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Kisel KS, Shakirova JR, Pavlovskiy VV, Evarestov RA, Gurzhiy VV, Tunik SP. Unusual Effects of the Metal Center Coordination Mode on the Photophysical Behavior of the Rhenium(I) and Rhenium(I)-Iridium(III) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:18625-18640. [PMID: 37919252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Binuclear transition-metal complexes based on conjugated systems containing coordinating functions are potentially suitable for a wide range of applications, including light-emitting materials, sensors, light-harvesting systems, photocatalysts, etc., due to energy-transfer processes between chromophore centers. Herein we report on the synthesis, characterization, photophysical, and theoretical studies of relatively rare rhenium(I) and rhenium(I)-iridium(III) dyads prepared by using the nonsymmetrical polytopic ligands (NN2 and NN3) with the strongly conjugated phenanthroline and imidazole-quinoline/pyridine coordinating fragments. Availability of these different diimine chelating functions and targeted synthetic procedures allowed one to obtain a series of mononuclear (Re and Ir) and binuclear (Re-Re and Re-Ir) metal complexes with various modes of {Re(CO)3Cl} and {Ir(NC)2} metal fragment coordination. The obtained compounds were characterized by 1D 1H and 2D (COSY and NOESY) NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction crystallography. The photophysical study of the complexes (absorption, excitation and emission spectra, quantum yields, and excited-state lifetimes) showed that their emission parameters display strong dependence on the manner of metal center coordination to the diimine bidentate functions. The mononuclear complexes with an unoccupied imidazole-quinoline/pyridine fragment [Re(NN2), Re(NN3), and Ir(NC2)2(NN2)] or those containing a coordinated {Ir(NC)2} fragment in this position [Ir(NC2)2(NN1) and Re(NN2)Ir(NC1)2-Re(NN2)Ir(NC4)2] exhibit moderate-to-intense phosphorescence (quantum yields vary from 3% to 56% in a degassed solution), whereas the complexes containing a {Re(CO)3Cl} moiety in the imidazole-quinoline/pyridine position [Re2(NN2), Re2(NN3), and Ir(NC2)2(NN2)Re] demonstrate a strong reduction in the phosphorescence efficiency with a quantum yield of ≪0.1%. Quenching of the phosphorescence in the latter types of emitters is discussed in terms of a strong decrease in the radiative rate constants for these complexes compared to their analogues mentioned above, while the nonradiative constants remain nearly unchanged. Theoretical density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD DFT) calculations, including evaluation of the radiative rate constants for the couple of structurally analogous complexes with and without a {Re(CO)3Cl} moiety coordinated to the imidazole-quinoline/pyridine chelating function, confirmed the observed trend in the variation of the emission intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina S Kisel
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Julia R Shakirova
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Pavlovskiy
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Robert A Evarestov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladislav V Gurzhiy
- Institute of Earth Sciences, St. Petersburg State University, University Emb. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey P Tunik
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskii av., 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
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Kuramochi Y, Suzuki Y, Asai S, Suzuki T, Iwama H, Asano MS, Satake A. Significance of the connecting position between Zn(ii) porphyrin and Re(i) bipyridine tricarbonyl complex units in dyads for room-temperature phosphorescence and photocatalytic CO 2 reduction: unexpected enhancement by triethanolamine in catalytic activity. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8743-8765. [PMID: 37621430 PMCID: PMC10445468 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02430j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We synthesized three new dyads composed of a Zn porphyrin and fac-Re(bpy)(CO)3Br (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) units, ZnP-nBpy[double bond, length as m-dash]ReBr (n = 4, 5, and 6), in which the porphyrin is directly connected at the meso-position through the 4-, 5-, or 6-position of the bpy. We investigated the relationships between the connecting positions and the photophysical properties as well as catalytic activity in the CO2 reduction reaction. The dyad connected through the 6-position, ZnP-6Bpy[double bond, length as m-dash]ReBr, showed obvious phosphorescence with a lifetime of 280 μs at room temperature, in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), whereas the other two dyads showed almost no phosphorescence under the same conditions. The photocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions in DMA using 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole as the electron donor and the three dyads ZnP-nBpy[double bond, length as m-dash]ReBr selectively produced CO with similar initial rates, but the durabilities were low. The addition of triethanolamine (TEOA) suppressed the decomposition of dyads, improving their durabilities and reaction efficiencies. In particular, ZnP-5Bpy[double bond, length as m-dash]ReBr was remarkably improved-it gave the highest durability and reaction efficiency among the three dyads; the reaction quantum yield reached 24%. The reason for this significant activity is no accumulation of electrons on the Zn porphyrin in ZnP-5Bpy[double bond, length as m-dash]ReBr, which would be caused by dual interactions of TEOA with the Re and Zn ions in the dyad. As the highest catalytic activity was observed in ZnP-5Bpy[double bond, length as m-dash]ReBr among the three dyads, which had no room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP), the catalytic activities and RTP properties are considered independent, but they are greatly influenced by the connecting positions on the bpy ligand in ZnP-nBpy[double bond, length as m-dash]ReBr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kuramochi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8621 Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Division II, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8621 Japan
| | - Yuto Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8621 Japan
| | - Somyo Asai
- Division of Molecular Science, School of Science and Technology, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma 376-8515 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Suzuki
- Division of Molecular Science, School of Science and Technology, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma 376-8515 Japan
| | - Hiroki Iwama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science Division I, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8621 Japan
| | - Motoko S Asano
- Division of Molecular Science, School of Science and Technology, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma 376-8515 Japan
| | - Akiharu Satake
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8621 Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Division II, Tokyo University of Science 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-8621 Japan
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Monticelli S, Talbot A, Gotico P, Caillé F, Loreau O, Del Vecchio A, Malandain A, Sallustrau A, Leibl W, Aukauloo A, Taran F, Halime Z, Audisio D. Unlocking full and fast conversion in photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction for applications in radio-carbonylation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4451. [PMID: 37488106 PMCID: PMC10366225 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40136-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Harvesting sunlight to drive carbon dioxide (CO2) valorisation represents an ideal concept to support a sustainable and carbon-neutral economy. While the photochemical reduction of CO2 to carbon monoxide (CO) has emerged as a hot research topic, the full CO2-to-CO conversion remains an often-overlooked criterion that prevents a productive and direct valorisation of CO into high-value-added chemicals. Herein, we report a photocatalytic process that unlocks full and fast CO2-to-CO conversion (<10 min) and its straightforward valorisation into human health related field of radiochemistry with carbon isotopes. Guided by reaction-model-based kinetic simulations to rationalize reaction optimisations, this manifold opens new opportunities for the direct access to 11C- and 14C-labeled pharmaceuticals from their primary isotopic sources [11C]CO2 and [14C]CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Monticelli
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alex Talbot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philipp Gotico
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Fabien Caillé
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, CEA, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale Paris-Saclay (BioMaps), F-91401, Orsay, France
| | - Olivier Loreau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antonio Del Vecchio
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Augustin Malandain
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antoine Sallustrau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Winfried Leibl
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ally Aukauloo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, F-91400,, Orsay, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Zakaria Halime
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de chimie moléculaire et des matériaux d'Orsay, F-91400,, Orsay, France.
