1
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Westawker LP, Khusnutdinova JK, Wallick RF, Mirica LM. Palladium K-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Studies on Controlled Ligand Systems. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:21128-21137. [PMID: 38039413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is widely used across the life and physical sciences to identify the electronic properties and structure surrounding a specific element. XAS is less often used for the characterization of organometallic compounds, especially for sensitive and highly reactive species. In this study, we used solid- and solution-phase XAS to compare a series of 25 palladium complexes in controlled ligand environments. The compounds include palladium centers in the formal I, II, III, and IV oxidation states, supported by tridentate and tetradentate macrocyclic ligands, with different halide and methyl ligand combinations. The Pd K-edge energies increased not only upon oxidizing the metal center but also upon increasing the denticity of the ligand framework, substituting sigma-donating methyl groups with chlorides, and increasing the charge of the overall metal complex by replacing charged ligands with neutral ligands. These trends were then applied to characterize compounds whose oxidation states were otherwise unconfirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke P Westawker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Julia K Khusnutdinova
- Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Rachel F Wallick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Liviu M Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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2
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Chakrabarti S, Woods TJ, Mirica LM. Insights into the Mechanism of CO 2 Electroreduction by Molecular Palladium-Pyridinophane Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16801-16809. [PMID: 37787756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, and electrocatalytic CO2 reduction activity of a series of Pd(II) complexes supported by tetradentate pyridinophane ligands. In particular, we focus on the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction activity of a Pd(II) complex supported by the mixed hard--soft donor ligand 2,11-dithia[3.3](2,6)pyridinophane (N2S2). We also provide spectroscopic evidence of a CO-induced decomposition pathway for the same catalyst, which provides insights into catalyst poisoning for molecular Pd CO2 reduction electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagnik Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Toby J Woods
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Liviu M Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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3
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Characterization of paramagnetic states in an organometallic nickel hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst. Nat Commun 2023; 14:905. [PMID: 36807358 PMCID: PMC9938211 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36609-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the bioinorganic modeling of the paramagnetic states believed to be involved in the hydrogen redox chemistry catalyzed by [NiFe] hydrogenase. However, the characterization and isolation of intermediates involved in mononuclear Ni electrocatalysts which are reported to operate through a NiI/III cycle have largely remained elusive. Herein, we report a NiII complex (NCHS2)Ni(OTf)2, where NCHS2 is 3,7-dithia-1(2,6)-pyridina-5(1,3)-benzenacyclooctaphane, that is an efficient electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with turnover frequencies of ~3,000 s-1 and a overpotential of 670 mV in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid. This electrocatalyst follows a hitherto unobserved HER mechanism involving C-H activation, which manifests as an inverse kinetic isotope effect for the overall hydrogen evolution reaction, and NiI/NiIII intermediates, which have been characterized by EPR spectroscopy. We further validate the possibility of the involvement of NiIII intermediates by the independent synthesis and characterization of organometallic NiIII complexes.
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4
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Jackman KMK, Liang G, Boyle PD, Zimmerman PM, Blacquiere JM. Changes in ligand coordination mode induce bimetallic C-C coupling pathways. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3977-3991. [PMID: 35174382 PMCID: PMC8937615 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00322h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-carbon coupling is one of the most powerful tools in the organic synthesis arsenal. Known methodologies primarily exploit monometallic Pd0/PdII catalytic mechanisms to give new C-C bonds. Bimetallic C-C coupling mechanisms that involve a PdI/PdII redox cycle, remain underexplored. Thus, a detailed mechnaistic understanding is imperative for the development of new bimetallic catalysts. Previously, a PdII-Me dimer (1) supported by L1, which has phosphine and 1-azaallyl donor groups, underwent reductive elimination to give ethane, a PdI dimer, a PdII monometallic complex, and Pd black. Herein, a comprehensive experimental and computational study of the reactivity of 1 is presented, which reveals that the versatile coordination chemistry of L1 promotes bimetallic C-C bond formation. The phosphine 1-azaallyl ligand adopts various bridging modes to maintain the bimetallic structure throughout the C-C bond forming mechanism, which involves intramolecular methyl transfer and 1,1-reductive elimination from one of the palladium atoms. The minor byproduct, methane, likely forms through a monometallic intermediate that is sensitive to solvent C-H activation. Overall, the capacity of L1 to adopt different coordination modes promotes the bimetallic C-C coupling channel through pathways that are unattainable with statically-coordinated ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M K Jackman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, N6A 5B7.
| | - Guangchao Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | - Paul D Boyle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, N6A 5B7.
| | - Paul M Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | - Johanna M Blacquiere
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, N6A 5B7.
