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Pérez-Botella E, Valencia S, Rey F. Zeolites in Adsorption Processes: State of the Art and Future Prospects. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17647-17695. [PMID: 36260918 PMCID: PMC9801387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Zeolites have been widely used as catalysts, ion exchangers, and adsorbents since their industrial breakthrough in the 1950s and continue to be state-of the-art adsorbents in many separation processes. Furthermore, their properties make them materials of choice for developing and emerging separation applications. The aim of this review is to put into context the relevance of zeolites and their use and prospects in adsorption technology. It has been divided into three different sections, i.e., zeolites, adsorption on nanoporous materials, and chemical separations by zeolites. In the first section, zeolites are explained in terms of their structure, composition, preparation, and properties, and a brief review of their applications is given. In the second section, the fundamentals of adsorption science are presented, with special attention to its industrial application and our case of interest, which is adsorption on zeolites. Finally, the state-of-the-art relevant separations related to chemical and energy production, in which zeolites have a practical or potential applicability, are presented. The replacement of some of the current separation methods by optimized adsorption processes using zeolites could mean an improvement in terms of sustainability and energy savings. Different separation mechanisms and the underlying adsorption properties that make zeolites interesting for these applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fernando Rey
- . Phone: +34 96 387 78 00.
Fax: +34 96 387 94
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Pinar AB, Rzepka P, Knorpp AJ, McCusker LB, Baerlocher C, Huthwelker T, van Bokhoven JA. Pinpointing and Quantifying the Aluminum Distribution in Zeolite Catalysts Using Anomalous Scattering at the Al Absorption Edge. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17926-17930. [PMID: 34695360 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The location of aluminum in a zeolite framework structure defines the accessibility and geometry of the catalytically active sites, but determining this location crystallographically is fraught with difficulties. Typical zeolite catalysts contain only a small amount of aluminum, and the X-ray scattering factors for silicon and aluminum are very similar. To address this problem, we have exploited the properties of resonant X-ray powder diffraction across the Al K edge, where the aluminum scattering factor changes dramatically. By combining conventional synchrotron powder diffraction data with those collected at energies near the X-ray absorption edge, aluminum is highlighted. In this way, the different distributions of aluminum in two FER-type zeolites with identical chemical compositions but different catalytic properties could be determined unambiguously. The results are consistent with previous studies, but quantitative. This approach constitutes a major advance in our fundamental understanding of the relationship between zeolite structure and catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Pinar
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Przemyslaw Rzepka
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland.,Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amy J Knorpp
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Thomas Huthwelker
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen A van Bokhoven
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland.,Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Yu Y, Li X, Krishna R, Liu Y, Cui Y, Du J, Liang Z, Song X, Yu J. Enhancing CO 2 Adsorption and Separation Properties of Aluminophosphate Zeolites by Isomorphous Heteroatom Substitutions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:43570-43577. [PMID: 30512947 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mg, Co-substituted aluminophosphate zeolites with ERI framework topology (denoted as MgAPO-ERI and CoAPO-ERI) have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions by using N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine as organic template. Their CO2 adsorption properties are investigated in comparison to those of the pure aluminophosphate counterpart AlPO-ERI. CoAPO-ERI shows the highest CO2 uptake of 57.3 cm3 g-1 (273 K and 1 bar) and the highest isosteric heat of 39.0 kJ mol-1 among the three samples. Importantly, the incorporation of Mg2+ and Co2+ ions in the framework of AlPO-ERI can greatly improve the adsorption selectivities of CO2 over CH4 and N2. Whereafter, transient breakthrough simulations were investigated and further proved the advantages of heteroatoms for separations. These results demonstrate that isomorphous heteroatom substitutions in aluminophosphate zeolites play a key role in enhancing CO2 adsorption and separation abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xu Li
- School of Chemical Engineering & Light Industry , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China
