1
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McEllin A, Goult CA, Mohiuddin G, Curtis LJ, Tanner TFN, Whitwood AC, Lynam JM, Bruce DW. Gold(III), Mercury(II), and Palladium(II) Complexes of a Series of Isomeric Bis(mono- and dialkoxyphenyl)pyridines: Introduction of Gold through Transmetalation and Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:7589-7603. [PMID: 38635870 PMCID: PMC11061838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
A series of isomeric bis-2,6-(monoalkoxyphenyl)pyridine and bis-2,6-(dialkoxyphenyl)pyridine ligands were synthesized and characterized. In order to prepare their chlorogold(III) complexes, intermediate chloromercury(II) complexes were first prepared, but unlike observations from previous studies where they were obtained impure and at best in moderate yield, here pure complexes were synthesized, many in rather high yields. Depending on the substitution pattern of the alkoxy chains on the ligands, mono- and/or dimercurated complexes were obtained, characterized by 1H, 13C{1H}, and 199Hg NMR spectroscopy as well as, in several cases, by X-ray crystallography. Factors that may explain this unusual reactivity are discussed. In most cases, transmetalation to the related chlorogold(III) complex proceeded smoothly, although lower yields were obtained when starting from doubly mercurated precursors. Prompted by the propensity of these ligands to mercurate, attempts were made to effect direct auration, but none was successful. However, dimeric, orthometalated complexes of palladium(II) could be prepared and were also amenable to transmetalation to the chlorogold(III) complex, providing for a mercury-free synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice
Jane McEllin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York Heslington, YORK YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | | | - Golam Mohiuddin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York Heslington, YORK YO10 5DD, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Science &
Technology Meghalaya, Ri-Bhoi, Meghalaya 793101, India
| | - Liam J. Curtis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York Heslington, YORK YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Theo F. N. Tanner
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York Heslington, YORK YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Adrian C. Whitwood
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York Heslington, YORK YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Jason M. Lynam
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York Heslington, YORK YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Duncan W. Bruce
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York Heslington, YORK YO10 5DD, U.K.
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2
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Karpiuk TE, Mahato S, Storr T, Leznoff DB. Unusually short unsupported Au(III)⋯Au(III) aurophilic contacts in emissive lanthanide tetracyanoaurate(III) complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3914-3917. [PMID: 38502135 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00468j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
A series of [Au(CN)4]- salts with lanthanide 2,2'-bipyridine dioxide cations features Au(III) aurophilic interactions between [Au(CN)4]- groups, with Au⋯Au distances of 3.3603(4) Å and 3.4354(4) Å that are shorter than any previously reported. Computations predict the interactions to be weakly attractive; packing effects appear to also contribute to the close contacts. The materials are emissive: there is no Au(III)-based luminescence, but for Ln = Eu the PLQY of 29% is surprisingly high compared to related analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Karpiuk
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Samyadeb Mahato
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Daniel B Leznoff
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada.
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3
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Giuso V, Yang J, Forté J, Dossmann H, Daniel C, Gourlaouen C, Mauro M, Bertrand B. Binuclear Biphenyl Organogold(III) Complexes: Synthesis, Photophysical and Theoretical Investigation, and Anticancer Activity. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300303. [PMID: 37610058 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
A series of four binuclear complexes of general formula [(C^C)Au(Cl)(L^L)(Cl)Au(C^C)], where C^C is 4,4'-diterbutylbiphenyl and L^L is either a bridging diphosphine or 4,4'-bipyridine, are synthetized with 52 to 72 % yield and structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. The use of the chelating 1,2-diphenylphosphinoethane ligand in a 1 : 2 (P^P):Au stoichiometry leads to the near quantitative formation of a gold double-complex salt of general formula [(C^C)Au(P^P)][(C^C^)AuCl2 ]. The compounds display long-lived yellow-green phosphorescence with λem in the range of 525 to 585 nm in the solid state with photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) up to 10 %. These AuIII complexes are tested for their antiproliferative activity against lung adenocarcinoma cells A549 and results show that compounds 2 and 5 are the most promising candidates. The digold salt 5 shows anticancer activity between 66 and 200 nM on the tested cancer cell lines, whereas derivative 2 displays concentration values required to reduce by 50 % the cell viability (IC50 ) between 7 and 11 μM. Reactivity studies of compound 5 reveal that the [(C^C)Au(P^P)]+ cation is stable in the presence of relevant biomolecules including glutathione suggesting a structural mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Giuso
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg UMR 7504, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jeannine Yang
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Forté
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Héloïse Dossmann
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Daniel
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Matteo Mauro
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg UMR 7504, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg, France
| | - Benoît Bertrand
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 8232, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
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4
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Song C, An L, Wang Q, Zhang H, Li G. Unraveling the Marked Differences of the Excited-State Properties of Arylgold(III) Complexes with C ∧N ∧C Tridentate Ligands. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:15382-15391. [PMID: 37700580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Three structurally similar gold(III) complexes with C∧N∧C tridentate ligands, [1; C∧N∧C = 2,6-diphenylpyridine], [2; C∧N∧C = 2,6-diphenylpyrazine], and [3; C∧N∧C = 2,6-diphenyltriazine], have been investigated theoretically to rationalize the marked difference in emission behaviors. The geometrical and electronic structures, spectra properties, radiative and nonradiative decay processes, as well as reverse intersystem crossing and reverse internal conversion (RIC) processes were thoroughly analyzed using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations. The computed results indicate that there is a small energy difference Δ E T 1 - T 1 ' between the lowest-energy triplet state (T1) and the second lowest-energy triplet state (T1') of complexes 2 and 3, suggesting that the excitons in the T1 state can reach the emissive higher-energy T1' through the RIC process. In addition, the non-emissive T1 states of gold(III) complexes in solution can be ascribed to the easily accessible metal-centered (3MC) state or possibly tunneling into high-energy vibrationally excited singlet states for nonradiative decay. The low efficiency of 3 is attributed to the deactivation pathway via the 3MC state. The present study elucidates the relationship between structure and property of gold(III) complexes featuring C∧N∧C ligands and providing a comprehensive understanding of the significant differences in their luminescence behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongping Song
- School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Lin An
- School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Qinggao Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Houyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
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5
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Blasco D, Reboiro F, Sundholm D, Olmos ME, Monge M, López-de-Luzuriaga JM. A "gold standard" computational proof for the existence of gold(III) aurophilicity. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:2219-2222. [PMID: 36779753 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03731a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The existence of aurophilic gold(III)⋯gold(III) interactions has for a long time been neglected due to structural arguments and comparison with the aurophilicity of gold(I) compounds. We show with calculations at the CCSD(T) level of theory that the [AuIII(CH3)3(NH3)]2 dimer has a metallophilic dispersion interaction between the gold(III) atoms of 10.5 kJ mol-1. The aurophilic interaction is illustrated by topological QTAIM calculations and IRI analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Blasco
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, 26006, Logroño, Spain. .,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio 1), FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Félix Reboiro
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, 26006, Logroño, Spain.
| | - Dage Sundholm
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio 1), FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - M Elena Olmos
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, 26006, Logroño, Spain.
| | - Miguel Monge
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, 26006, Logroño, Spain.
| | - José M López-de-Luzuriaga
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, 26006, Logroño, Spain.