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5
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Yu X, Jin T, Wang K, Li D, Cheng L. Benchmark studies on the large errors of calculated binding energies in metallophilic interactions. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:104103. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0085213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Yu
- Anhui University - Qingyuan Campus, China
| | - Tong Jin
- Anhui University - Qingyuan Campus, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Anhui University - Qingyuan Campus, China
| | - Dan Li
- Anhui University - Qingyuan Campus, China
| | - Longjiu Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China
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6
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Sinha S, Tran GN, Na H, Mirica LM. Electrocatalytic H 2 evolution promoted by a bioinspired (N2S2)Ni(II) complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1143-1146. [PMID: 34981080 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05139c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A bioinspired (N2S2)Ni(II) electrocatalyst is reported that produces H2 from CF3CO2H with a turnover frequency (TOF) of ∼1250 s-1 at low acid concentration (<0.043 M) in MeCN. A mechanism for the H2 production by this electrocatalyst is proposed and its activity is benchmarked against those of other reported molecular Ni H2 evolution electrocatalysts. The involvement of a hemilabile pyridyl group of the N2S2 ligand is proposed to mimic the role of a cysteine residue involved in the biological proton reduction performed by [NiFe] hydrogenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumalya Sinha
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Giang N Tran
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Hanah Na
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
| | - Liviu M Mirica
- Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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7
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Young MC, Chand-Thakuri P, Alahakoon I, Liu D, Kapoor M, Kennedy JF, Jenkins KW, Rabon AM. Native Amine-Directed ortho-C–H Halogenation and Acetoxylation /Condensation of Benzylamines. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1625-9095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFree or unfunctionalized benzylamines are well known to participate in C–H activation in the presence of palladium salts. Despite the ease with which these complexes can be activated, subsequent functionalization of the dimeric cyclometalates can be challenging. We demonstrate herein a free primary amine based C–H activation/functionalization protocol that allows for the ortho-C–H chlorination and bromination of unprotected benzylamines. We also demonstrate how use of fluorine-based oxidants gives rise to a unique acetoxylation/cyclization owing to the nucleophilicity of the free primary amine directing group.
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8
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Bigi F, Cera G, Maggi R, Wang Y, Malacria M, Maestri G. Is Aromaticity a Driving Force in Catalytic Cycles? A Case from the Cycloisomerization of Enynes Catalyzed by All-Metal Aromatic Pd 3+ Clusters and Carboxylic Acids. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:10035-10043. [PMID: 34784222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c07253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The work details a mechanistic study based on density functional theory modeling on the cycloisomerization of polyunsaturated substrates catalyzed by all-metal aromatic tripalladium complexes and carboxylic acids. These clusters are an emerging class of catalysts for a variety of relevant transformations, including C-C forming processes that occur under mild conditions and display synthetic features complementary to those of established mononuclear complexes. This study is the first computational one devoted to the comprehension of the series of elementary steps involved in a synthetic transformation catalyzed by an all-metal aromatic complex. Present results confirm previous experimental hints on the striking mechanistic differences exerted by these clusters with respect to the usual cyclization pathways of related substrates. Moreover, the catalytic cycle involving present all-metal aromatic clusters closely parallels the mechanism of the aromatic substitution of regular arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Bigi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.,IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Cera
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Raimondo Maggi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Yanlan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, 252059 Liaocheng, China
| | - Max Malacria
- Sorbonne Université, Faculty of Science and Engineering, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (UMR CNRS 8232), 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Giovanni Maestri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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9
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Luo J, Tran GN, Rath NP, Mirica LM. Detection and Characterization of Mononuclear Pd(I) Complexes Supported by N2S2 and N4 Tetradentate Ligands. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15659-15669. [PMID: 33058678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Palladium is a versatile transition metal used to catalyze a large number of chemical transformations, largely due to its ability to access various oxidation states (0, I, II, III, and IV). Among these oxidation states, Pd(I) is arguably the least studied, and while dinuclear Pd(I) complexes are more common, mononuclear Pd(I) species are very rare. Reported herein are spectroscopic studies of a series of Pd(I) intermediates generated by the chemical reduction at low temperatures of Pd(II) precursors supported by the tetradentate ligands 2,11-dithia[3.3](2,6)pyridinophane (N2S2) and N,N'-di-tert-butyl-2,11-diaza[3.3](2,6)pyridinophane (tBuN4): [(N2S2)PdII(MeCN)]2(OTf)4 (1), [(N2S2)PdIIMe]2(OTf)2 (2), [(N2S2)PdIICl](OTf) (3), [(N2S2)PdIIX](OTf)2 (X = tBuNC 4, PPh3 5), [(N2S2)PdIIMe(PPh3)](OTf) (6), and [(tBuN4)PdIIX2](OTf)2 (X = MeCN 8, tBuNC 9). In addition, a stable Pd(I) dinuclear species, [(N2S2)PdI(μ-tBuNC)]2(ClO4)2 (7), was isolated upon the electrochemical reduction of 4 and structurally characterized. Moreover, the (tBuN4)PdI intermediates, formed from the chemical reduction of [(tBuN4)PdIIX2](OTf)2 (X = MeCN 8, tBuNC 9) complexes, were investigated by EPR spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and DFT calculations and compared with the analogous (N2S2)PdI systems. Upon probing the stability of Pd(I) species under different ligand environments, it is apparent that the presence of soft ligands such as tBuNC and PPh3 significantly improves the stability of Pd(I) species, which should make the isolation of mononuclear Pd(I) species possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States
