1
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Ray S, Roy S, Biswas S, Ojha M, Singh NDP. A Molecular Engineering Approach to Achieve Wavelength-Selective Photorelease Using a Dynamic Photocage. Org Lett 2024; 26:6236-6240. [PMID: 39004831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
We introduce a molecular engineering strategy for wavelength-selective photorelease of alcohols and carboxylic acids, employing a dynamic photocage featuring an (E)-3-(6-acetyl-2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)acrylate moiety. Initially activated by visible light (λ ≥ 410 nm), it releases alcohol, generating a second photocage. Subsequent exposure to shorter wavelengths (λ ≤ 365 nm) selectively releases carboxylic acid, albeit at a reduced rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Saikat Roy
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, S. Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Suchhanda Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Mamata Ojha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - N D Pradeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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2
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Liu G, Feng Y, Zhang Q, Chai Y. Orthogonal Deprotection of Photolabile Protecting Groups and Its Application in Oligosaccharide Synthesis. Org Lett 2024; 26:5746-5751. [PMID: 38953872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
We herein report for the first time the inter- and intramolecular orthogonal cleavage of two ortho-nitrobenzyl (NB) analogues. It is shown that the nitroveratryl (NV) group can be photolyzed with high priority when NV and ortho-nitrobenzyl carbonate (oNBC) are used together as the protecting groups of glycans. Notably, the photolytic products could be used directly in the subsequent glycosylation without further purification. With the above-mentioned orthogonal photolabile protecting group strategy in hand, a Mycobacterium tuberculosis tetrasaccharide and a derivative of glucosyl glycerol were rapidly prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yingle Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yonghai Chai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710119, P. R. China
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3
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Mandal M, Scerbo P, Coghill I, Riou JF, Bochet CG, Ducos B, Bensimon D, Le Saux T, Aujard I, Jullien L. Caged Dexamethasone to Photo-control the Development of Embryos through Activation of the Glucocorticoid Receptor. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400579. [PMID: 38350020 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Efficient tools for controlling molecular functions with exquisite spatiotemporal resolution are much in demand to investigate biological processes in living systems. Here we report an easily synthesized caged dexamethasone for photo-activating cytoplasmic proteins fused to the glucocorticoid receptor. In the dark, it is stable in vitro as well as in vivo in both zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Xenopus sp, two significant models of vertebrates. In contrast, it liberates dexamethasone upon UV illumination, which has been harnessed to interfere with developmental steps in embryos of these animals. Interestingly, this new system is biologically orthogonal to the one for photo-activating proteins fused to the estrogen ERT receptor, which brings great prospect for activating two distinct proteins down to the single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal Mandal
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Pierluigi Scerbo
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences Lettres University, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Ian Coghill
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Riou
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Institute of Biology Paris-Seine, Sorbonne University, CNRS, 9, Quai Saint-Bernard, 75252, Paris, Cedex 05, France
| | - Christian G Bochet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, 9 Ch. du Musée, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Bertrand Ducos
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences Lettres University, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
- High Throughput qPCR Core Facility, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences Lettres University, 46 Rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - David Bensimon
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris Sciences Lettres University, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 24 Rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Thomas Le Saux
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Aujard
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Jullien
- PASTEUR, Département de chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 24, rue Lhomond, 75005, Paris, France
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4
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Schulte AM, Alachouzos G, Szymanski W, Feringa BL. The fate of the contact ion pair determines the photochemistry of coumarin-based photocleavable protecting groups. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2062-2073. [PMID: 38332822 PMCID: PMC10848663 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05725a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Photocleavable protecting groups (PPGs) enable the precise spatiotemporal control over the release of a payload of interest, in particular a bioactive substance, through light irradiation. A crucial parameter that determines the practical applicability of PPGs is the efficiency of payload release, largely governed by the quantum yield of photolysis (QY). Understanding which parameters determine the QY will prove crucial for engineering improved PPGs and their effective future applications, especially in the emerging field of photopharmacology. The Contact Ion Pair (CIP) has been recognized as an important intermediate in the uncaging process, but the key influence of its fate on the quantum yield has not been explored yet, limiting our ability to design improved PPGs. Here, we demonstrate that the CIP escape mechanism of PPGs is crucial for determining their payload- and solvent-dependent photolysis QY, and illustrate that an intramolecular type of CIP escape is superior over diffusion-dependent CIP escape. Furthermore, we report a strong correlation of the photolysis QY of a range of coumarin PPGs with the DFT-calculated height of all three energy barriers involved in the photolysis reaction, despite the vastly different mechanisms of CIP escape that these PPGs exhibit. Using the insights obtained through our analysis, we were able to predict the photolysis QY of a newly designed PPG with particularly high accuracy. The level of understanding of the factors determining the QY of PPGs presented here will move the ever-expanding field of PPG applications forward and provides a blueprint for the development of PPGs with QYs that are independent of payload-topology and solvent polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Marten Schulte
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Georgios Alachouzos
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen Hanzeplein 1 9713 GZ Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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5
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Hua Y, Strauss M, Fisher S, Mauser MFX, Manchet P, Smacchia M, Geyer P, Shayeghi A, Pfeffer M, Eggenweiler TH, Daly S, Commandeur J, Mayor M, Arndt M, Šolomek T, Köhler V. Giving the Green Light to Photochemical Uncaging of Large Biomolecules in High Vacuum. JACS AU 2023; 3:2790-2799. [PMID: 37885583 PMCID: PMC10598566 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The isolation of biomolecules in a high vacuum enables experiments on fragile species in the absence of a perturbing environment. Since many molecular properties are influenced by local electric fields, here we seek to gain control over the number of charges on a biopolymer by photochemical uncaging. We present the design, modeling, and synthesis of photoactive molecular tags, their labeling to peptides and proteins as well as their photochemical validation in solution and in the gas phase. The tailored tags can be selectively cleaved off at a well-defined time and without the need for any external charge-transferring agents. The energy of a single or two green photons can already trigger the process, and it is soft enough to ensure the integrity of the released biomolecular cargo. We exploit differences in the cleavage pathways in solution and in vacuum and observe a surprising robustness in upscaling the approach from a model system to genuine proteins. The interaction wavelength of 532 nm is compatible with various biomolecular entities, such as oligonucleotides or oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Hua
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johannsring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Strauss
- Vienna
Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna,
