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Abstract
Magnetic shielding depends on molecular structure and noncovalent interactions. This study shows that it is also measurably dependent on the electric field generated by surrounding molecules. This effect has been observed explicitly for 31P nucleus using the adduct under field approach. The results obtained indicate that the field strength experienced by molecules in crystals consisting of molecules with large dipole moments is similar to that in polar solvents. Therefore, magnetic shielding should explicitly depend on solvent polarity. It is important to note that this effect cannot be reproduced correctly within the polarizable continuum model approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya G Shenderovich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitaetstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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2
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Shenderovich IG. Experimentally Established Benchmark Calculations of
31
P NMR Quantities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cmtd.202000033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya G. Shenderovich
- Ilya G. Shenderovich Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg Universitaetstrasse 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
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3
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Lorenz Y, Anhäuser J, Lützen A, Engeser M. [2.2]Paracyclophane bis(pyridine)-based metallosupramolecular rhombs in the gas phase: Competitive cleavage of non-covalent and weak covalent bonds. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:2007-2013. [PMID: 31098957 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02218-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The gas-phase fragmentation behavior of self-assembled metallo-supramolecular rhombs based on an unusual chiral [2.2]paracyclophane bis(pyridine) ligand is studied by collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry. The fragmentation patterns strongly depend on the charge state of the respective mass-selected aggregate. For the doubly charged ions, simple symmetric fragmentation is observed in full accordance with previous results reported for related metallo-supramolecular species. The triply charged species cleaves unsymmetrically which can be rationalized by a preferred formation of ions with low charge density. CID of the quadruply charged rhomb reveals a complex fragmentation. Besides ligand oxidation to the radical cation, facile cleavage of the central covalently bound part of the [2.2]paracyclophane ligand takes place which is even preferred over rupture of the weak dative pyridine-Pd bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Lorenz
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jana Anhäuser
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marianne Engeser
- Kekulé-Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
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Ayme JF, Beves JE, Campbell CJ, Leigh DA. Probing the Dynamics of the Imine-Based Pentafoil Knot and Pentameric Circular Helicate Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:3605-3612. [PMID: 30707020 PMCID: PMC6429429 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
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We investigate the self-assembly
dynamics of an imine-based pentafoil
knot and related pentameric circular helicates, each derived from
a common bis(formylpyridine)bipyridyl building block, iron(II) chloride,
and either monoamines or a diamine. The mixing of circular helicates
derived from different amines led to the complete exchange of the N-alkyl residues on the periphery of the metallo-supramolecular
scaffolds over 4 days in DMSO at 60 °C. Under similar conditions,
deuterium-labeled and nonlabeled building blocks showed full dialdehyde
building block exchange over 13 days for open circular helicates but
was much slower for the analogous closed-loop pentafoil knot (>60
days). Although both knots and open circular helicates self-assemble
under thermodynamic control given sufficiently long reaction times,
this is significantly longer than the time taken to afford the maximum
product yield (2 days). Highly effective error correction occurs during
the synthesis of imine-based pentafoil molecular knots and pentameric
circular helicates despite, in practice, the systems not operating
under full thermodynamic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Ayme
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , The King's Buildings, West Mains Road , Edinburgh EH9 3JJ , United Kingdom
| | - Jonathon E Beves
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , The King's Buildings, West Mains Road , Edinburgh EH9 3JJ , United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Campbell
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , The King's Buildings, West Mains Road , Edinburgh EH9 3JJ , United Kingdom
| | - David A Leigh
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester M13 9PL , United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , The King's Buildings, West Mains Road , Edinburgh EH9 3JJ , United Kingdom
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5
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Lorenz Y, Gutiérrez A, Ferrer M, Engeser M. Bond Dissociation Energies of Metallo-supramolecular Building Blocks: Insight from Fragmentation of Selectively Self-Assembled Heterometallic Metallo-supramolecular Aggregates. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:7346-7354. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Lorenz
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Albert Gutiérrez
- Departament de Quimica Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Quimica Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Ferrer
- Departament de Quimica Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Quimica Inorgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marianne Engeser
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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6
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Kai S, Maddala SP, Kojima T, Akagi S, Harano K, Nakamura E, Hiraoka S. Flexibility of components alters the self-assembly pathway of Pd 2L 4 coordination cages. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:3258-3263. [PMID: 29442109 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00112j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly process of a Pd2L4 cage consisting of flexible ditopic ligands and Pd(ii) ions was revealed by QASAP (quantitative analysis of self-assembly process), which enables one to obtain information about the intermediates transiently produced during the self-assembly as the average composition of all the intermediates. It was found that the dominant pathway to the cage is the formation of a submicrometre-sized sheet structure, which was characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), followed by the addition of free ditopic ligands to the Pd(ii) centres of the sheet structure to trigger the cage formation. This assembly process is completely different from that of a Pd2L4 cage composed of rigid ditopic ligands, indicating that the flexibility of the components strongly affects the self-assembly process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei Kai
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
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7
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Kai S, Nakagawa M, Kojima T, Li X, Yamashina M, Yoshizawa M, Hiraoka S. Self-Assembly Process of a Pd2
L4
Capsule: Steric Interactions between Neighboring Components Favor the Formation of Large Intermediates. Chemistry 2018; 24:3965-3969. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shumpei Kai
- Department of Basic Science; Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; The University of Tokyo; 3-8-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
| | - Masanori Nakagawa
- Department of Basic Science; Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; The University of Tokyo; 3-8-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kojima
- Department of Basic Science; Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; The University of Tokyo; 3-8-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Basic Science; Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; The University of Tokyo; 3-8-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamashina
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science; Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Michito Yoshizawa
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science; Institute of Innovative Research; Tokyo Institute of Technology; 4259 Nagatsuta Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Basic Science; Graduate School of Arts and Sciences; The University of Tokyo; 3-8-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
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8
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Holloway LR, Young MC, Beran GJO, Hooley RJ. High fidelity sorting of remarkably similar components via metal-mediated assembly. Chem Sci 2015; 6:4801-4806. [PMID: 28717487 PMCID: PMC5502402 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01689d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Subtle differences in coordination angle and rigidity lead to narcissistic self-sorting between highly similar individual components upon metal-mediated assembly.
