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Maestre‐Carballa L, Navarro‐López V, Martinez‐Garcia M. Metagenomic airborne resistome from urban hot spots through the One Health lens. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2024; 16:e13306. [PMID: 38923122 PMCID: PMC11194455 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Human activities are a significant contributor to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which pose a serious threat to human health. These ARGs can be transmitted through various pathways, including air, within the context of One Health. This study used metagenomics to monitor the resistomes in urban air from two critical locations: a wastewater treatment plant and a hospital, both indoor and outdoor. The presence of cell-like structures was confirmed through fluorescence microscopy. The metagenomic analysis revealed a wide variety of ARGs and a high diversity of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the airborne particles collected. The wastewater treatment plant showed higher relative abundances with 32 ARG hits per Gb and m3, followed by the main entrance of the hospital (indoor) with ≈5 ARG hits per Gb and m3. The hospital entrance exhibited the highest ARG richness, with a total of 152 different ARGs classified into nine categories of antibiotic resistance. Common commensal and pathogenic bacteria carrying ARGs, such as Moraxella, Staphylococcus and Micrococcus, were detected in the indoor airborne particles of the hospital. Interestingly, no ARGs were shared among all the samples analysed, indicating a highly variable dynamic of airborne resistomes. Furthermore, the study found no ARGs in the airborne viral fractions analysed, suggesting that airborne viruses play a negligible role in the dissemination of ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Maestre‐Carballa
- Department of Physiology, Genetics, and MicrobiologyUniversity of AlicanteAlicanteSpain
- Instituto Multidisciplinar Para el Estudio del Medio Ramon MargalefUniversity of AlicanteAlicanteSpain
| | - Vicente Navarro‐López
- Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease UnitHospital Universitario VinalopóElcheSpain
| | - Manuel Martinez‐Garcia
- Department of Physiology, Genetics, and MicrobiologyUniversity of AlicanteAlicanteSpain
- Instituto Multidisciplinar Para el Estudio del Medio Ramon MargalefUniversity of AlicanteAlicanteSpain
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2
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Viteri G, Rodríguez A, Aranda A, Rodriguez-Fariñas N, Valiente N, Rodriguez D, Diaz-de-Mera Y, Seseña S. Trace elements and microbial community composition associated with airborne PM 2.5 in wetlands: A case study in Tablas de Daimiel National Park. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167502. [PMID: 37793440 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Tablas de Daimiel National Park (TDNP) is one of the most important wetlands in the Iberian Peninsula. Due to its location near various cities and new industries focused on agricultural waste revalorization, we investigated concurrently the concentrations of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) mass, trace element composition, and associated microbial communities (bacteria and fungi) during a year-long study. The goal of this study was to explore the dependencies among these physicochemical and microbiological parameters on a seasonal time scale. Additionally, we assessed meteorological conditions and back trajectories to shed light on atmospheric mechanisms and sources related to these elements. We found the variability of PM2.5 to be influenced by local meteorological parameters. Through the analysis of crustal enrichment factors (EFs), bivariate correlations, and air mass patterns, we determined that soil resuspension was the primary contributor to elevated metal concentrations in PM2.5 within the park, followed by other minor sources, such as traffic emissions and Sahara dust intrusions. The measured metal levels were used to calculate the ecological risk in the area, resulting in a low ecological risk index (RI) of 52. Shifts in microbial community structure were observed to be mainly driven by changes in air temperature and Cu concentration. The results from this study contribute to a better understanding of the environmental dynamics in TDNP. Taken together, our findings will aid in the development of effective strategies for its conservation and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Viteri
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ana Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Avenida Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
| | - Alfonso Aranda
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | - Nicolás Valiente
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - Diana Rodriguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Avenida Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Yolanda Diaz-de-Mera
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avenida Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Susana Seseña
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Avenida Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
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3
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Long-Term Studies of Biological Components of Atmospheric Aerosol: Trends and Variability. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13050651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Biological components of atmospheric aerosol affect the quality of atmospheric air. Long-term trends in changes of the concentrations of total protein (a universal marker of the biogenic component of atmospheric aerosol) and culturable microorganisms in the air are studied. Methods: Atmospheric air samples are taken at two locations in the south of Western Siberia and during airborne sounding of the atmosphere. Sample analysis is carried out in the laboratory using standard culture methods (culturable microorganisms) and the fluorescence method (total protein). Results: Negative trends in the average annual concentration of total protein and culturable microorganisms in the air are revealed over more than 20 years of observations. For the concentration of total protein and culturable microorganisms in the air, intra-annual dynamics is revealed. The ratio of the maximum and minimum values of these concentrations reaches an order of magnitude. The variability of concentrations does not exceed, as a rule, two times for total protein and three times for culturable microorganisms. At the same time, for the data obtained in the course of airborne sounding of the atmosphere, a high temporal stability of the vertical profiles of the studied concentrations was found. The detected biodiversity of culturable microorganisms in atmospheric air samples demonstrates a very high variability at all observation sites. Conclusions: The revealed long-term changes in the biological components of atmospheric aerosol result in a decrease in their contribution to the atmospheric air quality index.