| | - Davide Audisio
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage, DMTS, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Santoro A, Cancelliere AM, Kamogawa K, Serroni S, Puntoriero F, Tamaki Y, Campagna S, Ishitani O. Photocatalyzed CO 2 reduction to CO by supramolecular photocatalysts made of Ru(II) photosensitizers and Re(I) catalytic subunits containing preformed CO 2TEOA adducts. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11320. [PMID: 37443197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new supramolecular photocatalysts containing Ru(II) polypyridine units as light-harvesting photosensitizers and Re(I) polypyridine subunits as catalytic centers have been prepared. The new species, RuRe2A and Ru2ReA, contain catalytic Re(I) subunits coordinated by the preformed CO2TEOA adduct (known to be the effective catalytic subunits; TEOA is triethanolamine) and exhibit quite efficient and selective photoreduction of CO2 to CO, with outstanding TONs of 2368 and 2695 and a selectivity of 99.9% and 98.9%, respectively. Such photocatalytic properties are significantly improved with respect to those of previously studied RuRe2 and Ru2Re parent compounds, containing chloride ligands instead of the CO2TEOA adduct. Comparison between photocatalytic performance of the new species and their parent compounds allows to investigate the effect of the CO2TEOA insertion process as well as the eventual effect of the presence of chloride ions in solution on the photocatalytic processes. The improved photocatalytic properties of RuRe2A and Ru2ReA compared with their parent species are attributed to a combined effect of different distribution of the one-electron reduced form of the supramolecular photocatalysts on the Ru-subunit(s) (leading to decreased CO formation due to a poisoning ligand loss process) and on the Re-subunit(s) and to the presence of chloride ions in solution for RuRe2 and Ru2Re, which could interfere with the CO2TEOA adduct formation, a needed requisite for CO forming catalysis. These results strongly indicate the utility of preparing supramolecular photocatalysts containing preformed adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Santoro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, and Interuniversitary Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (Solar Chem, Messina Node), V. F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Ambra M Cancelliere
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, and Interuniversitary Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (Solar Chem, Messina Node), V. F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Kei Kamogawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 O-okayama, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Scolastica Serroni
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, and Interuniversitary Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (Solar Chem, Messina Node), V. F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Fausto Puntoriero
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, and Interuniversitary Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (Solar Chem, Messina Node), V. F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Yusuke Tamaki
- Research Institute for Chemical Process Technology, Department of Materials and Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 4-2-1 Nigatake, Miyagino-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 983-8551, Japan
| | - Sebastiano Campagna
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, and Interuniversitary Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (Solar Chem, Messina Node), V. F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 O-okayama, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739 8526, Japan.
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5
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Zhai R, Zhang L, Gu M, Zhao X, Zhang B, Cheng Y, Zhang J. A Review of Phosphorus Structures as CO 2 Reduction Photocatalysts. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207840. [PMID: 36775943 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Effective photocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2 ) reduction into high-value-added chemicals is promising to mitigate current energy crisis and global warming issues. Finding effective photocatalysts is crucial for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Currently, metal-based semiconductors for photocatalytic CO2 reduction have been well reviewed, while review of nonmetal-based semiconductors is almost limited to carbon nitrides. Phosphorus is a promising nonmetal photocatalysts with various allotropes and tunable band gaps, which has been demonstrated to be promising non-metallic photocatalysts. However, no systematic review about phosphorus structures for photocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions has been reported. Herein, the progresses of phosphorus structures as photocatalysts for CO2 reduction are reviewed. The fundamentals of photocatalytic CO2 reduction, corresponding properties of phosphorus allotropes, photocatalysts with phosphorus doping or phosphorus-containing ligands, research progress of phosphorus allotropes as photocatalysts for CO2 reduction have been reviewed in this paper. The future research and perspective of phosphorus structures for photocatalytic CO2 reduction are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy (CNRE), School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy (CNRE), School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Mengyue Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy (CNRE), School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Xuewen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy (CNRE), School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy (CNRE), School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy (CNRE), School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jinying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Center of Nanomaterials for Renewable Energy (CNRE), School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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Stanley PM, Sixt F, Warnan J. Decoupled Solar Energy Storage and Dark Photocatalysis in a 3D Metal-Organic Framework. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207280. [PMID: 36217842 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Materials enabling solar energy conversion and long-term storage for readily available electrical and chemical energy are key for off-grid energy distribution. Herein, the specific confinement of a rhenium coordination complex in a metal-organic framework (MOF) unlocks a unique electron accumulating property under visible-light irradiation. About 15 C gMOF -1 of electric charges can be concentrated and stored for over four weeks without loss. Decoupled, on-demand discharge for electrochemical reactions and H2 evolution catalysis is shown and light-driven recharging can be conducted for >10 cycles with ≈90% of the initial charging capacity retained. Experimental investigations and theoretical calculations link electron trapping to MOF-induced geometry constraints as well as the coordination environment of the Re-center, highlighting the key role of MOF confinement on molecular guests. This study serves as the seminal report on 3D porous colloids achieving photoaccumulation of long-lived electrons, unlocking dark photocatalysis, and a path toward solar capacitor and solar battery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Stanley
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, and Catalysis, Research Center (CRC), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Florian Sixt
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, and Catalysis, Research Center (CRC), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Julien Warnan
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, and Catalysis, Research Center (CRC), TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
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Meng Y, Liu G, Zuo G, Meng X, Wang T, Ye J. A review on ZnS-based photocatalysts for CO 2 reduction in all-inorganic aqueous medium. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:14455-14465. [PMID: 36165072 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03703c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic CO2 reduction mimics natural photosynthesis, which is a potential technology for "carbon neutrality". This article will review the recent research progress of a class of distinguished photocatalytic CO2 reduction systems based on ZnS nanocrystal photocatalysts. We will focus on the pathway of maximizing the photoreduction rate of CO2 by continuously optimizing the catalyst design and the composition of the reaction medium. Such discussions will be meaningful and beneficial for developing universal strategies of solar fuel production. Finally, an outlook will be provided to brighten the prospects of ZnS-based photocatalytic CO2 reduction systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Meng
- Hebei Provincial Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, P. R. China.
| | - Guoping Liu
- Hebei Provincial Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, P. R. China.
| | - Guifu Zuo
- Hebei Provincial Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, P. R. China.
| | - Xianguang Meng
- Hebei Provincial Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, P. R. China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Centre for Hydrogenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China.
| | - Jinhua Ye
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan.
