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Bigdeli A, Ghasemi F, Abbasi-Moayed S, Shahrajabian M, Fahimi-Kashani N, Jafarinejad S, Farahmand Nejad MA, Hormozi-Nezhad MR. Ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobes for visual detection: Design principles and recent advances - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1079:30-58. [PMID: 31387719 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Signal generation techniques for visual detection of analytes have received a great deal of attention in various sensing fields. These approaches are considered to be advantageous when instrumentation cannot be employed, such as for on-site assays, point-of-care tests, and he althcare diagnostics in resource-constrained areas. Amongst various visual detection approaches explored for non-invasive quantitative measurements, ratiometric fluorescence sensing has received particular attention as a potential method to overcome the limitations of intensity-based probes. This technique relies on changes in the intensity of two or more emission bands (induced by an analyte), resulting in an effective internal referencing which improves the sensitivity of the detection. The self-calibration, together with the unique optophysical properties of nanoparticles (NPs) have made the ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobes more sensitive and reliable, which in turn, can result in more precise visual detection of the analytes. Over the past few years, a vast number of ratiometric sensing probes using nanostructured fluorophores have been designed and reported for a wide variety of sensing, imaging, and biomedical applications. In this work, a review on the NP-based ratiometric fluorescent sensors has been presented to meticulously elucidate their development, advances and challenges. With a special emphasis on visual detection, the most important steps in the design of fluorescent ratiometric nanoprobes have been given and based on different classes of analytes, recent applications of fluorescent ratiometric nanoprobes have been summarized. The challenges for the future use of the technique investigated in this review have been also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafeh Bigdeli
- Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11155-9516, Iran; Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11155-9516, Iran
| | - Forough Ghasemi
- Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11155-9516, Iran; Department of Nanotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, 3135933151, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Shahrajabian
- Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11155-9516, Iran
| | | | - Somayeh Jafarinejad
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985717443, Iran
| | | | - M Reza Hormozi-Nezhad
- Chemistry Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11155-9516, Iran; Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11155-9516, Iran.
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2
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Serrano IC, Stoica G, Palomares E. Increasing cell viability using Cd-free – InP/ZnS@silica@layered double hydroxide – materials for biological labeling. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02497a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we describe the synthesis and characterization of InP/ZnS@silica@LDH nanoparticles and, moreover, their use as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Castelló Serrano
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM)
- Naples
| | - Georgiana Stoica
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Emilio Palomares
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA)
- E-08010 Barcelona
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3
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Zhou J, Yang Y, Zhang CY. Toward Biocompatible Semiconductor Quantum Dots: From Biosynthesis and Bioconjugation to Biomedical Application. Chem Rev 2015; 115:11669-717. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 472] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- Single-Molecule
Detection and Imaging Laboratory, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Single-Molecule
Detection and Imaging Laboratory, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chun-yang Zhang
- College
of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in
Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes,
Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean
Production of Fine Chemicals, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
- Single-Molecule
Detection and Imaging Laboratory, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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4
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Surface functionalization of quantum dots for biological applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 215:28-45. [PMID: 25467038 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots are a group of inorganic nanomaterials exhibiting exceptional optical and electronic properties which impart distinct advantages over traditional fluorescent organic dyes in terms of tunable broad excitation and narrow emission spectra, signal brightness, high quantum yield and photo-stability. Aqueous solubility and surface functionalization are the most common problems for QDs employed in biological research. This review addresses the recent research progress made to improve aqueous solubility, functionalization of biomolecules to QD surface and the poorly understood chemistry involved in the steps of bio-functionalization of such nanoparticles.
