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Beletskaya IP, Ananikov VP. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–S, C–Se, and C–Te Bond Formations via Cross-Coupling and Atom-Economic Addition Reactions. Achievements and Challenges. Chem Rev 2022; 122:16110-16293. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina P. Beletskaya
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorob’evy gory, Moscow 119899, Russia
| | - Valentine P. Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
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2
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Di Terlizzi L, Scaringi S, Raviola C, Pedrazzani R, Bandini M, Fagnoni M, Protti S. Visible Light-Driven, Gold(I)-Catalyzed Preparation of Symmetrical (Hetero)biaryls by Homocoupling of Arylazo Sulfones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:4863-4872. [PMID: 35316603 PMCID: PMC8981317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of symmetrical (hetero)biaryls via arylazo sulfones has been successfully carried out upon visible light irradiation in the presence of PPh3AuCl as the catalyst. The present protocol led to the efficient synthesis of a wide range of target compounds in an organic-aqueous solvent under photocatalyst-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Di Terlizzi
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, University
of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Scaringi
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, University
of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carlotta Raviola
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, University
of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pedrazzani
- Dipartimento
di Chimica ″Giacomo Ciamician″, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Bandini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica ″Giacomo Ciamician″, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, University
of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, University
of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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3
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Zhang J, Wang S, Zhang Y, Feng Z. Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions for the Construction of Carbon‐Heteroatom Bonds. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chongqing University 55 Daxuecheng Road Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chongqing University 55 Daxuecheng Road Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chongqing University 55 Daxuecheng Road Chongqing 401331 China
| | - Zhang Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chongqing University 55 Daxuecheng Road Chongqing 401331 China
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging & Department of Chemistry School of Preclinical Medicine North Sichuan Medical College 234 Fujiang Road Nanchong Sichuan 637000 China
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Muto
- Waseda Institute for Advanced Study, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Toshimasa Okita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
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5
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Chuang SH, Lee YSE, Huang LYL, Chen CK, Lai CL, Lin YH, Yang JY, Yang SC, Chang LH, Chen CH, Liu CW, Lin HS, Lee YR, Huang KP, Fu KC, Jen HM, Lai JY, Jian PS, Wang YC, Hsueh WY, Tsai PY, Hong WH, Chang CC, Wu DZ, Wu J, Chen MH, Yu KM, Chern CY, Chang JM, Lau JYN, Huang JJ. Discovery of T-1101 tosylate as a first-in-class clinical candidate for Hec1/Nek2 inhibition in cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 191:112118. [PMID: 32113126 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Highly expressed in cancer 1 (Hec1) plays an essential role in mitosis and is correlated with cancer formation, progression, and survival. Phosphorylation of Hec1 by Nek2 kinase is essential for its mitotic function, thus any disruption of Hec1/Nek2 protein-protein interaction has potential for cancer therapy. We have developed T-1101 tosylate (9j tosylate, 9j formerly known as TAI-95), optimized from 4-aryl-N-pyridinylcarbonyl-2-aminothiazole of scaffold 9 by introducing various C-4' substituents to enhance potency and water solubility, as a first-in-class oral clinical candidate for Hec1 inhibition with potential for cancer therapy. T-1101 has good oral absorption, along with potent in vitro antiproliferative activity (IC50: 14.8-21.5 nM). It can achieve high concentrations in Huh-7 and MDA-MB-231 tumor tissues, and showed promise in antitumor activity in mice bearing human tumor xenografts of liver cancer (Huh-7), as well as of breast cancer (BT474, MDA-MB-231, and MCF7) with oral administration. Oral co-administration of T-1101 halved the dose of sorafenib (25 mg/kg to 12.5 mg/kg) required to exhibit comparable in vivo activity towards Huh-7 xenografts. Cellular events resulting from Hec1/Nek2 inhibition with T-1101 treatment include Nek2 degradation, chromosomal misalignment, and apoptotic cell death. A combination of T-1101 with either of doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and topotecan in select cancer cells also resulted in synergistic effects. Inactivity of T-1101 on non-cancerous cells, a panel of kinases, and hERG demonstrates cancer specificity, target specificity, and cardiac safety, respectively. Subsequent salt screening showed that T-1101 tosylate has good oral AUC (62.5 μM·h), bioavailability (F = 77.4%), and thermal stability. T-1101 tosylate is currently in phase I clinical trials as an orally administered drug for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hsien Chuang
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Shuan E Lee
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Lynn Y L Huang
- Taivex Therapeutics Corporation, 2nd Floor, Dongxing Rd., Songshan Dist., Taipei City, 10511, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kuan Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Lai
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Lin
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Ying Yang
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chuan Yang
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Lien-Hsiang Chang
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hui Chen
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Liu
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Her-Sheng Lin
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Lee
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Kuan Pin Huang
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Kuo Chu Fu
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Min Jen
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Yu Lai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shiou Jian
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yun Hsueh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Tsai
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hua Hong
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Chang
- Taivex Therapeutics Corporation, 2nd Floor, Dongxing Rd., Songshan Dist., Taipei City, 10511, Taiwan
| | - Diana Zc Wu
- Xenobiotic Laboratories, Inc., Plainsboro, NJ, USA
| | - Jinn Wu
- Xenobiotic Laboratories, Inc., Plainsboro, NJ, USA
| | - Meng-Hsin Chen
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ming Yu
- Taivex Therapeutics Corporation, 2nd Floor, Dongxing Rd., Songshan Dist., Taipei City, 10511, Taiwan
| | - Ching Yuh Chern
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ming Chang
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan
| | - Johnson Y N Lau
- Taivex Therapeutics Corporation, 2nd Floor, Dongxing Rd., Songshan Dist., Taipei City, 10511, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Jyh Huang
- Development Center for Biotechnology, National Biotechnology Research Park, Taipei City, 11571, Taiwan; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, No. 300, Syuefu Rd., Chiayi City, 60004, Taiwan.