- TJU-NIMS International Collaboration Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Picconi D. Quantum dynamics of the photoinduced charge separation in a symmetric donor–acceptor–donor triad: The role of vibronic couplings, symmetry and temperature. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:184105. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0089887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The photoinduced charge separation in a symmetric donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D) triad is studied quantum mechanically using a realistic diabatic vibronic coupling model. The model includes a locally excited DA*D state and two charge-transfer states D+A−D and DA−D+ and is constructed according to a procedure generally applicable to semirigid D–A–D structures and based on energies, forces, and force constants obtained by quantum chemical calculations. In this case, the electronic structure is described by time-dependent density functional theory, and the corrected linear response is used in conjunction with the polarizable continuum model to account for state-specific solvent effects. The multimode dynamics following the photoexcitation to the locally excited state are simulated by the hybrid Gaussian-multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree method, and temperature effects are included using thermo field theory. The dynamics are connected to the transient absorption spectrum obtained in recent experiments, which is simulated and fully assigned from first principles. It is found that the charge separation is mediated by symmetry-breaking vibrations of relatively low frequency, which implies that temperature should be accounted for to obtain reliable estimates of the charge transfer rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Picconi
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany and Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Kuramochi Y, Sato R, Sakuma H, Satake A. Photocatalytic CO 2 reduction sensitized by a special-pair mimic porphyrin connected with a rhenium( i) tricarbonyl complex. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9861-9879. [PMID: 36128228 PMCID: PMC9430738 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03251a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Zn porphyrins with an imidazolyl group at the meso position generate a highly stable porphyrin dimer by complementary coordination from the imidazolyl to the Zn ion in noncoordinating solvents such as chloroform, which mimics the natural special pair in photosynthesis. In this work, we have synthesized an imidazolyl-substituted Zn porphyrin connected with a Re 2,2-bipyridine tricarbonyl complex as a CO2 reduction catalyst via a p-phenylene linker, affording a homodimer with two Re complexes on both sides (ReDRe). The dimeric structure is easily dissociated into the corresponding monomers in coordinating solvents. Therefore, we prepared a mixture containing a heterodimer with the Re carbonyl complex on one side (ReD) by simple mixing with an imidazolyl Zn porphyrin and evaporating the solvent. Using the Grubbs catalyst, the subsequent olefin metathesis reaction of the mixture gave covalently linked porphyrin dimers through the allyloxy side chains, enabling the isolation of the stable hetero- (ReD′) and homo-dimers (ReD′Re) with gel permeation chromatography. The Zn porphyrin dimers have intense absorption bands in the visible light region and acted as good photosensitizers in photocatalytic CO2 reduction in a mixture of N,N-dimethylacetamide and triethanolamine (5 : 1 v/v) containing 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole as the electron donor, giving CO with high selectivity and durability. Under irradiation with strong light intensity, the reaction rate in ReD′ exceeded that of the previous porphyrin
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Re complex dyad, ZnP-phen=Re. For instance, after irradiation at 560 nm for 18 h, the turnover number (TONCO) of ReD′ reached 2800, whereas the TONCO of ZnP-phen=Re was 170. The high activity in the system using the porphyrin dimer originates from no accumulation of the one-electron reduced species of the porphyrin that inhibit light absorption due to the inner-filter effect. An artificial special pair was connected with a Re 2,2-bipyridine tricarbonyl complex. The special pair derivative acted as a good photosensitizer in photocatalytic CO2 reduction, giving CO with high selectivity and durability.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kuramochi
- Graduate School of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8621, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Division II, Tokyo University of Science, Japan
| | - Ren Sato
- Graduate School of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8621, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakuma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Division II, Tokyo University of Science, Japan
| | - Akiharu Satake
- Graduate School of Science, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8621, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Division II, Tokyo University of Science, Japan
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10
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Nasrallah H, Lyu P, Maurin G, El-Roz M. Highly efficient CO2 reduction under visible-light on non-covalent Ru⋯Re assembled photocatalyst: Evidence on the electron transfer mechanism. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Pirzada BM, Dar AH, Shaikh MN, Qurashi A. Reticular-Chemistry-Inspired Supramolecule Design as a Tool to Achieve Efficient Photocatalysts for CO 2 Reduction. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:29291-29324. [PMID: 34778605 PMCID: PMC8581999 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic CO2 reduction into C1 products is one of the most trending research subjects of current times as sustainable energy generation is the utmost need of the hour. In this review, we have tried to comprehensively summarize the potential of supramolecule-based photocatalysts for CO2 reduction into C1 compounds. At the outset, we have thrown light on the inert nature of gaseous CO2 and the various challenges researchers are facing in its reduction. The evolution of photocatalysts used for CO2 reduction, from heterogeneous catalysis to supramolecule-based molecular catalysis, and subsequent semiconductor-supramolecule hybrid catalysis has been thoroughly discussed. Since CO2 is thermodynamically a very stable molecule, a huge reduction potential is required to undergo its one- or multielectron reduction. For this reason, various supramolecule photocatalysts were designed involving a photosensitizer unit and a catalyst unit connected by a linker. Later on, solid semiconductor support was also introduced in this supramolecule system to achieve enhanced durability, structural compactness, enhanced charge mobility, and extra overpotential for CO2 reduction. Reticular chemistry is seen to play a pivotal role as it allows bringing all of the positive features together from various components of this hybrid semiconductor-supramolecule photocatalyst system. Thus, here in this review, we have discussed the selection and role of various components, viz. the photosensitizer component, the catalyst component, the linker, the semiconductor support, the anchoring ligands, and the peripheral ligands for the design of highly performing CO2 reduction photocatalysts. The selection and role of various sacrificial electron donors have also been highlighted. This review is aimed to help researchers reach an understanding that may translate into the development of excellent CO2 reduction photocatalysts that are operational under visible light and possess superior activity, efficiency, and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Masood Pirzada
- Department
of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science
and Technology (KU), Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emiratus
- ,
| | - Arif Hassan Dar
- Institute
of NanoScience and Technology (INST), Mohali 160062, India
| | - M. Nasiruzzaman Shaikh
- Interdisciplinary
Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahsanulhaq Qurashi
- Department
of Chemistry, Khalifa University of Science
and Technology (KU), Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emiratus
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12
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Kuttassery F, Kumagai H, Kamata R, Ebato Y, Higashi M, Suzuki H, Abe R, Ishitani O. Supramolecular photocatalysts fixed on the inside of the polypyrrole layer in dye sensitized molecular photocathodes: application to photocatalytic CO 2 reduction coupled with water oxidation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13216-13232. [PMID: 34745553 PMCID: PMC8513877 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03756k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of systems for photocatalytic CO2 reduction with water as a reductant and solar light as an energy source is one of the most important milestones on the way to artificial photosynthesis. Although such reduction can be performed using dye-sensitized molecular photocathodes comprising metal complexes as redox photosensitizers and catalyst units fixed on a p-type semiconductor electrode, the performance of the corresponding photoelectrochemical cells remains low, e.g., their highest incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) equals 1.2%. Herein, we report a novel dye-sensitized molecular photocathode for photocatalytic CO2 reduction in water featuring a polypyrrole layer, [Ru(diimine)3]2+ as a redox photosensitizer unit, and Ru(diimine)(CO)2Cl2 as the catalyst unit and reveal that the incorporation of the polypyrrole network significantly improves reactivity and durability relative to those of previously reported dye-sensitized molecular photocathodes. The irradiation of the novel photocathode with visible light under low applied bias stably induces the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO and HCOOH with high faradaic efficiency and selectivity (even in aqueous solution), and the highest IPCE is determined as 4.7%. The novel photocathode is coupled with n-type semiconductor photoanodes (CoO x /BiVO4 and RhO x /TaON) to construct full cells that photocatalytically reduce CO2 using water as the reductant upon visible light irradiation as the only energy input at zero bias. The artificial Z-scheme photoelectrochemical cell with the dye-sensitized molecular photocathode achieves the highest energy conversion efficiency of 8.3 × 10-2% under the irradiation of both electrodes with visible light, while a solar to chemical conversion efficiency of 4.2 × 10-2% is achieved for a tandem-type cell using a solar light simulator (AM 1.5, 100 mW cm-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazalurahman Kuttassery
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Hiromu Kumagai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamata
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Yusuke Ebato
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Masanobu Higashi
- The OCU Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology, Osaka City University 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka City Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Hajime Suzuki
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Ryu Abe
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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13
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Stanley PM, Parkulab M, Rieger B, Warnan J, Fischer RA. Understanding entrapped molecular photosystem and metal-organic framework synergy for improved solar fuel production. Faraday Discuss 2021; 231:281-297. [PMID: 34240093 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00009h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Artificial photosystems assembled from molecular complexes, such as the photocatalyst fac-ReBr(CO)3(4,4'-dcbpy) (dcbpy = dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine) and the photosensitiser Ru(bpy)2(5,5'-dcbpy)Cl2 (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), are a wide-spread approach for solar fuel production. Recently metal-organic framework (MOF) entrapping of such complexes was demonstrated as a promising concept for catalyst stabilisation and reaction environment optimisation in colloidal-based CO2 reduction. Building on this strategy, here we examined the influence of MIL-101-NH2(Al) MOF particle size, the electron donor source, and the presence of an organic base on the photocatalytic CO2-to-CO reduction performance, and the differences to homogeneous systems. A linear relation between smaller scaffold particle size and higher photocatalytic activity, longer system lifetimes for benign electron donors, and increased turnover numbers (TONs) with certain additive organic bases, were determined. This enabled understanding of key molecular catalysis phenomena and synergies in the nanoreactor-like host-guest assembly, and yielded TONs of ∼4300 over 96 h of photocatalysis under optimised conditions, surpassing homogeneous TON values and lifetimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M Stanley
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching, 85787, Germany. and WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching, 85787, Germany
| | - Mykhaylo Parkulab
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching, 85787, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching, 85787, Germany
| | - Julien Warnan
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching, 85787, Germany.
| | - Roland A Fischer
- Chair of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching, 85787, Germany.
