PMC8985090 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08312k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The structural studies on two bromo-substituted derivatives of 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), namely 2-deoxy-2-bromo-d-glucose (2-BG) and 2-deoxy-2-bromo-d-mannose (2-BM) are described. 2-DG itself is an inhibitor of hexokinase, the first enzyme in the glycolysis process, playing a vital role in both cancer cell metabolism and viral replication in host cells. Because of that, 2-DG derivatives are considered as potential anti-cancer and anti-viral drugs. An X-ray quantum crystallography approach allowed us to obtain more accurate positions of hydrogen atoms by applying Hirshfeld atom refinement, providing a better description of hydrogen bonding even in the case of data from routine X-ray experiments. Obtained structures showed that the introduction of bromine at the C2 position in the pyranose ring has a minor influence on its conformation but still, it has a noticeable effect on the crystal structure. Bromine imposes the formation of a layered supramolecular landscape containing hydrogen bonds, which involves the bromine atom. Periodic DFT calculations of cohesive and interaction energies (at the B3LYP level of theory) have supported these findings and highlighted energetic changes upon bromine substitution. Based on molecular wavefunction from the refinement, we calculated the electrostatic potential, Laplacian, and ELI-D, and applied them to charge-density studies, which confirmed the geometry of hydrogen bonding and involvement of the bromine atom with these intermolecular interactions. NMR studies in the solution show that both compounds do not display significant differences in their anomeric equilibria compared to 2-DG, and the pyranose ring puckering is similar in both aqueous and solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Ziemniak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Sylwia Pawlędzio
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Anna Zawadzka-Kaźmierczuk
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Paulina M Dominiak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Damian Trzybiński
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Wiktor Koźmiński
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Rafał Zieliński
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center 1901 East Rd. Houston TX 77054 USA
| | - Izabela Fokt
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center 1901 East Rd. Houston TX 77054 USA
| | - Waldemar Priebe
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center 1901 East Rd. Houston TX 77054 USA
| | - Krzysztof Woźniak
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Zwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | - Beata Pająk
- Independent Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Kaczkowski Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology Kozielska 4 01-163 Warsaw Poland
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2
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Preparation and synthetic applications of novel tetrafluoroethylenating zinc reagent with a triple bond as its functional group. J Fluor Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2021.109929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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3
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Zou JY, Wang YZ, Sun WH, Lin WJ, Liu XY. Photoredox-catalyzed redox-neutral difluoroalkylation to construct perfluoroketones with difluoroenoxysilanes. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8696-8700. [PMID: 34581380 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01530c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A mild and facile approach to construct various perfluoroketones via photo-catalyzed difluoroalkylation of difluoroenoxysilanes is developed. The reaction includes a strategy of combination of two fluorine-containing functional groups, which confers the reaction with characteristics like high efficiency, mild conditions, and broad scope. A variety of fluoroalkyl halides including perfluoroalkyl iodides, bromo difluoro esters and amides can be employed as radical precursors. Control experiments indicate that a single-electron transfer pathway may be involved in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yu Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Yu-Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Wen-Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Wu-Jie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Xue-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
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4
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Novel multi-functionalized fluorine-containing organometallics: Preparation and applications of tetrafluoroethylenated zinc reagent. J Fluor Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2021.109781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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5
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Linclau B, Ardá A, Reichardt NC, Sollogoub M, Unione L, Vincent SP, Jiménez-Barbero J. Fluorinated carbohydrates as chemical probes for molecular recognition studies. Current status and perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 49:3863-3888. [PMID: 32520059 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00099b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an extensive summary of the effects of carbohydrate fluorination with regard to changes in physical, chemical and biological properties with respect to regular saccharides. The specific structural, conformational, stability, reactivity and interaction features of fluorinated sugars are described, as well as their applications as probes and in chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Linclau
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO171BJ, UK
| | - Ana Ardá
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain.