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6
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Diana R, Gentile FS, Carella A, Di Costanzo L, Panunzi B. Insights into Two Novel Orthopalladated Chromophores with Antimicrobial Activity against Escherichia coli. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186060. [PMID: 36144794 PMCID: PMC9504776 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced chromophoric tools, besides being biologically active, need to meet the expectations of the technological demands including stability, colour retention, and proper solubility for their target. Many coordination compounds of conjugated ligands are antibacterial dyes, able to combine a strong dyeing performance with a useful biological activity. Specifically, palladium (II) complexes of Schiff base ligands are known for their relevant activity against common bacteria. In this article, we report the synthesis and comprehensive experimental and theoretical characterization of two novel Pd(II) chromophore complexes obtained from a cyclopalladated Schiff base as two different chelating azo dyes. The antibacterial response of these two novel complexes was tested against the ubiquitous Escherichia coli bacterium in an aqueous medium and revealed a noteworthy antimicrobial activity, higher than when compared with their uncoordinated biologically active ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Diana
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Francesco Silvio Gentile
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Antonio Carella
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Strada Comunale Cinthia, 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Costanzo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
- Correspondence:
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7
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Jiang J, Cao B, Chen Y, Luo H, Xue J, Xiong X, Zou T. Alkylgold(III) Complexes Undergo Unprecedented Photo-Induced β-Hydride Elimination and Reduction for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201103. [PMID: 35165986 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Spatiotemporally controllable activation of prodrugs within tumors is highly desirable for cancer therapy to minimize toxic side effects. Herein we report that stable alkylgold(III) complexes can undergo unprecedented photo-induced β-hydride elimination, releasing alkyl ligands and forming gold(III)-hydride intermediates that could be quickly converted into bioactive [AuIII -S] adducts; meanwhile, the remaining alkylgold(III) complexes can photo-catalytically reduce [AuIII -S] into more bioactive AuI species. Such photo-reactivities make it possible to functionalize gold complexes on the auxiliary alkyl ligands without attenuating the metal-biomacromolecule interactions. As a result, the gold(III) complexes containing glucose-functionalized alkyl ligands displayed efficient and tumor-selective uptake; notably, after one- or two-photon activation, the complexes exhibited high thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibition, potent cytotoxicity, and strong antiangiogenesis and antitumor activities in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Bei Cao
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, and General Education Division, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Hejiang Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Xue
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Xiong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Taotao Zou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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8
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Hylland KT, Schmidtke IL, Wragg DS, Nova A, Tilset M. Synthesis of substituted (N,C) and (N,C,C) Au(III) complexes: the influence of sterics and electronics on cyclometalation reactions. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:5082-5097. [PMID: 35262546 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00371f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cyclometalated Au(III) complexes are of interest due to their catalytic, medicinal, and photophysical properties. Herein, we describe the synthesis of derivatives of the type (N,C)Au(OAcF)2 (OAcF = trifluoroacetate) and (N,C,C)AuOAcF by a cyclometalation route, where (N,C) and (N,C,C) are chelating 2-arylpyridine ligands. The scope of the synthesis is explored by substituting the 2-arylpyridine core with electron donor or acceptor substituents at one or both rings. Notably, a variety of functionalized Au(III) complexes can be obtained in one step from the corresponding ligand and Au(OAc)3, eliminating the need for organomercury intermediates, which is commonly reported for similar syntheses. The influence of substituents in the ligand backbone on the resulting complexes was assessed using DFT calculations, 15N NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. A correlation between the electronic properties of the (N,C) ligands and their ability to undergo cyclometalation was found from experimental studies combined with natural charge analysis, suggesting the cyclometalation at Au(III) to take place via an electrophilic aromatic substitution-type mechanism. The formation of Au(III) pincer complexes from tridentate (N,C,C) ligands was investigated by synthesis and DFT calculations, in order to assess the feasibility of C(sp3)-H bond activation as a synthetic pathway to (N,C,C) cyclometalated Au(III) complexes. It was found that C(sp3)-H bond activation is feasible for ligands containing different alkyl groups (isopropyl and ethyl), although the C-H activation is less energetically favored compared to a ligand containing tert-butyl groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knut T Hylland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. .,Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Inga L Schmidtke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. .,Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - David S Wragg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. .,Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ainara Nova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. .,Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.,Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway.,UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mats Tilset
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. .,Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1126 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.,Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
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9
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Jiang J, Cao B, Chen Y, Luo H, Xue J, Xiong X, Zou T. Alkylgold(III) Complexes Undergo Unprecedented Photo‐Induced β‐Hydride Elimination and Reduction for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Jiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Bei Cao
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology and General Education Division The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518172 P. R. China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Hejiang Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Xue
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Xiong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Taotao Zou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
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10
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Arsenault NE, Xu Z, Wolf MO. Lewis Pair-Functionalized Pt(II) Complexes with Tunable Emission Color and Triplet-State Properties. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2804-2812. [PMID: 35099929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Two emissive Pt(II) complexes containing dynamic "flexible" Lewis pair (FlexLP) ligands are reported. The FlexLP ligand encompasses a diphenylphosphine oxide Lewis base and a dimesitylborane Lewis acid attached to a bithiophene scaffold, which can switch between an open unbound Lewis pair and a bound P-O-B Lewis adduct depending on the hydrogen bond-donating (HBD) strength of the solvent. [Pt(FlexLP)2] contains two FlexLP ligands, and [Pt(FlexLP)(Py)] contains one FlexLP ligand and one pyrene ligand. UV-vis absorption and fluorescence studies demonstrate that the FlexLP ligands switch between the open Lewis pair and the closed Lewis adduct in MeOH, a strong HBD solvent, and acetone, a weak HBD solvent, respectively, and exhibit tunable emission color depending on the acetone/MeOH solvent ratio. Transient absorption spectroscopy reveals a large difference in the triplet-state lifetime depending on the conformation of the FlexLP ligands for both complexes. In the closed form, the triplet-state lifetimes of the two complexes are over an order of magnitude longer compared to that of the complexes in the open conformation. Calculations of optimized geometries suggest that this difference in triplet-state lifetime is due to a difference in the thiophene-thiophene torsion angle between the two conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E Arsenault
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Michael O Wolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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11