| | - Rajamani Krishna
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences , University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904 , Amsterdam 1098 XH , The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaowei Song
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Charles University in Prague , Prague 2 128 43 , Czech Republic
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Jangir R, Kalita AC, Kaleeswaran D, Gupta SK, Murugavel R. A [4+2] Condensation Strategy to Imine-Linked Single-Crystalline Zeolite-Like Zinc Phosphate Frameworks. Chemistry 2018; 24:6178-6190. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ritambhara Jangir
- Department of Chemistry; Institution Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai- 400076 India
| | - Alok Ch. Kalita
- Department of Chemistry; Institution Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai- 400076 India
| | - Dhananjayan Kaleeswaran
- Department of Chemistry; Institution Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai- 400076 India
| | - Sandeep K. Gupta
- Department of Chemistry; Institution Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai- 400076 India
| | - Ramaswamy Murugavel
- Department of Chemistry; Institution Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai; Mumbai- 400076 India
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Oda A, Ohkubo T, Yumura T, Kobayashi H, Kuroda Y. Why do zeolites induce an unprecedented electronic state on exchanged metal ions? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:25105-25114. [PMID: 28880028 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02669b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the exact position and the detailed role of the Al array in zeolites is essential for elucidating the origin of unique properties that can be derived from the metal-ion exchanged in zeolite samples and for designing zeolite materials with high efficiency in catalytic and adsorption processes. In this work, we investigate, for the first time, the important role of the Al array in the reactivity observed on the metal-ion exchanged in zeolites on the basis of the calculation method by utilizing the spontaneous heterolytic cleavage of H2 observed experimentally on the Zn2+-ion exchanged in MFI-type zeolites (Zn2+-MFI) as the model reaction. In the case of calculation, two main types of models for considering the Al positions in MFI-type zeolites were adopted: in the first type, the Al atoms with appropriate distances are aligned in the circumferential direction of the straight channel (abbreviated as a circumferentially arrayed Al-Al site); in the second type, the nearest neighbouring Al atoms with appropriate distances are directed toward the straight channel axis (abbreviated as a channel directionally arrayed Al-Al site). Results indicated that the Al-array direction governs the reactivity of Zn2+-MFI. The former type of array well explains the experimental fact that spontaneous and irreversible heterolysis of H2 takes place on Zn2+-MFI, even at room temperature, whereas the latter type of array is less reactive; high activation energy is required for the heterolytic cleavage of H2 (ca. >70 kJ mol-1). A detailed analysis of the geometric and electronic structures of a series of Zn2+-MFI models with various Al-array directions clarified the following facts: the circumferentially arrayed Al-Al site induces an inevitable environment around the Zn2+ site, with the simultaneous existence of both a Lewis acid point (coordinatively unsaturated and distorted Zn2+) and a Lewis base point (the lattice oxygen atom juxtaposed with exchanged Zn2+, which participates in the activation of H2: OjL). It is the circumferentially arrayed Al-Al atoms that confer acidic and basic nature on the metal ion and the lattice oxygen atom (OjL), and ultimately trigger the heterolytic dissociation of H2, even at 300 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Oda
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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Bohinc R, Hoszowska J, Dousse JC, Błachucki W, Zeeshan F, Kayser Y, Nachtegaal M, Pinar AB, van Bokhoven JA. Distribution of aluminum over different T-sites in ferrierite zeolites studied with aluminum valence to core X-ray emission spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:29271-29277. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05001a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The potential of valence to core Al X-ray emission spectroscopy to determine aluminum distribution in ferrierite zeolites was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Bohinc
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)
- Switzerland
| | - J. Hoszowska
- Department of Physics
- University of Fribourg
- CH-1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
| | - J.-Cl. Dousse
- Department of Physics
- University of Fribourg
- CH-1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
| | - W. Błachucki
- Department of Physics
- University of Fribourg
- CH-1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
| | - F. Zeeshan
- Department of Physics
- University of Fribourg
- CH-1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
| | - Y. Kayser