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Jung HS, Kim YJ, Cho J, Yoon TJ, Lee JK. Silica-coated gradient alloy quantum dots with high luminescence for converter materials in white light-emitting diodes. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24203g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DMA catalyst played a major role in maintaining the luminescence of the QDs. After silica coating, QD@SiO2 exhibited high stability and retained their initial photoluminescence (PL) intensity in a flexible polymer nanocomposite film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak-Sung Jung
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-747
- Korea
| | - Young-Jae Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-747
- Korea
| | - Junsang Cho
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-747
- Korea
| | - Tae-Jong Yoon
- College of Pharmacy
- Ajou University
- Suwon-si
- South Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-747
- Korea
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6
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Visual and fluorescent detection of acetamiprid based on the inner filter effect of gold nanoparticles on ratiometric fluorescence quantum dots. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 852:189-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Elward JM, Irudayanathan FJ, Nangia S, Chakraborty A. Optical Signature of Formation of Protein Corona in the Firefly Luciferase-CdSe Quantum Dot Complex. J Chem Theory Comput 2014; 10:5224-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ct500681m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Elward
- Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen
Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Maryland 21005, United States
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Serrano IC, Stoica G, Adams AM, Palomares E. Dual core quantum dots for highly quantitative ratiometric detection of trypsin activity in cystic fibrosis patients. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:13623-13629. [PMID: 25274267 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr03952a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present herein two colour encoded silica nanospheres (2nanoSi) for the fluorescence quantitative ratiometric determination of trypsin in humans. Current detection methods for cystic fibrosis diagnosis are slow, costly and suffer from false positives. The 2nanoSi proved to be a highly sensitive, fast (minutes), and single-step approach nanosensor for the screening and diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, allowing the quantification of trypsin concentrations in a wide range relevant for clinical applications (25-350 μg L(-1)). Furthermore, as trypsin is directly related to the development of cystic fibrosis (CF), different human genotypes, i.e. CF homozygotic, CF heterozygotic, and unaffected, respectively, can be determined using our 2nanoSi nanospheres. We anticipate the 2nanoSi system to be a starting point for non-invasive, easy-to-use and cost effective ratiometric fluorescent biomarkers for recessive genetic diseases like human cystic fibrosis. In a screening program in which the goal is to detect disease and also the carrier status, early diagnosis could be of great help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Castelló Serrano
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avinguda del Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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Li Y, Ma Q, Liu Z, Wang X, Su X. A novel enzyme-mimic nanosensor based on quantum dot-Au nanoparticle@silica mesoporous microsphere for the detection of glucose. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 840:68-74. [PMID: 25086895 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
QD-Au NP@silica mesoporous microspheres have been fabricated as a novel enzyme-mimic nanosensor. CdTe quantum dots (QDs) were loaded into the core, and Au nanoparticles (NPs) were encapsulated in the outer mesoporous shell. QDs and Au NPs were separated in the different space of the nanosensor, which prevent the potential energy or electron transfer process between QDs and Au NPs. As biomimetic catalyst, Au NPs in the mesoporous silica shell can catalytically oxidize glucose as glucose oxidase (GOx)-mimicking. The resultant hydrogen peroxide can quench the photoluminescence (PL) signal of QDs in the microsphere core. Therefore the nanosensor based on the decrease of the PL intensity of QDs was established for the glucose detection. The linear range for glucose was in the range of 5-200 μM with a detection limit (3σ) of 1.32 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Ziping Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Xingguang Su
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China.
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Wang J, Shah ZH, Zhang S, Lu R. Silica-based nanocomposites via reverse microemulsions: classifications, preparations, and applications. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:4418-37. [PMID: 24562100 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr06025j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Silica-based nanocomposites with amorphous silica as the matrix or carrier along with a functional component have been extensively investigated. These nanocomposites combine the advantages of both silica and the functional components, demonstrating great potential for various applications. To synthesize such composites, one of the most frequently used methods is reverse microemulsion due to its convenient control over the size, shape, and structures. The structures of the composites have a decisive significance for their properties and applications. In this review, we tried to categorize the silica-based nanocomposites via reverse microemulsions based on their structures, discussed the syntheses individually for each structure, summarized their applications, and made some perspectives based on the current progress of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
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Lemon CM, Curtin PN, Somers RC, Greytak AB, Lanning RM, Jain RK, Bawendi MG, Nocera DG. Metabolic tumor profiling with pH, oxygen, and glucose chemosensors on a quantum dot scaffold. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:1900-15. [PMID: 24143874 PMCID: PMC3944830 DOI: 10.1021/ic401587r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acidity, hypoxia, and glucose levels characterize the tumor microenvironment rendering pH, pO2, and pGlucose, respectively, important indicators of tumor health. To this end, understanding how these parameters change can be a powerful tool for the development of novel and effective therapeutics. We have designed optical chemosensors that feature a quantum dot and an analyte-responsive dye. These noninvasive chemosensors permit pH, oxygen, and glucose to be monitored dynamically within the tumor microenvironment by using multiphoton imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Lemon
