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Tureček F. UV-vis spectroscopy of gas-phase ions. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:206-226. [PMID: 34392556 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photodissociation action spectroscopy has made a great progress in expanding investigations of gas-phase ion structures. This review deals with aspects of gas-phase ion electronic excitations that result in wavelength-dependent dissociation and light emission via fluorescence, chiefly covering the ultraviolet and visible regions of the spectrum. The principles are briefly outlined and a few examples of instrumentation are presented. The main thrust of the review is to collect and selectively present applications of UV-vis action spectroscopy to studies of stable gas-phase ion structures and combinations of spectroscopy with ion mobility, collision-induced dissociation, and ion-ion reactions leading to the generation of reactive intermediates and electronic energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Tureček
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Plattner M, Baloglou A, Ončák M, van der Linde C, Beyer MK. Structural Properties of Gas-Phase Molybdenum Oxide Clusters [Mo 4O 13] 2-, [HMo 4O 13] -, and [CH 3Mo 4O 13] - Studied by Collision-Induced Dissociation. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:1946-1955. [PMID: 31420847 PMCID: PMC6805806 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02294-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Molybdenum oxide-based catalysts are widely used for the ammoxidation of toluene, methanation of CO, or hydrodeoxygenation. As a first step towards a gas-phase model system, we investigate here structural properties of mass-selected [Mo4O13]2-, [HMo4O13]-, and [CH3Mo4O13]- by a combination of collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments and quantum chemical calculations. According to calculations, the common structural motif is an eight-membered ring composed of four MoO2 units and four O atoms. The 13th O atom is located above the center of the ring and connects two to four Mo centers. For [Mo4O13]2- and [HMo4O13]-, dissociation requires opening or rearrangement of the ring structure, which is quite facile for the doubly charged [Mo4O13]2-, but energetically more demanding for [HMo4O13]-. In the latter case, the hydrogen atom is found to stay preferentially with the negatively charged fragments [HMo2O7]- or [HMoO4]-. The doubly charged species [Mo4O13]2- loses one MoO3 unit at low energies while Coulomb explosion into the complementary fragments [Mo2O6]- and [Mo2O7]- dominates at elevated collision energies. [CH3Mo4O13]- affords rearrangements of the methyl group with low barriers, preferentially eliminating formaldehyde, while the ring structure remains intact. [CH3Mo4O13]- also reacts efficiently with water, leading to methanol or formaldehyde elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Plattner
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Aristeidis Baloglou
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Milan Ončák
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian van der Linde
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin K Beyer
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Cao W, Zhang Y, Nyambo S, Yang DS. Spectroscopy and formation of lanthanum-hydrocarbon radicals formed by C—H and C—C bond activation of 1-pentene and 2-pentene. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:034303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5022771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - Silver Nyambo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - Dong-Sheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
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Cao W, Hewage D, Yang DS. Spectroscopy and formation of lanthanum-hydrocarbon radicals formed by association and carbon-carbon bond cleavage of isoprene. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:194302. [PMID: 30307187 DOI: 10.1063/1.5026899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
La atom reaction with isoprene is carried out in a laser-vaporization molecular beam source. The reaction yields an adduct as the major product and C-C cleaved and dehydrogenated species as the minor ones. La(C5H8), La(C2H2), and La(C3H4) are characterized with mass-analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) spectroscopy and quantum chemical computations. The MATI spectra of all three species exhibit a strong origin band and several weak vibronic bands corresponding to La-ligand stretch and ligand-based bend excitations. La(C5H8) is a five-membered metallacycle, whereas La(C2H2) and La(C3H4) are three-membered rings. All three metallacycles prefer a doublet ground state with a La 6s1-based valence electron configuration and a singlet ion. The five-membered metallacycle is formed through La addition and isoprene isomerization, whereas the two three-membered rings are produced by La addition and insertion, hydrogen migration, and carbon-carbon bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - Dilrukshi Hewage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - Dong-Sheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
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Cao W, Hewage D, Yang DS. Lanthanum-mediated dehydrogenation of butenes: Spectroscopy and formation of La(C4H6) isomers. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:044312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5017615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - Dilrukshi Hewage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - Dong-Sheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
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Cao W, Hewage D, Yang DS. Lanthanum-mediated dehydrogenation of 1- and 2-butynes: Spectroscopy and formation of La(C4H4) isomers. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:064303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4997567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - Dilrukshi Hewage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - Dong-Sheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
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Marsh BM, Voss JM, Garand E. A dual cryogenic ion trap spectrometer for the formation and characterization of solvated ionic clusters. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:204201. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4936360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brett M. Marsh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Voss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Etienne Garand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Lam TW, van der Linde C, Akhgarnusch A, Hao Q, Beyer MK, Siu CK. Reduction of Acetonitrile by Hydrated Magnesium Cations Mg + (H 2 O) n (n≈20-60) in the Gas Phase. Chempluschem 2013; 78:1040-1048. [PMID: 31986721 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201300170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ion-molecule reactions of Mg+ (H2 O)n (n≈20-60) with CH3 CN are studied by Fourier-transform ion-cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Collision with CH3 CN initiates the formation of MgOH+ (H2 O)n-1 together with CH3 CHN. or CH3 CNH. , which is similar to the reaction of hydrated electrons (H2 O)n - with CH3 CN. In subsequent reaction steps, three more CH3 CN molecules are taken up by the clusters, to form MgOH+ (CH3 CN)3 after a reaction delay of 60 seconds. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the M06/6-31++G(d,p) level of theory suggest that the bending motion of CH3 CN allows the unpaired electron that is solvated out from the Mg center to localize in a π*(CN)-like orbital of the bent CH3 CN.- , which undergoes spontaneous proton transfer to form CH3 CNH. or CH3 CHN. , with the former being kinetically more favorable. The reaction energy for a cluster with the hexacoordinated Mg center is more exothermic than that with the pentacoordinated Mg. The CH3 CNH. or CH3 CHN. is preferentially solvated on the cluster surface rather than at the first solvation shell of the Mg center. By contrast, the three additional CH3 CN molecules taken up by the resulting MgOH+ (H2 O)n clusters coordinate directly to the first solvation shell of the MgOH+ core, as revealed by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim-Wai Lam
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong (P. R. China), Fax: (+852) 3442-0522
| | - Christian van der Linde
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel (Germany), Fax: (+49) 431-880-2830
| | - Amou Akhgarnusch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel (Germany), Fax: (+49) 431-880-2830
| | - Qiang Hao
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong (P. R. China), Fax: (+852) 3442-0522
| | - Martin K Beyer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstraße 40, 24098 Kiel (Germany), Fax: (+49) 431-880-2830
| | - Chi-Kit Siu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong (P. R. China), Fax: (+852) 3442-0522
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Kaufman SH, Weber JM. Spectroscopy and Photochemistry of Sodium Chromate Ester Cluster Ions. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:2144-51. [DOI: 10.1021/jp309380v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sydney H. Kaufman
- JILA and Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
80309-0440, United States
| | - J. Mathias Weber
- JILA and Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado
80309-0440, United States
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Rutkowski PX, Michelini MDC, Gibson JK. Proton Transfer in Th(IV) Hydrate Clusters: A Link to Hydrolysis of Th(OH)22+ to Th(OH)3+ in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:451-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp309658x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip X. Rutkowski
- Chemical Sciences
Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | - John K. Gibson
- Chemical Sciences
Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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