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)
- Switzerland
| | | | | | - J. A. van Bokhoven
- Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI)
- Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences
- ETH Zürich
- CH-8093 Zürich
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Pan M, Wang C. Recent Advances in CO 2Capture by Functionalized Ionic Liquids. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2015-1194.ch014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingguang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Congmin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, ZJU-NHU United R&D Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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Vitillo JG. Magnesium-based systems for carbon dioxide capture, storage and recycling: from leaves to synthetic nanostructured materials. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02835c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium is used as leitmotif in this review in order to explore the systems involved in natural and artificial CO2 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny G. Vitillo
- Department of Science and High Technology
- Università dell'Insubria
- 22100 Como
- Italy
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Wan MM, Zhu HY, Li YY, Ma J, Liu S, Zhu JH. Novel CO2-capture derived from the basic ionic liquids orientated on mesoporous materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:12947-12955. [PMID: 25032910 DOI: 10.1021/am5028814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two new basic ionic liquids (ILs) are designed and synthesized in order to conquer the challenge arising from the capture of CO2 in flue gas whose temperature is over 373 K, and they possess a suitable basic strength to adsorb CO2 at 393 K with the capacity of 22-49 mg g(-1). After these ILs are immobilized on mesoporous alumina or silica, equimolar CO2 capture is realized at 393 K for the first time. Besides, these adsorbents can be regenerated at 443 K to form a feasible cycle for controlling CO2 emission in flue gas. Theoretical calculations indicated the key role played by the mesoporous support in promoting CO2 adsorption via electrostatic interactions between support and ILs. An unwonted promotion of the support's ζ-potential on the performance of ILs is revealed, which induces the immobilized ILs to be oriented in a favorable dispersion, enhancing the efficiency of ILs in the CO2 adsorption at elevated temperature. This study proposes a new strategy for the sustainable development of novel adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Mi Wan
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, China
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Pérez-Mayoral E, Matos I, Nachtigall P, Položij M, Fonseca I, Vitvarová-Procházková D, Čejka J. Intramolecular hydroalkoxylation of non-activated C=C bonds catalysed by zeolites: an experimental and theoretical study. CHEMSUSCHEM 2013; 6:1021-1030. [PMID: 23703734 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201300173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The high activity and selectivity of zeolites in the cyclisation of unsaturated alcohols is reported for the first time; the details of a reaction mechanism based on quantum chemical calculations are also provided. The high efficiency of zeolites MFI, BEA and FAU in the cyclisation of unsaturated alcohols (cis-decen-1-ol, 6-methylhept-5-en-2-ol and 2-allylphenol) to afford oxygen-containing heterocyclic rings is demonstrated. The best catalytic performance is found for zeolites with the optimum concentration of Brønsted acid sites (ca. 0.2 mmol g(-1)) and the minimum number of Lewis acid sites. It is proposed that the efficiency of the catalysts is reduced by the existence of the so-called dual site, at which a molecule of unsaturated alcohol can simultaneously interact with two acid sites (an OH group with one and the double bond with the other Brønsted site), which increases the interaction strength. The formation of such adsorption complexes leads to a decrease in the catalyst activity because of (i) an increase in the reaction barrier, (ii) an unfavourable conformation and (iii) diffusion limitations. A new procedure for the preparation of tetrahydrofurans and pyrans over zeolite catalysts provides important oxygen-containing heterocycles with numerous applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Pérez-Mayoral