VDSP & VCQ, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sergey Fisher
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin F. X. Mauser
- Vienna
Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna,
VDSP & VCQ, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pierre Manchet
- Vienna
Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna,
VDSP & VCQ, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Smacchia
- Vienna
Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna,
VDSP & VCQ, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Geyer
- Vienna
Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna,
VDSP & VCQ, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Armin Shayeghi
- Vienna
Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna,
VDSP & VCQ, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Pfeffer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johannsring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tim Henri Eggenweiler
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johannsring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Steven Daly
- MS
Vision, Televisieweg
40, 1322 AM Almere, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Commandeur
- MS
Vision, Televisieweg
40, 1322 AM Almere, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Mayor
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johannsring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Institute
for Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute
of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, DE-76021 Karlsruhe Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Lehn Institute
of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510274, P. R. China
| | - Markus Arndt
- Vienna
Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna,
VDSP & VCQ, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tomáš Šolomek
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, PO Box 94157, 1090 GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valentin Köhler
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johannsring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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6
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Stimuli-Responsive Boron-Based Materials in Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032757. [PMID: 36769081 PMCID: PMC9917063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery systems, which use components at the nanoscale level as diagnostic tools or to release therapeutic drugs to particular target areas in a regulated manner, are a fast-evolving field of science. The active pharmaceutical substance can be released via the drug delivery system to produce the desired therapeutic effect. The poor bioavailability and irregular plasma drug levels of conventional drug delivery systems (tablets, capsules, syrups, etc.) prevent them from achieving sustained delivery. The entire therapy process may be ineffective without a reliable delivery system. To achieve optimal safety and effectiveness, the drug must also be administered at a precision-controlled rate and the targeted spot. The issues with traditional drug delivery are overcome by the development of stimuli-responsive controlled drug release. Over the past decades, regulated drug delivery has evolved considerably, progressing from large- and nanoscale to smart-controlled drug delivery for several diseases. The current review provides an updated overview of recent developments in the field of stimuli-responsive boron-based materials in drug delivery for various diseases. Boron-containing compounds such as boron nitride, boronic acid, and boron dipyrromethene have been developed as a moving field of research in drug delivery. Due to their ability to achieve precise control over drug release through the response to particular stimuli (pH, light, glutathione, glucose or temperature), stimuli-responsive nanoscale drug delivery systems are attracting a lot of attention. The potential of developing their capabilities to a wide range of nanoscale systems, such as nanoparticles, nanosheets/nanospheres, nanotubes, nanocarriers, microneedles, nanocapsules, hydrogel, nanoassembly, etc., is also addressed and examined. This review also provides overall design principles to include stimuli-responsive boron nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems, which might inspire new concepts and applications.
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7
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Okamura H, Iida M, Kaneyama Y, Nagatsugi F. o-Nitrobenzyl Oxime Ethers Enable Photoinduced Cyclization Reaction to Provide Phenanthridines under Aqueous Conditions. Org Lett 2023; 25:466-470. [PMID: 36629406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we describe a novel N-O photolysis of o-nitrobenzyl oxime ethers that enables the synthesis of phenanthridines via intramolecular cyclization reactions. Without the use of additional photocatalysts or photosensitizers, the process proceeds with an efficiency of ≤96% upon exposure of the sample to near-visible light (405 nm) under aqueous conditions. Through the photoinduced production of a fluorescent phenanthridine derivative in HeLa cells, the progress of the reaction under biological conditions was demonstrated. This photoinduced cyclization reaction could be used as a different photochemical instrument to control biological processes by inducing the production of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Okamura
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Momoka Iida
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yui Kaneyama
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Fumi Nagatsugi
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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8
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Štacko P, Šolomek T. Photoremovable Protecting Groups: Across the Light Spectrum to Near- Infrared Absorbing Photocages. Chimia (Aarau) 2021; 75:873-881. [PMID: 34728015 DOI: 10.2533/chimia.2021.873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We discuss the past decade of progress in the field of photoremovable protecting groups that allowed the development of photocages activatable by near-IR light and highlight the individual conceptual advancements that lead to general guidelines to design new such photoremovable protecting groups. We emphasize the importance of understanding the individual photochemical reaction mechanisms that was necessary to achieve this progress and provide an outlook of the subsequent steps to facilitate a swift translation of this research into clinical praxis. Since this issue of CHIMIA is dedicated to the late Prof. Thomas Bally, we decided to provide a personal perspective on the field to which he contributed himself. We tried to write this review with the general readership of CHIMIA in mind in a hope to pay a tribute to the extraordinary dedication and clarity with which Thomas Bally used to explain abstract chemical concepts to his students or colleagues. We are uncertain whether we matched such challenge but we believe that he would have liked such approach very much.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Štacko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich; Prievidza Chemical Society, M. Hodžu 10/16, 971 01 Prievidza, Slovakia;,
| | - Tomáš Šolomek
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; Prievidza Chemical Society, M. Hodžu 10/16, 971 01 Prievidza, Slovakia;,
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9
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Photopharmacological Applications for Cherenkov Radiation Generated by Clinically Used Radionuclides. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169010. [PMID: 34445716 PMCID: PMC8396513 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Translational photopharmacological applications are limited through irradiation by light showing wavelengths within the bio-optical window. To achieve sufficient tissue penetration, using wavelengths >500 nm is mandatory. Nevertheless, the majority of photopharmacological compounds respond to irradiation with more energetic UV light, which shows only a minor depth of tissue penetration in the µm range. Thus, we became interested in UV light containing Cherenkov radiation (CR) induced as a by-product by clinically employed radionuclides labeling specific tissues. Therefore, CR may be applicable in novel photopharmacological approaches. To provide evidence for the hypothesis, we verified the clinically established radionuclides 68Ga and 90Y but not 18F in clinically used activities to be capable of generating CR in aqueous solutions. We then investigated whether the generated CR was able to photoactivate the caged kinase inhibitor cagedAZD5438 as a photoresponsive model system. Herein, 21% uncaging of the model system cagedAZD5438 occurred by incubation with 90Y, along with a non-specific compound decomposition for 68Ga and partly for 90Y. The findings suggest that the combination of a clinically employed radionuclide with an optimized photoresponsive agent could be beneficial for highly focused photopharmacological therapies.
