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Islam F, Shohag S, Akhter S, Islam MR, Sultana S, Mitra S, Chandran D, Khandaker MU, Ashraf GM, Idris AM, Emran TB, Cavalu S. Exposure of metal toxicity in Alzheimer’s disease: An extensive review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:903099. [PMID: 36105221 PMCID: PMC9465172 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.903099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metals serve important roles in the human body, including the maintenance of cell structure and the regulation of gene expression, the antioxidant response, and neurotransmission. High metal uptake in the nervous system is harmful because it can cause oxidative stress, disrupt mitochondrial function, and impair the activity of various enzymes. Metal accumulation can cause lifelong deterioration, including severe neurological problems. There is a strong association between accidental metal exposure and various neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of dementia that causes degeneration in the aged. Chronic exposure to various metals is a well-known environmental risk factor that has become more widespread due to the rapid pace at which human activities are releasing large amounts of metals into the environment. Consequently, humans are exposed to both biometals and heavy metals, affecting metal homeostasis at molecular and biological levels. This review highlights how these metals affect brain physiology and immunity and their roles in creating harmful proteins such as β-amyloid and tau in AD. In addition, we address findings that confirm the disruption of immune-related pathways as a significant toxicity mechanism through which metals may contribute to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Shohag
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Earth and Ocean Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Maritime University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shomaya Akhter
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Earth and Ocean Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Maritime University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sharifa Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Ghulam Md Ashraf, ; Abubakr M. Idris, ; Talha Bin Emran, ; Simona Cavalu,
| | - Abubakr M. Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Ghulam Md Ashraf, ; Abubakr M. Idris, ; Talha Bin Emran, ; Simona Cavalu,
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Ghulam Md Ashraf, ; Abubakr M. Idris, ; Talha Bin Emran, ; Simona Cavalu,
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
- *Correspondence: Ghulam Md Ashraf, ; Abubakr M. Idris, ; Talha Bin Emran, ; Simona Cavalu,
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2
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Hu J, Zhao Y, Li Y. Rationally designed amyloid inhibitors based on amyloid-related structural studies. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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3
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Ho T, Ahmadi S, Kerman K. Do glutathione and copper interact to modify Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis? Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 181:180-196. [PMID: 35092854 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder first described in 1906 that is currently estimated to impact ∼40 million people worldwide. Extensive research activities have led to a wealth of information on the pathogenesis, hallmarks, and risk factors of AD; however, therapeutic options remain extremely limited. The large number of pathogenic factors that have been reported to potentially contribute to AD include copper dyshomeostasis as well as increased oxidative stress, which is related to alterations to molecular antioxidants like glutathione (GSH). While the individual roles of GSH and copper in AD have been studied by many research groups, their interactions have received relatively little attention, although they appear to interact and affect each other's regulation. Existing knowledge on how GSH-copper interactions may affect AD is sparse and lacks focus. This review first highlights the most relevant individual roles that GSH and copper play in physiology and AD, and then collects and assesses research concerning their interactions, in an effort to provide a more accessible and understandable picture of the role of GSH, copper, and their interactions in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talia Ho
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Soha Ahmadi
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Kagan Kerman
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada.
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4
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Zhou Z, Chen S, Huang Y, Gu B, Li J, Wu C, Yin P, Zhang Y, Li H. Simultaneous visualization and quantification of copper (II) ions in Alzheimer's disease by a near-infrared fluorescence probe. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 198:113858. [PMID: 34871835 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The abnormal accumulation of copper ions (Cu2+) is considered to be one of the pathological factors of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the internal relationship between Cu2+ and AD progression is still not fully clear. In this work, a sensitive and selective near-infrared fluorescent copper ion probe (DDP-Cu) was designed for quantification and visualization of Cu2+ level in lysates, living cells, living zebrafish and brain tissues of drosophila and mice with AD. By using this probe, we demonstrated that the content of Cu2+ in the brains of AD mice and drosophila enhanced nearly 3.5-fold and 4-fold than that of normal mice and drosophila, respectively. More importantly, pathogenesis analysis revealed that elevated Cu2+ led to changes in factors closely associated with AD, such as the increasing of reactive oxygen species(ROS), the aggregation of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) and nerve cell cytotoxicity. These findings could promote the understanding of the roles between Cu2+ and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zile Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Shengyou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Yinghui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Biao Gu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, 421008, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Cuiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Peng Yin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China.
| | - Haitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, PR China.