| | - Giang N Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nigam P Rath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, One University Boulevard, St. Louis, Missouri 63121-4400, United States
| | - Liviu M Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 S. Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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10
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Lin J, Zou C, Zhang X, Gao Q, Suo S, Zhuo Q, Chang X, Xie M, Lu W. Highly phosphorescent organopalladium(ii) complexes with metal–metal-to-ligand charge-transfer excited states in fluid solutions. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:10417-10421. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02525a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Making Pd(ii) brightly shining: mononuclear analogues are non-emissive, but folded dinuclear palladium(ii) diacetylide complexes phosphoresce from MMLCT excited states with quantum yields up to 48%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiang Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Chao Zou
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Xiaobao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Qin Gao
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Sa Suo
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Qihang Zhuo
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Xiaoyong Chang
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Mo Xie
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Chemistry
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
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11
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Jones RC, Gardiner MG, Skelton BW, Tolhurst VA. Synthesis and structural studies of dicationic Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes of 2-(alkylchalcogenomethyl)pyridines, [M{NC5H4-2-(CH2ER)}2][PF6]2. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Rudenko AE, Clayman NE, Walker KL, Maclaren JK, Zimmerman PM, Waymouth RM. Ligand-Induced Reductive Elimination of Ethane from Azopyridine Palladium Dimethyl Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11408-11415. [PMID: 30160962 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Reductive elimination (RE) is a critical step in many catalytic processes. The reductive elimination of unsaturated groups (aryl, vinyl and ethynyl) from Pd(II) species is considerably faster than RE of saturated alkyl groups. Pd(II) dimethyl complexes ligated by chelating diimine ligands are stable toward RE unless subjected to a thermal or redox stimulus. Herein, we report the spontaneous RE of ethane from (azpy)PdMe2 complexes and the unique role of the redox-active azopyridine (azpy) ligands in facilitating this reaction. The (azpy)PdMe2 complexes are air- and moisture-stable in the solid form, but they readily produce ethane upon dissolution in polar solvents at temperatures from 10 °C to room temperature without the need for an external oxidant or elevated temperatures. Experimental and computational studies indicate that a bimolecular methyl transfer precedes the reductive elimination step, where both steps are facilitated by the redox-active azopyridine ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey E Rudenko
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305-5080 , United States
| | - Naomi E Clayman
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305-5080 , United States
| | - Katherine L Walker
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305-5080 , United States
| | - Jana K Maclaren
- Stanford Nano Shared Facilities , Stanford University , 476 Lomita Mall , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Paul M Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
| | - Robert M Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305-5080 , United States
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13
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Tang F, Park SV, Rath NP, Mirica LM. Electronic versus steric effects of pyridinophane ligands on Pd(iii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:1151-1158. [PMID: 29271467 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04366j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Several new PdII and PdIII complexes supported by electronically and sterically tuned tetradentate pyridinophane ligands MeN4OMe, MeN4, and tBuN4 were isolated and fully characterized (MeN4OMe: N,N'-dimethyl-2,11-diaza[3,3](2,6)-para-methoxypyridinophane; MeN4: N,N'-dimethyl-2,11-diaza[3,3](2,6)pyridinophane; tBuN4: N,N'-di-tert-butyl-2,11-diaza[3,3](2,6)pyridinophane). Cyclic voltammetry studies, UV-vis and EPR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography were employed to reveal that the steric properties of the N-substituents of the RN4 ligands have a pronounced effect on the electronic properties of the corresponding PdIII complexes, while the electronic tuning of the ligand pyridyl groups has a surprisingly minimal effect. An explanation for these observations was provided by DFT and TD-DFT calculations which suggest that the electronic properties of the PdIII complexes are mainly dictated by their frontier molecular orbitals that have major atomic contributions from the Pd center (mainly the Pd dz2 atomic orbital) and the axial N atom donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhi Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA.