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Alsante AN, Thornton DCO, Brooks SD. Ocean Aerobiology. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:764178. [PMID: 34777320 PMCID: PMC8586456 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.764178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocean aerobiology is defined here as the study of biological particles of marine origin, including living organisms, present in the atmosphere and their role in ecological, biogeochemical, and climate processes. Hundreds of trillions of microorganisms are exchanged between ocean and atmosphere daily. Within a few days, tropospheric transport potentially disperses microorganisms over continents and between oceans. There is a need to better identify and quantify marine aerobiota, characterize the time spans and distances of marine microorganisms’ atmospheric transport, and determine whether microorganisms acclimate to atmospheric conditions and remain viable, or even grow. Exploring the atmosphere as a microbial habitat is fundamental for understanding the consequences of dispersal and will expand our knowledge of biodiversity, biogeography, and ecosystem connectivity across different marine environments. Marine organic matter is chemically transformed in the atmosphere, including remineralization back to CO2. The magnitude of these transformations is insignificant in the context of the annual marine carbon cycle, but may be a significant sink for marine recalcitrant organic matter over long (∼104 years) timescales. In addition, organic matter in sea spray aerosol plays a significant role in the Earth’s radiative budget by scattering solar radiation, and indirectly by affecting cloud properties. Marine organic matter is generally a poor source of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), but a significant source of ice nucleating particles (INPs), affecting the formation of mixed-phase and ice clouds. This review will show that marine biogenic aerosol plays an impactful, but poorly constrained, role in marine ecosystems, biogeochemical processes, and the Earth’s climate system. Further work is needed to characterize the connectivity and feedbacks between the atmosphere and ocean ecosystems in order to integrate this complexity into Earth System models, facilitating future climate and biogeochemical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa N Alsante
- Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Daniel C O Thornton
- Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Sarah D Brooks
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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Becsei Á, Solymosi N, Csabai I, Magyar D. Detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in urban air. Microbiologyopen 2021; 10:e1248. [PMID: 34964297 PMCID: PMC8594764 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria, we need to monitor environmental microbes as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). These bacteria are present in the air and can be investigated with the whole metagenome shotgun sequencing approach. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of a method for metagenomic analysis of microbial composition and ARGs in the outdoor air. Air samples were collected with a Harvard impactor in the PM10 range at 50 m from a hospital in Budapest. From the DNA yielded from samples of PM10 fraction single-end reads were generated with an Ion Torrent sequencer. During the metagenomic analysis, reads were classified taxonomically. The core bacteriome was defined. Reads were assembled to contigs and the ARG content was analyzed. The dominant genera in the core bacteriome were Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Leclercia and Paenibacillus. Among the identified ARGs best hits were vanRA, Bla1, mphL, Escherichia coli EF-Tu mutants conferring resistance to pulvomycin; BcI, FosB, and mphM. Despite the low DNA content of the samples of PM10 fraction, the number of detected airborne ARGs was surprisingly high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Becsei
- Department of Physics of Complex SystemsEötvös Loránd UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Norbert Solymosi
- Centre for BioinformaticsUniversity of Veterinary MedicineBudapestHungary
| | - István Csabai
- Department of Physics of Complex SystemsEötvös Loránd UniversityBudapestHungary
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Wilczyńska-Michalik W, Różańska A, Bulanda M, Chmielarczyk A, Pietras B, Michalik M. Physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of urban aerosols in Krakow (Poland) and their potential health impact. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:4601-4626. [PMID: 33913083 PMCID: PMC8528768 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00950-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Eight aerosol samples were collected in Krakow using a low-volume sampler in February and March 2019 during variable meteorological conditions and times of the day, to study their single particles' properties (size, morphology and chemical composition analyzed using a scanning electron microscope fitted with an energy-dispersive spectrometer) and microbiological characteristics. The content of particles of different chemical compositions larger than 2.5 μm was low. Considering the number of the particles, submicron particles strongly dominated with a high content of ultrafine particles (nanoparticles). Tar ball-type particles were relatively common in the studied samples, while soot was the dominant component. Soot was present as small agglomerates composed of few particles, but also as bigger agglomerates. Metal-containing particles