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González-Férez R, Omiste JJ. Full control of the orientation of non-symmetric molecules using weak and moderate electric fields. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4533-4540. [PMID: 38241023 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05592b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the full control over the orientation of a planar non-symmetric molecule by using moderate and weak electric fields. Quantum optimal control techniques allow us to orient any axis of 6-chloropyridazine-3-carbonitrile, which is taken as prototype example here, along the electric field direction. We perform a detailed analysis by exploring the impact on the molecular orientation of the time scale and strength of the control field. The underlying physical phenomena allowing for the control of the orientation are interpreted in terms of the frequencies contributing to the field-dressed dynamics and to the driving field by a spectral analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario González-Férez
- Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional and Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan J Omiste
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Nautiyal VV, Devi S, Tyagi A, Vidhani B, Maan A, Prasad V. Orientation and Alignment dynamics of polar molecule driven by shaped laser pulses. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 256:119663. [PMID: 33827039 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We review the theoretical status of intense laser induced orientation and alignment-a field of study which lies at the interface of intense laser physics and chemical dynamics and having potential applications such as high harmonic generation, nano-scale processing and control of chemical reactions. The evolution of the rotational wave packet and its dynamics leading to orientation and alignment is the topic of the present discussion. The major part of this article primarily presents an overview of recent theoretical progress in controlling the orientation and alignment dynamics of a molecule by means of shaped laser pulses. The various theoretical approaches that lead to orientation and alignment such as static electrostatic field in combination with laser field(s), combination of orienting and aligning field, combination of aligning fields, combination of orienting fields, application of train of pulses etc. are discussed. It is observed that the train of pulses is quite an efficient tool for increasing the orientation or alignment of a molecule without causing the molecule to ionize. The orientation and alignment both can occur in adiabatic and non-adiabatic conditions with the rotational period of the molecule taken under consideration. The discussion is mostly limited to non-adiabatic rotational excitation (NAREX) i.e. cases in which the pulse duration is shorter than the rotational period of the molecule. We have emphasised on the so called half-cycle pulse (HCP) and square pulse (SQP). The effect of ramped pulses and of collision on the various laser parameters is also studied. We summarize the current discussion by presenting a consistent theoretical approach for describing the action of such pulses on movement of molecules. The impact of a particular pulse shape on the post-pulse dynamics is also calculated and analysed. In addition to this, the roles played by various laser parameters including the laser frequency, the pulse duration and the system temperature etc. are illustrated and discussed. The concept of alignment is extended from one-dimensional alignment to three-dimensional alignment with the proper choice of molecule and the polarised light. We conclude the article by discussing the potential applications of intense laser orientation and alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijit V Nautiyal
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Sumana Devi
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110007, India; Department of Physics, Miranda House College, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Ashish Tyagi
- Department of Physics, Swami Shradhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110036, India
| | - Bhavna Vidhani
- Department of Physics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Anjali Maan
- Department of Physics, Pt.N.R.S.G.C.Rohtak, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Vinod Prasad
- Department of Physics, Swami Shradhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, Delhi 110036, India.