| | | | - Matthieu Sollogoub
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luca Unione
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stéphane P Vincent
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry, University of Namur (UNamur), B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Spain. and Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain and Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science and Technology, UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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6
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Keenan T, Parmeggiani F, Malassis J, Fontenelle CQ, Vendeville JB, Offen W, Both P, Huang K, Marchesi A, Heyam A, Young C, Charnock SJ, Davies GJ, Linclau B, Flitsch SL, Fascione MA. Profiling Substrate Promiscuity of Wild-Type Sugar Kinases for Multi-fluorinated Monosaccharides. Cell Chem Biol 2020; 27:1199-1206.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Synthetic utilization of tetrafluoroethylene-containing silyl reagent (CH2=CHCF2CF2SiEt3) in Cu(I)-mediated cross-coupling reaction with various iodoarenes. J Fluor Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Uhrig ML, Lantaño B, Postigo A. Synthetic strategies for fluorination of carbohydrates. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5173-5189. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00405j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Different synthetic strategies for accomplishing regio- and stereoselective fluorinations of carbohydrate scaffolds are discussed in light of the biological implications arising from such substitutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Laura Uhrig
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- C1428EG Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Beatriz Lantaño
- Departmento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Junin 954 CP1113-Buenos Aires
- Argentina
| | - Al Postigo
- Departmento de Química Orgánica
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Junin 954 CP1113-Buenos Aires
- Argentina
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9
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Dmitriev IA, Supranovich VI, Levin VV, Struchkova MI, Dilman AD. Visible Light Promoted 2-Bromotetrafluoroethylation of Nitrones. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor A. Dmitriev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; 119991 Moscow Leninsky prosp. 47 Russian Federation
- Moscow State University; Department of Chemistry; 119991 Moscow Leninskie Gory 1-3 Russian Federation
| | | | - Vitalij V. Levin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; 119991 Moscow Leninsky prosp. 47 Russian Federation
| | - Marina I. Struchkova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; 119991 Moscow Leninsky prosp. 47 Russian Federation
| | - Alexander D. Dilman
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; 119991 Moscow Leninsky prosp. 47 Russian Federation
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10
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Václavík J, Klimánková I, Budinská A, Beier P. Advances in the Synthesis and Application of Tetrafluoroethylene- and 1,1,2,2-Tetrafluoroethyl-Containing Compounds. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Václavík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Iveta Klimánková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Alena Budinská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 166 10 Prague Czech Republic
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11
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An asymmetric tertiary carbon center with a tetrafluoroethylene (–CF 2 CF 2 –) fragment: Novel construction method and application in a chiral liquid crystalline molecule. J Fluor Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Sakaguchi Y, Yamada S, Konno T, Agou T, Kubota T. Stereochemically Defined Various Multisubstituted Alkenes Bearing a Tetrafluoroethylene (-CF 2CF 2-) Fragment. J Org Chem 2017; 82:1618-1631. [PMID: 28071049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Highly regio- and stereoselective transformation of commercially available 4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro-1-butene into multisubstituted alkenes having a tetrafluoroethylene fragment through Heck reactions and/or Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions was established. Thus, the obtained alkenes underwent a smooth reductive coupling reaction with aldehydes under the influence of MeLi/LiBr-free, affording structurally unprecedented fluorinated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiho Sakaguchi
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology , Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Yamada
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology , Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Konno
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology , Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Agou
- Department of Materials Science, Ibaraki University , 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan
| | - Toshio Kubota
- Department of Materials Science, Ibaraki University , 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan
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13
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Budinská A, Václavík J, Matoušek V, Beier P. Nucleophilic Tetrafluoroethylation Employing in Situ Formed Organomagnesium Reagents. Org Lett 2016; 18:5844-5847. [PMID: 27797526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tetrafluoroalkyl bromides are metalated with equimolar iPrMgCl·LiCl (Turbo Grignard) to form organomagnesium compounds which are stable at low temperatures and react with various electrophiles (aldehydes, ketones, CO2, cyclic sulfate and sulfamidate, N-sulfonylimines, nitrone, chlorophosphate, nonaflyl azide) to afford novel functionalized tetrafluoroethylene-containing products. Ease of operation, excellent selectivity, high nucleophilicity, and enhanced stability of the reactive species together with a broad substrate scope comprise a highly attractive nucleophilic tetrafluoroethylation protocol affording unique synthetic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Budinská
- The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Václavík
- The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.,Laboratory of Molecular Structure Characterization, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic , Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Matoušek
- CF Plus Chemicals s.r.o., Kamenice 771/34, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Beier
- The Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences , Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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14
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Emma MG, Lombardo M, Trombini C, Quintavalla A. The Organocatalytic α-Fluorination of Chiral γ-Nitroaldehydes: the Challenge of Facing the Construction of a Quaternary Fluorinated Stereocenter. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giuseppe Emma
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Marco Lombardo
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Claudio Trombini
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Arianna Quintavalla
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; University of Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
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15
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Santschi N, Aiguabella N, Lewe V, Gilmour R. Delineating the physical organic profile of the 6-fluoro glycosyl donor. J Fluor Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Pickl M, Fuchs M, Glueck SM, Faber K. The substrate tolerance of alcohol oxidases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6617-42. [PMID: 26153139 PMCID: PMC4513209 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6699-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alcohols are a rich source of compounds from renewable sources, but they have to be activated in order to allow the modification of their carbon backbone. The latter can be achieved via oxidation to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones. As an alternative to (thermodynamically disfavoured) nicotinamide-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases, alcohol oxidases make use of molecular oxygen but their application is under-represented in synthetic biotransformations. In this review, the mechanism of copper-containing and flavoprotein alcohol oxidases is discussed in view of their ability to accept electronically activated or non-activated alcohols and their propensity towards over-oxidation of aldehydes yielding carboxylic acids. In order to facilitate the selection of the optimal enzyme for a given biocatalytic application, the substrate tolerance of alcohol oxidases is compiled and discussed: Substrates are classified into groups (non-activated prim- and sec-alcohols; activated allylic, cinnamic and benzylic alcohols; hydroxy acids; sugar alcohols; nucleotide alcohols; sterols) together with suitable alcohol oxidases, their microbial source, relative activities and (stereo)selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Pickl