of various chemical characteristics were abundant, with transition metals commonly occurring in these particles. The physicochemical characteristics of aerosols indicate that despite a relatively low mass concentration, their adverse health impact could be very strong because of the high content of nanoparticles, the abundance of soot and other fuel combustion-related particles, and the high incidence of transition metal-rich particles. Microbiological analysis was based on cultures on both solid and liquid agar. The MALDI-TOF method was used for species identification-for bacteria and fungi. Twelve different species of bacteria were isolated from the collected samples of aerosols. The most frequently isolated species was Gram-positive sporulating Bacillus licheniformis. The isolated mold fungi were of the genus Aspergillus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Różańska
- Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Bulanda
- Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Chmielarczyk
- Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Czysta 18, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Pietras
- Institute of Geography, Pedagogical University in Kraków, ul. Podchorążych 2, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Michalik
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Ul. Gronostajowa 3a, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Schuit M, Gardner S, Taylor J, Dabisch P. Evaluation of four sampling devices for Burkholderia pseudomallei laboratory aerosol studies. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009001. [PMID: 33524051 PMCID: PMC7850477 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous field and laboratory studies investigating airborne Burkholderia pseudomallei have used a variety of different aerosol samplers to detect and quantify concentrations of the bacteria in aerosols. However, the performance of aerosol samplers can vary in their ability to preserve the viability of collected microorganisms, depending on the resistance of the organisms to impaction, desiccation, or other stresses associated with the sampling process. Consequently, sampler selection is critical to maximizing the probability of detecting viable microorganisms in collected air samples in field studies and for accurate determination of aerosol concentrations in laboratory studies. To inform such decisions, the present study assessed the performance of four laboratory aerosol samplers, specifically the all-glass impinger (AGI), gelatin filter, midget impinger, and Mercer cascade impactor, for collecting aerosols containing B. pseudomallei generated from suspensions in two types of culture media. The results suggest that the relative performance of the sampling devices is dependent on the suspension medium utilized for aerosolization. Performance across the four samplers was similar for aerosols generated from suspensions supplemented with 4% glycerol. However, for aerosols generated from suspensions without glycerol, use of the filter sampler or an impactor resulted in significantly lower estimates of the viable aerosol concentration than those obtained with either the AGI or midget impinger. These results demonstrate that sampler selection has the potential to affect estimation of doses in inhalational animal models of melioidosis, as well as the likelihood of detection of viable B. pseudomallei in the environment, and will be useful to inform design of future laboratory and field studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schuit
- National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, Operated by BNBI for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Sierra Gardner
- National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, Operated by BNBI for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jill Taylor
- National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, Operated by BNBI for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Paul Dabisch
- National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, Operated by BNBI for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America
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8
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Ruiz-Gil T, Acuña JJ, Fujiyoshi S, Tanaka D, Noda J, Maruyama F, Jorquera MA. Airborne bacterial communities of outdoor environments and their associated influencing factors. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 145:106156. [PMID: 33039877 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Microbial entities (such bacteria, fungi, archaea and viruses) within outdoor aerosols have been scarcely studied compared with indoor aerosols and nonbiological components, and only during the last few decades have their studies increased. Bacteria represent an important part of the microbial abundance and diversity in a wide variety of rural and urban outdoor bioaerosols. Currently, airborne bacterial communities are mainly sampled in two aerosol size fractions (2.5 and 10 µm) and characterized by culture-dependent (plate-counting) and culture-independent (DNA sequencing) approaches. Studies have revealed a large diversity of bacteria in bioaerosols, highlighting Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes as ubiquitous phyla. Seasonal variations in and dispersion of bacterial communities have also been observed between geographical locations as has their correlation with specific atmospheric factors. Several investigations have also suggested the relevance of airborne bacteria in the public health and agriculture sectors as well as remediation and atmospheric processes. However, although factors influencing airborne bacterial