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Peter N. Curtin
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Rebecca C. Somers
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Andrew B. Greytak
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Ryan M. Lanning
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 100 Blossom Street, Cox-7, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Rakesh K. Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 100 Blossom Street, Cox-7, Boston, MA 02114
| | - Moungi G. Bawendi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Daniel G. Nocera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138
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12
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Ma Q, Li Y, Lin ZH, Tang G, Su XG. A novel ascorbic acid sensor based on the Fe3+/Fe2+ modulated photoluminescence of CdTe quantum dots@SiO2 nanobeads. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:9726-9731. [PMID: 24056856 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr03060a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, CdTe quantum dot (QD)@silica nanobeads were used as modulated photoluminescence (PL) sensors for the sensing of ascorbic acid in aqueous solution for the first time. The sensor was developed based on the different quenching effects of Fe(2+) and Fe(3+) on the PL intensity of the CdTe QD@ silica nanobeads. Firstly, the PL intensity of the CdTe QDs was quenched in the presence of Fe(3+). Although both Fe(2+) and Fe(3+) could quench the PL intensity of the CdTe QDs, the quenching efficiency were quite different for Fe(2+) and Fe(3+). The PL intensity of the CdTe QD@silica nanobeads can be quenched by about 15% after the addition of Fe(3+) (60 μmol L(-1)), while the PL intensity of the CdTe QD@silica nanobeads can be quenched about 49% after the addition of Fe(2+) (60 μmol L(-1)). Therefore, the PL intensity of the CdTe QD@silica nanobeads decreased significantly when Fe(3+) was reduced to Fe(2+) by ascorbic acid. To confirm the strategy of PL modulation in this sensing system, trace H2O2 was introduced to oxidize Fe(2+) to Fe(3+). As a result, the PL intensity of the CdTe QD@silica nanobeads was partly recovered. The proposed sensor could be used for ascorbic acid sensing in the concentration range of 3.33-400 μmol L(-1), with a detection limit (3σ) of 1.25 μmol L(-1) The feasibility of the proposed sensor for ascorbic acid determination in tablet samples was also studied, and satisfactory results were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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Sun TY, Zhang DQ, Yu XF, Xiang Y, Luo M, Wang JH, Tan GL, Wang QQ, Chu PK. Dual-emitting nanocomposites derived from rare-earth compound nanotubes for ratiometric fluorescence sensing applications. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:1629-1637. [PMID: 23334204 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr33217e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A new class of ratiometric fluorescence sensors composed of rare-earth (RE) compound nanotubes is described. Polyethylenimine-coated yttrium hydroxide fluoride nanotubes (YHF NTs) that were synthesized hydrothermally exhibit highly efficient fluorescence when doped with RE ions. The polyethylenimine on the NTs facilitates the incorporation of phosphors such as quantum dots or organic dyes onto the NT surface to produce dual-emitting nanocomposites which are excellent ratiometric fluorescence sensors. The phosphor layer and underlying tubes in the nanocomposites act as the indicator and reference probes, respectively. This ratiometric fluorescence method which can be applied to the detection of heavy metals in solutions, temperature sensing, and pH sensing boasts high sensitivity and selectivity as well as better accuracy than traditional intensity-based fluorescence methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Ying Sun
- Department of Physics, Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P R China
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Serrano IC, Vazquez-Vazquez C, Adams AM, Stoica G, Correa-Duarte MA, Palomares E, Alvarez-Puebla RA. The effect of the silica thickness on the enhanced emission in single particle quantum dots coated with gold nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41685b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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15
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Wang S, Zhao W, Song J, Cheng S, Fan LJ. A Platform for Preparation of Monodispersed Fluorescent Conjugated Polymer Microspheres with Core-Shell Structures. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 34:102-8. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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16
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Stoica G, Castelló Serrano I, Figuerola A, Ugarte I, Pacios R, Palomares E. Layered double hydroxides as carriers for quantum dots@silica nanospheres. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:5409-5419. [PMID: 22825338 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr31550e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dot-hydrotalcite layered nanoplatforms were successfully prepared following a one-pot synthesis. The process is very fast and a priori delamination of hydrotalcite is not a prerequisite for the intercalation of quantum dots. The novel materials were extensively characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, true color fluorescence microscopy, photoluminescence, and nitrogen adsorption. The quantum dot-hydrotalcite nanomaterials display extremely high stability in mimicking physiological media such as saline serum (pH 5.5) and PBS (pH 7.2). Yet, quantum dot release from the solid structure is noted. In order to prevent the leaking of quantum dots we have developed a novel strategy which consists of using tailor made double layered hydrotalcites as protecting shells for quantum dots embedded into silica nanospheres without changing either the materials or the optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana Stoica
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia-ICIQ, Avinguda del Paisos Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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