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Thesing LV, Küpper J, González-Férez R. Time-dependent analysis of the mixed-field orientation of molecules without rotational symmetry. J Chem Phys 2018; 146:244304. [PMID: 28668039 DOI: 10.1063/1.4986954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a theoretical study of the mixed-field orientation of molecules without rotational symmetry. The time-dependent one-dimensional and three-dimensional orientation of a thermal ensemble of 6-chloropyridazine-3-carbonitrile molecules in combined linearly or elliptically polarized laser fields and tilted dc electric fields is computed. The results are in good agreement with recent experimental results of one-dimensional orientation for weak dc electric fields [J. L. Hansen, J. Chem. Phys. 139, 234313 (2013)]. Moreover, they predict that using elliptically polarized laser fields or strong dc fields, three-dimensional orientation is obtained. The field-dressed dynamics of excited rotational states is characterized by highly non-adiabatic effects. We analyze the sources of these non-adiabatic effects and investigate their impact on the mixed-field orientation for different field configurations in mixed-field-orientation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda V Thesing
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Küpper
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rosario González-Férez
- Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional and Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Grohmann T, Seideman T, Leibscher M. Theory of torsional control for G16-type molecules. J Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4997462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grohmann
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tamar Seideman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Monika Leibscher
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Appelstr. 2, 30167 Hannover, Germany
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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Floß J, Brumer P. Laser-induced molecular alignment in the presence of chaotic rotational dynamics. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:124313. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4979061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Floß
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Paul Brumer
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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Kienitz JS, Trippel S, Mullins T, Długołęcki K, González‐Férez R, Küpper J. Adiabatic Mixed‐Field Orientation of Ground‐State‐Selected Carbonyl Sulfide Molecules. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:3740-3746. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens S. Kienitz
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL) Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestrasse 85 22607 Hamburg Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging University of Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany
| | - Sebastian Trippel
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL) Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestrasse 85 22607 Hamburg Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging University of Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany
| | - Terry Mullins
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL) Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestrasse 85 22607 Hamburg Germany
| | - Karol Długołęcki
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL) Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestrasse 85 22607 Hamburg Germany
| | - Rosario González‐Férez
- Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional and Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Jochen Küpper
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL) Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestrasse 85 22607 Hamburg Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging University of Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany
- Department of Physics University of Hamburg Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany
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Chang YP, Horke DA, Trippel S, Küpper J. Spatially-controlled complex molecules and their applications. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2015.1077838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Pin Chang
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel A. Horke
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Trippel
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Küpper
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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Trippel S, Mullins T, Müller NLM, Kienitz JS, González-Férez R, Küpper J. Two-state wave packet for strong field-free molecular orientation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:103003. [PMID: 25815928 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.103003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate strong laser-field-free orientation of absolute-ground-state carbonyl sulfide molecules. The molecules are oriented by the combination of a 485-ps-long nonresonant laser pulse and a weak static electric field. The edges of the laser pulse create a coherent superposition of two rotational states resulting in revivals of strong transient molecular orientation after the laser pulse. The experimentally attained degree of orientation ⟨cosθ⟩≈0.6 corresponds to the theoretical maximum for mixing of the two states. Switching off the dc field would provide the same orientation completely field free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Trippel
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Terry Mullins
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nele L M Müller
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens S Kienitz
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rosario González-Férez
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional and Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jochen Küpper
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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Hansen JL, Omiste JJ, Nielsen JH, Pentlehner D, Küpper J, González-Férez R, Stapelfeldt H. Mixed-field orientation of molecules without rotational symmetry. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:234313. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4848735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Dahiya B, Tyagi A, Prasad V. Dynamics of orientation of adsorbed polar molecules in static electric and laser field. Mol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2013.856487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brijender Dahiya
- Department of Physics, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Tyagi
- Department of Physics, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Prasad
- Department of Physics, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Lemeshko
- a ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , Cambridge , MA , 02138 , USA
- b Physics Department , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA , 02138 , USA
- c Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , 93106 , USA
| | - Roman V. Krems
- c Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA , 93106 , USA
- d Department of Chemistry , University of British Columbia , BC V6T 1Z1, Vancouver , Canada
| | - John M. Doyle
- b Physics Department , Harvard University , Cambridge , MA , 02138 , USA
| | - Sabre Kais
- e Departments of Chemistry and Physics , Purdue University , West Lafayette , IN , 47907 , USA
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Ashwell BA, Ramakrishna S, Seideman T. Laser-driven torsional coherences. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:044310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4773009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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13
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Nielsen JH, Stapelfeldt H, Küpper J, Friedrich B, Omiste JJ, González-Férez R. Making the best of mixed-field orientation of polar molecules: a recipe for achieving adiabatic dynamics in an electrostatic field combined with laser pulses. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:193001. [PMID: 23003030 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.193001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have experimentally and theoretically investigated the mixed-field orientation of rotational-state-selected OCS molecules and achieved strong degrees of alignment and orientation. The applied moderately intense nanosecond laser pulses are long enough to adiabatically align molecules. However, in combination with a weak dc electric field, the same laser pulses result in nonadiabatic dynamics of the mixed-field orientation. These observations are fully explained by calculations employing both adiabatic and nonadiabatic (time-dependent) models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens H Nielsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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