communities and standardized procedures for their assessment have recently been proposed, the use of bacterial taxa as microbial indicators of specific bioaerosol sources and seasonality have not been broadly explored. Thus, in this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in the study of airborne bacterial communities in outdoor environments and the possible factors influencing their abundance, diversity, and seasonal variation. Furthermore, airborne bacterial activity and bioprospecting in different fields (e.g., the textile industry, the food industry, medicine, and bioremediation) are discussed. We expect that this review will reveal the relevance and influencing factors of airborne bacteria in outdoor environments as well as stimulate new investigations on the atmospheric microbiome, particularly in areas where air quality is a public concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tay Ruiz-Gil
- Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jacquelinne J Acuña
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Network for Extreme Environment Research (NEXER), Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Center for Holobiome and Built Environment (CHOBE), Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - So Fujiyoshi
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Network for Extreme Environment Research (NEXER), Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Microbial Genomics and Ecology, Office of Industry-Academia-Government and Community Collaboration, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Center for Holobiome and Built Environment (CHOBE), Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tanaka
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Jun Noda
- Center for Holobiome and Built Environment (CHOBE), Hiroshima University, Japan; Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Fumito Maruyama
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Network for Extreme Environment Research (NEXER), Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Microbial Genomics and Ecology, Office of Industry-Academia-Government and Community Collaboration, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Center for Holobiome and Built Environment (CHOBE), Hiroshima University, Japan
| | - Milko A Jorquera
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Aplicada (EMALAB), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Network for Extreme Environment Research (NEXER), Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Center for Holobiome and Built Environment (CHOBE), Hiroshima University, Japan.
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Safatov A, Andreeva I, Buryak G, Ohlopkova O, Olkin S, Puchkova L, Reznikova I, Solovyanova N, Belan B, Panchenko M, Simonenkov D. How Has the Hazard to Humans of Microorganisms Found in Atmospheric Aerosol in the South of Western Siberia Changed over 10 Years? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051651. [PMID: 32138383 PMCID: PMC7084375 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important components of atmospheric aerosols are microorganisms. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the hazard to humans, both from individual microorganisms which are present in atmospheric bioaerosols as well as from their pool. An approach for determining the hazard of bacteria and yeasts found in atmospheric bioaerosols for humans has previously been proposed. The purpose of this paper is to compare our results for 2006-2008 with the results of studies obtained in 2012-2016 to identify changes in the characteristics of bioaerosols occurring over a decade in the south of Western Siberia. Experimental data on the growth, morphological and biochemical properties of bacteria and yeasts were determined for each isolate found in bioaerosol samples. The integral indices of the hazards of bacteria and yeast for humans were constructed for each isolate based on experimentally determined isolate characteristics according to the approach developed by authors in 2008. Data analysis of two datasets showed that hazard to humans of culturable microorganisms in the atmospheric aerosol in the south of Western Siberia has not changed significantly for 10 years (trends are undistinguishable from zero with a confidence level of more than 95%) despite a noticeable decrease in the average annual number of culturable microorganisms per cubic meter (6-10 times for 10 years).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr Safatov
- Department of Biophysics and Ecological Researches, FBRI SRC VB “Vector” of Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Novosibirsk rgn., Russia; (I.A.); (G.B.); (O.O.); (S.O.); (L.P.); (I.R.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-913-927-2690
| | - Irina Andreeva
- Department of Biophysics and Ecological Researches, FBRI SRC VB “Vector” of Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Novosibirsk rgn., Russia; (I.A.); (G.B.); (O.O.); (S.O.); (L.P.); (I.R.); (N.S.)
| | - Galina Buryak
- Department of Biophysics and Ecological Researches, FBRI SRC VB “Vector” of Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Novosibirsk rgn., Russia; (I.A.); (G.B.); (O.O.); (S.O.); (L.P.); (I.R.); (N.S.)
| | - Olesia Ohlopkova
- Department of Biophysics and Ecological Researches, FBRI SRC VB “Vector” of Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Novosibirsk rgn., Russia; (I.A.); (G.B.); (O.O.); (S.O.); (L.P.); (I.R.); (N.S.)
| | - Sergei Olkin
- Department of Biophysics and Ecological Researches, FBRI SRC VB “Vector” of Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Novosibirsk rgn., Russia; (I.A.); (G.B.); (O.O.); (S.O.); (L.P.); (I.R.); (N.S.)
