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Zhao J, Gao Y, He W, Wang W, Hu W, Sun Y. Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of two cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes containing a glutathione S-transferase inhibitor. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 238:112050. [PMID: 36332411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.112050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The cyclometalated iridium(III) compounds have been intensively studied for health-related applications due to their outstanding luminescent properties and multiple anticancer modes of action. Herein, two iridium(III) compounds Ir-1 and Ir-3 containing glutathione S-transferase inhibitor (GSTi) were developed and studied together with two unfunctionalized compounds Ir-2 and Ir-4 as a comparison. Biological study indicated that GSTi-bearing complexes Ir-1 and Ir-3 exert a synergistic effect on the inhibition of cancer cells. The photophysical properties of Ir-1 ∼ Ir-4 were investigated by UV/vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and rationalized with TD-DFT calculations. As expected, GSTi-bearing complexes Ir-1 and Ir-3 exhibited considerable cytotoxicity against both A549 and cisplatin-resistant A549/cis cancer cells, much higher than the unfunctionalized iridium compounds Ir-2 and Ir-4. Further study indicated that Ir-1 and Ir-3 mainly localize in the mitochondria of tumor cells, and exert their cytotoxicity via generating ROS and inhibiting GST activity. The flow cytometry investigations demonstrated that Ir-1 and Ir-3 can arrest the cell cycle in S phase and induce the cell death through apoptosis process. Overall, the complexation of GST inhibitors with cyclometalated iridium(III) agents provides an effective way for potentiating the cytotoxicity of iridium(III) anticancer agents and resensitizing the efficacy against cisplatin resistant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Regional Resource Exploitation and Medicinal Research, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Ya Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Weiyu He
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Regional Resource Exploitation and Medicinal Research, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Yanyan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
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Ong JX, Le HV, Lee VEY, Ang WH. A Cisplatin‐Selective Fluorescent Probe for Real‐Time Monitoring of Mitochondrial Platinum Accumulation in Living Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiang Ong
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Hai Van Le
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Violet Eng Yee Lee
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering Institution National University of Singapore 28 Medical Drive Singapore 117456 Singapore
| | - Wee Han Ang
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering Institution National University of Singapore 28 Medical Drive Singapore 117456 Singapore
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3
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Monofunctional Platinum(II) Anticancer Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020133. [PMID: 33562293 PMCID: PMC7915149 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based anticancer drugs represented by cisplatin play important roles in the treatment of various solid tumors. However, their applications are largely compromised by drug resistance and side effects. Much effort has been made to circumvent the drug resistance and general toxicity of these drugs. Among multifarious designs, monofunctional platinum(II) complexes with a general formula of [Pt(3A)Cl]+ (A: Ammonia or amine) stand out as a class of "non-traditional" anticancer agents hopeful to overcome the defects of current platinum drugs. This review aims to summarize the development of monofunctional platinum(II) complexes in recent years. They are classified into four categories: fluorescent complexes, photoactive complexes, targeted complexes, and miscellaneous complexes. The intention behind the designs is either to visualize the cellular distribution, or to reduce the side effects, or to improve the tumor selectivity, or inhibit the cancer cells through non-DNA targets. The information provided by this review may inspire researchers to conceive more innovative complexes with potent efficacy to shake off the drawbacks of platinum anticancer drugs.
