Chiral indane skeleton based thiourea catalyzed highly stereoselective cascade Michael-enolation-cyclization reaction

Expeditious assembly of fused dihydropyranones via N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed tandem Michael addition/lactonization

A convergent and efficient NHC-catalyzed enantioselective tandem Michael addition/lactonization sequence of ynals with 1,2-dione is disclosed. This strategy expeditiously assembles the valuable optically active fused dihydropyranones in good to high yields and with excellent enantioselectivities.

(Thio)urea-mediated synthesis of functionalized six-membered rings with multiple chiral centers

Organocatalysis, now running its second decade of life, is being considered one of the main tools a synthetic chemist has to perform asymmetric catalysis. In this review the synthesis of six-membered rings, that contain multiple chiral centers, either by a ring closing process or by a functionalization reaction on an already existing six-membered ring, utilizing bifunctional (thio)ureas will be summarized. Initially, the use of primary amine-thioureas as organocatalysts for the above transformation is being discussed, followed by the examples employing secondary amine-thioureas. Finally, the use of tertiary amine-thioureas and miscellaneous examples are presented.

DABCO catalyzed domino Michael/hydroalkoxylation reaction involving α-alkynyl-β-aryl nitroolefins: excellent stereoselective access to dihydropyrano[3,2-c]chromenes, pyranonaphthoquinones and related heterocycles

The stereoselective (up to ≤96 : 4 Z/E ratio) access to pyrano[3,2-c]chromenes and related scaffolds has been achieved in 72–89% yields via a domino reaction of enolizable cyclic 1,3-dicarbonyls and β-alkynyl nitroolefins.

A New Strategy for Enantioselective Construction of Multisubstituted Five-Membered Oxygen Heterocycles via a Domino Michael/Hemiketalization Reaction

A new highly enantioselective domino Michael/hemiketalization reaction of α-hydroxyacetophenone with β,γ-unsaturated α-keto esters for the synthesis of 2,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted chiral tetrahydrofurans is reported. With 2 mol % intramolecular dinuclear zinc-AzePhenol complex prepared in situ from the reaction of multidentate semi-azacrown ether ligand with ZnEt2 , the corresponding anti-multisubstituted tetrahydrofuran products were obtained in up to 90 % yields, and 98 % enantiomeric excess (ee) at 0 °C for 45 min. Moreover, the products were easily converted to 2,3,5-trisubstituted 2,3-dihydrofurans without any loss in optical activity.

Asymmetric transformations involving 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds as pronucleophiles

This article concentrates on the versatile nucleophilic reactivity of 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds in various asymmetric transformations. Although underexploited in comparison to their 1,3-dicarbonyl homologues, the presence of adjacent multiple reactive centres allows the selection of specific activation modes for enhancing the reactivity of these important ambident pronucleophiles. They can be involved in selective formation of C-C, C-O or C-N bonds leading to various optically active targets in the acyclic and cyclic series including three- to seven-membered ring systems. Recent contributions in the field of biochemical, organometallic and organic catalytic transformations as well as some relevant stoichiometric approaches are discussed from synthetic and mechanistic point of views highlighting some important stereochemical issues.