| | - Larisa Puchkova
- Department of Biophysics and Ecological Researches, FBRI SRC VB “Vector” of Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Novosibirsk rgn., Russia; (I.A.); (G.B.); (O.O.); (S.O.); (L.P.); (I.R.); (N.S.)
| | - Irina Reznikova
- Department of Biophysics and Ecological Researches, FBRI SRC VB “Vector” of Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Novosibirsk rgn., Russia; (I.A.); (G.B.); (O.O.); (S.O.); (L.P.); (I.R.); (N.S.)
| | - Nadezda Solovyanova
- Department of Biophysics and Ecological Researches, FBRI SRC VB “Vector” of Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo, 630559 Novosibirsk rgn., Russia; (I.A.); (G.B.); (O.O.); (S.O.); (L.P.); (I.R.); (N.S.)
| | - Boris Belan
- Laboratory of Atmosphere Composition Climatology, V.E. Zuev Institute Of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (B.B.); (M.P.); (D.S.)
| | - Mikhail Panchenko
- Laboratory of Atmosphere Composition Climatology, V.E. Zuev Institute Of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (B.B.); (M.P.); (D.S.)
| | - Denis Simonenkov
- Laboratory of Atmosphere Composition Climatology, V.E. Zuev Institute Of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, 634055 Tomsk, Russia; (B.B.); (M.P.); (D.S.)
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10
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Dueker ME, French S, O'Mullan GD. Comparison of Bacterial Diversity in Air and Water of a Major Urban Center. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2868. [PMID: 30555433 PMCID: PMC6282627 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of wind with aquatic and terrestrial surfaces is known to control the creation of microbial aerosols allowing for their entrainment into air masses that can be transported regionally and globally. Near surface interactions between urban waterways and urban air are understudied but some level of interaction among these bacterial communities would be expected and may be relevant to understanding both urban air and water quality. To address this gap related to patterns of local air-water microbial exchange, we utilized next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA genes from paired air and water samples collected from 3 urban waterfront sites and evaluated their relative bacterial diversity. Aerosol samples at all sites were significantly more diverse than water samples. Only 17–22% of each site’s bacterial aerosol OTUs were present at every site. These shared aerosol OTUs included taxa associated with terrestrial systems (e.g., Bacillus), aquatic systems (e.g., Planktomarina) and sewage (e.g., Enterococcus). In fact, sewage-associated genera were detected in both aerosol and water samples, (e.g., Bifidobacterium, Blautia, and Faecalibacterium), demonstrating the widespread influence of similar pollution sources across these urban environments. However, the majority (50–61%) of the aerosol OTUs at each site were unique to that site, suggesting that local sources are an important influence on bioaerosols. According to indicator species analysis, each site’s aerosols harbored the highest percentage of bacterial OTUs statistically determined to uniquely represent that site’s aquatic bacterial community, further demonstrating a local connection between water quality and air quality in the urban environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elias Dueker
- Biology and Environmental & Urban Studies Programs, Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY, United States.,Bard Center for the Study of Land, Air, and Water, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY, United States.,Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, United States
| | - Shaya French
- Biology and Environmental & Urban Studies Programs, Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY, United States
| | - Gregory D O'Mullan
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Queens College, City University of New York, New York City, NY, United States
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11
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Application of Cytosense flow cytometer for the analysis of airborne bacteria collected by a high volume impingement sampler. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 154:63-72. [PMID: 30342070 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of airborne bacterial cells requires efficient collection, concentration, and analysis techniques, particularly to overcome the challenge of their dilute nature in outdoor environments. This study aims to establish a rapid and reliable approach for quantification of bacteria in air samples. To do this, a high volume impingement sampler was applied to collect airborne bacteria from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The bacterial cell density was estimated by a Cytosense flow cytometer (Cytobouy) and compared to quantitative PCR (qPCR) data based on 16S rRNA genes. The average bacterial cell density measured by Cytosense ranged from 1.1 to 2.5 × 104 cells m-3 of air and that estimated by qPCR ranged from 0.08 to 3.8 × 104 cells m-3 of air. Regression analysis showed no systematic difference in bacterial cell densities between two methods applied when the cells were analyzed in vivo, and statistical tests confirmed that Cytosense counts of unfixed samples provided realistic values. Bacterial cell densities and the amount of DNA extracted from the sample were significantly correlated with relative humidity on a sampling day. The results showed that the present method was reliable to estimate bacteria densities from the outdoor environment, and the analysis given by Cytosense was faster and more sensitive than qPCR method. In addition, the Cytosense gave valuable information about cell characteristics at different sampling conditions.