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Ong JX, Le HV, Lee VEY, Ang WH. A Cisplatin‐Selective Fluorescent Probe for Real‐Time Monitoring of Mitochondrial Platinum Accumulation in Living Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:9264-9269. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiang Ong
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Hai Van Le
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Violet Eng Yee Lee
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering Institution National University of Singapore 28 Medical Drive Singapore 117456 Singapore
| | - Wee Han Ang
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering Institution National University of Singapore 28 Medical Drive Singapore 117456 Singapore
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Ong JX, Ang WH. Development of a Pre‐assembled Through‐Bond Energy Transfer (TBET) Fluorescent Probe for Ratiometric Sensing of Anticancer Platinum(ll) Complexes. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1449-1455. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiang Ong
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Wee Han Ang
- Department of ChemistryNational University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and EngineeringNational University of Singapore 28 Medical Drive Singapore 117456 Singapore
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Uttam B, Hussain MA, Joshi S, Rao CP. Physicochemical and Ion-Sensing Properties of Benzofurazan-Appended Calix[4]arene in Solution and on Gold Nanoparticles: Spectroscopy, Microscopy, and DFT Computations in Support of the Species of Recognition. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:16989-16999. [PMID: 31458321 PMCID: PMC6644172 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A calix[4]arene conjugate (L) functionalized at the lower rim with a benzofurazan fluorophore (NBD) and at the upper rim with a thioether moiety has been synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectrometry techniques. Both the absorption and emission spectral data for L in different solvents exhibited progressive changes with an increase in polarity. Ion recognition studies were performed by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy using 10 different metal ions. Among these, Hg2+ exhibited greater changes in these spectra, whereas Cu2+ showed only significant changes and all other ions showed no change in the spectral features. Although the Hg2+ has dominant influence on the spectral features and provides a detection limit of 56.0 ± 0.6 ppb, the selectivity was hampered because of the presence of the derivatizations present on both the rims of L for ion interaction in solution. Therefore, L was immobilized onto gold nanoparticles (AuNPL's) so that the upper rim derivatizations anchor onto the gold surface through Au-S interactions, and this leaves out only the lower rim NBD derivatization for interaction with ions selectively. The AuNPL's were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The surface characteristics were analyzed by contact angle measurements. The AuNPL's exhibit greater selectivity and enhanced sensitivity for Hg2+ ions with a lowest detection limit of 48.0 ± 0.8 ppb. The immobilization of L onto AuNPs was reflected in the corresponding fluorescence lifetime values, and the addition of Hg2+ to either L or AuNPL showed fluorescence quenching. The reversible recognition of Hg2+ by L was demonstrated by titrating L or AuNPL with Hg2+ followed by tetra-butyl ammonium iodide for several cycles. The structural features of Hg2+-bound species were demonstrated by density functional theory computations and were supported by the XPS data. The Hg2+ induces aggregated fibrillar morphology into supramolecular L, as demonstrated by microscopy when Hg2+ was added either to L or to AuNPL, supporting aggregation-caused quenching.
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The interactions of novel mononuclear platinum-based complexes with DNA. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1284. [PMID: 30577821 PMCID: PMC6303901 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-5194-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cisplatin has been widely used for the treatment of cancer and its antitumour activity is attributed to its capacity to form DNA adducts, predominantly at guanine residues, which impede cellular processes such as DNA replication and transcription. However, there are associated toxicity and drug resistance issues which plague its use. This has prompted the development and screening of a range of chemotherapeutic drug analogues towards improved efficacy. The biological properties of three novel platinum-based compounds consisting of varying cis-configured ligand groups, as well as a commercially supplied compound, were characterised in this study to determine their potential as anticancer agents. Methods The linear amplification reaction was employed, in conjunction with capillary electrophoresis, to quantify the sequence specificity of DNA adducts induced by these compounds using a DNA template containing telomeric repeat sequences. Additionally, the DNA interstrand cross-linking and unwinding efficiency of these compounds were assessed through the application of denaturing and native agarose gel electrophoresis techniques, respectively. Their cytotoxicity was determined in HeLa cells using a colorimetric cell viability assay. Results All three novel platinum-based compounds were found to induce DNA adduct formation at the tandem telomeric repeat sequences. The sequence specificity profile at these sites was characterised and these were distinct from that of cisplatin. Two of these compounds with the enantiomeric 1,2-diaminocyclopentane ligand (SS and RR-DACP) were found to induce a greater degree of DNA unwinding than cisplatin, but exhibited marginally lower DNA cross-linking efficiencies. Furthermore, the RR-isomer was more cytotoxic in HeLa cells than cisplatin. Conclusions The biological characteristics of these compounds were assessed relative to cisplatin, and a variation in the sequence specificity and a greater capacity to induce DNA unwinding was observed. These compounds warrant further investigations towards developing more efficient chemotherapeutic drugs.