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5
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Pilozzi A, Yu Z, Carreras I, Cormier K, Hartley D, Rogers J, Dedeoglu A, Huang X. A Preliminary Study of Cu Exposure Effects upon Alzheimer's Amyloid Pathology. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E408. [PMID: 32155778 PMCID: PMC7175127 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A large body of evidence indicates that dysregulation of cerebral biometals (Fe, Cu, Zn) and their interactions with amyloid precursor protein (APP) and Aβ amyloid may contribute to the Alzheimer's disease (AD) Aβ amyloid pathology. However, the molecular underpinnings associated with the interactions are still not fully understood. Herein we have further validated the exacerbation of Aβ oligomerization by Cu and H2O2 in vitro. We have also reported that Cu enhanced APP translations via its 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of mRNA in SH-SY5Y cells, and increased Aβ amyloidosis and expression of associated pro-inflammatory cytokines such as MCP-5 in Alzheimer's APP/PS1 doubly transgenic mice. This preliminary study may further unravel the pathogenic role of Cu in Alzheimer's Aβ amyloid pathogenesis, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pilozzi
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; (A.P.); (J.R.)
| | - Zhanyang Yu
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA;
| | - Isabel Carreras
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Medical Center, Bedford, MA 01730, USA; (I.C.); (K.C.); (A.D.)
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kerry Cormier
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Medical Center, Bedford, MA 01730, USA; (I.C.); (K.C.); (A.D.)
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Jack Rogers
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; (A.P.); (J.R.)
| | - Alpaslan Dedeoglu
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Medical Center, Bedford, MA 01730, USA; (I.C.); (K.C.); (A.D.)
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Xudong Huang
- Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; (A.P.); (J.R.)
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6
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Li H, Luo XB, Xu Y, Hou XY. A Brief Ischemic Postconditioning Protects Against Amyloid-β Peptide Neurotoxicity by Downregulating MLK3-MKK3/6-P38MAPK Signal in Rat Hippocampus. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 71:671-684. [PMID: 31424393 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oligomeric amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) is associated with dysfunctional neuronal networks and neuronal loss in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ischemic postconditioning protects against post-ischemic excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory process that have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. Evaluating the roles of ischemic postconditioning in oligomeric Aβ-induced neurotoxicity and underlying signal events may provide potential strategy for medical therapy in AD. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to explore whether and how a brief ischemic postconditioning protects against Aβ neurotoxicity in rat hippocampus. METHODS Oligomeric Aβ25-35 (20 nmol/rat) or Aβ1-42 (5 nmol/rat) was infused by intracerebroventricular injection in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Ischemic postconditioning, a brief episode of global brain ischemia (3 min), was conducted at 1, 3, or 7 days after Aβ treatment, respectively. RESULTS A brief ischemic postconditioning reduced neuronal loss and inhibited the activation of MLK3, MKK3/6, and P38MAPKs in rat hippocampal CA1 and CA3 subfields after Aβ oligomer infusion. An N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist amantadine, but not non-NMDA receptor antagonist CNQX, reversed the MLK3-MKK3/6-P38MAPK signal events and beneficial effect of ischemic postconditioning on neuronal survival. Such reversion was also realized by NVP-AAM077, a GluN2A-subunit-selective NMDA receptor antagonist. Moreover, posttreatment with low doses of NMDA (5 nmol-40 nmol/rat) suppressed the Aβ-induced P38MAPK signaling and imitated the neuroprotection of ischemic postconditioning against Aβ neurotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Ischemic postconditioning provides neuroprotection against Aβ neurotoxicity by moderate upregulation of NMDA receptor signaling, especially GluN2A-containing NMDA receptor pathway, and thereafter downregulation of MLK3-MKK3/6-P38MAPK signal events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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7