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12
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Onshore Wind Speed Modulates Microbial Aerosols along an Urban Waterfront. ATMOSPHERE 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos8110215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Echeverria-Palencia C, Thulsiraj V, Tran N, Ericksen CA, Melendez I, Sanchez MG, Walpert D, Yuan T, Ficara E, Senthilkumar N, Sun F, Li R, Hernandez-Cira M, Gamboa D, Haro H, Paulson SE, Zhu Y, Jay JA. Disparate Antibiotic Resistance Gene Quantities Revealed across 4 Major Cities in California: A Survey in Drinking Water, Air, and Soil at 24 Public Parks. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:2255-2263. [PMID: 30023659 PMCID: PMC6044758 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Widespread prevalence of multidrug and pandrug-resistant bacteria has prompted substantial concern over the global dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Environmental compartments can behave as genetic reservoirs and hotspots, wherein resistance genes can accumulate and be laterally transferred to clinically relevant pathogens. In this work, we explore the ARG copy quantities in three environmental media distributed across four cities in California and demonstrate that there exist city-to-city disparities in soil and drinking water ARGs. Statistically significant differences in ARGs were identified in soil, where differences in blaSHV gene copies were the most striking; the highest copy numbers were observed in Bakersfield (6.0 × 10-2 copies/16S-rRNA gene copies and 2.6 × 106 copies/g of soil), followed by San Diego (1.8 × 10-3 copies/16S-rRNA gene copies and 3.0 × 104 copies/g of soil), Fresno (1.8 × 10-5 copies/16S-rRNA gene copies and 8.5 × 102 copies/g of soil), and Los Angeles (5.8 × 10-6 copies/16S-rRNA gene copies and 5.6 × 102 copies/g of soil). In addition, ARG copy numbers in the air, water, and soil of each city are contextualized in relation to globally reported quantities and illustrate that individual genes are not necessarily predictors for the environmental resistome as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina
M. Echeverria-Palencia
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Vanessa Thulsiraj
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Biology
Department, Mount Saint Mary’s University, 12001 Chalon Road, Los Angeles, California 90049, United States
| | - Nghi Tran
- Institute
of the Environment and Sustainability, University
of California at Los Angeles, LaKretz Building, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Cody A. Ericksen
- Institute
of the Environment and Sustainability, University
of California at Los Angeles, LaKretz Building, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Isabel Melendez
- Institute
of the Environment and Sustainability, University
of California at Los Angeles, LaKretz Building, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Michael G. Sanchez
- Institute
of the Environment and Sustainability, University
of California at Los Angeles, LaKretz Building, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Devin Walpert
- Institute
of the Environment and Sustainability, University
of California at Los Angeles, LaKretz Building, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tony Yuan
- Institute
of the Environment and Sustainability, University
of California at Los Angeles, LaKretz Building, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Elizabeth Ficara
- Institute
of the Environment and Sustainability, University
of California at Los Angeles, LaKretz Building, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Niru Senthilkumar
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Fangfang Sun
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Renjie Li
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Marisol Hernandez-Cira
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Demi Gamboa
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Heather Haro
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Suzanne E. Paulson
- Institute
of the Environment and Sustainability, University
of California at Los Angeles, LaKretz Building, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yifang Zhu
- Institute
of the Environment and Sustainability, University
of California at Los Angeles, LaKretz Building, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Jay
- Civil
and Environmental Engineering Department, University of California at Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los
Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Institute
of the Environment and Sustainability, University
of California at Los Angeles, LaKretz Building, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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14
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Liu Q, Zhang Y, Jing W, Liu S, Zhang D, Sui G. First airborne pathogen direct analysis system. Analyst 2016; 141:1637-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an02367j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This is the first portable “sample to answer” system for the rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yuxiao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Wenwen Jing
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Sixiu Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Guodong Sui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3)
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- China
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15