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The influence of the ethane-1,2-diamine ligand on the activity of a monofunctional platinum complex. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 177:328-334. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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9
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Raza MK, Gautam S, Garai A, Mitra K, Kondaiah P, Chakravarty AR. Monofunctional BODIPY-Appended Imidazoplatin for Cellular Imaging and Mitochondria-Targeted Photocytotoxicity. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:11019-11029. [PMID: 28846407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Monofunctional platinum(II) complexes of formulation cis-[Pt(NH3)2(L)Cl](NO3), where L is an imidazole base conjugated to 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) with emissive (L1 in 1) and nonemissive (L2 in 2) moieties were prepared and characterized, and their singlet oxygen-mediated photoinduced cytotoxicity was studied. The 1-methylimidazole (1-MeIm) complex 3 was prepared as a control and for structural characterization by X-ray crystallography. Complexes 1 and 2 showed strong visible absorption bands at 500 nm (ε = 2.7 × 104 M-1 cm-1) and 540 nm (1.4 × 104 M-1 cm-1). Complex 1 is emissive with a band at 510 nm (ΦF = 0.09) in 1% dimethyl sulfoxide/Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (pH 7.2). Singlet oxygen generation upon photoirradiation with visible light (400-700 nm) was evidenced from 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran titration experiments showing significant photosensitizing ability of the BODIPY complexes. Both 1 and 2 were remarkably photocytotoxic in visible light (400-700 nm, 10 J cm-2) in skin keratinocyte HaCaT and breast cancer MCF-7 cells giving IC50 values in nanomolar concentration. The complexes were, however, essentially nontoxic to the cells in the dark (IC50 > 80 μM). Complex 2 having a diiodo-BODIPY unit is nonemissive but an efficient photosensitizer with high singlet oxygen generation ability in visible light (400-700 nm). Confocal microscopy using the emissive complex 1 showed significant mitochondrial localization of the complex. Cell death via apoptotic pathway was observed from the Annexin-V-FITC/PI assay. The formation of Pt-DNA adducts was evidenced from the binding experiments of the complexes 1 and 2 with 9-ethylguanine as a model nucleobase from 1H NMR and mass spectral studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kausar Raza
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Srishti Gautam
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Aditya Garai
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Koushambi Mitra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Akhil R Chakravarty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry and ‡Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
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Cerón-Carrasco JP, Jacquemin D. Tuning the Optical Properties of Phenanthriplatin: Towards New Photoactivatable Analogues. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Pedro Cerón-Carrasco
- Bioinformatic and High Performance Research Group (BIO-HPC); Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Campus los Jerónimos; 30107 Murcia Spain
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230; Université de Nantes; 2, rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208 44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France
- Institut Universitaire de France; 1 rue Descartes 75005 Paris Cedex 5 France
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11
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New Pt-NNSO core anticancer agents: Structural optimization and investigation of their anticancer activity. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 170:34-45. [PMID: 28214754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of new platinum Pt(II) compounds possessing a bidentate leaving ligand modified from oxaliplatin has been synthesized, with one of the oxygen ligating atom substituted for a sulphur atom (resulting in a Pt-NNSO coordination core structure). The general structures are R,R-diaminocyclohexane (DACH)-Pt-(methylthio)acetic acid (K4) and DACH-Pt-(thiophenylacetic acid) (K4 derivatives). Substitution of an electron donating or withdrawing group at the ortho or para position on the phenyl ring of K4 derivatives was found to affect the complexes' stability, reactivity with the biological molecules (5'-guanosine monophosphate (5'-GMP) and L-methionine (L-Met)) and anticancer activity. 1H NMR experiments demonstrated that Pt-NNSO complexes formed a mixture of mono- and diadduct with 5'-GMP in various ratios, which are different from the classical Pt drugs (forming mainly diadduct). In addition, all of the K4 derivatives with improved lipophilicity are less deactivated by L-Met in comparison to cisplatin (CDDP) and oxaliplatin. Biological assessments showed that all Pt-NNSO complexes are less toxic than CDDP in normal porcine kidney cells and are minimally affected by drug resistance. Some of the new compounds also displayed comparable anticancer activity to CDDP or better than carboplatin in a few cancer cell lines. The lower reactivity of the Pt-NNSO compounds than CDDP towards thiol molecules, presumably leading to less efflux in resistant cancer cells, and the ability to inhibit autophagy were believed to allow the new compounds to be less affected by Pt resistance.