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Konar S, Sen S, Pathak A. Morphological Effects of CuO Nanostructures on Fibrillation of Human Serum Albumin. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:11437-11448. [PMID: 29202580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b08432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The influence of different morphologies of nanostructures on amyloid fibrillation has been investigated by monitoring the fibrillation of human serum albumin (HSA) in the presence of rod-, sphere-, flower-, and star-shaped copper oxide (CuO) nanostructures. The different morphologies of CuO have been synthesized from an aqueous solution-based precipitation method using various organic acids, viz., acetic acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid. The fibrillation process of HSA has been examined using various biophysical techniques, e.g., Thioflavin T fluorescence, Congo red binding studies through UV spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and fluorescence microscopy. The monolayer protein coverage on the CuO nanostructures has been established through DLS studies, and the well-fitted Langmuir isotherm model has been used to interpret the differential adsorption behavior of HSA molecules on the CuO nanostructures. The nanostar-shaped CuO, by virtue of their higher specific surface area (94.45 m2 g-1), presence of high indexed facets {211} and high positive surface charge potential (+16.2 mV at pH 7.0) was found to show the highest adsorption of the HSA monomers and thus was more competent to inhibit the formation of HSA fibrils compared to the other nanostructures of CuO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Konar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Shubhatam Sen
- Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Amita Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur , Kharagpur 721302, India
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8
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Li Y, Jiao Q, Xu H, Du X, Shi L, Jia F, Jiang H. Biometal Dyshomeostasis and Toxic Metal Accumulations in the Development of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:339. [PMID: 29114205 PMCID: PMC5660707 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Biometal dyshomeostasis and toxic metal accumulation are common features in many neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease, and Huntington’s disease. The neurotoxic effects of metal imbalance are generally associated with reduced enzymatic activities, elevated protein aggregation and oxidative stress in the central nervous system, in which a cascade of events lead to cell death and neurodegeneration. Although the links between biometal imbalance and neurodegenerative disorders remain elusive, a major class of endogenous proteins involved in metal transport has been receiving increasing attention over recent decades. The abnormal expression of these proteins has been linked to biometal imbalance and to the pathogenesis of AD. Here, we present a brief overview of the physiological roles of biometals including iron, zinc, copper, manganese, magnesium and calcium, and provide a detailed description of their transporters and their synergistic involvement in the development of AD. In addition, we also review the published data relating to neurotoxic metals in AD, including aluminum, lead, cadmium, and mercury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Jiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huamin Xu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xixun Du
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Limin Shi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fengju Jia
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Department of Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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9
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Grasso G, Santoro AM, Lanza V, Sbardella D, Tundo GR, Ciaccio C, Marini S, Coletta M, Milardi D. The double faced role of copper in Aβ homeostasis: A survey on the interrelationship between metal dyshomeostasis, UPS functioning and autophagy in neurodegeneration. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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10
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Wang P, Wang ZY. Metal ions influx is a double edged sword for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 35:265-290. [PMID: 27829171 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common form of dementia in aged people, which is defined by two pathological characteristics: β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation. Although the mechanisms of AD development are still being debated, a series of evidence supports the idea that metals, such as copper, iron, zinc, magnesium and aluminium, are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. In particular, the processes of Aβ deposition in senile plaques (SP) and the inclusion of phosphorylated tau in neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are markedly influenced by alterations in the homeostasis of the aforementioned metal ions. Moreover, the mechanisms of oxidative stress, synaptic plasticity, neurotoxicity, autophagy and apoptosis mediate the effects of metal ions-induced the aggregation state of Aβ and phosphorylated tau on AD development. More importantly, imbalance of these mechanisms finally caused cognitive decline in different experiment models. Collectively, reconstructing the signaling network that regulates AD progression by metal ions may provide novel insights for developing chelators specific for metal ions to combat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, No. 3-11, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110819, PR China.
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, No. 3-11, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110819, PR China.