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14
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Seyfi S, Alizadeh R, Darvish Ganji M, Amani V. Synthesis, spectral and luminescence study, crystal structure determination and DFT calculation of binuclear palladium(II) complexes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 190:298-311. [PMID: 28941414 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Binuclear palladium(II) complexes with metal-metal (d8-d8) bonding interaction were synthesized by reactions of the 1-methyl-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazole-5-thiol (Hmtzt) or a mixture of Hmtzt and 1,3-propanediamine (1,3-pda) ligands. Complex [Pd2(μ-mtzt)4]·2CH3CN (1) was synthesized by the reaction of Pd(OAc)2 with Hmtzt dissolved in acetonitrile and complex [Pd2(μ-mtzt)2(mtzt)2(1,3-pda)] (2) was synthesized by reaction of a mixture of Hmtzt and 1,3-propanediamine (dissolved in methanol) with PdCl2 (dissolved in acetonitrile) and were identified through elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis, 1H NMR, luminescence spectroscopy as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. A single-crystal of complex 1 shows that two Pd(II) centers are linked together by four bridging tetrazole ligands providing a paddle wheel-like arrangement. Also a crystal structure of complex 2 shows that this complex possesses a symmetric structure in which one Pd atom is tetra-coordinated by four sulfur atoms to forms PdS4 and other Pd atom is tetra-coordinated by four nitrogen to forms PdN4 coordination sphere. Density functional theory (DFT) was performed in this study for the Hmtzt ligand and binuclear palladium(II) complexes (1) and (2). The DFT calculation shows PdII-PdII bond lengths of 2.831 and 3.086Å in complex 1 and 2, respectively which are close to the observed bond lengths of 2.802(11) and 3.0911(17)Å from single-crystal X-ray structure. The optimized geometry of the complexes is shown good agreement by X-ray data. Structural properties and molecular descriptors including bond lengths, bond angles, chemical hardness, dipole moment, HOMO-LUMO energy levels, electron transfer were analyzed. The IR spectroscopy was performed using VEDA4 software and UV-Vis spectra were analyzed using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) method. The theoretical and experimental data were also compared with each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Seyfi
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, P.O. Box 36715-364, Damghan, Iran
| | - R Alizadeh
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, P.O. Box 36715-364, Damghan, Iran.
| | - M Darvish Ganji
- Department of Nanochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran.