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12
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Xue X, Zhu C, Chen H, Bai Y, Shi X, Jiao Y, Chen Z, Miao Y, He W, Guo Z. A New Approach to Sensitize Antitumor Monofunctional Platinum(II) Complexes via Short Time Photo-Irradiation. Inorg Chem 2016; 56:3754-3762. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuling Xue
- State Key Laboratory
of Coordination Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry Institute, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory
of Coordination Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry Institute, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Huachao Chen
- State Key Laboratory
of Coordination Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry Institute, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yang Bai
- State Key Laboratory
of Coordination Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry Institute, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xiangchao Shi
- State Key Laboratory
of Coordination Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry Institute, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory
of Coordination Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry Institute, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory
of Coordination Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry Institute, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Miao
- State Key Laboratory
of Coordination Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry Institute, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Weijiang He
- State Key Laboratory
of Coordination Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry Institute, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory
of Coordination Chemistry, Coordination Chemistry Institute, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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Belli Dell’ Amico D, Labella L, Marchetti F, Samaritani S, Hernández-Fuentes GA, García-Argáez AN, Dalla Via L. Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of ionic platinum(II) triphenylphosphino complexes. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Johnson BW, Murray V, Temple MD. Characterisation of the DNA sequence specificity, cellular toxicity and cross-linking properties of novel bispyridine-based dinuclear platinum complexes. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:333. [PMID: 27225032 PMCID: PMC4880875 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The anti-tumour activity of cisplatin is thought to be a result of its capacity to form DNA adducts which prevent cellular processes such as DNA replication and transcription. These DNA adducts can effectively induce cancer cell death, however, there are a range of clinical side effects and drug resistance issues associated with its use. In this study, the biological properties of three novel dinuclear platinum-based compounds (that contain alkane bridging linkers of eight, ten and twelve carbon atoms in length) were characterised to assess their potential as anticancer agents. Methods The properties of these compounds were determined using a DNA template containing seven tandem telomeric repeat sequences. A linear amplification reaction was used in combination with capillary electrophoresis to quantify the sequence specificity of DNA adducts formed by these compounds at base pair resolution. The DNA cross-linking ability of these compounds was assessed using denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis and cytotoxicity was determined in HeLa cells using a colorimetric cell viability assay. Results The dinuclear compounds were found to preferentially form DNA adducts at guanine bases and they exhibited different damage intensity profiles at the telomeric repeat sequences compared to that of cisplatin. The dinuclear compounds were found to exhibit a low level of cytotoxicity relative to cisplatin and their cytotoxicity increased as the linker length increased. Conversely, the interstrand cross-linking efficiency of the dinuclear compounds increased as the linker length decreased and the compound with the shortest alkane linker was six-fold more effective than cisplatin. Conclusions Since the bifunctional compounds exhibit variation in sequence specificity of adduct formation and a greater ability to cross-link DNA relative to cisplatin they warrant further investigation towards the goal of developing new cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben W Johnson
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Vincent Murray
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mark D Temple
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia.
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Riddell IA, Johnstone TC, Park GY, Lippard SJ. Nucleotide Binding Preference of the Monofunctional Platinum Anticancer-Agent Phenanthriplatin. Chemistry 2016; 22:7574-81. [PMID: 27111128 PMCID: PMC4884344 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The monofunctional platinum anticancer agent phenanthriplatin generates covalent adducts with the purine bases guanine and adenine. Preferential nucleotide binding was investigated by using a polymerase stop assay and linear DNA amplification with a 163-base pair DNA double helix. Similarly to cisplatin, phenanthriplatin forms the majority of adducts at guanosine residues, but significant differences in both the number and position of platination sites emerge when comparing results for the two complexes. Notably, the monofunctional complex generates a greater number of polymerase-halting lesions at adenosine residues than does cisplatin. Studies with 9-methyladenine reveal that, under abiological conditions, phenanthriplatin binds to the N(1) or N(7) position of 9-methyladenine in approximately equimolar amounts. By contrast, comparable reactions with 9-methylguanine afforded only the N(7) -bound species. Both of the 9-methyladenine linkage isomers (N(1) and N(7) ) exist as two diastereomeric species, arising from hindered rotation of the aromatic ligands about their respective platinum-nitrogen bonds. Eyring analysis of rate constants extracted from variable-temperature NMR spectroscopic data revealed that the activation energies for ligand rotation in the N(1) -bound platinum complex and the N(7) -linkage isomers are comparable. Finally, a kinetic analysis indicated that phenanthriplatin reacts more rapidly, by a factor of eight, with 9-methylguanine than with 9-methyladenine, suggesting that the distribution of lesions formed on double-stranded DNA is kinetically controlled. In addition, implications for the potent anticancer activity of phenanthriplatin are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imogen A Riddell
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307, USA
| | - Timothy C Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307, USA
| | - Ga Young Park
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307, USA
| | - Stephen J Lippard
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307, USA.