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Sasaki Y, Yanai N, Kimizuka N. Osmium Complex-Chromophore Conjugates with Both Singlet-to-Triplet Absorption and Long Triplet Lifetime through Tuning of the Heavy-Atom Effect. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:5982-5990. [PMID: 35080875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Os(II) complexes showing singlet-to-triplet absorption are of growing interest as a new class of triplet sensitizers that circumvent energy loss during intersystem crossing, and they enable effective utilization of input photon energy in various applications, such as photoredox catalysis, photodynamic therapy, and photon upconversion. However, triplet excited-state lifetimes of Os(II) complexes are often too short (τ < 1 μs) to transfer their energy to neighboring molecules. While the covalent conjugation of chromophores has been known to extend the net excited-state lifetimes through an intramolecular triplet energy transfer (IMET), heavy-atom effects of the central metals on the attached chromophore units have rarely been discussed. Here, we investigate the relationship between the spin-density contribution of the heavy metals and the net triplet excited-state lifetimes for a series of Os(II) and Ru(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes modified with perylene units. Phosphorescence lifetimes of these compounds strongly depend on the lifetimes of the perylenyl group-localized excited states that are shortened by the heavy-atom effect. The degree of heavy-atom effect can be largely circumvented by introducing meta-phenylene bridges, where the perylene unit retains its intrinsic long excited-state lifetime. The thermal activation to the short-lived excited states is suppressed, thanks to sufficient but still small energy losses during the IMET process. Involvement of the metal center was also confirmed by the prolonged lifetime by replacing Os(II) with Ru(II) that possesses a smaller spin-orbit coupling constant. These results indicate the importance of ligand structures that give a minimum heavy-atom effect as well as the sufficient energy gap among the excited states and fast IMET for elongating the triplet excited-state lifetime without sacrificing the excitation energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Sasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yanai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,PRESTO, JST, Honcho 4-1-8, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kimizuka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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12
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Malmberg R, Venkatesan K. Recent Advances in the Development of Blue and Deep‐Blue Emitting Gold(I) and Gold(III) Molecular Systems. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Malmberg
- Department of Molecular Sciences, MQ Photonics Research Centre and MQ Sustainable Energy Research Centre Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Koushik Venkatesan
- Department of Molecular Sciences, MQ Photonics Research Centre and MQ Sustainable Energy Research Centre Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
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13
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Conceptual advances in the preparation and excited-state properties of neutral luminescent (C^N) and (C^C*) monocyclometalated gold(III) complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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14
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Malmberg R, Suter D, Blacque O, Venkatesan K. Monocyclometalated (C N) Gold(III) Metallacycles: Tunable Emission and Singlet Oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) Generation Properties. Chemistry 2021; 27:14410-14417. [PMID: 34406672 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and photoluminescent properties of four cyclometalated (C N)-type gold(III) complexes bearing a bidentate diacetylide ligand, tolan-2,2'-diacetylide (tda), are reported. The complexes exhibit highly tunable excited state properties and show photoluminescence (PL) across the entire visible spectrum from sky-blue (λPL =493 nm) to red (λPL =675 nm) with absolute PL quantum yields (PLQY) of up to 75 % in solution, the highest PLQY found for any monocyclometalated Au(III) complex in solution. As a consequence of the use of the strongly rigidifying diacetylide bidentate ligand, a significant increase in the excited state lifetimes (τ0 =16-258 μs) was found in solution and in thin films. The complexes showed remarkable singlet oxygen generation in aerated solution with absolute singlet oxygen quantum yield (ϕ1Δ ) values reaching up to 7.5×10-5 and singlet oxygen lifetimes (τ0 1Δ ) in the range of 66-95 μs. Furthermore, the radiative and non-radiative rates of singlet oxygen were determined using the ϕ1Δ and τ0 1Δ values and correlations are drawn between the formation of singlet oxygen and its interaction with cyclometalated (C N) gold(III) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Malmberg
- Department of Molecular Sciences, MQ Photonics Research Centre and MQ Sustainable Energy Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Dominik Suter
- Department of Molecular Sciences, MQ Photonics Research Centre and MQ Sustainable Energy Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Koushik Venkatesan
- Department of Molecular Sciences, MQ Photonics Research Centre and MQ Sustainable Energy Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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15
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Feuerstein W, Breher F. Non-palindromic (C^C^D) gold(III) pincer complexes are not accessible by intramolecular oxidative addition of biphenylenes - an experimental and quantum chemical study. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:9754-9767. [PMID: 34169955 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00953b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We herein report on the synthesis of biphenylenes substituted with a pyridine (N), a phosphine (P) and a carbene (C') donor as well as a carbene donor with additional pyridine in the lateral position. We describe the synthesis and structures of derived gold(i) complexes, which we tried to use for the synthesis of non-palindromic [(C^C^D)AuIII] pincer complexes by means of an intramolecular oxidative addition of the strained biphenylene ring. However, the anticipated formation of gold(iii) complexes failed due to kinetic and thermodynamic reasons, which we extensively investigated by quantum chemical calculations. Furthermore, we shed light on the oxidative addition of biphenylene to two different gold(i) systems reported in the literature. Our comprehensive quantum-chemical analysis is complemented by NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Feuerstein
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Division Molecular Chemistry, Engesserstr. 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Frank Breher
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Division Molecular Chemistry, Engesserstr. 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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16
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Cheung WM, Chong MC, Sung HHY, Cheng SC, Williams ID, Ko CC, Leung WH. Synthesis, structure and reactivity of iridium complexes containing a bis-cyclometalated tridentate C^N^C ligand. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:8512-8523. [PMID: 34060573 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01269j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to synthesize cyclometalated iridium complexes containing a tridentate C^N^C ligand, transmetallation of [Hg(HC^N^C)Cl] (1) (H2C^N^C = 2,6-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)pyridine) with various organoiridium starting materials has been studied. The treatment of 1 with [Ir(cod)Cl]2 (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) in acetonitrile at room temperature afforded a hexanuclear Ir4Hg2 complex, [Cl(κ2C,N-HC^N^C)(cod)IrHgIr(cod)Cl2]2 (2), which features Ir-Hg-Ir and Ir-Cl-Ir bridges. Refluxing 2 with sodium acetate in tetrahydrofuran (thf) resulted in cyclometalation of the bidentate HC^N^C ligand and formation of trinuclear [(C^N^C)(cod)IrHgIr(cod)Cl2] (3). On the other hand, refluxing [Ir(cod)Cl]2 with 1 and sodium acetate in thf yielded [Ir(C^N^C)(cod)(HgCl)] (4). Chlorination of 4 with PhICl2 gave [Ir(C^N^C)(cod)Cl]·HgCl2 (5·HgCl2) that reacted with tricyclohexylphosphine to yield Hg-free [Ir(C^N^C)(cod)Cl] (5). Chloride abstraction of 5 with silver(i) triflate (AgOTf) gave [Ir(C^N^C)(cod)(H2O)](OTf) (6) that can catalyze the cyclopropanation of styrene with ethyl diazoacetate. Reaction of 1 and [Ir(CO)2Cl(py)] (py = pyridine) with sodium acetate in refluxing thf afforded [Ir(C^N^C)(HgCl)(py)(CO)] (7), in which the carbonyl ligand is coplanar with the C^N^C ligand. On the other hand, refluxing 1 with (PPh4)[Ir(CO)2Cl2] and sodium acetate in acetonitrile gave [Ir(C^N^C)(κ2C,N-HC^N^C)(CO)] (8), the carbonyl ligand of which is trans to the pyridyl ring of the bidentate HC^N^C ligand. Upon irradiation with UV light 8 in thf was isomerized to 8', in which the carbonyl is trans to a phenyl group of the bidentate HC^N^C ligand. The isomer pair 8 and 8' exhibited emission at 548 and 514 nm in EtOH/MeOH at 77 K with lifetime of 84.0 and 64.6 μs, respectively. Protonation of 8 with p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH) afforded the bis(bidentate) tosylate complex [Ir(κ2C,N-HC^N^C)2(CO)(OTs)] (9) that could be reconverted to 8 upon treatment with sodium acetate. The electrochemistry of the Ir(C^N^C) complexes has been studied using cyclic voltammetry. Reaction of [Ir(PPh3)3Cl] with 1 and sodium acetate in refluxing thf led to isolation of the previously reported compound [Ir(κ2P,C-C6H4PPh2)2(PPh3)Cl] (10). The crystal structures of 2-5, 8, 8', 9 and 10 have been determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Man Cheung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Man-Chun Chong