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010, Graz, Austria
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17
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18
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19
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van Straaten KE, Kuttiyatveetil JRA, Sevrain CM, Villaume SA, Jiménez-Barbero J, Linclau B, Vincent SP, Sanders DAR. Structural basis of ligand binding to UDP-galactopyranose mutase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis using substrate and tetrafluorinated substrate analogues. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:1230-44. [PMID: 25562380 DOI: 10.1021/ja511204p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
UDP-Galactopyranose mutase (UGM) is a flavin-containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of UDP-galactopyranose (UDP-Galp) to UDP-galactofuranose (UDP-Galf) and plays a key role in the biosynthesis of the mycobacterial cell wall galactofuran. A soluble, active form of UGM from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MtUGM) was obtained from a dual His6-MBP-tagged MtUGM construct. We present the first complex structures of MtUGM with bound substrate UDP-Galp (both oxidized flavin and reduced flavin). In addition, we have determined the complex structures of MtUGM with inhibitors (UDP and the dideoxy-tetrafluorinated analogues of both UDP-Galp (UDP-F4-Galp) and UDP-Galf (UDP-F4-Galf)), which represent the first complex structures of UGM with an analogue in the furanose form, as well as the first structures of dideoxy-tetrafluorinated sugar analogues bound to a protein. These structures provide detailed insight into ligand recognition by MtUGM and show an overall binding mode similar to those reported for other prokaryotic UGMs. The binding of the ligand induces conformational changes in the enzyme, allowing ligand binding and active-site closure. In addition, the complex structure of MtUGM with UDP-F4-Galf reveals the first detailed insight into how the furanose moiety binds to UGM. In particular, this study confirmed that the furanoside adopts a high-energy conformation ((4)E) within the catalytic pocket. Moreover, these investigations provide structural insights into the enhanced binding of the dideoxy-tetrafluorinated sugars compared to unmodified analogues. These results will help in the design of carbohydrate mimetics and drug development, and show the enormous possibilities for the use of polyfluorination in the design of carbohydrate mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin E van Straaten
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan , 110 Science Place, Saskatoon S7N 5C9, Canada
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20
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Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Difluoromethylation, Difluoromethylenation, and Polydifluoromethylenation Reactions. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2014_87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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N'Go I, Golten S, Ardá A, Cañada J, Jiménez-Barbero J, Linclau B, Vincent SP. Tetrafluorination of sugars as strategy for enhancing protein-carbohydrate affinity: application to UDP-Galp mutase inhibition. Chemistry 2013; 20:106-12. [PMID: 24311368 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Tetrafluorinated analogues of both UDP-galactopyranose and UDP-galactofuranose have been synthesized and assayed against UDP-galactopyranose mutase, a key enzyme for Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall biosynthesis. Competition assays and STD-NMR spectroscopy techniques have evidenced not only the first unambiguous case of affinity enhancement through local sugar polyfluorination, but also showed that tetrafluorination can still have a beneficial effect on binding when monofluorination at the same position does not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès N'Go
- Department of Chemistry, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000 Namur (Belgium)
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22
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Hu XG, Hunter L. Stereoselectively fluorinated N-heterocycles: a brief survey. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:2696-708. [PMID: 24367435 PMCID: PMC3869242 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The stereoselective incorporation of fluorine atoms into N-heterocycles can lead to dramatic changes in the molecules’ physical and chemical properties. These changes can be rationally exploited for the benefit of diverse fields such as medicinal chemistry and organocatalysis. This brief review will examine some of the effects that fluorine substitution can have in N-heterocycles, including changes to the molecules’ stability, their conformational behaviour, their hydrogen bonding ability, and their basicity. Finally, some methods for the synthesis of stereoselectively fluorinated N-heterocycles will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Guo Hu
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Luke Hunter
- School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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23
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Kaplan PT, Xu L, Chen B, McGarry KR, Yu S, Wang H, Vicic DA. Mild, Safe, and Versatile Reagents for (CF2)n Transfer and the Construction of Fluoroalkyl-Containing Rings. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om401016k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter T. Kaplan
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E. Packer
Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Long Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E. Packer
Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E. Packer
Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Katherine R. McGarry
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E. Packer
Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Siqi Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E. Packer
Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E. Packer
Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - David A. Vicic
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E. Packer
Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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24
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Konno T, Hoshino T, Kida T, Takano S, Ishihara T. Short synthetic preparation of enantiomerically pure tetrafluoroethylenated sugar derivatives. J Fluor Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Durantie E, Bucher C, Gilmour R. Fluorine-directed β-galactosylation: chemical glycosylation development by molecular editing. Chemistry 2012; 18:8208-15. [PMID: 22592962 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Validation of the 2-fluoro substituent as an inert steering group to control chemical glycosylation is presented. A molecular editing study has revealed that the exceptional levels of diastereocontrol in glycosylation processes by using 2-fluoro-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl glucopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate (TCA) scaffolds are a consequence of the 2R,3S,4S stereotriad. This study has also revealed that epimerization at C4, results in a substantial enhancement in β-selectivity (up to β/α 300:1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Durantie
- Laboratory for Organic Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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