Weck PF, Jové-Colón CF, Kim E. Polymorphism and phase transitions in Na
2U
2O
7 from density functional perturbation theory.
Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID:
37161538 DOI:
10.1039/d3cp01222k]
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Abstract
Polymorphism and phase transitions in sodium diuranate, Na2U2O7, are investigated with density functional perturbation theory (DFPT). Thermal properties of crystalline α-, β- and γ-Na2U2O7 polymorphs are predicted from DFPT phonon calculations, i.e., the first time for the high-temperature γ-Na2U2O7 phase (R3̄m symmetry). The standard molar isochoric heat capacities predicted within the quasi-harmonic approximation are for P21/a α-Na2U2O7 and C2/m β-Na2U2O7, respectively. Gibbs free energy calculations reveal that α-Na2U2O7 (P21/a) and β-Na2U2O7 (C2/m) are almost energetically degenerate at low temperature, with β-Na2U2O7 becoming slightly more stable than α-Na2U2O7 as temperature increases. These findings are consistent with XRD data showing a mixture of α and β phases after cooling of γ-Na2U2O7 to room temperature and the observation of a sluggish α → β phase transition above ca. 600 K. A recently observed α-Na2U2O7 structure with P21 symmetry is also shown to be metastable at low temperature. Based on Gibbs free energy, no direct β → γ solid-solid phase transition is predicted at high temperature, although some experiments reported the existence of such phase transition around 1348 K. This, along with recent experiments, suggests the occurrence of a multi-step process consisting of initial β-phase decomposition, followed by recrystallization into γ-phase as temperature increases.
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