| | - V Amani
- Department of Chemistry, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Wan Q, To WP, Yang C, Che CM. The Metal-Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Excited State and Supramolecular Polymerization of Luminescent Pincer PdII
-Isocyanide Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3089-3093. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Wai-Pong To
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation; Shenzhen Guangdong 518053 China
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16
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Wan Q, To WP, Yang C, Che CM. The Metal-Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Excited State and Supramolecular Polymerization of Luminescent Pincer PdII
-Isocyanide Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Wai-Pong To
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation; Shenzhen Guangdong 518053 China
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17
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Gavrish SP, Lampeka YD, Babak MV, Arion VB. Palladium Complexes of N,N'-Bis(2-aminoethyl)oxamide (H 2L): Structural (Pd IIL, Pd II2L 2, and Pd IVLCl 2), Electrochemical, Dynamic 1H NMR, and Cytotoxicity Studies. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:1288-1297. [PMID: 29308884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The monomeric (PdL·2H2O) and dimeric (Pd2L2·7H2O) palladium(II) complexes of N,N'-bis(2-aminoethyl)oxamide (H2L) were isolated, and their structures were established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Both compounds display identical cis-(2Namide + 2Namine) coordination environments of the metal ion. The dimer, representing a combination of two PdL species with an open lateral chelate ring, has an "open clamshell"-like structure. The intramolecular metal-metal separation in Pd2L2 (3.215 Å) is slightly shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii of the palladium(II) atoms. The dimeric complex is relatively stable to dissociation, and its spectral features in aqueous solutions have been compared to those of the monomeric complex. A 1H NMR spectroscopic study revealed the presence of the dynamic conformational exchange process assigned to a turning of the dimeric molecule "inside out" with an activation energy of 65 kJ/mol. Cyclic voltammetry of PdL in perchlorate-, chloride-, and sulfate-containing electrolytes revealed two-electron oxidation of the palladium center. For the dimeric complex similar, though irreversible, oxidation to the palladium(IV) state was observed in NaCl electrolyte. At the same time, in NaClO4 or Na2SO4 solutions oxidation of Pd2L2 occurs in two distinct steps. The first step is quasi-reversible and can be assigned to the formation of species in an intermediate PdIIIPdIII state. Monomeric palladium(IV) complex PdIVLCl2 was generated via chemical oxidation of PdIIL by peroxodisulfate in the presence of chloride ions and structurally characterized. The related MIIL complexes (M = Pd, Ni, Cu) showed low cytotoxicity in human cancer cell lines AGS (gastric adenocarcinoma) and HCT116 (colorectal carcinoma) with IC50 values from 204 to 525 μM, while the proligand H2L was devoid of antiproliferative activity (IC50 > 1000 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey P Gavrish
- L.V. Pisarzhevskii Institute of Physical Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , Prospekt Nauki 31, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
| | - Yaroslaw D Lampeka
- L.V. Pisarzhevskii Institute of Physical Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , Prospekt Nauki 31, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
| | - Maria V Babak
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore
| | - Vladimir B Arion
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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18
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Karami K, Alinaghi M, Amirghofran Z, Lipkowski J, Momtazi-borojeni AA. A saccharinate-bridged palladacyclic dimer with a Pd–Pd bond: experimental and molecular docking studies of the interaction with DNA and BSA and in vitro cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03138f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and biological activities of a saccharinate-bridged palladacyclic dimer are reported in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Karami
- Department of Chemistry
- Isfahan University of Technology
- Isfahan
- Iran
| | - Moloud Alinaghi
- Department of Chemistry
- Isfahan University of Technology
- Isfahan
- Iran
| | - Zahra Amirghofran
- Immunology Department
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
- Shiraz 71454
- Iran
| | - Janusz Lipkowski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- Kasprzaka 44/52
- 01-224 Warsaw
- Poland
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi-borojeni
- Department of Medical Biotechnology
- School of Medicine
- Student Research Committee
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
- Mashhad
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19
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Zou C, Lin J, Suo S, Xie M, Chang X, Lu W. Palladium(ii) N-heterocyclic allenylidene complexes with extended intercationic Pd⋯Pd interactions and MMLCT phosphorescence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:5319-5322. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01652f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Pallas's shine: extended intercationic Pd⋯Pd contacts of 3.30 Å show distinct MMLCT transitions and low-energy emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zou
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
| | - Jinqiang Lin
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Sa Suo
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Mo Xie
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences
| | - Xiaoyong Chang
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Chemistry
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
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20
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Seyfi S, Alizadeh R, Ganji MD, Amani V. Palladium(II) complexes with 1,2,4-triazole derivative & ethylene diamine as ligands, synthesis, characterization, luminesence study & crystal structure determination. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Patra SG, Shee NK, Drew MGB, Datta D. Palladium( ii)–palladium( ii) bonding in two open clamshell dinuclear complexes. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01604b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In two Pd(ii) dimers with Pd–Pd distance ≤3.26 Å, the metal–metal bond order is found to be zero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanti G. Patra