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Herman H-Y Sung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Shun-Cheung Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ian D Williams
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chi-Chiu Ko
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wa-Hung Leung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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17
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Malmberg R, von Arx T, Hasan M, Blacque O, Shukla A, McGregor SKM, Lo SC, Namdas EB, Venkatesan K. Tunable Light-Emission Properties of Solution-Processable N-Heterocyclic Carbene Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Chemistry 2021; 27:7265-7274. [PMID: 33527569 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) cyclometalated gold(III) complexes remain very scarce and therefore their photophysical properties remain currently underexplored. Moreover, gold(III) complexes emitting in the blue region of the electromagnetic spectrum are rare. In this work, a series of four phosphorescent gold(III) complexes was investigated bearing four different NHC monocyclometalated (C^C*)-type ligands and a dianionic (N^N)-type ancillary ligand ((N^N)=5,5'-(propane-2,2-diyl)bis(3-(trifluoromethyl)-1 H-pyrazole) (mepzH2 )). The complexes exhibit strong phosphorescence when doped in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) at room temperature, which were systematically tuned from sky-blue [λPL =456 nm, CIE coordinates: (0.20, 034)] to green [λPL =516 nm, CIE coordinates: (0.31, 0.54)] by varying the monocyclometalated (C^C*) ligand framework. The complexes revealed high quantum efficiencies (ϕPL ) of up to 43 % and excited-state lifetimes (τ0 ) between 15-266 μs. The radiative rate constant values found for these complexes (kr =103 -104 s-1 ) are the highest found in comparison to previously known best-performing monocyclometalated gold(III) complexes. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations of these complexes further lend support to the excited-state nature of these complexes. The calculations showed a significant contribution of the gold(III) metal center in the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) of up to 18 %, which was found to be unique for this class of cyclometalated gold(III) complexes. Additionally, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated by using a solution process to provide the first insight into the electroluminescent (EL) properties of this new class of gold(III) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Malmberg
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Tobias von Arx
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monirul Hasan
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Atul Shukla
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Sarah K M McGregor
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Shih-Chun Lo
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ebinazar B Namdas
- Centre for Organic Photonics and Electronics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Koushik Venkatesan
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.,MQ Photonics Research Centre, MQ Sustainable Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Witzel
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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19
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Feuerstein W, Holzer C, Gui X, Neumeier L, Klopper W, Breher F. Synthesis of New Donor-Substituted Biphenyls: Pre-ligands for Highly Luminescent (C^C^D) Gold(III) Pincer Complexes. Chemistry 2020; 26:17156-17164. [PMID: 32735695 PMCID: PMC7821303 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We herein report on new synthetic strategies for the preparation of pyridine and imidazole substituted 2,2'-dihalo biphenyls. These structures are pre-ligands suitable for the preparation of respective stannoles. The latter can successfully be transmetalated to K[AuCl4 ] forming non-palindromic [(C^C^D)AuIII ] pincer complexes featuring a lateral pyridine (D=N) or N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC, D=C') donor. The latter is the first report on a pincer complex with two formally anionic sp2 and one carbenic carbon donor. The [(C^C^D)AuIII ] complexes show intense phosphorescence in solution at room temperature. We discuss the developed multistep strategy and touch upon synthetic challenges. The prepared complexes have been fully characterized including X-ray diffraction analysis. The gold(III) complexes' photophysical properties have been investigated by absorption and emission spectroscopy as well as quantum chemical calculations on the quasi-relativistic two-component TD-DFT and GW/Bethe-Salpeter level including spin-orbit coupling. Thus, we shed light on the electronic influence of the non-palindromic pincer ligand and reveal non-radiative relaxation pathways of the different ligands employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Feuerstein
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Engesserstr. 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Christof Holzer
- Institute of Theoretical Solid State PhysicsKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 176131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Xin Gui
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 276131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Lilly Neumeier
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Engesserstr. 1576131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Wim Klopper
- Institute of Physical ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Fritz-Haber-Weg 276131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Frank Breher
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryKarlsruhe Institute of, Technology (KIT)Engesserstr. 1576131KarlsruheGermany
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20
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Feuerstein W, Breher F. Synthetic access to a phosphorescent non-palindromic pincer complex of palladium by a double oxidative addition – comproportionation sequence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12589-12592. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04065g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A highly phosphorescent non-palindromic (C^C^N) palladium complex may be prepared by means of a double oxidative addition – comproportionation sequence, which is a new approach for the synthesis of non-palindromic pincer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Feuerstein
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Division Molecular Chemistry
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Frank Breher
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- Division Molecular Chemistry
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
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21
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Bechu D, Petre AM, Hosseini MW, Baudron SA. Heterometallic coordination polymers based on homo- and heteroleptic Au( iii) dithiolene complexes. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two novel hetero- and homoleptic Au(iii) dithiolene complexes have been designed, synthesized, characterized and employed for the elaboration of heterometallic coordination networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Bechu
- Université de Strasbourg
- CNRS
- CMC UMR 7140
- Strasbourg
- France
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22