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11
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Hu X, Zhang Q, Wang W, Yuan Z, Zhu X, Chen B, Chen X. Tripeptide GGH as the Inhibitor of Copper-Amyloid-β-Mediated Redox Reaction and Toxicity. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1255-63. [PMID: 27433833 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aβ complexes of some redox-active species, such as Cu, cause oxidative stress and induce severe toxicity by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Thus, Cu chelation therapy should be considered as a valuable strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, more attention should be paid to the specific chelating ability of these chelating agents. Herein, a tripeptide GGH was used to selectively chelate the Cu(2+) in Aβ-Cu complex in the presence of other metal ions (e.g., K(+), Ca(2+), Ni(2+), Mg(2+), and Zn(2+)) as shown by isothermal titration calorimetry results. GGH decreased the level of HO(•) radicals by preventing the formation of intermediate Cu(I) ion. Thus, the Cu species completely lost its catalytic activity at a superequimolar GGH/Cu(II) ratio (4:1) as observed by UV-visible spectroscopy, coumarin-3-carboxylic acid fluorescence, and BCA assay. Moreover, (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay indicates that GGH increased PC-12 cell viability from 36% to 63%, and neurotoxicity partly triggered by ROS decreased. These results indicate potential development of peptide chelation therapy for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xushan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry
of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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12
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Zhang Q, Hu X, Wang W, Yuan Z. Study of a Bifunctional Aβ Aggregation Inhibitor with the Abilities of Antiamyloid-β and Copper Chelation. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:661-8. [PMID: 26756252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a bifunctional Aβ aggregation inhibitor peptide, GGHRYYAAFFARR (GR), with the abilities to bind copper and antiamyloid was designed to inhibit the neurotoxicity of the Aβ-Cu(II) complex. The thioflavin T (ThT) assay, turbidimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay were used to study its potential inhibitory effect on Aβ aggregation. Our findings indicate that GGH was the specific chelating sequence and that the RYYAAFFARR (RR) component acted as an aggregation inhibitor. More importantly, GR significantly decreased the cytotoxicity of the Aβ-Cu(II) complex. The cell viability improved to 88%, which was higher than with the single functional peptide GGH and RR by 39% and 20%, respectively. Moreover, the qualitative effect of Cu(II) on the Aβ-Cu(II) complex was also studied. Our results indicate that Cu(II) induces the formation of the β-sheet structure with a subequimolar Cu(II):Aβ molar ratio (0.25:1) but led to increased ROS production at a supra-equimolar ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, China
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Zhao H, Li N, Wang Q, Cheng X, Li X, Liu T. Resveratrol decreases the insoluble Aβ1–42 level in hippocampus and protects the integrity of the blood–brain barrier in AD rats. Neuroscience 2015; 310:641-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Cervellati C, Romani A, Bosi C, Magon S, Passaro A, Bergamini CM, Zuliani G. Serum levels of hydroperoxides and multimorbidity among older patients with mild cognitive impairment or late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Aging Clin Exp Res 2015; 27:799-804. [PMID: 25795344 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-015-0352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OxS) might be involved in the pathogenesis of late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD); noteworthy, the presence of multimorbidity is regarded as a common denominator of OxS and dementia. AIM To evaluate the contribution of multimorbidity to OxS in LOAD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS Serum hydroperoxides and multimorbidity (CIRS-CI scale) were evaluated in 46 Controls, 104 MCI and 75 LOAD. RESULTS A trend toward an increase of hydroperoxides from Controls to MCI to LOAD was observed (LOAD vs Controls p = 0.01). This OxS marker was positively and significantly correlated with CIRS-CI in Controls (p = 0.002) and patients with MCI (p = 0.005) but not in those with LOAD (p = 0.104). CONCLUSIONS Multimorbidity is associated with systemic OxS but only in elderly people with either no or mild cognitive impairment. Although OxS is elevated in LOAD patients, its association with multimorbidity seems to be negligible, confirming the existence of strong disease-specific pro-oxidant mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Cervellati
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Arianna Romani
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cristina Bosi
- Section of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, 44100, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Magon
- Section of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, 44100, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Section of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, 44100, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo M Bergamini
- Section of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zuliani
- Section of Internal Medicine, Gerontology, and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medical Science, University of Ferrara, 44100, Ferrara, Italy.
- Section of Internal and CardioRespiratory Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124, Ferrara, Italy.