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Calcutta 700 032
- India
| | - Nirmal K. Shee
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Calcutta 700 032
- India
| | | | - Dipankar Datta
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Calcutta 700 032
- India
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22
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Krishnaswamy S, Chand DK. cis-Protected palladium(ii) based binuclear complexes as tectons in crystal engineering and the imperative role of the cis-protecting agent. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00654c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The shape and molecular packing of cis-protected Pd(ii) based binuclear complexes depends upon the ligand and cis-protecting agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dillip Kumar Chand
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600036
- India
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23
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Campos J, López-Serrano J, Peloso R, Carmona E. Methyl Complexes of the Transition Metals. Chemistry 2016; 22:6432-57. [PMID: 26991740 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Organometallic chemistry can be considered as a wide area of knowledge that combines concepts of classic organic chemistry, that is, based essentially on carbon, with molecular inorganic chemistry, especially with coordination compounds. Transition-metal methyl complexes probably represent the simplest and most fundamental way to view how these two major areas of chemistry combine and merge into novel species with intriguing features in terms of reactivity, structure, and bonding. Citing more than 500 bibliographic references, this review aims to offer a concise view of recent advances in the field of transition-metal complexes containing M-CH3 fragments. Taking into account the impressive amount of data that are continuously provided by organometallic chemists in this area, this review is mainly focused on results of the last five years. After a panoramic overview on M-CH3 compounds of Groups 3 to 11, which includes the most recent landmark findings in this area, two further sections are dedicated to methyl-bridged complexes and reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Campos
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Joaquín López-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química, Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Riccardo Peloso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química, Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ernesto Carmona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química, Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Avenida Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
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24
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Kouno M, Miyashita Y, Yoshinari N, Konno T. A 2,2′-Bipyridine Dipalladium(II) Coordination System That Shows Three Different Coordination Modes of 3-Aminopropanethiol on Deprotonation. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.150709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Kouno
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University
| | | | - Nobuto Yoshinari
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University
| | - Takumi Konno
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University
- CREST, JST
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25
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Lee CI, Shih WC, Zhou J, Reibenspies JH, Ozerov OV. Synthesis of Triborylalkenes from Terminal Alkynes by Iridium-Catalyzed Tandem CH Borylation and Diboration. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:14003-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Lee C, Shih W, Zhou J, Reibenspies JH, Ozerov OV. Synthesis of Triborylalkenes from Terminal Alkynes by Iridium‐Catalyzed Tandem CH Borylation and Diboration. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐I Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, TAMU ‐ 3255, College Station, TX 77843 (USA) http://www.chem.tamu.edu/rgroup/ozerov/
| | - Wei‐Chun Shih
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, TAMU ‐ 3255, College Station, TX 77843 (USA) http://www.chem.tamu.edu/rgroup/ozerov/
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001 (China)
| | - Joseph H. Reibenspies
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, TAMU ‐ 3255, College Station, TX 77843 (USA) http://www.chem.tamu.edu/rgroup/ozerov/
| | - Oleg V. Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, TAMU ‐ 3255, College Station, TX 77843 (USA) http://www.chem.tamu.edu/rgroup/ozerov/
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27
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Wada T, Enami K, Kojima R, Okada T, Ishikawa Y, Miyazato Y, Horn E, Mochizuki Y. Reversible Structural Changes Accompanying the Two-Electron Redox Reaction of Pt(tacn) (tacn: 1,4,7-triazacyclononane) Complexes. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20150097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Wada
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Research Center of Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University
| | - Koki Enami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Research Center of Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University
| | - Ryohei Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Research Center of Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University
| | - Tomoki Okada
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Research Center of Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University
| | - Yuki Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Research Center of Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University
| | - Yuji Miyazato
- School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Denki University
| | - Ernst Horn
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Research Center of Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University
| | - Yuji Mochizuki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Research Center of Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University
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28