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Ho PY, Cheng SC, Yiu SM, Au VKM, Xiang J, Leung CF, Ko CC. The Important Role of Coordination Geometry on Photophysical Properties of Blue-Green Emitting Ruthenium(II) Diisocyano Complexes Bearing 2-Benzoxazol-2-ylphenolate. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:11372-11381. [PMID: 31411456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of blue-green emitting RuII diisocyano complexes containing 2-benzoxazol-2-ylphenolate (PBO) have been prepared. The complexes were isolated under varied reaction conditions in two isomeric forms, i.e., trans,trans,trans- (1) and cis,trans,cis- (2), with varied ligand coordination geometry above the RuII center. The photoluminescence of the isomeric complexes has been compared and tuned by the systematic variation of the electronic properties of the isocyanides. The cis,trans,cis- isomers exhibit structureless emission in the blue-green region (471-517 nm) upon excitation at λex > 400 nm in dichloromethane solution at room temperature. Both isomeric forms show similarly structured greenish emission at 499-523 nm on excitation at λex > 355 nm in a methanol/ethanol (4:1) glassy medium at 77 K. On careful comparison with the corresponding absorption and electrochemical data, it is suggested that the solution emission of the cis,trans,cis- isomers (2) at room temperature is originated from the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT), while a ligand-centered (LC) parentage is assigned for the emission in a glassy state for both isomeric forms. In line with the above experimental results, DFT calculation demonstrates the change in the nature and relative energy of the HOMOs and LUMOs with respect to the varied ligand coordination geometry and π-accepting ability of the isocyanides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Yu Ho
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies , The Education University of Hong Kong , 10 Lo Ping Road , Tai Po , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
| | - Shun-Cheung Cheng
- Department of Chemistry , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong , China
| | - Shek-Man Yiu
- Department of Chemistry , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong , China
| | - Vonika Ka-Man Au
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies , The Education University of Hong Kong , 10 Lo Ping Road , Tai Po , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
| | - Jing Xiang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Yangtze University , JingZhou , China
| | - Chi-Fai Leung
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies , The Education University of Hong Kong , 10 Lo Ping Road , Tai Po , New Territories, Hong Kong , China
| | - Chi-Chiu Ko
- Department of Chemistry , City University of Hong Kong , Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon , Hong Kong , China
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23
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Vivancos Á, Bautista D, González-Herrero P. Luminescent Platinum(IV) Complexes Bearing Cyclometalated 1,2,3-Triazolylidene and Bi- or Terdentate 2,6-Diarylpyridine Ligands. Chemistry 2019; 25:6014-6025. [PMID: 30807669 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, structure, and photophysical properties of luminescent PtIV complexes that combine cyclometalated 1,2,3-triazolylidene and bi- or terdentate 2,6-diarylpyridine ligands are reported. The targeted complexes represent the first examples of PtIV species with a cyclometalated mesoionic aryl-NHC ligand. They exhibit moderate or weak emissions in fluid solution at 298 K arising from 3 LC states, which become very intense in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrices at 298 K. DFT and TD-DFT calculations confirm that the chromophoric ligand is the cyclometalated 2,6-diarylpyridine and show that the aryl-NHC ligand exerts a beneficial effect on the emission efficiencies of these derivatives by increasing the energy of deactivating LMCT excited states with respect to comparable PtIV complexes with cyclometalated 2-arylpyridine ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Vivancos
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Apdo. 4021, 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - Delia Bautista
- SAI, Universidad de Murcia, Apdo. 4021, 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo González-Herrero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Apdo. 4021, 30071, Murcia, Spain
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24
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Giménez N, Lalinde E, Lara R, Moreno MT. Design of Luminescent, Heteroleptic, Cyclometalated Pt
II
and Pt
IV
Complexes: Photophysics and Effects of the Cyclometalated Ligands. Chemistry 2019; 25:5514-5526. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Giménez
- Departamento de Química-Centro de Síntesis Química de La Rioja (CISQ)Universidad de La Rioja 26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Elena Lalinde
- Departamento de Química-Centro de Síntesis Química de La Rioja (CISQ)Universidad de La Rioja 26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Rebeca Lara
- Departamento de Química-Centro de Síntesis Química de La Rioja (CISQ)Universidad de La Rioja 26006 Logroño Spain
| | - M. Teresa Moreno
- Departamento de Química-Centro de Síntesis Química de La Rioja (CISQ)Universidad de La Rioja 26006 Logroño Spain
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25
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Malmberg R, Bachmann M, Blacque O, Venkatesan K. Thermally Robust and Tuneable Phosphorescent Gold(III) Complexes Bearing (N^N)‐Type Bidentate Ligands as Ancillary Chelates. Chemistry 2019; 25:3627-3636. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Malmberg
- Department of Molecular SciencesMacquarie University 4 Wally's Walk, NSW 2109 North Ryde Australia
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Koushik Venkatesan
- Department of Molecular SciencesMacquarie University 4 Wally's Walk, NSW 2109 North Ryde Australia
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
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26
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Fernandez-Cestau J, Rama RJ, Rocchigiani L, Bertrand B, Lalinde E, Linnolahti M, Bochmann M. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Au(III)–Ag(I) Aggregates. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2020-2030. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel J. Rama
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Sevilla, E- 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Benoı̂t Bertrand
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Lalinde
- Departamento de Química − Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Mikko Linnolahti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu Campus, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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27
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Bachmann M, Fessler R, Blacque O, Venkatesan K. Towards blue emitting monocyclometalated gold(iii) complexes – synthesis, characterization and photophysical investigations. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:7320-7330. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt05034a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The electronic properties of cyclometalating ligands and ancillary ligands were successfully tailored to achieve blue emission in monocyclometalated gold(iii) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bachmann
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Reto Fessler
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Koushik Venkatesan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zurich
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
- Department of Molecular Sciences
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28
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Stoliaroff A, Rio J, Latouche C. Accurate computations to simulate the phosphorescence spectra of large transition complexes: simulated colors match experiment. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02388g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, an ab initio investigation on the luminescence properties of three iridium(iii) complexes is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Stoliaroff
- Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel (IMN)
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
- France
| | - Jérémy Rio
- Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel (IMN)
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
- France
| | - Camille Latouche
- Institut des Materiaux Jean Rouxel (IMN)
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- 44322 Nantes cedex 3
- France
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29
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Williams MRM, Bertrand B, Fernandez-Cestau J, Waller ZAE, O'Connell MA, Searcey M, Bochmann M. Acridine-decorated cyclometallated gold(iii) complexes: synthesis and anti-tumour investigations. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:13523-13534. [PMID: 30204186 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02507j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
(C^N) and (C^N^C) cyclometalated Au(iii) represent a highly promising class of potential anticancer agents. We report here the synthesis of seven new cyclometalated Au(iii) complexes with five of them bearing an acridine moiety attached via (N^O) or (N^N) chelates, acyclic amino carbenes (AAC) and N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC). The antiproliferative properties of the different complexes were evaluated in vitro on a panel of cancer cells including leukaemia, lung and breast cancer cells. We observed a trend between the cytotoxicity and the intracellular gold uptake of some representative compounds of the series. Some of the acridine-decorated complexes were demonstrated to interact with ds-DNA using FRET-melting techniques.