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian G. Bochet
- Department of chemistry University of Fribourg 9 Chemin du Musée CH-1700 Fribourg Switzerland
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11
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Moreno VM, Meroño C, Baeza A, Usategui A, Ortiz-Romero PL, Pablos JL, Vallet-Regí M. UVA-Degradable Collagenase Nanocapsules as a Potential Treatment for Fibrotic Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:499. [PMID: 33917543 PMCID: PMC8067494 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peyronie and Dupuytren are pathologies characterized by the appearance of localized fibrotic lesions in an organ. These disorders originate from an excessive production of collagen in the tissue provoking dysfunction and functional limitations to the patients. Local administration of collagenase is the most used treatment for these fibrotic-type diseases, but a high lability of the enzyme limits its therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we present a novel methodology for the preparation of collagenase nanocapsules without affecting its enzymatic activity and capable of releasing the enzyme in response to an ultraviolet A (UVA) light stimulus. Polymeric coating around collagenase was formed by free-radical polymerization of acrylamide-type monomers. Their degradation capacity under UVA irradiation was provided by incorporating a novel photocleavable acrylamide-type crosslinker within the polymeric framework. This property allowed collagenase release to be triggered in a controlled manner by employing an easily focused stimulus. Additionally, UVA irradiation presents considerable benefits by itself due to its capacity to induce collagenase production in situ. An expected synergistic effect of collagenase nanocapsules in conjunction with UVA effect may present a promising treatment for these fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor M. Moreno
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Meroño
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.M.); (A.U.); (J.L.P.)
| | - Alejandro Baeza
- Departamento de Materiales y Producción Aeroespacial, ETSI Aeronáutica y del Espacio, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Usategui
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.M.); (A.U.); (J.L.P.)
| | - Pablo L. Ortiz-Romero
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Instituto (i+12 Medical School), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José L. Pablos
- Servicio de Reumatología, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avenida Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (C.M.); (A.U.); (J.L.P.)
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Procházková E, Šimon P, Straka M, Filo J, Májek M, Cigáň M, Baszczyňski O. Phosphate linkers with traceable cyclic intermediates for self-immolation detection and monitoring. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:211-214. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06928k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A robust method based on NMR traceable cyclic intermediates clearly distinguished self-immolation from other cargo-release processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Procházková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague 166 10
- Czech Republic
| | - Petr Šimon
- Faculty of Science
- Charles University
- Prague 128 43
- Czech Republic
| | - Michal Straka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague 166 10
- Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Filo
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Comenius University
- Bratislava 842 15
- Slovakia
| | - Michal Májek
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Comenius University
- Bratislava 842 15
- Slovakia
| | - Marek Cigáň
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Natural Sciences
- Comenius University
- Bratislava 842 15
- Slovakia
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13
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Abstract
In this work, a series of photochemical reactions were performed on isotopically labelled substrates to explore the validity of Hammond's postulate for the excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian G. Bochet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Freya M. Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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14
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Xue Y, Bai H, Peng B, Fang B, Baell J, Li L, Huang W, Voelcker NH. Stimulus-cleavable chemistry in the field of controlled drug delivery. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:4872-4931. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01061h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review comprehensively summarises stimulus-cleavable linkers from various research areas and their cleavage mechanisms, thus provides an insightful guideline to extend their potential applications to controlled drug release from nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Xue
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Bin Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Jonathan Baell
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton
- Victoria 3168
- Australia
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
| | - Nicolas Hans Voelcker
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics
- Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- 127 West Youyi Road
- Xi'an 710072
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15
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Bollu A, Sharma NK. Biased photo cleavage of N-/N-nitrobenzyl from 2’-hydroxyethyl-adenosine and their DNA/RNA Caged-analogues. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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16
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A Photocleavable Contrast Agent for Light-Responsive MRI. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13100296. [PMID: 33050049 PMCID: PMC7599822 DOI: 10.3390/ph13100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thanks to its innocuousness and high spatiotemporal resolution, light is used in several established and emerging applications in biomedicine. Among them is the modulation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents’ relaxivity with the aim to increase the sensitivity, selectivity and amount of functional information obtained from this outstanding whole-body medical imaging technique. This approach requires the development of molecular contrast agents that show high relaxivity and strongly pronounced photo-responsiveness. To this end, we report here the design and synthesis of a light-activated MRI contrast agent, together with its evaluation using UV–vis spectroscopy, Fast Field Cycling (FFC) relaxometry and relaxometric measurements on clinical MRI scanners. The high relaxivity of the reported agent changes substantially upon irradiation with light, showing a 17% decrease in relaxivity at 0.23T upon irradiation with λ = 400 nm (violet) light for 60 min. On clinical MRI scanners (1.5T and 3.0T), irradiation leads to a decrease in relaxivity of 9% and 19% after 3 and 60 min, respectively. The molecular design presents an important blueprint for the development of light-activatable MRI contrast agents.