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Structural conversion of a cyclic d-Penicillaminato tripalladium(II) complex by pyridine or 2-pyridinethiol. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-015-0496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Broere DLJ, Demeshko S, de Bruin B, Pidko EA, Reek JNH, Siegler MA, Lutz M, van der Vlugt JI. Dinuclear palladium complexes with two ligand-centered radicals and a single bridging ligand: subtle tuning of magnetic properties. Chemistry 2015; 21:5879-86. [PMID: 25735905 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The facile and tunable preparation of unique dinuclear [(L(⋅))Pd-X-Pd(L(⋅))] complexes (X = Cl or N3), bearing a ligand radical on each Pd, is disclosed, as well as their magnetochemistry in solution and solid state is reported. Chloride abstraction from [PdCl(NNO(ISQ))] (NNO(ISQ) = iminosemiquinonato) with TlPF6 results in an unusual monochlorido-bridged dinuclear open-shell diradical species, [{Pd(NNO(ISQ))}2(μ-Cl)](+), with an unusually small Pd-Cl-Pd angle (ca. 93°, determined by X-ray). This suggests an intramolecular d(8)-d(8) interaction, which is supported by DFT calculations. SQUID measurements indicate moderate antiferromagnetic spin exchange between the two ligand radicals and an overall singlet ground state in the solid state. VT EPR spectroscopy shows a transient signal corresponding to a triplet state between 20 and 60 K. Complex 2 reacts with PPh3 to generate [Pd(NNO(ISQ))(PPh3)](+) and one equivalent of [PdCl(NNO(ISQ))]. Reacting an 1:1 mixture of [PdCl(NNO(ISQ))] and [Pd(N3)(NNO(ISQ))] furnishes the 1,1-azido-bridged dinuclear diradical [{Pd(NNO(ISQ))}2(κ(1)-N;μ-N3](+), with a Pd-N-Pd angle close to 127° (X-ray). Magnetic and EPR measurements indicate two independent S = 1/2 spin carriers and no magnetic interaction in the solid state. The two diradical species both show no spin exchange in solution, likely because of unhindered rotation around the Pd-X-Pd core. This work demonstrates that a single bridging atom can induce subtle and tunable changes in structural and magnetic properties of novel dinuclear Pd complexes featuring two ligand-based radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniël L J Broere
- Homogeneous, Bioinspired & Supramolecular Catalysis van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam (The Netherlands)
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30
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Mitra I, Ghosh GK, Mukherjee S, Reddy B. VP, Linert W, Kubel F, Rocquefelte X, Moi SC. PdII–PdII bonding interaction in dinuclear PdII complex with non-macrocyclic (O&N) chelates: Characterization, kinetics and DFT study. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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31
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Petersen AR, Taylor RA, Vicente-Hernández I, Mallender PR, Olley H, White AJP, Britovsek GJP. Oxygen Insertion into Metal Carbon Bonds: Formation of Methylperoxo Pd(II) and Pt(II) Complexes via Photogenerated Dinuclear Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:14089-99. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5055143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Allan R. Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition
Road, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Russell A. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition
Road, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | | | - Philip R. Mallender
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition
Road, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Harriet Olley
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition
Road, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition
Road, London, SW7 2AZ, U.K
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32
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Xu P, Wu H, Jia H, Ye S, Du P. Linear Bimetallic Alkynylplatinum(II) Terpyridyl Complexes Bearing p-Phenylene Ethynylene Oligomers: Synthesis, Characterization, Aggregation, and Photophysical Properties. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500115s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China 230026
| | - Haotian Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China 230026
| | - Hongxing Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China 230026
| | - Shifan Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China 230026
| | - Pingwu Du
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department
of Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China 230026
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33
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Kornecki KP, Berry JF, Powers DC, Ritter T. MetalMetal Bond-Containing Complexes as Catalysts for CH Functionalization. PROGRESS IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118792797.ch04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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34
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Petersen AR, Taylor RA, Vicente-Hernández I, Heinzer J, White AJP, Britovsek GJP. Light-Driven Methyl Exchange Reactions in Square-Planar Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) Complexes. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500048t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allan R. Petersen
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Russell A. Taylor
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | | | - Jasmin Heinzer
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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35
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Qu F, Khusnutdinova JR, Rath NP, Mirica LM. Dioxygen activation by an organometallic Pd(ii) precursor: formation of a Pd(iv)–OH complex and its C–O bond formation reactivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:3036-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49387c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An isolable Pd(iv)–OH complex formed upon aerobic oxidation of an organometallic Pd(ii) precursor exhibits selective C(sp2)–O bond formation reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengrui Qu
- Department of Chemistry
- Washington University
- St. Louis, USA
| | | | - Nigam P. Rath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- One University Boulevard
- University of Missouri
- St. Louis, USA
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36