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30
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Carboni S, Zucca A, Stoccoro S, Maiore L, Arca M, Ortu F, Artner C, Keppler BK, Meier-Menches SM, Casini A, Cinellu MA. New Variations on the Theme of Gold(III) C ∧N ∧N Cyclometalated Complexes as Anticancer Agents: Synthesis and Biological Characterization. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:14852-14865. [PMID: 30457328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel (C∧N∧N) cyclometalated AuIII complexes of general formula [Au(bipydmb-H)X][PF6] (bipydmb-H = C∧N∧N cyclometalated 6-(1,1-dimethylbenzyl)-2,2'-bipyridine) were prepared with a range of anionic ligands X in the fourth coordination position, featuring C (alkynyl)-, N-, O-, or S-donor atoms. The X ligands are varied in nature and include three coumarins, 4-ethynylaniline, saccharine, and thio-β-d-glucose tetraacetate, the tripeptide glutathione (GSH), and a coumarin-substituted amide derived from 4-ethynylaniline. The gold(I) complex [Au(C2ArNHCOQ)(PPh3)] (HC2ArNHCOQ = N-(4-ethynylphenyl)-2-oxo-2 H-chromene-3-carboxamide) was also prepared for comparison. The new compounds were fully characterized by means of analytical techniques, including NMR, absorption, and emission spectroscopy. The crystal structures of three cyclometalated AuIII complexes and of the AuI derivative were solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The antiproliferative activity of the new AuIII cyclometalated derivatives was evaluated against cancer cells in vitro. According to the obtained results, only complexes 3-PF6 and 5-PF6, featuring coumarins as ancillary ligands and endowed with high redox stability in solution, display antiproliferative effects, with 5-PF6 being the most potent, while all of the others are scarcely active to nonactive in the selected cell lines. In order to study the reactivity of the compounds with biomolecules, the interaction of complexes 3-PF6 and 5-PF6 with the protein cytochrome c and the amino acids cysteine and histidine was analyzed by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS), showing adduct formation only with Cys after at least 1 h incubation. Furthermore, the parent hydroxo complex [Au(bipydmb-H)(OH)][PF6] (1OH-PF6) was investigated in a competitive assay to determine the protein vs oligonucleotide binding preferences by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) coupled to ESI-MS. Of note, the compound was found to selectively form adducts with the oligonucleotide over the protein upon ligand exchange with the hydroxido ligand. Adduct formation occurred within the first 10 min of incubation, demonstrating the preference of 1OH-PF6 for nucleotides in this setup. Overall, the obtained results point toward the possibility to selectively target DNA with gold(III) organometallics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Carboni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Sassari , via Vienna 2 , 07100 Sassari , Italy
| | - Antonio Zucca
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Sassari , via Vienna 2 , 07100 Sassari , Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC) , 70126 Bari , Italy
| | - Sergio Stoccoro
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Sassari , via Vienna 2 , 07100 Sassari , Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC) , 70126 Bari , Italy
| | - Laura Maiore
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Sassari , via Vienna 2 , 07100 Sassari , Italy
| | - Massimiliano Arca
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche , Università degli Studi di Cagliari , S. S. 554-bivio per Sestu , 09042 - Monserrato ( Cagliari ), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ortu
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , M13 9PL Manchester , United Kingdom
| | - Christian Artner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Vienna , Waehringer Straße 42 , 1090 Vienna , Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research" , University of Vienna , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , University of Vienna , Waehringer Straße 42 , 1090 Vienna , Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research" , University of Vienna , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Samuel M Meier-Menches
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research" , University of Vienna , 1090 Vienna , Austria.,Department of Analytical Chemistry , University of Vienna , Waehringer Straße 38 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Angela Casini
- School of Chemistry , Cardiff University , Main Building, Park Place , CF10 3AT Cardiff , United Kingdom
| | - Maria Agostina Cinellu
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Sassari , via Vienna 2 , 07100 Sassari , Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC) , 70126 Bari , Italy
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31
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Collado S, Pueyo A, Baudequin C, Bischoff L, Jiménez AI, Cativiela C, Hoarau C, Urriolabeitia EP. Orthopalladation of GFP-Like Fluorophores Through C-H Bond Activation: Scope and Photophysical Properties. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Collado
- INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA; Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN; 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont Saint Aignan France
| | - Alejandro Pueyo
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza; Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Christine Baudequin
- INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA; Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN; 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont Saint Aignan France
| | - Laurent Bischoff
- INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA; Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN; 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont Saint Aignan France
| | - Ana Isabel Jiménez
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza; Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Carlos Cativiela
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza; Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Christophe Hoarau
- INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA; Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN; 1 rue Tesnière 76821 Mont Saint Aignan France
| | - Esteban P. Urriolabeitia
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH); CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza; Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
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32
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Montanel-Pérez S, Izaga A, Laguna A, Villacampa MD, Gimeno MC. Synthesis of Gold(III) Complexes with Bidentate Amino-Thiolate Ligands as Precursors of Novel Bifunctional Acyclic Diaminocarbenes. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:13097-13103. [PMID: 31458030 PMCID: PMC6645091 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two neutral bis(pentafluorophenyl)thiolate gold(III) complexes with the unsymmetrical S^N ligands 2-aminothiophenol or cysteamine have been synthesized and their reactivity has been studied. Homo- and heterodinuclear compounds were obtained by their coordination to gold(I) or silver(I) derivatives through the sulfur atom. Interestingly, a tetranuclear derivative bearing short gold(I)···gold(I) and the more unusual gold(I)···gold(III) interactions has been prepared. These amino-thiolate derivatives can be used as precursors for the synthesis of novel gold(III) acyclic diaminocarbene complexes by reaction with isocyanides CNR. The nucleophilic attack of the amino group to isocyanide molecules affords the synthesis of unprecedented bidentate C^S acyclic diaminocarbene ligands. All of the complexes are air- and moisture-stable at room temperature and have been spectroscopically and structurally characterized.
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33
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Tang MC, Kwok WK, Lai SL, Cheung WL, Chan MY, Wing-Wah Yam V. Rational molecular design for realizing high performance sky-blue-emitting gold(iii) complexes with monoaryl auxiliary ligands and their applications for both solution-processable and vacuum-deposited organic light-emitting devices. Chem Sci 2018; 10:594-605. [PMID: 30746101 PMCID: PMC6334663 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03636e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sky-blue-emitting arylgold(iii) complexes have been synthesized for OLEDs with EQEs of up to 11.3%.