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17
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Liu L, Kuang Y, Wang Z, Chen Y. A photocleavable peptide-tagged mass probe for chemical mapping of epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in human cancer cells. Chem Sci 2020; 11:11298-11306. [PMID: 34094372 PMCID: PMC8162480 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04481d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) testing has great value for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment selection. However, the clinical utility of HER2 is frequently tempered by the uncertainty regarding the accuracy of the methods currently available to assess HER2. The development of novel methods for accurate HER2 testing is in great demand. Considering the visualization features of in situ imaging and the quantitative capability of mass spectrometry, integration of the two components into a molecular mapping approach has attracted increasing interest. In this work, we reported an integrated chemical mapping approach using a photocleavable peptide-tagged mass probe for HER2 detection. The probe consists of four functional domains, including the recognition unit of an aptamer to catch HER2, a fluorescent dye moiety (FITC) for fluorescence imaging, a reporter peptide for mass spectrometric quantification, and a photocleavable linker for peptide release. After characterization of this novel probe (e.g., conjugation efficiency, binding affinity and specificity, and photolysis release efficiency), the probe binding and photolysis release conditions were optimized. Then, fluorescence images were collected, and the released reporter peptide after photolysis was quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A limit of quantification (LOQ) of 25 pM was obtained, which very well meets the requirements for clinical laboratory testing. Finally, the developed assay was applied for HER2 testing in four breast cancer cell lines and 42 pairs of human breast primary tumors and adjacent normal tissue samples. Overall, this integrated approach based on a photocleavable peptide-tagged mass probe can provide chemical mapping including both quantitative and visual information of HER2 reliably and consistently, and may pave the way for clinical applications in a more accurate manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan 430071 China
| | - Yuqiong Kuang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University 210029 China
| | - Zhongcheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166 China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular & Cerebrovascular Medicine Nanjing 210029 China
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18
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Sunscreen-Assisted Selective Photochemical Transformations. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092125. [PMID: 32370013 PMCID: PMC7248769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we describe a simple and general procedure to accomplish selective photochemical reaction sequences for two chromophores that are responsive to similar light frequencies. The essence of the method is based on the exploitation of differences in the molar absorptivity at certain wavelengths of the photosensitive groups, which is enhanced by utilizing light-absorbing auxiliary filter molecules, or “sunscreens”. Thus, the filter molecule hinders the reaction pathway of the least absorbing molecule or group, allowing for the selective reaction of the other. The method was applied to various photochemical reactions, from photolabile protecting group removal to catalytic photoinduced olefin metathesis in different wavelengths and using different sunscreen molecules. Additionally, the sunscreens were shown to be effective also when applied externally to the reaction mixture, avoiding any potential chemical interactions between sunscreen and substrates and circumventing the need to remove the light-filtering molecules from the reaction mixture, adding to the simplicity and generality of the method.
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19
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Kirschner S, Döbber A, Krebs M, Witt C, Hartke B, Peifer C. The Impact of Electronic Effects on Photolysis: A Model Study on the 4,5‐Dimethoxy‐2‐nitrobenzyl Caged
N
‐Phenylpyrimidine‐2‐amine Scaffold. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kirschner
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University of Kiel Gutenbergstraße 76 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Alexander Döbber
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University of Kiel Gutenbergstraße 76 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Melanie Krebs
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University of Kiel Gutenbergstraße 76 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Christopher Witt
- Institute for Physical ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University of Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Bernd Hartke
- Institute for Physical ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University of Kiel Max-Eyth-Str. 2 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Christian Peifer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryChristian-Albrechts-University of Kiel Gutenbergstraße 76 24118 Kiel Germany
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20
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LeValley PJ, Neelarapu R, Sutherland BP, Dasgupta S, Kloxin CJ, Kloxin AM. Photolabile Linkers: Exploiting Labile Bond Chemistry to Control Mode and Rate of Hydrogel Degradation and Protein Release. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4671-4679. [PMID: 32037819 PMCID: PMC7267699 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Photolabile moieties have been utilized in applications ranging from peptide synthesis and controlled protein activation to tunable and dynamic materials. The photochromic properties of nitrobenzyl (NB) based linkers are readily tuned to respond to cytocompatible light doses and are widely utilized in cell culture and other biological applications. While widely utilized, little is known about how the microenvironment, particularly confined aqueous environments (e.g., hydrogels), affects both the mode and rate of cleavage of NB moieties, leading to unpredictable limitations in control over system properties (e.g., rapid hydrolysis or slow photolysis). To address these challenges, we synthesized and characterized the photolysis and hydrolysis of NB moieties containing different labile bonds (i.e., ester, amide, carbonate, or carbamate) that served as labile crosslinks within step-growth hydrogels. We observed that NB ester bond exhibited significant rates of both photolysis and hydrolysis, whereas, importantly, the NB carbamate bond had superior light responsiveness and resistance to hydrolysis within the hydrogel microenvironment. Exploiting this synergy and orthogonality of photolytic and hydrolytic degradation, we designed concentric cylinder hydrogels loaded with different cargoes (e.g., model protein with different fluorophores) for either combinatorial or sequential release, respectively. Overall, this work provides new facile chemical approaches for tuning the degradability of NB linkers and an innovative strategy for the construction of multimodal degradable hydrogels, which can be utilized to guide the design of not only tunable materials platforms but also controlled synthetic protocols or surface modification strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige J. LeValley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Raghupathi Neelarapu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Bryan P. Sutherland
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Srimoyee Dasgupta
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Christopher J. Kloxin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - April M. Kloxin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
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21
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Procházková E, Filo J, Cigáň M, Baszczyňski O. Sterically-Controlled Self-Immolation in Phosphoramidate Linkers Triggered by Light. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Procházková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; The Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 542/2; 116 10 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Filo
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences; Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6; Bratislava 842 15 Slovakia
| | - Marek Cigáň
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences; Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6; Bratislava 842 15 Slovakia
| | - Ondřej Baszczyňski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8; 128 43 Prague Czech Republic
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22
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Eivgi O, Vaisman A, Nechmad NB, Baranov M, Lemcoff NG. Latent Ruthenium Benzylidene Phosphite Complexes for Visible-Light-Induced Olefin Metathesis. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Or Eivgi
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Anna Vaisman
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Noy B. Nechmad
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Mark Baranov
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - N. Gabriel Lemcoff
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
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23
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24
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Feeney MJ, Thomas SW. Combining Top-Down and Bottom-Up with Photodegradable Layer-by-Layer Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:13791-13804. [PMID: 31487186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly of polymer coatings is a bottom-up fabrication technique with broad applicability across a wide range of materials and applications that require control over interfacial properties. While most LbL coatings are chemically uniform in directions both tangent and perpendicular to their substrate, control over the properties of surface coatings as a function of space can enhance their function. To contribute to this rapidly advancing field, our group has focused on the top-down spatiotemporal control possible with photochemically reactive LbL coatings, harnessed through charge-shifting polyelectrolytes enabled by photocleavable ester pendants. The photolysis of the photocleavable esters degrades LbL films containing these polyelectrolytes. The chemical structures of the photocleavable groups dictate the wavelengths responsible for disrupting these coatings, ranging from ultraviolet to near-infrared in our work. In addition, spatially segregating reactive groups into "compartments" within LbL films has enabled us to fabricate reactive free-standing polymer films and multiheight photopatterned coatings. Overall, by combining bottom-up and top-down approaches, photoreactive LbL films enable precise control over the interfacial properties of polymer and composite coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Feeney
- Department of Chemistry , Tufts University , 62 Talbot Avenue , Medford , Massachusetts 02155 , United States
| | - Samuel W Thomas
- Department of Chemistry , Tufts University , 62 Talbot Avenue , Medford , Massachusetts 02155 , United States
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25
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Kamatham N, Raj AM, Givens RS, Da Silva JP, Ramamurthy V. Supramolecular photochemistry of encapsulated caged ortho-nitrobenzyl triggers. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:2411-2420. [PMID: 31347647 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00260j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
ortho-Nitrobenzyl (oNB) triggers have been extensively used to release various molecules of interest. However, the toxicity and reactivity of the spent chromophore, o-nitrosobenzaldehyde, remains an unaddressed difficulty. In this study we have applied the well-established supramolecular photochemical concepts to retain the spent trigger o-nitrosobenzaldehyde within the organic capsule after release of water-soluble acids and alcohols. The sequestering power of organic capsules for spent chromophores during photorelease from ortho-nitrobenzyl esters, ethers and alcohols is demonstrated with several examples.