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14
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Giereth R, Obermeier M, Forschner L, Karnahl M, Schwalbe M, Tschierlei S. Exploring the Full Potential of Photocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction Using a Dinuclear Re
2
Cl
2
Complex Assisted by Various Photosensitizers. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Giereth
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I Ulm University Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
- Department of Energy Conversion Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Technische Universität Braunschweig Gaußstr. 17 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Martin Obermeier
- Institute of Chemistry Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Lukas Forschner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I Ulm University Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Michael Karnahl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Matthias Schwalbe
- Institute of Chemistry Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Stefanie Tschierlei
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I Ulm University Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
- Department of Energy Conversion Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Technische Universität Braunschweig Gaußstr. 17 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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15
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Yamazaki Y, Rohacova J, Koike K, Ishitani O. Synthesis and Light-Harvesting Functions of Ring-Shaped Re(I) Trinuclear Complexes Connected with an Emissive Ru(II) Complex. JACS AU 2021; 1:294-307. [PMID: 34467294 PMCID: PMC8395681 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.0c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ring-shaped Re(I) multinuclear complexes (Re(I) rings) in which Re(I)-diimine-biscarbonyl complexes are connected to each other through bisphosphine bridging ligands exhibit very suitable photophysical and electrochemical properties as redox photosensitizers. We developed two approaches for synthesizing Re(I) rings connected with a Ru(II) complex: cyclization of a linear Re(I) trinuclear complex connected with a Ru(II) complex and Mizoroki-Heck coupling of a ring-shaped Re(I) trinuclear complex and a Ru(II) complex. Photophysical measurements of these heteromultinuclear complexes and comparisons with their model complexes indicated that they exhibit efficient light-harvesting abilities, where energy transfer from the excited ring-shaped Re(I) trinuclear complex unit to the Ru(II) complex unit proceeds efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuomi Yamazaki
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute
of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- Department
of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, 3-3-1 Kichijoji-Kitamachi, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8633, Japan
| | - Jana Rohacova
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute
of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Koike
- National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute
of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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16
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Arikawa Y, Tabata I, Miura Y, Tajiri H, Seto Y, Horiuchi S, Sakuda E, Umakoshi K. Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction under Visible-Light Irradiation by Ruthenium CNC Pincer Complexes. Chemistry 2020; 26:5603-5606. [PMID: 32012368 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic CO2 reduction using a ruthenium photosensitizer, a sacrificial reagent 1,3-dimethyl-2-(o-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (BI(OH)H), and a ruthenium catalyst were carried out. The catalysts contain a pincer ligand, 2,6-bis(alkylimidazol-2-ylidene)pyridine (CNC) and a bipyridine (bpy). The photocatalytic reaction system resulted in HCOOH as a main product (selectivity 70-80 %), with a small amount of CO, and H2 . Comparative experiments (a coordinated ligand (NCMe vs. CO) and substituents (tBu vs. Me) of the CNC ligand in the catalyst) were performed. The turnover number (TONHCOOH ) of carbonyl-ligated catalysts are higher than those of acetonitrile-ligated catalysts, and the carbonyl catalyst with the smaller substituents (Me) reached TONHCOOH =5634 (24 h), which is the best performance among the experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Arikawa
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Itoe Tabata
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yukari Miura
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tajiri
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yudai Seto
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Horiuchi
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Eri Sakuda
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Keisuke Umakoshi
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo-machi 1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
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17
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Umemoto A, Yamazaki Y, Saito D, Tamaki Y, Ishitani O. Synthesis of a Novel Re(I)-Ru(II)-Re(I) Trinuclear Complex as an Effective Photocatalyst for CO2 Reduction. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akinari Umemoto
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, E1-9, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yasuomi Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, E1-9, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Daiki Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, E1-9, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tamaki
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, E1-9, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 O-okayama, E1-9, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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18
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Li G, Zhu D, Wang X, Su Z, Bryce MR. Dinuclear metal complexes: multifunctional properties and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:765-838. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00660a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Dinuclear metal complexes have enabled breakthroughs in OLEDs, photocatalytic water splitting and CO2reduction, DSPEC, chemosensors, biosensors, PDT and smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfu Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Dongxia Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Xinlong Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
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19
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Cancelliere AM, Puntoriero F, Serroni S, Campagna S, Tamaki Y, Saito D, Ishitani O. Efficient trinuclear Ru(ii)-Re(i) supramolecular photocatalysts for CO 2 reduction based on a new tris-chelating bridging ligand built around a central aromatic ring. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1556-1563. [PMID: 32206277 PMCID: PMC7069366 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04532e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We have designed and synthesized a new tris-chelating polypyridine ligand (bpy3Ph) suitable to be used as a bridging ligand (BL) for constructing various supramolecular photocatalysts.
We have designed and synthesized a new tris-chelating polypyridine ligand (bpy3Ph) suitable to be used as a bridging ligand (BL) for constructing various supramolecular photocatalysts. This BL is a phenylene ring with three ethylene chains at 1, 3, and 5 positions, of which the other terminals are connected to 2,2′-bipyridine moieties. The ligand bpy3Ph has been used to prepare, according to a multi-step synthetic protocol, trinuclear supramolecular photocatalysts containing different metal subunits. In particular, the compounds Ru2Re and RuRe2 have been prepared, containing different ratios of components based on Ru(dmb)32+-type and Re(dmb)(CO)3Cl-type units (dmb = 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine), which can play the roles of photosensitizers and catalyst units for photocatalytic CO2 reduction, respectively. The trinuclear model Ru3 and mononuclear and dinuclear Ru and Ru2 precursor metal complexes, containing free chelating sites, have also been synthesized using the same bridging ligand. The absorption spectra, redox behaviour and photophysical properties of the new species indicate that there is no strong electronic interaction among the Ru and Re units. The trinuclear complexes Ru2Re and RuRe2 could photocatalyze CO2 reduction to CO with high selectivity (up to 97%), high efficiency (ΦCOs of 28% and 25%, respectively: BIH as a reductant), and high durability (TONCOs of 5232 and 6038, respectively: BIH as a reductant) which are the largest TONs for CO2 reduction using supramolecular photocatalysts in homogeneous solutions. The absence of negligible accumulation of the mono-reduced form of the photosensitizer indicates fast electron transfer to the catalyst unit(s) through the relatively large bridging ligand and is proposed to contribute to the outstanding photocatalytic properties of the new species, including their durability. The relevant photocatalytic behaviour of the new systems indicates new avenues for the design of extended bridging ligands capable of efficiently and functionally integrating photosensitizers and catalysts towards the preparation of new, larger supramolecular photocatalysts for selective CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra M Cancelliere
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali , Università di Messina , Centro di Ricerca Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'energia Solare (SOLAR-CHEM, sezione di Messina) , Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31 , Messina , 98166 , Italy .
| | - Fausto Puntoriero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali , Università di Messina , Centro di Ricerca Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'energia Solare (SOLAR-CHEM, sezione di Messina) , Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31 , Messina , 98166 , Italy .
| | - Scolastica Serroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali , Università di Messina , Centro di Ricerca Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'energia Solare (SOLAR-CHEM, sezione di Messina) , Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31 , Messina , 98166 , Italy .
| | - Sebastiano Campagna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali , Università di Messina , Centro di Ricerca Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'energia Solare (SOLAR-CHEM, sezione di Messina) , Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31 , Messina , 98166 , Italy .
| | - Yusuke Tamaki
- Department of Chemistry , School of Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku , Tokyo , 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Daiki Saito
- Department of Chemistry , School of Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku , Tokyo , 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry , School of Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku , Tokyo , 152-8550 , Japan .