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Chow PK, To WP, Low KH, Che CM. Luminescent palladium(II) complexes with π-extended cyclometalated [R-C^N^N-R'] and pentafluorophenylacetylide ligands: spectroscopic, photophysical, and photochemical properties. Chem Asian J 2013; 9:534-45. [PMID: 24203620 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201301059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A series of cyclometalated Pd(II) complexes that contain π-extended R-C^N^N-R' (R-C^N^N-R'=3-(6'-aryl-2'-pyridinyl)isoquinoline) and chloride/pentafluorophenylacetylide ligands have been synthesized and their photophysical and photochemical properties examined. The complexes with the chloride ligand are emissive only in the solid state and in glassy solutions at 77 K, whereas the ones with the pentafluorophenylacetylide ligand show phosphorescence in the solid state (λmax =584-632 nm) and in solution (λmax =533-602 nm) at room temperature. Some of the complexes with the pentafluorophenylacetylide ligand show emission with λmax at 585-602 nm upon an increase in the complex concentration in solutions. These Pd(II) complexes can act as photosensitizers for the light-induced aerobic oxidation of amines. In the presence of 0.1 mol% Pd(II) complex, secondary amines can be oxidized to the corresponding imines with substrate conversions and product yields up to 100 and 99%, respectively. In the presence of 0.15 mol% Pd(II) complex, the oxidative cyanation of tertiary amines could be performed with product yields up to 91%. The Pd(II) complexes have also been used to sensitize photochemical hydrogen production with a three-component system that comprises the Pd(II) complex, [Co(dmgH)2 (py)Cl] (dmgH=dimethylglyoxime; py=pyridine), and triethanolamine, and a maximum turnover of hydrogen production of 175 in 4 h was achieved. The excited-state electron-transfer properties of the Pd(II) complexes have been examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Keong Chow
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong (P.R. China), Fax: (+852) 2915-5176
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37
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Luo J, Rath NP, Mirica LM. Oxidative Reactivity of (N2S2)PdRX Complexes (R = Me, Cl; X = Me, Cl, Br): Involvement of Palladium(III) and Palladium(IV) Intermediates. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400286j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States
| | - Nigam P. Rath
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, One University
Boulevard, University of Missouri−St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121-4400, United States
| | - Liviu M. Mirica
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, United States
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38
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Weber M, Klein JEMN, Miehlich B, Frey W, Peters R. Monomeric Ferrocene Bis-Imidazoline Bis-Palladacycles: Variation of Pd–Pd Distances by an Interplay of Metallophilic, Dispersive, and Coulombic Interactions. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400360d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Weber
- Institut für
Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569
Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes E. M. N. Klein
- Institut für
Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569
Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Burkhard Miehlich
- Institut für
Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569
Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institut für
Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569
Stuttgart, Germany
| | - René Peters
- Institut für
Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569
Stuttgart, Germany
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Durrell AC, Jackson MN, Hazari N, Gray HB. Making Carbon–Chlorine Bonds by Dipalladium Electrocatalysis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201201498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alec C. Durrell
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA, http://www.bilrc.caltech.edu
| | - Megan N. Jackson
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA, http://www.bilrc.caltech.edu
| | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P. O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Harry B. Gray
- Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories of Chemical Synthesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA, http://www.bilrc.caltech.edu
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Powers DC, Lee E, Ariafard A, Sanford MS, Yates BF, Canty AJ, Ritter T. Connecting Binuclear Pd(III) and Mononuclear Pd(IV) Chemistry by Pd–Pd Bond Cleavage. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:12002-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja304401u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David C. Powers
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12
Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Eunsung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12
Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania
7001, Australia
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrak Gharb, Tehran, Iran
| | - Melanie S. Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue,
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Brian F. Yates
- School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania
7001, Australia
| | - Allan J. Canty
- School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 75, Hobart, Tasmania
7001, Australia
| | - Tobias Ritter
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12
Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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Nebra N, Ladeira S, Maron L, Martin‐Vaca B, Bourissou D. Walking Metals in d
8
⋅⋅⋅d
8
Hetero‐bimetallic Complexes: An Original Dynamic Phenomenon. Chemistry 2012; 18:8474-81. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noel Nebra
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse (France)
- CNRS, LHFA UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse (France)
| | - Sonia Ladeira
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Institut de Chimie de Toulouse, FR2599, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse (France)
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université Paul Sabatier and INSA, UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse (France)
- CNRS, LPCNO UMR5215, 31077 Toulouse (France)
| | - Blanca Martin‐Vaca
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse (France)
- CNRS, LHFA UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse (France)
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, LHFA, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse (France)
- CNRS, LHFA UMR 5069, 31062 Toulouse (France)
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