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26
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König NF, Al Ouahabi A, Oswald L, Szweda R, Charles L, Lutz JF. Photo-editable macromolecular information. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3774. [PMID: 31484927 PMCID: PMC6726599 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11566-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-induced alteration of macromolecular information plays a central role in biology and is known to influence health, aging and Darwinian evolution. Here, we report that light can also trigger sequence variations in abiotic information-containing polymers. Sequence-coded poly(phosphodiester)s were synthesized using four phosphoramidite monomers containing either photo-sensitive or photo-inert substituents. These monomers allow different sequence manipulations. For instance, using two light-cleavable monomers containing o-nitrobenzyl ether and o-nitroveratryl ether motifs, photo-erasable digital polymers were prepared. These polymers can be decoded by tandem mass spectrometry but become unreadable after UVA exposure. The opposite behavior, i.e. photo-revealable sequences, was obtained with polymers made of two isobaric monomers containing light-cleavable o-nitrobenzyl ether and light-inert p-nitrobenzyl ether substituents. Furthermore, when the latter two monomers were used in conjunction with a third monomer bearing a light-inert OH group, site-directed photo-mutations were induced in synthetic polymers. This was used herein to change the meaning of binary sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Felix König
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR22, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Abdelaziz Al Ouahabi
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR22, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Laurence Oswald
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR22, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Roza Szweda
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR22, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
| | - Laurence Charles
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7273, Institute of Radical Chemistry, 13397, Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Jean-François Lutz
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron UPR22, 23 rue du Loess, 67034, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France.
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27
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Jradi FM, Lavis LD. Chemistry of Photosensitive Fluorophores for Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:1077-1090. [PMID: 30997987 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Development of single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) has sparked a revolution in biological imaging, allowing "super-resolution" fluorescence microscopy below the diffraction limit of light. The past decade has seen an explosion in not only optical hardware for SMLM but also the development or repurposing of fluorescent proteins and small-molecule fluorescent probes for this technique. In this review, written by chemists for chemists, we detail the history of single-molecule localization microscopy and collate the collection of probes with demonstrated utility in SMLM. We hope it will serve as a primer for probe choice in localization microscopy as well as an inspiration for the development of new fluorophores that enable imaging of biological samples with exquisite detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadi M. Jradi
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
| | - Luke D. Lavis
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
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28
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Le Mai Hoang K, Pardo-Vargas A, Zhu Y, Yu Y, Loria M, Delbianco M, Seeberger PH. Traceless Photolabile Linker Expedites the Chemical Synthesis of Complex Oligosaccharides by Automated Glycan Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9079-9086. [PMID: 31091089 PMCID: PMC6750752 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Automated glycan
assembly (AGA) aims at accelerating access to
synthetic oligosaccharides to meet the demand for defined glycans
as tools for molecular glycobiology. The linkers used to connect the
growing glycan chain to the solid support play a pivotal role in the
synthesis strategy as they determine all chemical conditions used
during the synthesis and the form of the glycan obtained at the end
of it. Here, we describe a traceless photolabile linker used to prepare
carbohydrates with a free reducing end. Modification of the o-nitrobenzyl scaffold of the linker is key to high yields
and compatibility with the AGA workflow. The assembly of an asymmetrical
biantennary N-glycan from oligosaccharide fragments
prepared by AGA and linear as well as branched β-oligoglucans
is described to illustrate the power of the method. These substrates
will serve as standards and biomarkers to examine the unique specificity
of glycosyl hydrolases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Le Mai Hoang
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Alonso Pardo-Vargas
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Yuntao Zhu
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Mirco Loria
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Martina Delbianco
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems , Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1 , 14476 Potsdam , Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
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29
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Computational study on the removal of photolabile protecting groups by photochemical reactions. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Benda D, Beck S, Linscheid MW. Synthesis and characterization of a new MeCAT reagent containing a photocleavable linker for labeling of proteins and peptides in mass spectrometric analyses. Talanta 2019; 192:197-203. [PMID: 30348378 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The quantification of proteins and peptides becomes more important besides mere identification in modern life sciences. Therefore, we have developed a new reagent that adds to the known metall-coded affinity tagging strategy employed in molecular and elemental mass spectrometry containing a photocleavable linker. A synthesis route was developed that provides the new reagent in good yields. The stability of the synthesized reagents was assessed under different temperature and illumination conditions. Labeling reactions were carried out at peptide and protein level, while also the fragmentation behavior of labeled peptides was assessed. In additional experiments, the photocleavability of the new reagent was examined. Upon irradiation with ultraviolet light, the photoproducts were liberated and could be used for quantification of labeled peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Benda
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Beck
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael W Linscheid
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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31