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20
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La Porte NT, Moravec DB, Schaller RD, Hopkins MD. Light-Driven Redox Activation of CO2- and H2-Activating Complexes in a Self-Assembled Triad. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:10980-10989. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b07830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan T. La Porte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Davis B. Moravec
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Richard D. Schaller
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Michael D. Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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21
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Cheung PL, Kapper SC, Zeng T, Thompson ME, Kubiak CP. Improving Photocatalysis for the Reduction of CO 2 through Non-covalent Supramolecular Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14961-14965. [PMID: 31490687 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the enhancement of photocatalytic performance by introduction of hydrogen-bonding interactions to a Re bipyridine catalyst and Ru photosensitizer system (ReDAC/RuDAC) by the addition of amide substituents, with carbon monoxide (CO) and carbonate/bicarbonate as products. This system demonstrates a more-than-3-fold increase in turnover number (TONCO = 100 ± 4) and quantum yield (ΦCO = 23.3 ± 0.8%) for CO formation compared to the control system using unsubstituted Ru photosensitizer (RuBPY) and ReDAC (TONCO = 28 ± 4 and ΦCO = 7 ± 1%) in acetonitrile (MeCN) with 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (BIH) as sacrificial reductant. In dimethylformamide (DMF), a solvent that disrupts hydrogen bonds, the ReDAC/RuDAC system showed a decrease in catalytic performance while the control system exhibited an increase, indicating the role of hydrogen bonding in enhancing the photocatalysis for CO2 reduction through supramolecular assembly. The similar properties of RuDAC and RuBPY demonstrated in lifetime measurements, spectroscopic analysis, and electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical studies revealed that the enhancement in photocatalysis is due not to differences in intrinsic properties of the catalyst or photosensitizer, but to hydrogen-bonding interactions between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po Ling Cheung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California-San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive , La Jolla , California 92093-0358 , United States
| | - Savannah C Kapper
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Tian Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California-San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive , La Jolla , California 92093-0358 , United States
| | - Mark E Thompson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90089 , United States
| | - Clifford P Kubiak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California-San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive , La Jolla , California 92093-0358 , United States
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22
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Yamazaki Y, Ohkubo K, Saito D, Yatsu T, Tamaki Y, Tanaka S, Koike K, Onda K, Ishitani O. Kinetics and Mechanism of Intramolecular Electron Transfer in Ru(II)-Re(I) Supramolecular CO 2-Reduction Photocatalysts: Effects of Bridging Ligands. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:11480-11492. [PMID: 31418554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The supramolecular photocatalysts in which a Ru(II) complex as a molecular redox photosensitizer unit and a Re(I) complex as a molecular catalyst unit are connected with a various alkyl or ether chain have attracted attention because they can efficiently photocatalyze CO2 reduction with high durability and high selectivity of CO formation, especially on various solid materials such as semiconductor electrodes and mesoporous organosilica. The intramolecular electron transfer from the one-electron reduced photosensitizer unit to the catalyst unit, which follows excitation of the photosensitizer unit and subsequent reductive quenching of the excited photosensitizer unit by a reductant, is one of the most important processes in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2. We succeeded in determining the rate constants of this intramolecular electron transfer process by using subnanosecond time-resolved IR spectroscopy. The logarithm of rate constants shows a linear relationship with the lengths of the bridging chain in the supramolecular photocatalysts with one bridging alkyl or ether chain. In conformity with the exponential decay of the wave function and the coupling element in the long-distance electron transfer, the apparent decay coefficient factor (β) in the supramolecular photocatalysts with one bridging chain was determined to be 0.74 Å-1. In the supramolecular photocatalyst with two ethylene chains connecting between the photosensitizer and catalyst units, on the other hand, the intramolecular electron transfer rate is much faster than that with only one ethylene chain. These results strongly indicate that the intramolecular electron transfer from the one-electron reduced species of the Ru photosensitizer unit to the Re catalyst unit proceeds by the through-bond mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuomi Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
| | - Daiki Saito
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
| | - Taiki Yatsu
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
| | - Yusuke Tamaki
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
| | - Sei'ichi Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
| | - Kazuhide Koike
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , 16-1 Onogawa , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8569 , Japan
| | - Ken Onda
- Department of Chemistry , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, Fukuoka , 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
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Li XX, Liu J, Zhang L, Dong LZ, Xin ZF, Li SL, Huang-Fu XQ, Huang K, Lan YQ. Hydrophobic Polyoxometalate-Based Metal-Organic Framework for Efficient CO 2 Photoconversion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:25790-25795. [PMID: 31240910 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b03861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel polyoxometalate (POM)-based metal-organic framework, TBA5[P2Mo16VMo8VIO71(OH)9Zn8(L)4] (NNU-29), was in situ synthesized and applied into CO2 photoreduction. The selection of porous material containing a reductive POM cluster is considered to be helpful for CO2 reduction; meanwhile, a hydrophobic-group-modified organic ligand enables NNU-29 to exhibit good chemical stability and restrains hydrogen generation to some extent. In the photocatalytic CO2 reduction, the yield of HCOO- reached 35.2 μmol in the aqueous solution with selectivity of 97.9% after 16 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Long-Zhang Dong
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Feng Xin
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
- Institute of Molecular Engineering and Applied Chemistry , Anhui University of Technology , Ma'anshan 243002 , P. R. China
| | - Shun-Li Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Xue-Qing Huang-Fu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Ya-Qian Lan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
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24
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From molecular metal complex to metal-organic framework: The CO2 reduction photocatalysts with clear and tunable structure. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Maeda K. Metal-Complex/Semiconductor Hybrid Photocatalysts and Photoelectrodes for CO 2 Reduction Driven by Visible Light. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1808205. [PMID: 31066136 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201808205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
CO2 reduction to carbon feedstocks using heterogeneous photocatalysts is an attractive means of addressing both climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels. Of particular importance is the development of a photosystem capable of functioning in response to visible light, which accounts for the majority of the solar spectrum, representing a kind of artificial photosynthesis. Hybrid systems comprising a metal complex and a semiconductor are promising because of the excellent electrochemical (and/or photocatalytic) activity of metal complexes during CO2 reduction and the ability of semiconductors to efficiently oxidize water to molecular O2 . Here, the development of hybrid photocatalysts and photoelectrodes for CO2 reduction in combination with water oxidation is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Maeda
- School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
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26
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Yamazaki Y, Onoda T, Ishikawa J, Furukawa S, Tanaka C, Utsugi T, Tsubomura T. Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction Using Various Heteroleptic Diimine-Diphosphine Cu(I) Complexes as Photosensitizers. Front Chem 2019; 7:288. [PMID: 31114784 PMCID: PMC6502988 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of efficient redox-photosensitizers based on the earth-abundant metal ions as an alternative toward noble- and/or rare-metal based photosensitizers is very desirable. In recent years, heteroleptic diimine-diphosphine Cu(I) complexes have been well investigated as one of the most remarkable candidates because of their great potentials as efficient photosensitizers. Here, we investigated the effects of the structure of the diphosphine ligands on the photosensitizing abilities using a series of Cu(I) complexes bearing 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dmpp) and various diphosphine ligands in order to explore the suitable structure for the photosensitizing reactions. The number of methylene chains between the two phosphorous atoms in the diphosphine ligands was systematically changed from two to four, and the relationship between the length of the carbon chains and the photosensitizing abilities were investigated by conducting photocatalytic CO2 reduction with the Cu(I) complexes as photosensitizers. Turnover frequencies of the CO2 reduction drastically increased with increasing the length of the carbon chains. The systematic study herein reported suggests that the large P-Cu-P angles should be one of the most important factors for enhancing the photosensitizing abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuomi Yamazaki