A new class of sky-blue-emitting arylgold(iii) complexes containing tridentate bis-cyclometalating ligands derived from 2,6-diphenylpyridine (C^N^C) has been successfully designed and synthesized. By systematically varying the electron-withdrawing groups from cyano, fluoro, and trifluoromethyl to trifluoromethoxy groups on the phenyl ring of the tridentate C^N^C ligands, the emission maxima of these complexes have been significantly blue-shifted from 492 nm to 466 nm in dichloromethane solution. In addition, the higher excited state distortion with respect to the ground state associated with the multiple fluoro substitutions at the tridentate ligand has been successfully reduced by the employment of trifluoromethyl and trifluoromethoxy groups, as revealed by the Huang-Rhys factor. Taking advantage of their high photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 43% in the solid-state MCP thin-films, high performance solution-processable and vacuum-deposited organic light-emitting devices with external quantum efficiencies of up to 5.3% and 11.3%, respectively, have been realized. This work represents the first demonstration of sky-blue-emitting gold(iii) complexes with an x chromaticity coordinate of <0.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Chung Tang
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 852 2859 2153
| | - Wing-Kei Kwok
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 852 2859 2153
| | - Shiu-Lun Lai
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 852 2859 2153
| | - Wai-Lung Cheung
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 852 2859 2153
| | - Mei-Yee Chan
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 852 2859 2153
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 852 2859 2153
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34
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Blons C, Mallet‐Ladeira S, Amgoune A, Bourissou D. (P,C) Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes: Highly Active Catalysts for the Hydroarylation of Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:11732-11736. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201807106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Blons
- CNRS/Université Paul SabatierLaboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Sonia Mallet‐Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- CNRS/Université Paul SabatierLaboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul SabatierLaboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
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35
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Blons C, Mallet-Ladeira S, Amgoune A, Bourissou D. (P,C) Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes: Highly Active Catalysts for the Hydroarylation of Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201807106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Blons
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier; Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069); 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599); 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier; Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069); 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier; Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069); 118 Route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 France
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36
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Rocchigiani L, Fernandez-Cestau J, Chambrier I, Hrobárik P, Bochmann M. Unlocking Structural Diversity in Gold(III) Hydrides: Unexpected Interplay of cis/ trans-Influence on Stability, Insertion Chemistry, and NMR Chemical Shifts. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8287-8302. [PMID: 29860842 PMCID: PMC6047844 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of new families of stable or at least spectroscopically observable gold(III) hydride complexes is reported, including anionic cis-hydrido chloride, hydrido aryl, and cis-dihydride complexes. Reactions between (C^C)AuCl(PR3) and LiHBEt3 afford the first examples of gold(III) phosphino hydrides (C^C)AuH(PR3) (R = Me, Ph, p-tolyl; C^C = 4,4'-di- tert-butylbiphenyl-2,2'-diyl). The X-ray structure of (C^C)AuH(PMe3) was determined. LiHBEt3 reacts with (C^C)AuCl(py) to give [(C^C)Au(H)Cl]-, whereas (C^C)AuH(PR3) undergoes phosphine displacement, generating the dihydride [(C^C)AuH2]-. Monohydrido complexes hydroaurate dimethylacetylene dicarboxylate to give Z-vinyls. (C^N^C)Au pincer complexes give the first examples of gold(III) bridging hydrides. Stability, reactivity and bonding characteristics of Au(III)-H complexes crucially depend on the interplay between cis and trans-influence. Remarkably, these new gold(III) hydrides extend the range of observed NMR hydride shifts from δ -8.5 to +7 ppm. Relativistic DFT calculations show that the origin of this wide chemical shift variability as a function of the ligands depends on the different ordering and energy gap between "shielding" Au(dπ)-based orbitals and "deshielding" σ(Au-H)-type MOs, which are mixed to some extent upon inclusion of spin-orbit (SO) coupling. The resulting 1H hydride shifts correlate linearly with the DFT optimized Au-H distances and Au-H bond covalency. The effect of cis ligands follows a nearly inverse ordering to that of trans ligands. This study appears to be the first systematic delineation of cis ligand influence on M-H NMR shifts and provides the experimental evidence for the dramatic change of the 1H hydride shifts, including the sign change, upon mutual cis and trans ligand alternation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Julio Fernandez-Cestau
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Isabelle Chambrier
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hrobárik
- Institut
für Chemie, Technische Universität
Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, SK-84215 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7TJ Norwich, United Kingdom
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37
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Bertrand B, Williams MRM, Bochmann M. Gold(III) Complexes for Antitumor Applications: An Overview. Chemistry 2018; 24:11840-11851. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Bertrand
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East Anglia Norwich NR4 7TJ United Kingdom
- Sorbonne UniversitésUPMC Univ Paris 06CNRSInstitut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) 4 Place Jussieu 75005 Paris France
| | | | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of ChemistryUniversity of East Anglia Norwich NR4 7TJ United Kingdom
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38
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Serra J, Font P, Sosa Carrizo ED, Mallet-Ladeira S, Massou S, Parella T, Miqueu K, Amgoune A, Ribas X, Bourissou D. Cyclometalated gold(iii) complexes: noticeable differences between (N,C) and (P,C) ligands in migratory insertion. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3932-3940. [PMID: 29780525 PMCID: PMC5941201 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04899h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold(iii) complexes are garnering increasing interest for opto-electronic, therapeutic and catalytic applications.
Gold(iii) complexes are garnering increasing interest for opto-electronic, therapeutic and catalytic applications. But so far, very little is known about the factors controlling their reactivity and the very influence of the ancillary ligand. This article reports the first comprehensive study on this topic. The reactivity of a cationic (N,C) gold(iii) complex, namely 1A, towards ethylene has been thoroughly studied and compared with that of the related (P,C) complex 1C. A cationic gold(iii) complex 5A resulting from double insertion of ethylene was selectively obtained. Complex 5A was found to be remarkably stable. It was trapped with chloride and fully characterized. In marked contrast to that observed with 1C, no β-H elimination or linear-to-branched rearrangement of the alkyl chain occurred with 1A. The energy profile for the reactions of 1A with ethylene has been comprehensively investigated computationally, and the influence of the ancillary ligand has been precisely delineated. Because nitrogen is a weaker donor than carbon (and phosphorus), the (N,C) ligand is very electronically dissymmetric, much more than the (P,C) ligand. This makes the two reactive sites at gold quite different, which noticeably influences the competition between migratory insertion and β-H elimination, and actually changes the outcome of the olefin insertion at gold. This study provides valuable insight into the influence of ancillary ligands on gold(iii) reactivity, something critical to further develop Au(iii) and Au(i)/Au(iii) catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Serra
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - Pau Font
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - E Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254) , Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Angot , 64053 Pau Cedex 09 , France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France
| | - Stéphane Massou
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de RMN , Facultat de Ciències , Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona , Campus UAB , Bellaterra E-08193 , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254) , Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Angot , 64053 Pau Cedex 09 , France
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- CNRS , Université Paul Sabatier , Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France .
| | - Xavi Ribas
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS , Université Paul Sabatier , Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France .