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Hölz K, Hoi JK, Schaudy E, Somoza V, Lietard J, Somoza MM. High-Efficiency Reverse (5'→3') Synthesis of Complex DNA Microarrays. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15099. [PMID: 30305718 PMCID: PMC6180089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33311-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA microarrays are important analytical tools in genetics and have recently found multiple new biotechnological roles in applications requiring free 3' terminal hydroxyl groups, particularly as a starting point for enzymatic extension via DNA or RNA polymerases. Here we demonstrate the highly efficient reverse synthesis of complex DNA arrays using a photolithographic approach. The method is analogous to conventional solid phase synthesis but makes use of phosphoramidites with the benzoyl-2-(2-nitrophenyl)-propoxycarbonyl (BzNPPOC) photolabile protecting group on the 3'-hydroxyl group. The use of BzNPPOC, with more than twice the photolytic efficiency of the 2-(2-nitrophenyl)-propoxycarbonyl (NPPOC) previously used for 5'→3' synthesis, combined with additional optimizations to the coupling and oxidation reactions results in an approximately 3-fold improvement in the reverse synthesis efficiency of complex arrays of DNA oligonucleotides. The coupling efficiencies of the reverse phosphoramidites are as good as those of regular phosphoramidites, resulting in comparable yields. Microarrays of DNA surface tethered on the 5' end and with free 3' hydroxyl termini can be synthesized quickly and with similarly high stepwise coupling efficiency as microarrays using conventional 3'→5' synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Hölz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia K Hoi
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive Aroma Compounds, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erika Schaudy
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Bioactive Aroma Compounds, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jory Lietard
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Mark M Somoza
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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32
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Gudem M, Hazra A. Intersystem Crossing Drives Photoisomerization in o-Nitrotoluene, a Model for Photolabile Caged Compounds. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:4845-4853. [PMID: 29733607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b03439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
o-Nitrobenzyl (oNB) derivatives are widely used photolabile caged compounds in chemical and biological applications. The primary step in the photoinduced deprotection is an excited state intramolecular hydrogen transfer (ESIHT) leading to tautomerization of the oNB compound and subsequent release of the protecting group. The prototype molecule for studying such ESIHT is o-nitrotoluene (oNT), where hydrogen transfers from the methyl to the nitro group. Using the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) method with second-order perturbative energy corrections (CASPT2), we have comprehensively investigated the photoisomerization and photo decay mechanisms in oNT. We have obtained the minimum energy crossing points (MECPs) between relevant electronic states and identified the singlet and triplet pathways. There is a barrierless path for oNT to relax to the lowest triplet state. In this T1 state, the ESIHT products are more stable than T1 oNT. Hydrogen-transfer occurs on the T1 state followed by relaxation to the ground state to give the isomerized product. A biradical intermediate proposed by previous studies is characterized to be the hydrogen-transferred T1 product. On the singlet pathway, in contrast to the triplet, the ground state tautomer is formed from the S1 oNT through a geometrically distant and energetically higher S1/S0 conical intersection. Although nonadiabatic dynamical studies are essential for determining branching ratios, our study, which considers the accessibility of different MECPs based on geometry and energy, and the magnitude of spin-orbit coupling at singlet-triplet MECPs, suggests that a significant fraction of the isomerization yield is due to the triplet channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Gudem
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411008 , Maharashtra , India
| | - Anirban Hazra
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune , Dr. Homi Bhabha Road , Pune 411008 , Maharashtra , India
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33
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Debiossac M, Schätti J, Kriegleder M, Geyer P, Shayeghi A, Mayor M, Arndt M, Köhler V. Tailored photocleavable peptides: fragmentation and neutralization pathways in high vacuum. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:11412-11417. [PMID: 29645042 PMCID: PMC5932999 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01058g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Photocleavable tags (PCTs) have the potential for excellent spatio-temporal control over the release of subunits of complex molecules. Here, we show that electrosprayed oligopeptides, functionalized by a tailored ortho-nitroarylether can undergo site-specific photo-activated cleavage under UV irradiation (266 nm) in high vacuum. The comparison of UV photodissociation (UVPD) and collision-induced dissociation (CID) points to the thermal nature of the cleavage mechanism, a picture corroborated by the temperature dependence of the process. Two competing photodissociation pathways can be identified. In one case a phenolate anion is separated from a neutral zwitterion. In the other case a neutral phenol derivative leaves a negatively charged peptide behind. To understand the factors favoring one channel over the other, we investigate the influence of the peptide length, the nature of the phenolic group and the position of the nitro-group (ortho vs. para). The observed gas phase cleavage of a para-nitro benzylic ether markedly differs from the established behavior in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Debiossac
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna , VCQ, Boltzmanngasse 5 , A-1090 Vienna , Austria .
| | - J. Schätti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 , CH-4058 Basel , Switzerland .
| | - M. Kriegleder
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna , VCQ, Boltzmanngasse 5 , A-1090 Vienna , Austria .
| | - P. Geyer
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna , VCQ, Boltzmanngasse 5 , A-1090 Vienna , Austria .
| | - A. Shayeghi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna , VCQ, Boltzmanngasse 5 , A-1090 Vienna , Austria .
| | - M. Mayor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 , CH-4058 Basel , Switzerland .
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 , D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen , Germany
- Lehn Institute of Functional Materials (LIFM), Sun Yat-Sen University (SYSU) , Xingang Rd. W. , Guangzhou , China
| | - M. Arndt
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna , VCQ, Boltzmanngasse 5 , A-1090 Vienna , Austria .
| | - V. Köhler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096 , CH-4058 Basel , Switzerland .