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Seikei University, Musashino-shi, Japan
| | - Takayuki Onoda
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Seikei University, Musashino-shi, Japan
| | - Jun Ishikawa
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Seikei University, Musashino-shi, Japan
| | - Shota Furukawa
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Seikei University, Musashino-shi, Japan
| | - Chinatsu Tanaka
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Seikei University, Musashino-shi, Japan
| | - Tomoya Utsugi
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Seikei University, Musashino-shi, Japan
| | - Taro Tsubomura
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Seikei University, Musashino-shi, Japan
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Martinez JF, La Porte NT, Wasielewski MR. Electron transfer from photoexcited naphthalene-1,4:5,8-bis(dicarboximide) radical anion to Mn(bpy)(CO)3X and Re(bpy)(CO)3X CO2 reduction catalysts linked via a saturated methylene bridge. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Kamata R, Kumagai H, Yamazaki Y, Sahara G, Ishitani O. Photoelectrochemical CO 2 Reduction Using a Ru(II)-Re(I) Supramolecular Photocatalyst Connected to a Vinyl Polymer on a NiO Electrode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:5632-5641. [PMID: 29920063 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b05495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A Ru(II)-Re(I) supramolecular photocatalyst and a Ru(II) redox photosensitizer were both deposited successfully on a NiO electrode by using methyl phosphonic acid anchoring groups and the electrochemical polymerization of the ligand vinyl groups of the complexes. This new molecular photocathode, poly-RuRe/NiO, adsorbed a larger amount of the metal complexes compared to one using only methyl phosphonic acid anchor groups, and the stability of the complexes on the NiO electrode were much improved. The poly-RuRe/NiO acted as a photocathode for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 at E = -0.7 V vs Ag/AgCl under visible-light irradiation in an aqueous solution. The poly-RuRe/NiO produced approximately 2.5 times more CO, and its total Faradaic efficiency of the reduction products improved from 57 to 85%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryutaro Kamata
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
| | - Hiromu Kumagai
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
| | - Yasuomi Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
| | - Go Sahara
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan
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29
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Onda K, Ohkubo K, Yamazaki Y, Koike K, Tanaka S, Ishitani O. Direct Measurement of Intramolecular Electron Transfer in a Series of Artificial Photosynthesis Processes. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201920509037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have directly determined the intramolecular electron transfer rate and revealed its mechanism in supramolecular complexes during CO2 photoreduction by time-resolved infrared spectroscopic measurements over a wide temporal range.
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30
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Reaction mechanisms of catalytic photochemical CO2 reduction using Re(I) and Ru(II) complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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31
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Gotico P, Del Vecchio A, Audisio D, Quaranta A, Halime Z, Leibl W, Aukauloo A. Visible-Light-Driven Reduction of CO2
to CO and Its Subsequent Valorization in Carbonylation Chemistry and 13
C Isotope Labeling. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Gotico
- Laboratoire des Mécanismes fondamentaux de la Bioénergétique Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC); Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric-Joliot CEA Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Antonio Del Vecchio
- Laboratoire de Marquage au Carbone 14; Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric-Joliot CEA Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Davide Audisio
- Laboratoire de Marquage au Carbone 14; Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric-Joliot CEA Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Annamaria Quaranta
- Laboratoire des Mécanismes fondamentaux de la Bioénergétique Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC); Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric-Joliot CEA Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Zakaria Halime
- Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO); Universite Paris Sud; 91405 Orsay France
| | - Winfried Leibl
- Laboratoire des Mécanismes fondamentaux de la Bioénergétique Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC); Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric-Joliot CEA Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Ally Aukauloo
- Laboratoire des Mécanismes fondamentaux de la Bioénergétique Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC); Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric-Joliot CEA Saclay; 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
- Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO); Universite Paris Sud; 91405 Orsay France
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Koike K, Grills DC, Tamaki Y, Fujita E, Okubo K, Yamazaki Y, Saigo M, Mukuta T, Onda K, Ishitani O. Investigation of excited state, reductive quenching, and intramolecular electron transfer of Ru(ii)-Re(i) supramolecular photocatalysts for CO 2 reduction using time-resolved IR measurements. Chem Sci 2018; 9:2961-2974. [PMID: 29719677 PMCID: PMC5897880 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05338j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular photocatalysts in which Ru(ii) photosensitizer and Re(i) catalyst units are connected to each other by an ethylene linker are among the best known, most effective and durable photocatalytic systems for CO2 reduction. In this paper we report, for the first time, time-resolved infrared (TRIR) spectra of three of these binuclear complexes to uncover why the catalysts function so efficiently. Selective excitation of the Ru unit with a 532 nm laser pulse induces slow intramolecular electron transfer from the 3MLCT excited state of the Ru unit to the Re unit, with rate constants of (1.0-1.1) × 104 s-1 as a major component and (3.5-4.3) × 106 s-1 as a minor component, in acetonitrile. The produced charge-separated state has a long lifetime, with charge recombination rate constants of only (6.5-8.4) × 104 s-1. Thus, although it has a large driving force (-ΔG0CR ∼ 2.6 eV), this process is in the Marcus inverted region. On the other hand, in the presence of 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (BNAH), reductive quenching of the excited Ru unit proceeds much faster (kq[BNAH (0.2 M)] = (3.5-3.8) × 106 s-1) than the abovementioned intramolecular oxidative quenching, producing the one-electron-reduced species (OERS) of the Ru unit. Nanosecond TRIR data clearly show that intramolecular electron transfer from the OERS of the Ru unit to the Re unit (kET > 2 × 107 s-1) is much faster than from the excited state of the Ru unit, and that it is also faster than the reductive quenching process of the excited Ru unit by BNAH. To measure the exact value of kET, picosecond TRIR spectroscopy and a stronger reductant were used. Thus, in the case of the binuclear complex with tri(p-fluorophenyl)phosphine ligands (RuRe(FPh)), for which intramolecular electron transfer is expected to be the fastest among the three binuclear complexes, in the presence of 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (BIH), kET was measured as kET = (1.4 ± 0.1) × 109 s-1. This clearly shows that intramolecular electron transfer in these RuRe binuclear supramolecular photocatalysts is not the rate-determining process in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2, which is one of the main reasons why they work so efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Koike
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , 16-1 Onogawa , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8569 , Japan .
| | - David C Grills
- Chemistry Division , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , NY 11973-5000 , USA .
| | - Yusuke Tamaki
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1, E1-9 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Etsuko Fujita
- Chemistry Division , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , NY 11973-5000 , USA .
| | - Kei Okubo
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1, E1-9 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Yasuomi Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1, E1-9 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Masaki Saigo
- Department of Chemistry , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan .
| | - Tatsuhiko Mukuta
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1, E1-9 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Ken Onda
- Department of Chemistry , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan .
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1, E1-9 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
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Elgrishi N, Chambers MB, Wang X, Fontecave M. Molecular polypyridine-based metal complexes as catalysts for the reduction of CO 2. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 46:761-796. [PMID: 28084485 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00391a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polypyridyl transition metal complexes represent one of the more thoroughly studied classes of molecular catalysts towards CO2 reduction to date. Initial reports in the 1980s began with an emphasis on 2nd and 3rd row late transition metals, but more recently the focus has shifted towards earlier metals and base metals. Polypyridyl platforms have proven quite versatile and amenable to studying various parameters that govern product distribution for CO2 reduction. However, open questions remain regarding the key mechanistic steps that govern product selectivity and efficiency. Polypyridyl complexes have also been immobilized through a variety of methods to afford active catalytic materials for CO2 reductions. While still an emerging field, materials incorporating molecular catalysts represent a promising strategy for electrochemical and photoelectrochemical devices capable of CO2 reduction. In general, this class of compounds remains the most promising for the continued development of molecular systems for CO2 reduction and an inspiration for the design of related non-polypyridyl catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Elgrishi
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, Collège de France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 8229, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Matthew B Chambers
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, Collège de France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 8229, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Xia Wang
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, Collège de France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 8229, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Marc Fontecave
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, Collège de France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 8229, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
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35
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Frayne L, Das N, Paul A, Amirjalayer S, Buma WJ, Woutersen S, Long C, Vos JG, Pryce MT. Photo- and Electrochemical Properties of a CO2
Reducing Ruthenium-Rhenium Quaterpyridine-Based Catalyst. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liam Frayne
- School of Chemical Sciences; Dublin City University; Glasnevin, Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Nivedita Das
- School of Chemical Sciences; Dublin City University; Glasnevin, Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Avishek Paul
- School of Chemical Sciences; Dublin City University; Glasnevin, Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Willhelm-Klemm-Strasse 10 48149 Münster Germany
- Center for Nanotechnology (CeNTech); Heisenbergstrasse 11 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Wybren J. Buma
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Sander Woutersen
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Conor Long
- School of Chemical Sciences; Dublin City University; Glasnevin, Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Johannes G. Vos
- School of Chemical Sciences; Dublin City University; Glasnevin, Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Mary T. Pryce
- School of Chemical Sciences; Dublin City University; Glasnevin, Dublin 9 Ireland
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36
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Yamazaki Y, Ishitani O. Synthesis of Os(ii)-Re(i)-Ru(ii) hetero-trinuclear complexes and their photophysical properties and photocatalytic abilities. Chem Sci 2017; 9:1031-1041. [PMID: 29675150 PMCID: PMC5885982 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04162d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel Os(ii)–Re(i)–Ru(ii) hetero-trinuclear complexes, which can absorb a wide range of visible light and induce durable CO2 reduction, were synthesised.
Photofunctional trinuclear complexes containing three different central metals, i.e. Os(ii), Re(i) and Ru(ii), were synthesised for the first time using stepwise Mizoroki–Heck reactions. The vinylene groups in the bridging ligands of the Os(ii)–Re(i)–Ru(ii) trinuclear complexes were selectively reduced by photochemical hydrogenation in moderate yield, affording novel supramolecular photocatalysts which can absorb a wide range of visible light up to 730 nm and induce CO2 reduction with high selectivity and durability. The turnover numbers of CO formation were over 4300. Details of the photophysical properties of these new trinuclear complexes, especially their intramolecular excitation-energy transfer phenomena, are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuomi Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-NE-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku , Tokyo , 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1-NE-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku , Tokyo , 152-8550 , Japan .
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37
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Mengele AK, Seibold GM, Eikmanns BJ, Rau S. Coupling Molecular Photocatalysis to Enzymatic Conversion. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K. Mengele
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Materials and Catalysis; Ulm University; Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Gerd M. Seibold
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Ulm University; Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Bernhard J. Eikmanns
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology; Ulm University; Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Materials and Catalysis; Ulm University; Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
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38
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Kamatsuka T, Shinokubo H, Miyake Y. Design and Synthesis of Tunable Ligands with 4,4′-Bipyridyl as an Electron-Accepting Unit and Their Rhenium Complexes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Kamatsuka
- Department of Molecular and
Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and
Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Molecular and
Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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39
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Lang P, Matlachowski C, Schwalbe M. The Importance of Temperature Control for the Synthesis of Fluorinated Phenanthroline-Extended Porphyrins and the Evaluation of Their Photocatalytic CO2
Reduction Ability. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Lang
- Department of Chemistry; Humboldt Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2
| | | | - Matthias Schwalbe
- Department of Chemistry; Humboldt Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2
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40
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Kumagai H, Sahara G, Maeda K, Higashi M, Abe R, Ishitani O. Hybrid photocathode consisting of a CuGaO 2 p-type semiconductor and a Ru(ii)-Re(i) supramolecular photocatalyst: non-biased visible-light-driven CO 2 reduction with water oxidation. Chem Sci 2017; 8:4242-4249. [PMID: 29081960 PMCID: PMC5635723 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00940b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A CuGaO2 p-type semiconductor electrode was successfully employed for constructing a new hybrid photocathode with a Ru(ii)-Re(i) supramolecular photocatalyst (RuRe/CuGaO2). The RuRe/CuGaO2 photocathode displayed photoelectrochemical activity for the conversion of CO2 to CO in an aqueous electrolyte solution with a positive onset potential of +0.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl, which is 0.4 V more positive in comparison to a previously reported hybrid photocathode that used a NiO electrode instead of CuGaO2. A photoelectrochemical cell comprising this RuRe/CuGaO2 photocathode and a CoO x /TaON photoanode enabled the visible-light-driven catalytic reduction of CO2 using water as a reductant to give CO and O2 without applying any external bias. This is the first self-driven photoelectrochemical cell constructed with the molecular photocatalyst to achieve the reduction of CO2 by only using visible light as the energy source and water as a reductant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromu Kumagai
- Department of Chemistry , School of Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1, Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Go Sahara
- Department of Chemistry , School of Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1, Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Kazuhiko Maeda
- Department of Chemistry , School of Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1, Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Masanobu Higashi
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry , Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Katsura, Nishikyo-ku , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Ryu Abe
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry , Graduate School of Engineering , Kyoto University , Katsura, Nishikyo-ku , Kyoto 615-8510 , Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry , School of Science , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1-NE-1, Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
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41
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Product Selectivity in Homogeneous Artificial Photosynthesis Using [(bpy)Rh(Cp*)X]n+-Based Catalysts. INORGANICS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics5020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the limited amount of fossil energy carriers, the storage of solar energy in chemical bonds using artificial photosynthesis has been under intensive investigation within the last decades. As the understanding of the underlying working principle of these complex systems continuously grows, more focus will be placed on a catalyst design for highly selective product formation. Recent reports have shown that multifunctional photocatalysts can operate with high chemoselectivity, forming different catalysis products under appropriate reaction conditions. Within this context [(bpy)Rh(Cp*)X]n+-based catalysts are highly relevant examples for a detailed understanding of product selectivity in artificial photosynthesis since the identification of a number of possible reaction intermediates has already been achieved.