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Mavroidi B, Sagnou M, Stamatakis K, Paravatou-Petsotas M, Pelecanou M, Methenitis C. Palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes of derivatives of 2-(4′-aminophenyl)benzothiazole as potential anticancer agents. Inorganica Chim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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White JD, Haley MM, DeRose VJ. Multifunctional Pt(II) Reagents: Covalent Modifications of Pt Complexes Enable Diverse Structural Variation and In-Cell Detection. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:56-66. [PMID: 26641880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the functionality of Pt-based reagents, several strategies have been developed that utilize Pt compounds modified with small, reactive handles. This Account encapsulates work done by us and other groups regarding the use of Pt(II) compounds with reactive handles for subsequent elaboration with fluorophores or other functional moieties. Described strategies include the incorporation of substituents for well-known condensation or nucleophilic displacement-type reactions and their use, for example, to tether spectroscopic handles to Pt reagents for in vivo investigation. Other chief uses of displacement-type reactions have included tethering various small molecules exhibiting pharmacological activity directly to Pt, thus adding synergistic effects. Click chemistry-based ligation techniques have also been applied, primarily with azide- and alkyne-appended Pt complexes. Orthogonally reactive click chemistry reactions have proven invaluable when more traditional nucleophilic displacement reactions induce side-reactivity with the Pt center or when systematic functionalization of a larger number of Pt complexes is desired. Additionally, a diverse assortment of Pt-fluorophore conjugates have been tethered via click chemistry conjugation. In addition to providing a convenient synthetic path for diversifying Pt compounds, the use of click-capable Pt complexes has proved a powerful strategy for postbinding covalent modification and detection with fluorescent probes. This strategy bypasses undesirable influences of the fluorophore camouflaged as reactivity due to Pt that may be present when detecting preattached Pt-fluorophore conjugates. Using postbinding strategies, Pt reagent distributions in HeLa and lung carcinoma (NCI-H460) cell cultures were observed with two different azide-modified Pt compounds, a monofunctional Pt(II)-acridine type and a difunctional Pt(II)-neutral complex. In addition, cellular distribution was observed with an alkyne-appended difunctional Pt(II)-neutral complex analogous in structure to the aforementioned difunctional azide-Pt(II) reagent. In all cases, significant accumulation of Pt in the nucleolus of cells was observed, in addition to broader localization in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cell. Using the same strategy of postbinding click modification with fluorescent probes, Pt adducts were detected and roughly quantified on rRNA and tRNA from Pt-treated Saccharomyces cerevisiae; rRNA adducts were found to be relatively long-lived and not targeted for immediate degradation. Finally, the utility and feasibility of the alkyne-appended Pt(II) compound has been further demonstrated with a turn-on fluorophore, dansyl azide, in fluorescent detection of DNA in vitro. In all, these modifications utilizing reactive handles have allowed for the diversification of new Pt reagents, as well as providing cellular localization information on the modified Pt compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. White
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1253, United States
| | - Michael M. Haley
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1253, United States
| | - Victoria J. DeRose
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1253, United States
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18
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Bertrand B, Doulain PE, Goze C, Bodio E. Development of trackable metal-based drugs: new generation of therapeutic agents. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:13005-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04275e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Today, it is not sufficient to conceive an efficient drug, its mechanism of action have to be understood. To tackle this issue, trackable therapeutic agents are an interesting solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Bertrand
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR 6302 CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
- School of Chemistry
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Doulain
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR 6302 CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
| | - Christine Goze
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR 6302 CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
| | - Ewen Bodio
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire
- UMR 6302 CNRS Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
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19
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Bodio E, Le Gendre P, Denat F, Goze C. Development of Trackable Anticancer Agents Based on Metal Complexes. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adioch.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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20
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Abstract
Platinum-based anticancer drugs are the mainstay of chemotherapy regimens in clinic. Nevertheless, the efficacy of platinum drugs is badly affected by serious systemic toxicities and drug resistance, and the pharmacokinetics of most platinum drugs is largely unknown. In recent years, a keen interest in functionalizing platinum complexes with bioactive molecules, targeting groups, photosensitizers, fluorophores, or nanomaterials has been sparked among chemical and biomedical researchers. The motivation for functionalization comes from some of the following demands: to improve the tumor selectivity or minimize the systemic toxicity of the drugs, to enhance the cellular accumulation of the drugs, to overcome the tumor resistance to the drugs, to visualize the drug molecules in vitro or in vivo, to achieve a synergistic anticancer effect between different therapeutic modalities, or to add extra functionality to the drugs. In this Account, we present different strategies being used for functionalizing platinum complexes, including conjugation with bisphosphonates, peptides, receptor-specific ligands, polymers, nanoparticles, magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents, metal chelators, or photosensitizers. Among