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6
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Murashkina AV, Mitrofanov AY, Beletskaya IP. Copper in Cross-Coupling Reactions: II. Arylation of Thiols. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428019110010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Mitsudo K, Asada T, Inada T, Kurimoto Y, Mandai H, Suga S. Cu/Fe/O=PPh3-Catalyzed Etherification for the Synthesis of Aryl 3-Benzo[b]thienyl Ethers. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Mitsudo
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takuya Asada
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Inada
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuji Kurimoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mandai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Seiji Suga
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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8
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Keerthi Krishnan K, Ujwaldev SM, Sindhu KS, Anilkumar G. Recent advances in the transition metal catalyzed etherification reactions. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Nowrouzi N, Abbasi M, Latifi H. Ligand-free copper-catalysed direct synthesis of diaryl sulfides and diaryl disulfides in wet poly(ethylene glycol). Appl Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Nowrouzi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences; Persian Gulf University; Bushehr 75169 Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences; Persian Gulf University; Bushehr 75169 Iran
| | - Hadis Latifi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences; Persian Gulf University; Bushehr 75169 Iran
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10
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Mao J, Yan H, Rong G, He Y, Zhang G. The Application of Copper/Iron Cocatalysis in Cross-Coupling Reactions. CHEM REC 2016; 16:1096-105. [PMID: 27027733 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201500261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
For conventional cross-couplings in organic chemistry, precious metal (such as Pd or Rh) complexes have been the preferable choices as catalysts. However, their high cost, toxicity, and potential contamination of products limit their massive applications on some occasions, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry, where close monitoring of the metal contamination of products is required. Therefore, the use of metals that are less expensive and less toxic than Pd or Rh can be greatly advantageous and earth abundant metal (such Fe or Cu) catalysts have shown promise for replacing the precious metals. Interestingly, a certain copper catalyst combined with an iron catalyst displays higher catalytic efficiency than itself in various coupling reactions. Notably, ligand-free conditions make such protocols more useful and practical in many cases. In this account, we summarize the recent progress made in this increasingly attractive topic by describing successful examples, including our own work in the literature, regarding effective copper/iron cocatalysis. In addition, a few examples involving a magnetic and readily recyclable CuFe2 O4 nanoparticle cocatalyst are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Guangwei Rong
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yue He
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Guoqi Zhang
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College and The Graduate Center The City University of New York, New York, NY, 10019, USA
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingmar Bauer
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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12
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Koltunov KY, Chernov AN. BINOL Modification via SNAr Reactions with Pentafluoropyridine. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Ghatak A, Khan S, Roy R, Bhar S. Chemoselective and ligand-free synthesis of diaryl ethers in aqueous medium using recyclable alumina-supported nickel nanoparticles. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.10.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Copper/iron-catalyzed Ullmann coupling of diiodo- and dibromoarenes and diphenols for the synthesis of aryl ether macrocycles. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.12.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Liu Y, Wang H, Zhang J, Wan JP, Wen C. Disulfides as efficient thiolating reagents enabling selective bis-sulfenylation of aryl dihalides under mild copper-catalyzed conditions. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02935f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective bis-sulfenylation reactions of aryl dihalides have been achieved by copper-catalyzed C–S coupling reactions under mild conditions of refluxing EtOH (80 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022, P. R China
| | - Hang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022, P. R China
| | - Jida Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
- Hangzhou 310053, P. R China
| | - Jie-Ping Wan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang 330022, P. R China
| | - Chengping Wen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
- Hangzhou 310053, P. R China
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16
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Wang H, Yu A, Cao A, Chang J, Wu Y. First palladium-catalyzed denitrated coupling reaction of nitroarenes with phenols. Appl Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hailei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Ajuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Aijuan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450052 People's Republic of China
| | - Yangjie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450052 People's Republic of China
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17
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Peng D, Yu A, Wang H, Wu Y, Chang J. A 2,2′-bipyridine-palladacycle catalyzed the coupling of arylboronic acids with nitroarenes. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.05.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Chen J, Wang X, Zheng X, Ding J, Liu M, Wu H. Ligand-free copper-catalyzed O-arylation of nitroarenes with phenols. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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19
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Jalalian N, Petersen TB, Olofsson B. Metal-free arylation of oxygen nucleophiles with diaryliodonium salts. Chemistry 2012; 18:14140-9. [PMID: 23015511 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Phenols and carboxylic acids are efficiently arylated with diaryliodonium salts. The reaction conditions are mild, metal free, and avoid the use of halogenated solvents, additives, and excess reagents. The products are obtained in good-to-excellent yields after short reaction times. Steric hindrance is very well tolerated, both in the nucleophile and diaryliodonium salt. The scope includes ortho- and halo-substituted products, which are difficult to obtain by metal-catalyzed protocols. Many functional groups are tolerated, including carbonyl groups, heteroatoms, and alkenes. Unsymmetric salts can be chemoselectively utilized to obtain products with hitherto unreported levels of steric congestion. The arylation has been extended to sulfonic acids, which can be converted to sulfonate esters by two different approaches. With recent advances in efficient synthetic procedures for diaryliodonium salts the reagents are now inexpensive and readily available. The iodoarene byproduct formed from the iodonium reagent can be recovered quantitatively and used to regenerate the diaryliodonium salt, which improves the atom economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Jalalian
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Sweden
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