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34
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Jiménez-Balsa A, Pinto S, Quartin E, Lino MM, Francisco V, Ferreira L. Nanoparticles Conjugated with Photocleavable Linkers for the Intracellular Delivery of Biomolecules. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:1485-1489. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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35
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Eivgi O, Sutar RL, Reany O, Lemcoff NG. Bichromatic Photosynthesis of Coumarins by UV Filter-Enabled Olefin Metathesis. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Or Eivgi
- Department of Chemistry; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva Israel 84105
| | - Revannath L. Sutar
- Department of Chemistry; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva Israel 84105
- Avinoam Adam Department of Natural Sciences; The Open University of Israel; Ra'anana Israel 43537
| | - Ofer Reany
- Avinoam Adam Department of Natural Sciences; The Open University of Israel; Ra'anana Israel 43537
| | - N. Gabriel Lemcoff
- Department of Chemistry; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva Israel 84105
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Beer-Sheva Israel 84105
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36
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Du X, Jiang Y, Zhuo R, Jiang X. Thermosensitive and photocleavable polyaspartamide derivatives for drug delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Du
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Jiang
- Agrotechnology and Food Sciences; Wageningen University; PO Box 17 6700 AA Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Renxi Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 People's Republic of China
| | - Xulin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education and Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 People's Republic of China
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37
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Thomas SW, Pawle RH, Smith ZC. Stimuli-responsive side chains for new function from conjugated materials. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Shah L, Laughlin ST, Carrico IS. Light-Activated Staudinger-Bertozzi Ligation within Living Animals. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:5186-9. [PMID: 27010217 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ability to regulate small molecule chemistry in vivo will enable new avenues of exploration in imaging and pharmacology. However, realization of these goals will require reactions with high specificity and precise control. Here we demonstrate photocontrol over the highly specific Staudinger-Bertozzi ligation in vitro and in vivo. Our simple approach, photocaging the key phosphine atom, allows for the facile production of reagents with photochemistry that can be engineered for specific applications. The resulting compounds, which are both stable and efficiently activated, enable the spatial labeling of metabolically introduced azides in vitro and on live zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Shah
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, State University of New York Stony Brook , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Scott T Laughlin
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, State University of New York Stony Brook , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Isaac S Carrico
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Institute of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, State University of New York Stony Brook , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
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39
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Šolomek T, Wirz J, Klán P. Searching for Improved Photoreleasing Abilities of Organic Molecules. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:3064-72. [PMID: 26569596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Photoremovable protecting groups (PPGs) are chemical auxiliaries that provide spatial and temporal control over the release of various molecules: bioagents (neurotransmitters and cell-signaling molecules, Ca(2+) ions), acids, bases, oxidants, insecticides, pheromones, fragrances, etc. A major challenge for the improvement of PPGs lies in the development of organic chromophores that release the desired bioagents upon continuous irradiation at wavelengths above 650 nm, that is, in the tissue-transparent window. Understanding of the photorelease reaction mechanisms, investigated by laser flash photolysis and rationalized with the aid of quantum chemical calculations, allows for achieving this goal. In particular, simple Hückel calculations provide useful guidelines for designing new PPGs, because both the lowest excited singlet and triplet states of conjugated systems can be reasonably well described by a single electronic configuration formed by promotion of a single electron from the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) to the lowest unoccupied MO (LUMO) of the ground state configuration. Here we show that Hückel calculations permit rapid identification of common features in the nodal properties of the frontier orbitals of various chromophores that can be classified into distinct chromophore families. If the electronic excitation involves a substantial electron density transfer to an sp(2) carbon atom at which HOMO and LUMO are nearly disjoint, for example, by virtue of symmetry, favorable photoheterolysis can be expected when the corresponding atom carries a leaving group at the α-position. We show examples of photoheterolytic reactions that indicate that the efficiency of photoheterolysis diminishes for chromophores absorbing in the NIR region. We provide a rationale for more efficient photoheterolytic reactions occurring via the triplet state, and we demonstrate the advantages of this mechanistic pathway. Analogies in the structure-reactivity relationships of PPGs can therefore lead to new strategies for the development of more efficient NIR-absorbing photoremovable protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Šolomek
- Department
of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakob Wirz
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Petr Klán
- Department
of Chemistry and RECETOX, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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40
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Janett E, Bernardinelli Y, Müller D, Bochet CG. Synthesis of FMRFaNV, a Photoreleasable Caged Transmitter Designed to Study Neuron-Glia Interactions in the Central Nervous System. Bioconjug Chem 2015; 26:2408-18. [PMID: 26511675 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuroscience studies require technologies able to deliver compounds with both scale and timing compatibility with morphological and physiological synaptic properties. In this light, two-photon flash photolysis has been extensively used to successfully apply glutamate or other neurotransmitters at the synaptic level. However, the set of commercially available caged compounds is restricted and incompatible with studies demanding high cell specificity. The gain in cell specificity is especially relevant and challenging when studying neuron-glia interactions in the central nervous system. Here we develop a system to mimic the metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent response of astrocytes, a glial cell type, following synaptic glutamate release. For this, we expressed an exogeneous orphan Gq-coupled protein of the Mas-related-gene (Mrg) family in glial cells and generated an MrgR's agonist peptide (FMRFa) that was chemically caged with a nitroveratryl photolabile protecting group (NV). NV has an appropriate quantum yield and a high absorption maximum that makes it very adapted to experiments with very short irradiation time. This novel caged compound allowed the activation of MrgR with both single- and two-photon light sources. Indeed, MrgR activation induced calcium transients and morphological changes in astrocytes as described previously. Thus, FMRFaNV is a very promising tool to study neuron-glia interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Janett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg , Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Yann Bernardinelli
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Geneva , rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Müller
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Geneva , rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Christian G Bochet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg , Chemin du Musée 9, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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41
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Anstaett P, Leonidova A, Janett E, Bochet CG, Gasser G. Reply to Commentary by Trentham et al. on "Caged Phosphate and the Slips and Misses in Determination of Quantum Yields for Ultraviolet-A-Induced Photouncaging" by Gasser et al. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:1863-6. [PMID: 25989562 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Anstaett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich (Switzerland).
| | - Anna Leonidova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich (Switzerland)
| | - Elia Janett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg (Switzerland)
| | - Christian G Bochet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg (Switzerland).
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich (Switzerland).