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39
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Yuan YJ, Yu ZT, Chen DQ, Zou ZG. Metal-complex chromophores for solar hydrogen generation. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:603-631. [PMID: 27808300 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00436a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Solar H2 generation from water has been intensively investigated as a clean method to convert solar energy into hydrogen fuel. During the past few decades, many studies have demonstrated that metal complexes can act as efficient photoactive materials for photocatalytic H2 production. Here, we review the recent progress in the application of metal-complex chromophores to solar-to-H2 conversion, including metal-complex photosensitizers and supramolecular photocatalysts. A brief overview of the fundamental principles of photocatalytic H2 production is given. Then, different metal-complex photosensitizers and supramolecular photocatalysts are introduced in detail, and the most important factors that strictly determine their photocatalytic performance are also discussed. Finally, we illustrate some challenges and opportunities for future research in this promising area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jun Yuan
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China. and College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Zhen-Tao Yu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Da-Qin Chen
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Zou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, College of Engineering and Applied Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
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40
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Bertrand B, O'Connell MA, Waller ZAE, Bochmann M. A Gold(III) Pincer Ligand Scaffold for the Synthesis of Binuclear and Bioconjugated Complexes: Synthesis and Anticancer Potential. Chemistry 2018; 24:3613-3622. [PMID: 29334159 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclometalated (C^N^C)AuIII complexes bearing functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands provide a high-yielding, modular route to bioconjugated and binuclear complexes. This methodology has been applied to the synthesis of bioconjugated complexes presenting biotin and 17α-ethynylestradiol vectors, as well as to the synthesis of bimetallic AuIII /AuI complexes. The in vitro antiproliferative activities of these compounds against various cancer cells lines depend on the linker length, with the longer linker being the most potent. The estradiol conjugate AuC6 Estra proved to be more toxic against the estrogen receptor positive (ER+) cancer cells than against the ER- cancer cells and non-cancer cells. The bimetallic complex AuC6 Au was more selective for breast cancer cells with respect to a healthy cell standard than the monometallic complex AuNHC. The metal uptake study on cells expressing or not biotin and estrogen receptors revealed an improved and targeted delivery of gold for both the bioconjugated complexes AuC6 Biot and AuC6 Estra compared to the non-vectorised analogue AuNHC. The investigations of the interaction of the bioconjugates and bimetallic complexes with human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA using FRET-melting techniques revealed a reduced ability to stabilize this DNA structure with respect to the non-vectorised analogue AuNHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Bertrand
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.,Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
| | | | - Zoë A E Waller
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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41
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Bischoff L, Baudequin C, Hoarau C, Urriolabeitia EP. Organometallic Fluorophores of d 8 Metals (Pd, Pt, Au). ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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42
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Maroń A, Czerwińska K, Machura B, Raposo L, Roma-Rodrigues C, Fernandes AR, Małecki JG, Szlapa-Kula A, Kula S, Krompiec S. Spectroscopy, electrochemistry and antiproliferative properties of Au(iii), Pt(ii) and Cu(ii) complexes bearing modified 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine ligands. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:6444-6463. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00558c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Impact of the metal centre and the substituent incorporated into a terpy framework.
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43
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To WP, Zhou D, Tong GSM, Cheng G, Yang C, Che CM. Highly Luminescent Pincer Gold(III) Aryl Emitters: Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence and Solution-Processed OLEDs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Pong To
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Dongling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Glenna So Ming Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Gang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation; Shenzhen Guangdong 518053 China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation; Shenzhen Guangdong 518053 China
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44
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To WP, Zhou D, Tong GSM, Cheng G, Yang C, Che CM. Highly Luminescent Pincer Gold(III) Aryl Emitters: Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence and Solution-Processed OLEDs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14036-14041. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Pong To
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Dongling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Glenna So Ming Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Gang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation; Shenzhen Guangdong 518053 China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
- HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation; Shenzhen Guangdong 518053 China
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45
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Lemon CM, Powers DC, Brothers PJ, Nocera DG. Gold Corroles as Near-IR Phosphors for Oxygen Sensing. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:10991-10997. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Lemon
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- School
of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag
92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - David C. Powers
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Penelope J. Brothers
- School
of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag
92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Daniel G. Nocera
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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46
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Fernandez-Cestau J, Bertrand B, Pintus A, Bochmann M. Synthesis, Structures, and Properties of Luminescent (C∧N∧C)gold(III) Alkyl Complexes: Correlation between Photoemission Energies and C–H Acidity. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benoı̂t Bertrand
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ. U.K
| | - Anna Pintus
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ. U.K
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ. U.K
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47
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Bachmann M, Blacque O, Venkatesan K. Harnessing White-Light Luminescence via Tunable Singlet-and Triplet-Derived Emissions Based on Gold(III) Complexes. Chemistry 2017; 23:9451-9456. [PMID: 28589572 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
White light emitting gold(III) complexes were synthesized by tuning the percentage of metal dπ contribution in the charge transfer. This was achieved through specific tailoring of the ligand scaffold, which led to increase in the HOMO π-energy properties, resulting in a decrease of efficiency on the intersystem crossing (ISC). As a consequence, monomolecular based singlet- and triplet-derived emission covering the entire visible spectrum with quantum yield up to 28 % and CIE-1931 chromaticity coordinates of (0.29, 0.33) to (0.32, 0.40) could be obtained. Furthermore, two complexes displayed excitation-dependent emission property due to hyper-ISC allowing the regulation of the ratio between fluorescence versus phosphorescence intensity and accomplish precise tuning of white light emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bachmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Blacque
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Koushik Venkatesan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2019, Australia
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48
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Belmonte Sánchez E, Iglesias MJ, el Hajjouji H, Roces L, García-Granda S, Villuendas P, Urriolabeitia EP, López Ortiz F. Cycloaurated Phosphinothioic Amide Complex as a Precursor of Gold(I) Nanoparticles: Efficient Catalysts for A3 Synthesis of Propargylamines under Solvent-Free Conditions. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Belmonte Sánchez
- Área
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Almería, Ctra.
Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - María José Iglesias
- Área
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Almería, Ctra.
Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Hajar el Hajjouji
- Área
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Almería, Ctra.
Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Laura Roces
- Departamento
de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Santiago García-Granda
- Departamento
de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pedro Villuendas
- Instituto
de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea,
ISQCH, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Esteban P. Urriolabeitia
- Instituto
de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea,
ISQCH, CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando López Ortiz
- Área
de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Almería, Ctra.
Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain
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49
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To WP, Tong GSM, Cheung CW, Yang C, Zhou D, Che CM. Luminescent Cyclometalated Gold(III) Alkyl Complexes: Photophysical and Photochemical Properties. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:5046-5059. [PMID: 28406016 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of luminescent cyclometalated gold(III) complexes having alkyls as auxiliary ligands has been prepared. The alkyl ligand was found to effectively increase the emission quantum yields and lifetimes of luminescent cyclometalated gold(III) complexes by circumventing the population of LLCT excited states that are found in complexes supported by arylacetylide ligands. These gold(III) alkyl complexes exhibit emission quantum yields and lifetimes of up to 0.40 and 180 μs, respectively, in solution at room temperature. The triplet emission color of these complexes is tunable from yellow to sky blue by modifying the cyclometalating ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Pong To
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Glenna So Ming Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Wah Cheung
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,HKU Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation , Shenzhen 518053, People's Republic of China
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50
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Giménez N, Lara R, Moreno MT, Lalinde E. Facile Approaches to Phosphorescent Bis(cyclometalated) Pentafluorophenyl PtIVComplexes: Photophysics and Computational Studies. Chemistry 2017; 23:5758-5771. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Giménez
- Departamento de Química-Centro de Síntesis Química de La Rioja (CISQ); Universidad de La Rioja; 26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Rebeca Lara
- Departamento de Química-Centro de Síntesis Química de La Rioja (CISQ); Universidad de La Rioja; 26006 Logroño Spain
| | - M. Teresa Moreno
- Departamento de Química-Centro de Síntesis Química de La Rioja (CISQ); Universidad de La Rioja; 26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Elena Lalinde
- Departamento de Química-Centro de Síntesis Química de La Rioja (CISQ); Universidad de La Rioja; 26006 Logroño Spain
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