them, bisphosphonates, peptides, and receptor-specific ligands are used for actively targeted drug delivery, polymers and nanoparticles are for passively targeted drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents are for theranostic purposes, metal chelators are for the treatment or prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and photosensitizers are for photodynamic therapy of cancers. The rationales behind these designs are explained and justified at the molecular or cellular level, associating with the requirements for diagnosis, therapy, and visualization of biological processes. To illustrate the wide range of opportunities and challenges that are emerging in this realm, representative examples of targeted drug delivery systems, anticancer conjugates, anticancer theranostic agents, and anti-AD compounds relevant to functionalized platinum complexes are provided. All the examples exhibit new potential of platinum complexes for future applications in biomedical areas. The emphases of this Account are placed on the functionalization for targeted drug delivery and theranostic agents. In the end, a general assessment of various strategies has been made according to their major shortcomings and defects. The original information in this Account comes entirely from literature appearing since 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences,
State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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21
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Isatin-phenylhydrazone dyes and boron complexes with large Stokes shifts: synthesis and solid-state fluorescence characteristics. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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22
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Waalboer DCJ, Muns JA, Sijbrandi NJ, Schasfoort RBM, Haselberg R, Somsen GW, Houthoff HJ, van Dongen GAMS. Platinum(II) as Bifunctional Linker in Antibody-Drug Conjugate Formation: Coupling of a 4-Nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole Fluorophore to Trastuzumab as a Model. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:797-803. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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23
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Doulain PE, Decréau R, Racoeur C, Goncalves V, Dubrez L, Bettaieb A, Le Gendre P, Denat F, Paul C, Goze C, Bodio E. Towards the elaboration of new gold-based optical theranostics. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:4874-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02977a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Four new red BODIPY–gold(i) theranostic compounds were synthesized.
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24
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Tracey MP, Pham D, Koide K. Fluorometric imaging methods for palladium and platinum and the use of palladium for imaging biomolecules. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:4769-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00323c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Palladium and platinum metals have been used to facilitate novel bioimaging methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dianne Pham
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pittsburgh
- Pittsburgh
- USA
| | - Kazunori Koide
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pittsburgh
- Pittsburgh
- USA
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25
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Chen Z, Zhang S, Shen L, Zhu Z, Zhang J. Fluorescence imaging of a new monofunctional platinum(ii) complex containing a thioflavin-T (ThT)-based fluorophore. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00107b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Pracharova J, Saltarella T, Radosova Muchova T, Scintilla S, Novohradsky V, Novakova O, Intini FP, Pacifico C, Natile G, Ilik P, Brabec V, Kasparkova J. Novel Antitumor Cisplatin and Transplatin Derivatives Containing 1-Methyl-7-Azaindole: Synthesis, Characterization, and Cellular Responses. J Med Chem 2014; 58:847-59. [DOI: 10.1021/jm501420k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Pracharova
- Department
of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and
Agricultural Research, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 11, 783 41 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Teresa Saltarella
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Tereza Radosova Muchova
- Department
of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and
Agricultural Research, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 11, 783 41 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Simone Scintilla
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Vojtech Novohradsky
- Institute
of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i.,
Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department
of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Novakova
- Institute
of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i.,
Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Concetta Pacifico
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Natile
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Petr Ilik
- Department
of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and
Agricultural Research, Palacky University, Slechtitelu 11, 783 41 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Brabec
- Department
of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 11, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kasparkova
- Institute
of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i.,
Kralovopolska 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic
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27
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Zhu Z, Wang X, Li T, Aime S, Sadler PJ, Guo Z. Platinum(II)-Gadolinium(III) Complexes as Potential Single-Molecular Theranostic Agents for Cancer Treatment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201407406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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28
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Zhu Z, Wang X, Li T, Aime S, Sadler PJ, Guo Z. Platinum(II)-Gadolinium(III) Complexes as Potential Single-Molecular Theranostic Agents for Cancer Treatment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13225-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201407406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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29