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15
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Qiu T, Liu Q, Chen YX, Zhao YF, Li YM. Aβ42 and Aβ40: similarities and differences. J Pept Sci 2015; 21:522-9. [PMID: 26018760 DOI: 10.1002/psc.2789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide in the brain is one of the most important hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Aβ is an aggregation-prone and toxic polypeptide with 39-43 residues, derived from the amyloid precursor protein proteolysis process. According to the amyloid hypothesis, abnormal accumulation of Aβ in the brain is the primary influence driving Alzheimer's disease pathologies. Among all kinds of Aβ isoforms, Aβ40 and Aβ42 are believed to be the most important ones. Although these two kinds of Aβ differ only in two amino acid residues, recent studies show that they differ significantly in their metabolism, physiological functions, toxicities, and aggregation mechanism. In this review, we mainly summarize the similarities and differences between Aβ42 and Aβ40, recent studies on selective inhibitors as well as probes will also be mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yu-Fen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
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16
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Evidence of two oxidation states of copper during aggregation of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL). Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 76:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Ryan TM, Kirby N, Mertens HDT, Roberts B, Barnham KJ, Cappai R, Pham CLL, Masters CL, Curtain CC. Small angle X-ray scattering analysis of Cu2+-induced oligomers of the Alzheimer's amyloid β peptide. Metallomics 2015; 7:536-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00323c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Research into causes of Alzheimer's disease and its treatment has produced a tantalising array of hypotheses about the role of transition metal dyshomeostasis, many of them on the interaction of these metals with the neurotoxic amyloid-β peptide (Aβ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M. Ryan
- University of Melbourne
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Nigel Kirby
- SAXS/WAXS Beamline
- The Australian Synchrotron
- Clayton, Australia
| | | | - Blaine Roberts
- University of Melbourne
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kevin J. Barnham
- University of Melbourne
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Pathology
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Technology Institute
| | - Roberto Cappai
- Department of Pathology
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Technology Institute
- The University of Melbourne
- Victoria, Australia
| | - Chi Le Lan Pham
- Department of Pathology
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Technology Institute
- The University of Melbourne
- Victoria, Australia
| | - Colin L. Masters
- University of Melbourne
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Cyril C. Curtain
- University of Melbourne
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
- Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Pathology
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Technology Institute
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18
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Ghosh S, Pandey NK, Banerjee P, Chaudhury K, Nagy NV, Dasgupta S. Copper(II) directs formation of toxic amorphous aggregates resulting in inhibition of hen egg white lysozyme fibrillation under alkaline salt-mediated conditions. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2014; 33:991-1007. [PMID: 24806136 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2014.921864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) adopts a molten globule-like state at high pH (~12.75) and is found to form amyloid fibrils at alkaline pH. Here, we report that Cu(II) inhibits self-association of HEWL at pH 12.75 both at 37 and 65 °C. A significant reduction in Thioflavin T fluorescence intensity, attenuation in β-sheet content and reduction in hydrophobic exposure were observed with increasing Cu(II) stoichiometry. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy suggests a 4N type of coordination pattern around Cu(II) during fibrillation. Cu(II) is also capable of altering the cytotoxicity of the proteinaceous aggregates. Fibrillar species of diverse morphology were found in the absence of Cu(II) with the generation of amorphous aggregates in the presence of Cu(II), which are more toxic compared to the fibrils alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeshna Ghosh
- a Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302 , India
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19
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Clioquinol promotes the degradation of metal-dependent amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers to restore endocytosis and ameliorate Aβ toxicity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:4013-8. [PMID: 24591589 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1402228111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common, progressive neurodegenerative disorder without effective disease-modifying therapies. The accumulation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) is associated with AD. However, identifying new compounds that antagonize the underlying cellular pathologies caused by Aβ has been hindered by a lack of cellular models amenable to high-throughput chemical screening. To address this gap, we use a robust and scalable yeast model of Aβ toxicity where the Aβ peptide transits through the secretory and endocytic compartments as it does in neurons. The pathogenic Aβ 1-42 peptide forms more oligomers and is more toxic than Aβ 1-40 and genome-wide genetic screens identified genes that are known risk factors for AD. Here, we report an unbiased screen of ∼140,000 compounds for rescue of Aβ toxicity. Of ∼30 hits, several were 8-hydroxyquinolines (8-OHQs). Clioquinol (CQ), an 8-OHQ previously reported to reduce Aβ burden, restore metal homeostasis, and improve cognition in mouse AD models, was also effective and rescued the toxicity of Aβ secreted from glutamatergic neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans. In yeast, CQ dramatically reduced Aβ peptide levels in a copper-dependent manner by increasing degradation, ultimately restoring endocytic function. This mirrored its effects on copper-dependent oligomer formation in vitro, which was also reversed by CQ. This unbiased screen indicates that copper-dependent Aβ oligomer formation contributes to Aβ toxicity within the secretory/endosomal pathways where it can be targeted with selective metal binding compounds. Establishing the ability of the Aβ yeast model to identify disease-relevant compounds supports its further exploitation as a validated early discovery platform.