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Behzad H, Gojobori T, Mineta K. Challenges and opportunities of airborne metagenomics. Genome Biol Evol 2015; 7:1216-26. [PMID: 25953766 PMCID: PMC4453059 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evv064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent metagenomic studies of environments, such as marine and soil, have significantly enhanced our understanding of the diverse microbial communities living in these habitats and their essential roles in sustaining vast ecosystems. The increase in the number of publications related to soil and marine metagenomics is in sharp contrast to those of air, yet airborne microbes are thought to have significant impacts on many aspects of our lives from their potential roles in atmospheric events such as cloud formation, precipitation, and atmospheric chemistry to their major impact on human health. In this review, we will discuss the current progress in airborne metagenomics, with a special focus on exploring the challenges and opportunities of undertaking such studies. The main challenges of conducting metagenomic studies of airborne microbes are as follows: 1) Low density of microorganisms in the air, 2) efficient retrieval of microorganisms from the air, 3) variability in airborne microbial community composition, 4) the lack of standardized protocols and methodologies, and 5) DNA sequencing and bioinformatics-related challenges. Overcoming these challenges could provide the groundwork for comprehensive analysis of airborne microbes and their potential impact on the atmosphere, global climate, and our health. Metagenomic studies offer a unique opportunity to examine viral and bacterial diversity in the air and monitor their spread locally or across the globe, including threats from pathogenic microorganisms. Airborne metagenomic studies could also lead to discoveries of novel genes and metabolic pathways relevant to meteorological and industrial applications, environmental bioremediation, and biogeochemical cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayedeh Behzad
- Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Takashi Gojobori
- Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Katsuhiko Mineta
- Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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16
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Seifried JS, Wichels A, Gerdts G. Spatial distribution of marine airborne bacterial communities. Microbiologyopen 2015; 4:475-90. [PMID: 25800495 PMCID: PMC4475389 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatial distribution of bacterial populations in marine bioaerosol samples was investigated during a cruise from the North Sea to the Baltic Sea via Skagerrak and Kattegat. The analysis of the sampled bacterial communities with a pyrosequencing approach revealed that the most abundant phyla were represented by the Proteobacteria (49.3%), Bacteroidetes (22.9%), Actinobacteria (16.3%), and Firmicutes (8.3%). Cyanobacteria were assigned to 1.5% of all bacterial reads. A core of 37 bacterial OTUs made up more than 75% of all bacterial sequences. The most abundant OTU was Sphingomonas sp. which comprised 17% of all bacterial sequences. The most abundant bacterial genera were attributed to distinctly different areas of origin, suggesting highly heterogeneous sources for bioaerosols of marine and coastal environments. Furthermore, the bacterial community was clearly affected by two environmental parameters – temperature as a function of wind direction and the sampling location itself. However, a comparison of the wind directions during the sampling and calculated backward trajectories underlined the need for more detailed information on environmental parameters for bioaerosol investigations. The current findings support the assumption of a bacterial core community in the atmosphere. They may be emitted from strong aerosolizing sources, probably being mixed and dispersed over long distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin S Seifried
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Antje Wichels
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Gunnar Gerdts
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Helgoland, Germany
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17
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The role of open-air inhalatoria in the air quality improvement in spa towns. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2014; 27:560-70. [DOI: 10.2478/s13382-014-0274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
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18
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Gonzalez-Martin C, Teigell-Perez N, Valladares B, Griffin DW. The Global Dispersion of Pathogenic Microorganisms by Dust Storms and Its Relevance to Agriculture. ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY 2014; 127. [PMCID: PMC7150032 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800131-8.00001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Dust storms move an estimated 500–5000 Tg of soil through Earth’s atmosphere every year. Dust-storm transport of topsoils may have positive effects such as fertilization of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and the evolution of soils in proximal and distal environments. Negative effects may include the stripping of nutrient-rich topsoils from source regions, sandblasting of plant life in downwind environments, the fertilization of harmful algal blooms, and the transport of toxins (e.g., metals, pesticides, herbicides, etc.) and pathogenic microorganisms. With respect to the long-range dispersion of microorganisms and more specifically pathogens, research is just beginning to demonstrate the quantity and diversity of organisms that can survive this type of transport. Most studies to date have utilized different assays to identify microorganisms and microbial communities using predominately culture-based, and more recently nonculture-based, methodologies. There is a clear need for international-scale research efforts that apply standardized methods to advance this field of science. Here we present a review of dust-borne microorganisms with a focus on their relevance to agronomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gonzalez-Martin
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda, Astrofisico Francisco Sanchez, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
- Corresponding author: e-mail address:
| | - Nuria Teigell-Perez
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda, Astrofisico Francisco Sanchez, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Basilio Valladares
- University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health of the Canary Islands, University of La Laguna, Avda, Astrofisico Francisco Sanchez, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