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Wang B, Qian H, Yiu SM, Sun J, Zhu G. Platinated benzonaphthyridone is a stronger inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and a more potent anticancer agent than is the parent inhibitor. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 71:366-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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30
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Wilson JJ, Lippard SJ. Synthetic methods for the preparation of platinum anticancer complexes. Chem Rev 2013; 114:4470-95. [PMID: 24283498 DOI: 10.1021/cr4004314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 487] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin J Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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31
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Johnstone TC, Wilson JJ, Lippard SJ. Monofunctional and higher-valent platinum anticancer agents. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:12234-49. [PMID: 23738524 PMCID: PMC3818431 DOI: 10.1021/ic400538c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Platinum compounds represent one of the great success stories of metals in medicine. Following the serendipitous discovery of the anticancer activity of cisplatin by Rosenberg, a large number of cisplatin variants have been prepared and tested for their ability to kill cancer cells and inhibit tumor growth. These efforts continue today with increased realization that new strategies are needed to overcome issues of toxicity and resistance inherent to treatment by the approved platinum anticancer agents. One approach has been the use of so-called "non-traditional" platinum(II) and platinum(IV) compounds that violate the structure-activity relationships that governed platinum drug-development research for many years. Another is the use of specialized drug-delivery strategies. Here we describe recent developments from our laboratory involving monofunctional platinum(II) complexes together with a historical account of the manner by which we came to investigate these compounds and their relationship to previously studied molecules. We also discuss work carried out using platinum(IV) prodrugs and the development of nanoconstructs designed to deliver them in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C. Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139
| | - Justin J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139
| | - Stephen J. Lippard
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139
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32
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Pickard AJ, Bierbach U. The cell's nucleolus: an emerging target for chemotherapeutic intervention. ChemMedChem 2013; 8:1441-9. [PMID: 23881648 PMCID: PMC3893319 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The transient nucleolus plays a central role in the up-regulated synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) to sustain ribosome biogenesis, a hallmark of aberrant cell growth. This function, in conjunction with its unique pathohistological features in malignant cells and its ability to mediate apoptosis, renders this sub-nuclear structure a potential target for chemotherapeutic agents. In this Minireview, structurally and functionally diverse small molecules are discussed that have been reported to either interact with the nucleolus directly or perturb its function indirectly by acting on its dynamic components. These molecules include all major classes of nucleic-acid-targeted agents, antimetabolites, kinase inhibitors, anti-inflammatory drugs, natural product antibiotics, oligopeptides, as well as nanoparticles. Together, these molecules are invaluable probes of structure and function of the nucleolus. They also provide a unique opportunity to develop novel strategies for more selective and therefore better-tolerated chemotherapeutic intervention. In this regard, inhibition of RNA polymerase-I-mediated rRNA synthesis appears to be a promising mechanism for killing cancer cells. The recent development of molecules targeted at G-quadruplex-forming rRNA gene sequences, which are currently undergoing clinical trials, seems to attest to the success of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J. Pickard
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109 (USA)
| | - Ulrich Bierbach
- Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109 (USA)
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33
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Wang J, Wang X, Song Y, Zhu C, Wang J, Wang K, Guo Z. Detecting and delivering platinum anticancer drugs using fluorescent maghemite nanoparticles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:2786-8. [PMID: 23439956 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc39059d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rhodamine-embedded maghemite nanoparticles could act as fluorescent drug carriers to track and transport platinum anticancer drugs simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
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34
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Wang J, Wang X, Song Y, Wang J, Zhang C, Chang C, Yan J, Qiu L, Wu M, Guo Z. A platinum anticancer theranostic agent with magnetic targeting potential derived from maghemite nanoparticles. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc50554e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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35
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Ruthenium(II)-Arene Complexes with Strong Fluorescence: Insight into the Underlying Mechanism. Chemistry 2012; 18:8617-21. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Nazarov AA, Risse J, Ang WH, Schmitt F, Zava O, Ruggi A, Groessl M, Scopelitti R, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Hartinger CG, Dyson PJ. Anthracene-Tethered Ruthenium(II) Arene Complexes as Tools To Visualize the Cellular Localization of Putative Organometallic Anticancer Compounds. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:3633-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ic202530j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Nazarov
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julie Risse
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Wee Han Ang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
117543, Singapore
| | - Frederic Schmitt
- University Institute of Pathology Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Zava
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Albert Ruggi
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Groessl
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelitti
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Paul J. Dyson
- Institute
of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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