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42
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Abstract
A protocol for the selective photoremoval of alcohol protecting groups modulated by the presence of auxiliary light absorbing molecules is presented. Thus, by this method, a single light source was used to selectively remove a specific protecting group in the presence of another chromophore with a lower molar absorption coefficient. The use of a molecular sunscreen, either internal or external, was found to be crucial to achieve high selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or Eivgi
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva, Israel , 84105
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43
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Smith ZC, Meyer DM, Simon MG, Staii C, Shukla D, Thomas SW. Thiophene-Based Conjugated Polymers with Photolabile Solubilizing Side Chains. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ma502289n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary C. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Dianne M. Meyer
- Kodak
Research Laboratories, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York 14650, United States
| | - Marc G. Simon
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Nanoscopic Physics, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Cristian Staii
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Nanoscopic Physics, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Deepak Shukla
- Kodak
Research Laboratories, Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York 14650, United States
| | - Samuel W. Thomas
- Department
of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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44
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Hu X, Shi J, Thomas SW. Photolabile ROMP gels using ortho-nitrobenzyl functionalized crosslinkers. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py00562k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The photosensitivity of ROMP gels to UV light is broadly tunable based on the structure of o-nitrobenzyl-derived crosslinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- Tufts University
- Medford
- USA
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Chemistry
- Brandeis University
- Waltham
- USA
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45
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Hansen MJ, Velema WA, Lerch MM, Szymanski W, Feringa BL. Wavelength-selective cleavage of photoprotecting groups: strategies and applications in dynamic systems. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:3358-77. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00118h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Wavelength-selective deprotection is an attractive method to control multiple functions in one system using light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickel J. Hansen
- Centre for Systems Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Willem A. Velema
- Centre for Systems Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Michael M. Lerch
- Centre for Systems Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Centre for Systems Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
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46
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Belov VN, Mitronova GY, Bossi ML, Boyarskiy VP, Hebisch E, Geisler C, Kolmakov K, Wurm CA, Willig KI, Hell SW. Masked rhodamine dyes of five principal colors revealed by photolysis of a 2-diazo-1-indanone caging group: synthesis, photophysics, and light microscopy applications. Chemistry 2014; 20:13162-73. [PMID: 25196166 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Caged rhodamine dyes (Rhodamines NN) of five basic colors were synthesized and used as "hidden" markers in subdiffractional and conventional light microscopy. These masked fluorophores with a 2-diazo-1-indanone group can be irreversibly photoactivated, either by irradiation with UV- or violet light (one-photon process), or by exposure to intense red light (λ∼750 nm; two-photon mode). All dyes possess a very small 2-diazoketone caging group incorporated into the 2-diazo-1-indanone residue with a quaternary carbon atom (C-3) and a spiro-9H-xanthene fragment. Initially they are non-colored (pale yellow), non-fluorescent, and absorb at λ=330-350 nm (molar extinction coefficient (ε)≈10(4) M(-1) cm(-1)) with a band edge that extends to about λ=440 nm. The absorption and emission bands of the uncaged derivatives are tunable over a wide range (λ=511-633 and 525-653 nm, respectively). The unmasked dyes are highly colored and fluorescent (ε=3-8×10(4) M(-1) cm(-1) and fluorescence quantum yields (ϕ)=40-85% in the unbound state and in methanol). By stepwise and orthogonal protection of carboxylic and sulfonic acid groups a highly water-soluble caged red-emitting dye with two sulfonic acid residues was prepared. Rhodamines NN were decorated with amino-reactive N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester groups, applied in aqueous buffers, easily conjugated with proteins, and readily photoactivated (uncaged) with λ=375-420 nm light or intense red light (λ=775 nm). Protein conjugates with optimal degrees of labeling (3-6) were prepared and uncaged with λ=405 nm light in aqueous buffer solutions (ϕ=20-38%). The photochemical cleavage of the masking group generates only molecular nitrogen. Some 10-40% of the non-fluorescent (dark) byproducts are also formed. However, they have low absorbance and do not quench the fluorescence of the uncaged dyes. Photoactivation of the individual molecules of Rhodamines NN (e.g., due to reversible or irreversible transition to a "dark" non-emitting state or photobleaching) provides multicolor images with subdiffractional optical resolution. The applicability of these novel caged fluorophores in super-resolution optical microscopy is exemplified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir N Belov
- NanoBiophotonics Department, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen (Germany), Fax: (+49) 551-201-2505.
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47
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Anstaett P, Leonidova A, Gasser G. Caged Phosphate and the Slips and Misses in Determination of Quantum Yields for Ultraviolet-A-Induced Photouncaging. Chemphyschem 2014; 16:1857-60. [PMID: 25158040 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201402547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The quantum yields for photouncaging reactions are mostly determined relative to other uncaging reactions, often using 1-(2-nitrophenyl)ethyl-phosphate ("caged phosphate"). Herein, we demonstrate that the quantum yields acquired by using this method can be off by an order of magnitude at the typical irradiation wavelengths around 350 nm and describe an easy-to-use alternative procedure using inexpensive azobenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Anstaett
- Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse, 190, 8057, Zurich (Switzerland)
| | - Anna Leonidova
- Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse, 190, 8057, Zurich (Switzerland)
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse, 190, 8057, Zurich (Switzerland).
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48
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Activity-dependent structural plasticity of perisynaptic astrocytic domains promotes excitatory synapse stability. Curr Biol 2014; 24:1679-88. [PMID: 25042585 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excitatory synapses in the CNS are highly dynamic structures that can show activity-dependent remodeling and stabilization in response to learning and memory. Synapses are enveloped with intricate processes of astrocytes known as perisynaptic astrocytic processes (PAPs). PAPs are motile structures displaying rapid actin-dependent movements and are characterized by Ca(2+) elevations in response to neuronal activity. Despite a debated implication in synaptic plasticity, the role of both Ca(2+) events in astrocytes and PAP morphological dynamics remain unclear. RESULTS In the hippocampus, we found that PAPs show extensive structural plasticity that is regulated by synaptic activity through astrocytic metabotropic glutamate receptors and intracellular calcium signaling. Synaptic activation that induces long-term potentiation caused a transient PAP motility increase leading to an enhanced astrocytic coverage of the synapse. Selective activation of calcium signals in individual PAPs using exogenous metabotropic receptor expression and two-photon uncaging reproduced these effects and enhanced spine stability. In vivo imaging in the somatosensory cortex of adult mice revealed that increased neuronal activity through whisker stimulation similarly elevates PAP movement. This in vivo PAP motility correlated with spine coverage and was predictive of spine stability. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies a novel bidirectional interaction between synapses and astrocytes, in which synaptic activity and synaptic potentiation regulate PAP structural plasticity, which in turn determines the fate of the synapse. This mechanism may represent an important contribution of astrocytes to learning and memory processes.
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49
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Šolomek T, Bochet CG, Bally T. The Primary Steps in Excited-State Hydrogen Transfer: The Phototautomerization ofo-Nitrobenzyl Derivatives. Chemistry 2014; 20:8062-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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50
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Kohl-Landgraf J, Buhr F, Lefrancois D, Mewes JM, Schwalbe H, Dreuw A, Wachtveitl J. Mechanism of the Photoinduced Uncaging Reaction of Puromycin Protected by a 6-Nitroveratryloxycarbonyl Group. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:3430-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja410594y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Kohl-Landgraf
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Florian Buhr
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Daniel Lefrancois
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan-Michael Mewes
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Harald Schwalbe
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Josef Wachtveitl
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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