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19
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Kawasaki T, Kyotani T, Ushiogi T, Lee H. Distribution of airborne bacteria in railway stations in Tokyo, Japan. J Occup Health 2013; 55:495-502. [PMID: 24025860 DOI: 10.1539/joh.13-0055-fs] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We performed the current study to (1) understand the distribution of culturable airborne bacteria over a one-year monitoring period, (2) confirm places in stations where airborne bacteria are highly detected, (3) understand the factors that affect concentrations of airborne bacteria and (4) compare the distributions of airborne bacteria and fungi in railway stations in Japan. METHODS Measurements of airborne bacteria were taken at stations A and B located in Tokyo. Station A had under- and above-ground concourses and platforms, whereas station B had spaces only above-ground. Airborne bacteria at each measurement position were collected with an air sampler on plate count agar media. After cultivation of the sampled media, the number of bacteria colonies was counted on each media. RESULTS (1) Airborne bacteria were highly detected in the above-ground concourse in station A. Almost all the indoor-to-outdoor (I/O) ratios of concentrations of airborne bacteria in the above-ground concourse in station A were higher than one throughout the year and were especially high in summer. (2) The factor that affects the concentrations of airborne bacteria seems to be the number of railway customers, not humidity. (3) The characteristics of the distributions of airborne bacteria and fungi were different, even though they were sampled in the same stations on the same days. CONCLUSIONS In the case of controlling indoor air quality of stations in the future, the locations in railway stations that would require control of indoor air quality differ between airborne bacteria or fungi, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamami Kawasaki
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Railway Technical Research Institute
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20
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Unravelling the bacterial diversity in the atmosphere. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:4727-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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21
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Abstract
This review outlines information about the Gram-negative, aerobic bacterium Variovorax paradoxus. The genomes of these species have G+C contents of 66.5-69.4 mol%, and the cells form yellow colonies. Some strains of V. paradoxus are facultative lithoautotrophic, others are chemoorganotrophic. Many of them are associated with important catabolic processes including the degradation of toxic and/or complex chemical compounds. The degradation pathways or other skills related to the following compounds, respectively, are described in this review: sulfolane, 3-sulfolene, 2-mercaptosuccinic acid, 3,3'-thiodipropionic acid, aromatic sulfonates, alkanesulfonates, amino acids and other sulfur sources, polychlorinated biphenyls, dimethyl terephthalate, linuron, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, homovanillate, veratraldehyde, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, anthracene, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), chitin, cellulose, humic acids, metal-EDTA complexes, yttrium, rare earth elements, As(III), trichloroethylene, capsaicin, 3-nitrotyrosine, acyl-homoserine lactones, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, methyl tert-butyl ether, geosmin, and 2-methylisoborneol. Strains of V. paradoxus are also engaged in mutually beneficial interactions with other plant and bacterial species in various ecosystems. This species comprises probably promising strains for bioremediation and other biotechnical applications. Lately, the complete genomes of strains S110 and EPS have been sequenced for further investigations.
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22
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Dueker ME, O'Mullan GD, Juhl AR, Weathers KC, Uriarte M. Local environmental pollution strongly influences culturable bacterial aerosols at an urban aquatic superfund site. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:10926-10933. [PMID: 22954203 DOI: 10.1021/es301870t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In polluted environments, when microbial aerosols originate locally, species composition of the aerosols should reflect the polluted source. To test the connection between local environmental pollution and microbial aerosols near an urban waterfront, we characterized bacterial aerosols at Newtown Creek (NTC), a public waterway and Superfund site in a densely populated area of New York, NY, USA. Culturable bacterial aerosol fallout rate and surface water bacterial concentrations were at least an order of magnitude greater at NTC than at a neighboring, less polluted waterfront and a nonurban coastal site in Maine. The NTC culturable bacterial aerosol community was significantly different in taxonomic structure from previous urban and coastal aerosol studies, particularly in relative abundances of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. Twenty-four percent of the operational taxonomic units in the NTC overall (air + water) bacterial isolate library were most similar to bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences previously described in terrestrial or aquatic environments contaminated with sewage, hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and other industrial waste. This study is the first to examine the community composition and local deposition of bacterial aerosols from an aquatic Superfund site. The findings have important implications for the use of aeration remediation in polluted aquatic environments and suggest a novel pathway of microbial exposure in densely populated urban communities containing contaminated soil and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elias Dueker
- Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, New York 10964, USA.
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