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20
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Ayton S, Lei P, Bush AI. Metallostasis in Alzheimer's disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 62:76-89. [PMID: 23142767 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.10.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
2012 has been another year in which multiple large-scale clinical trials for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have failed to meet their clinical endpoints. With the social and financial burden of this disease increasing every year, the onus is now on the field of AD researchers to investigate alternative ideas to deliver outcomes for patients. Although several major clinical trials targeting Aβ have failed, three smaller clinical trials targeting metal interactions with Aβ have all shown benefit for patients. Here we review the genetic, pathological, biochemical, and pharmacological evidence that underlies the metal hypothesis of AD. The AD-affected brain suffers from metallostasis, or fatigue of metal trafficking, resulting in redistribution of metals into inappropriate compartments. The metal hypothesis is built upon a triad of transition elements: iron, copper, and zinc. The hypothesis has matured from early investigations showing amyloidogenic and oxidative stress consequences of these metals; recently, disease-related proteins, APP, tau, and presenilin, have been shown to have major roles in metal regulation, which provides insight into the pathway of neurodegeneration in AD and illuminates potential new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Ayton
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Peng Lei
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ashley I Bush
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
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21
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Squitti R, Polimanti R, Siotto M, Bucossi S, Ventriglia M, Mariani S, Vernieri F, Scrascia F, Trotta L, Rossini PM. ATP7B Variants as Modulators of Copper Dyshomeostasis in Alzheimer’s Disease. Neuromolecular Med 2013; 15:515-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s12017-013-8237-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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22
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Lee YH, Goto Y. Kinetic intermediates of amyloid fibrillation studied by hydrogen exchange methods with nuclear magnetic resonance. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2012; 1824:1307-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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23
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Chhikara N, Saraswat M, Tomar AK, Dey S, Singh S, Yadav S. Human epididymis protein-4 (HE-4): a novel cross-class protease inhibitor. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47672. [PMID: 23139753 PMCID: PMC3489902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epididymal proteins represent the factors necessary for maturation of sperm and play a crucial role in sperm maturation. HE-4, an epididymal protein, is a member of whey acidic protein four-disulfide core (WFDC) family with no known function. A WFDC protein has a conserved WFDC domain of 50 amino acids with eight conserved cystine residue. HE-4 is a 124 amino acid long polypeptide with two WFDC domains. Here, we show that HE-4 is secreted in the human seminal fluid as a disulfide-bonded homo-trimer and is a cross-class protease inhibitor inhibits some of the serine, aspartyl and cysteine proteases tested using hemoglobin as a substrate. Using SPR we have also observed that HE-4 shows a significant binding with all these proteases. Disulfide linkages are essential for this activity. Moreover, HE-4 is N-glycosylated and highly stable on a wide range of pH and temperature. Taken together this suggests that HE-4 is a cross-class protease inhibitor which might confer protection against microbial virulence factors of proteolytic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmal Chhikara
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mayank Saraswat
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil Kumar Tomar
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sharmistha Dey
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarman Singh
- Department of Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Savita Yadav
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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24
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Ghosh S, Pandey NK, Bhattacharya S, Roy A, Dasgupta S. Fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme triggers reduction of copper(II). Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Villar-Piqué A, Espargaró A, Sabaté R, de Groot NS, Ventura S. Using bacterial inclusion bodies to screen for amyloid aggregation inhibitors. Microb Cell Fact 2012; 11:55. [PMID: 22553999 PMCID: PMC3495732 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-11-55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The amyloid-β peptide (Aβ42) is the main component of the inter-neuronal amyloid plaques characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The mechanism by which Aβ42 and other amyloid peptides assemble into insoluble neurotoxic deposits is still not completely understood and multiple factors have been reported to trigger their formation. In particular, the presence of endogenous metal ions has been linked to the pathogenesis of AD and other neurodegenerative disorders. Results Here we describe a rapid and high-throughput screening method to identify molecules able to modulate amyloid aggregation. The approach exploits the inclusion bodies (IBs) formed by Aβ42 when expressed in bacteria. We have shown previously that these aggregates retain amyloid structural and functional properties. In the present work, we demonstrate that their in vitro refolding is selectively sensitive to the presence of aggregation-promoting metal ions, allowing the detection of inhibitors of metal-promoted amyloid aggregation with potential therapeutic interest. Conclusions Because IBs can be produced at high levels and easily purified, the method overcomes one of the main limitations in screens to detect amyloid modulators: the use of expensive and usually highly insoluble synthetic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Villar-Piqué
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193, Bellaterra, Spain
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