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42
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Cao J, Zhou Y. Excited state relaxation processes of H 2-evolving Ru-Pd supramolecular photocatalysts containing a linear or non-linear bridge: a DFT and TDDFT study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:11529-11539. [PMID: 28425524 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07857e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the early-time excited state relaxation processes of bimetallic Ru-Pd supramolecular photocatalysts containing a linear 2,2':5',2''-terpyridine or a nonlinear 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine bridging ligand (BL) were investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) approaches. The bridge based metal-to-ligand charge transfer triplet (3MLCT) state of the metal complex containing a linear bridging ligand was calculated to be the lowest energy triplet (T1) state which is closely related to the photocatalytic H2 production, while for that having a nonlinear bridging ligand, the T1 state is a Ru metal-centered (MC) triplet (3MCRu) state that is short-lived and rapidly decays to the ground electronic state (S0). Our simulation provides an alternative explanation for the smaller interligand electron transfer (ILET) rate in the Ru-Pd complex containing a linear bridge compared to the corresponding monometal Ru complex. Based on the calculation, we also suggest that the successive 3MLCT → 3MCRu → S0 conversion is responsible for the inefficiency of the Ru-Pd complex containing nonlinear bridge as a photocatalyst for H2 production. This study provides theoretical insights into the key steps of the photoinduced processes of the bimetallic H2-evolving supramolecular photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-material Science, Guizhou Synergetic Innovation Center of Scientific Big Data for Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550018, China
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Tamaki
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
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44
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Yamazaki Y, Ishitani O. Selectivity control between Mizoroki-Heck and homo-coupling reactions for synthesising multinuclear metal complexes: unique addition effects of tertiary phosphines and O 2. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:4816-4823. [PMID: 28345707 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00922d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The addition of a tertiary phosphine and O2 to reaction solutions strongly affected the reactivity and selectivity of coupling reactions between transition metal complexes. The Mizoroki-Heck reaction between metal complexes with bromo and those with vinyl groups in the diimine ligand did not proceed using Pd(OAc)2 in the presence of 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-dimethoxybiphenyl (Sphos) under Ar but proceeded selectively after injection of air into the reaction vessel. In the absence of the phosphine ligand, on the other hand, not only the Mizoroki-Heck reaction but also a homo-coupling reaction between the metal complexes with the bromo groups proceeded at the same time. Mechanistic investigation showed that nanoparticles of Pd species were produced in the absence of the phosphine ligand and worked as catalysts for both the Mizoroki-Heck and homo-coupling reactions. On the other hand, larger Pd particles, which were produced in the presence of Sphos but after addition of air for oxidising Sphos, selectively catalysed the Mizoroki-Heck reaction. 'Molecular' Pd species that were stabilised in the presence of non-oxidised Sphos could not catalyse both coupling reactions under the reaction conditions. Based on these results, reaction conditions were established for the selective progress of the Mizoroki-Heck and the homo-coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuomi Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.
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45
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46
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La Porte NT, Martinez JF, Hedström S, Rudshteyn B, Phelan BT, Mauck CM, Young RM, Batista VS, Wasielewski MR. Photoinduced electron transfer from rylenediimide radical anions and dianions to Re(bpy)(CO) 3 using red and near-infrared light. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3821-3831. [PMID: 28580115 PMCID: PMC5436599 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc05103k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A major goal of artificial photosynthesis research is photosensitizing highly reducing metal centers using as much as possible of the solar spectrum reaching Earth's surface. The radical anions and dianions of rylenediimide (RDI) dyes, which absorb at wavelengths as long as 950 nm, are powerful photoreductants with excited state oxidation potentials that rival or exceed those of organometallic chromophores. These dyes have been previously incorporated into all-organic donor-acceptor systems, but have not yet been shown to reduce organometallic centers. This study describes a set of dyads in which perylenediimide (PDI) or naphthalenediimide (NDI) chromophores are attached to Re(bpy)(CO)3 through either the bipyridine ligand or more directly to the Re center via a pyridine ligand. The chromophores are reduced with a mild reducing agent, after which excitation with long-wavelength red or near-infrared light leads to reduction of the Re complex. The kinetics of electron transfer from the photoexcited anions to the Re complex are monitored using transient visible/near-IR and mid-IR spectroscopy, complemented by theoretical spectroscopic assignments. The photo-driven charge shift from the reduced PDI or NDI to the complex occurs in picoseconds regardless of whether PDI or NDI is attached to the bipyridine or to the Re center, but back electron transfer is found to be three orders of magnitude slower with the chromophore attached to the Re center. These results will inform the design of future catalytic systems that incorporate RDI anions as chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan T La Porte
- Department of Chemistry , Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208-3113 , USA .
| | - Jose F Martinez
- Department of Chemistry , Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208-3113 , USA .
| | - Svante Hedström
- Department of Chemistry , Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USA
| | - Benjamin Rudshteyn
- Department of Chemistry , Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USA
| | - Brian T Phelan
- Department of Chemistry , Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208-3113 , USA .
| | - Catherine M Mauck
- Department of Chemistry , Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208-3113 , USA .
| | - Ryan M Young
- Department of Chemistry , Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208-3113 , USA .
| | - Victor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry , Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , USA
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry , Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208-3113 , USA .
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47
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Cook RE, Phelan BT, Kamire RJ, Majewski MB, Young RM, Wasielewski MR. Excimer Formation and Symmetry-Breaking Charge Transfer in Cofacial Perylene Dimers. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:1607-1615. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita E. Cook
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne−Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Brian T. Phelan
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne−Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Rebecca J. Kamire
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne−Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Marek B. Majewski
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne−Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Ryan M. Young
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne−Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and
Argonne−Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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48
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Kuriki R, Maeda K. Development of hybrid photocatalysts constructed with a metal complex and graphitic carbon nitride for visible-light-driven CO2 reduction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:4938-4950. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07973c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The research progress of metal-complex/C3N4 hybrid photocatalysts for CO2 reduction made by our group is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kuriki
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8550
- Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Maeda
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8550
- Japan
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49
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Zhou SS, Liu SQ. Photocatalytic reduction of CO2based on a CeO2photocatalyst loaded with imidazole fabricated N-doped graphene and Cu(ii) as cocatalysts. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:1563-1569. [DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00211d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cocatalysts are vital for improving photocatalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry
- Biology and Material Engineering
- Suzhou University of Science and Technology
- Suzhou 215009
| | - Shou-Qing Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials
- School of Chemistry
- Biology and Material Engineering
- Suzhou University of Science and Technology
- Suzhou 215009
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50
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Won DI, Lee JS, Cheong HY, Cho M, Jung WJ, Son HJ, Pac C, Kang SO. Organic–inorganic hybrid photocatalyst for carbon dioxide reduction. Faraday Discuss 2017; 198:337-351. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00222f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Efficient hybrid photocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction were developed from dye-sensitized TiO2 nanoparticles and their catalytic performance was optimized by ternary organic/inorganic components. Thus, the hybrid system consists of (E)-2-cyano-3-(5′-(5′′-(p-(diphenylamino)phenyl)thiophen-2′′-yl)thiophen-2′-yl)-acrylic acid as a sensitizer and fac-[Re(4,4′-bis(diethoxyphosphorylmethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine)(CO)3Cl] as a reduction catalyst (ReP), both of which have been fixed onto TiO2 semiconductors (s-TiO2, h-TiO2, d-TiO2). Mott–Schottky analysis on flat-band potential (Efb) of TiO2 mesoporous films has verified that Efb can be finely modulated by volume variation of water (0 to 20 vol%). The increase of added water resulted in substantial positive shifts of Efb from −1.93 V at 0 vol% H2O, to −1.74 V (3 vol% H2O), to −1.56 V (10 vol% H2O), and to −1.47 V (20 vol% H2O). As a result, with addition of 3–10 vol% water in the photocatalytic reaction, conversion efficiency of CO2 to CO increased significantly reaching a TON value of ∼350 for 30 h. Catalytic activity enhancement is mainly attributed to (1) the optimum alignment of Efb by 3–10 vol% water with respect to the of the dye and Ered of ReP for smooth electron transfer from photo-excited dye to RePvia the TiO2 semiconductor and (2) the water-induced acceleration of chemical processes on the fixed ReP. In addition, the energy level was further tuned by variation of the dye and ReP amounts. We also found that the intrinsic properties of TiO2 sources (morphology, size, agglomeration) exert a great influence on the overall photocatalytic activity of this hybrid system. Implications of the present observations and reaction mechanisms are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Il Won
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry
- Korea University
- Sejong 30019
- Korea
| | - Jong-Su Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry
- Korea University
- Sejong 30019
- Korea
| | - Ha-Yeon Cheong
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry
- Korea University
- Sejong 30019
- Korea
| | - Minji Cho
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry
- Korea University
- Sejong 30019
- Korea
| | - Won-Jo Jung
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry
- Korea University
- Sejong 30019
- Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Son
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry
- Korea University
- Sejong 30019
- Korea
| | - Chyongjin Pac
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry
- Korea University
- Sejong 30019
- Korea
| | - Sang Ook Kang
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry
- Korea University
- Sejong 30019
- Korea
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