Subtle differences in ligand coordination angle and rigidity lead to high fidelity sorting between individual components displaying identical coordination motifs upon metal-mediated self-assembly. Narcissistic self-sorting can be achieved between highly similar ligands that vary minimally in rigidity and internal coordination angle upon combination with Fe(ii) ions and 2-formylpyridine. Selective, sequential cage formation can be precisely controlled in a single flask from a mix of three different core ligands (and 33 total components) differing only in the hybridization of one group that is uninvolved in the metal coordination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren R Holloway
- University of California - Riverside , Department of Chemistry , Riverside , CA 92521 , USA .
| | - Michael C Young
- University of California - Riverside , Department of Chemistry , Riverside , CA 92521 , USA .
| | - Gregory J O Beran
- University of California - Riverside , Department of Chemistry , Riverside , CA 92521 , USA .
| | - Richard J Hooley
- University of California - Riverside , Department of Chemistry , Riverside , CA 92521 , USA .
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9
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Jayamurugan G, Roberts DA, Ronson TK, Nitschke JR. SelectiveEndoandExoBinding of Mono- and Ditopic Ligands to a Rhomboidal Diporphyrin Prism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:7539-43. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201501359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jayamurugan G, Roberts DA, Ronson TK, Nitschke JR. SelectiveEndoandExoBinding of Mono- and Ditopic Ligands to a Rhomboidal Diporphyrin Prism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201501359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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11
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Angurell I, Ferrer M, Gutiérrez A, Martínez M, Rocamora M, Rodríguez L, Rossell O, Lorenz Y, Engeser M. Kinetico-Mechanistic Insights on the Assembling Dynamics of Allyl-Cornered Metallacycles: The PtNpyBond is the Keystone. Chemistry 2014; 20:14473-87. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Sánchez-Molina I, Grimm B, Krick Calderon RM, Claessens CG, Guldi DM, Torres T. Self-Assembly, Host–Guest Chemistry, and Photophysical Properties of Subphthalocyanine-Based Metallosupramolecular Capsules. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:10503-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ja404234n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Sánchez-Molina
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Grimm
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rafael M. Krick Calderon
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tomas Torres
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, c/Faraday, 9, Campus
de Cantoblanco, 28049-Madrid, Spain
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13
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Browne C, Brenet S, Clegg JK, Nitschke JR. Solvent-Dependent Host-Guest Chemistry of an Fe8
L12
Cubic Capsule. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201208740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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14
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Browne C, Brenet S, Clegg JK, Nitschke JR. Solvent-Dependent Host-Guest Chemistry of an Fe8L12Cubic Capsule. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:1944-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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15
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Weilandt T, Löw NL, Schnakenburg G, Daniels J, Nieger M, Schalley CA, Lützen A. Exploring the Palladium and PlatinumBis(pyridine) Complex Motif by NMR Spectroscopy, X-ray Crystallography, (Tandem) Mass Spectrometry, and Isothermal Titration Calorimetry: Do Substituent Effects Follow Chemical Intuition? Chemistry 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Troff RW, Hovorka R, Weilandt T, Lützen A, Cetina M, Nieger M, Lentz D, Rissanen K, Schalley CA. Equipping metallo-supramolecular macrocycles with functional groups: assemblies of pyridine-substituted urea ligands. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:8410-20. [PMID: 22643426 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30190c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
A series of di-(m-pyridyl)-urea ligands were prepared and characterized with respect to their conformations by NOESY experiments and crystallography. Methyl substitution in different positions of the pyridine rings provides control over the position of the pyridine N atoms relative to the urea carbonyl group. The ligands were used to self-assemble metallo-supramolecular M(2)L(2) and M(3)L(3) macrocycles which are generated in a finely balanced equilibrium in DMSO and DMF according to DOSY NMR experiments and ESI FTICR mass spectrometry. Again, crystallography was used to characterize the assemblies. Methyl substitution in positions next to the pyridine nitrogen prevents coordination, while the other ligands form small metallo-supramolecular macrocycles. The incorporated urea carbonyl groups provide hydrogen bonding sites which converge towards the center of the assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf W Troff
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takusstrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Bar AK, Raghothama S, Moon D, Mukherjee PS. Three-Component Self-Assembly of a Series of Triply Interlocked Pd12Coordination Prisms and Their Non-Interlocked Pd6Analogues. Chemistry 2012; 18:3199-209. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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19
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Dzyuba EV, Baytekin B, Sattler D, Schalley CA. Phenanthroline- and Terpyridine-Substituted Tetralactam Macrocycles: A Facile Route to Rigid Di- and Trivalent Receptors and Interlocked Molecules. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Chakrabarty R, Mukherjee PS, Stang PJ. Supramolecular coordination: self-assembly of finite two- and three-dimensional ensembles. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6810-918. [PMID: 21863792 PMCID: PMC3212633 DOI: 10.1021/cr200077m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2289] [Impact Index Per Article: 176.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Chakrabarty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Peter J Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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