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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Saleh M, Tiwari JN, Kemp KC, Yousuf M, Kim KS. Highly selective and stable carbon dioxide uptake in polyindole-derived microporous carbon materials. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:5467-73. [PMID: 23621280 DOI: 10.1021/es3052922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption with solid sorbents is considered to be one of the most promising methods for the capture of carbon dioxide (CO₂) from power plant flue gases. In this study, microporous carbon materials used for CO₂ capture were synthesized by the chemical activation of polyindole nanofibers (PIF) at temperatures from 500 to 800 °C using KOH, which resulted in nitrogen (N)-doped carbon materials. The N-doped carbon materials were found to be microporous with an optimal adsorption pore size for CO₂ of 0.6 nm and a maximum (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) BET surface area of 1185 m(2) g(-1). The PIF activated at 600 °C (PIF6) has a surface area of 527 m(2) g(-1) and a maximum CO₂ storage capacity of 3.2 mmol g(-1) at 25 °C and 1 bar. This high CO₂ uptake is attributed to its highly microporous character and optimum N content. Additionally, PIF6 material displays a high CO₂ uptake at low pressure (1.81 mmol g(-1) at 0.2 bar and 25 °C), which is the best low pressure CO₂ uptake reported for carbon-based materials. The adsorption capacity of this material remained remarkably stable even after 10 cycles. The isosteric heat of adsorption was calculated to be in the range of 42.7-24.1 kJ mol(-1). Besides the excellent CO₂ uptake and stability, PIF6 also exhibits high selectivity values for CO₂ over N₂, CH₄, and H₂ of 58.9, 12.3, and 101.1 at 25 °C, respectively, and these values are significantly higher than reported values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleh
- Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
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Meng LY, Park SJ. Investigation of Narrow Pore Size Distribution on Carbon Dioxide Capture of Nanoporous Carbons. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.11.3749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Meng LY, Park SJ. Effect of exfoliation temperature on carbon dioxide capture of graphene nanoplates. J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 386:285-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Liu Q, Pham T, Porosoff MD, Lobo RF. ZK-5: a CO₂-selective zeolite with high working capacity at ambient temperature and pressure. CHEMSUSCHEM 2012; 5:2237-2242. [PMID: 22907818 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The increased carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere caused by combustion of fossil fuels has been a leading contributor to global climate change. The adsorption-driven pressure or vacuum swing (PSA/VSA) processes are promising as affordable means for the capture and separation of CO₂. Herein, an 8-membered-ring zeolite ZK-5 (Framework Type Code: KFI) exchanged with different cations (H⁺, Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺) was synthesized as novel CO₂ adsorbent. The samples were characterized by SEM, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), XRD, and gas adsorption (CO₂ and N₂). The Toth adsorption model was used to describe the CO₂ adsorption isotherms, and the isosteric heats of adsorption were calculated. CO₂ capture adsorbent evaluation criteria such as working capacity, regenerability and CO₂/N₂ selectivity were applied to evaluate the zeolite adsorbents for PSA/VSA applications. The in situ FTIR CO₂ adsorption spectra show that physisorption accounts for the largest fraction of the total CO₂ adsorbed. The CO₂ adsorption analysis shows that Mg-ZK-5 is the most promising adsorbent for PSA applications with the highest working capacity (ΔN(CO₂)=2.05 mmol g⁻¹), excellent selectivity (α(CO₂/N₂)=121), and low isosteric heat. Li-, Na- and K-ZK-5 with good working capacity (ΔN(CO₂)=1.55-2.16 mmol g⁻¹) and excellent selectivity (α(CO₂/N₂)=103-128) are promising CO₂ adsorbents for the VSA working region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St., Newark, DE 19716, USA
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Grajciar L, Čejka J, Zukal A, Otero Areán C, Turnes Palomino G, Nachtigall P. Controlling the adsorption enthalpy of CO(2) in zeolites by framework topology and composition. CHEMSUSCHEM 2012; 5:2011-22. [PMID: 22887989 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Zeolites are often investigated as potential adsorbents for CO(2) adsorption and separation. Depending on the zeolite topology and composition (Si/Al ratio and extra-framework cations), the CO(2) adsorption heats at low coverages vary from -20 to -60 kJ mol(-1), and with increasing surface coverage adsorption heats either stay approximately constant or they quickly drop down. Experimental adsorption heats obtained for purely siliceous porous solids and for ion-exchanged zeolites of the structural type MFI, FER, FAU, LTA, TUN, IMF, and -SVR are discussed in light of results of periodic density functional theory calculations corrected for the description of dispersion interactions. Key factors influencing the stability of CO(2) adsorption complexes are identified and discussed at the molecular level. A general model for CO(2) adsorption in zeolites and related materials is proposed and data reported in literature are evaluated with regard to the proposed model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Grajciar
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, CZ-128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Zukal A, Zones SI, Kubů M, Davis TM, Čejka J. Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide on Sodium and Potassium Forms of STI Zeolite. Chempluschem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201200089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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