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Bhaduri SN, Ghosh D, Chatterjee S, Biswas R, Bhaumik A, Biswas P. Fe(III)-incorporated porphyrin-based conjugated organic polymer as a peroxidase mimic for the sensitive determination of glucose and H 2O 2. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8956-8965. [PMID: 37671527 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00977g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes, i.e., nanomaterials that possess intrinsic enzyme-like behaviour, have thrived over the past few decades owing to their advantages of superior stability and effortless storage. Such artificial enzymes can be a perfect alternative to naturally occurring enzymes, which have disadvantages of high cost and limited functionality. In this work, we present the fabrication of an Fe(III)-incorporated porphyrin-based conjugated organic polymer as a nanozyme for the efficient detection of glucose through its intrinsic peroxidase activity and the amperometric detection of hydrogen peroxide. The iron-incorporated porphyrin-based conjugated organic polymer (Fe-DMP-POR) possesses a spherical morphology with high chemical and thermal stability. Exploiting the peroxidase-mimicking activity of the material for the determination of glucose, a detection limit of 4.84 μM is achieved with a linear range of 0-0.15 mM. The Fe-DMP-POR also exhibits a reasonable recovery range for the detection of human blood glucose. The as-synthesized material can also act as an H2O2 sensor, with a sensitivity of 947.67 μA cm-2 mM-1 and a limit of detection of 3.16 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanka Narayan Bhaduri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, West Bengal, India.
| | - Debojit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sauvik Chatterjee
- School of Material Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Rima Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, West Bengal, India.
| | - Asim Bhaumik
- School of Material Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Papu Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, West Bengal, India.
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2
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A pyrene-based ratiometric fluorescent probe with a large Stokes shift for selective detection of hydrogen peroxide in living cells. J Pharm Anal 2020; 10:490-497. [PMID: 33133733 PMCID: PMC7591780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays a significant role in regulating a variety of biological processes. Dysregulation of H2O2 can lead to various diseases. Although numerous fluorescent imaging probes for H2O2 have been reported, the development of H2O2 ratiometric fluorescent probe with large Stokes shift remains rather limited. Such probes have shown distinct advantages, such as minimized interference from environment and improved signal-to noise ratio. In this work, we reported a new pyrene-based compound Py-VPB as H2O2 fluorescent probe in vitro. The probe demonstrated ratiometric detection behavior, large Stokes shift and large emission shift. In addition, the probe showed high sensitivity and selectivity towards H2O2 in vitro. Based on these excellent properties, we successfully applied Py-VPB to the visualization of exogenous and endogenous H2O2 in living cells. Cell imaging study also showed that our probe was localized in the mitochondria. We envision that the probe can provide a useful tool for unmasking the biological roles of mitochondrial H2O2 in living systems. The first pyrene-based fluorescent probe for H2O2 detection with ratiometric readout was presented. The probe has shown prominent properties in detecting H2O2, such as high sensitivity & selectivity and large Stokes shift. The probe was successfully applied to visualizing exogenous and endogenous H2O2 in living cells.
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3
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Fabrication of core-shell magnetic covalent organic frameworks composites and their application for highly sensitive detection of luteolin. Talanta 2020; 213:120843. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Dong Y, Chen Q, Cheng X, Li H, Chen J, Zhang X, Kuang Q, Xie Z. Optimization of gold-palladium core-shell nanowires towards H 2O 2 reduction by adjusting shell thickness. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:785-791. [PMID: 36133255 PMCID: PMC9417247 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00726a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Designable bimetallic core-shell nanoparticles exhibit superb performance in many fields including industrial catalysis, energy conversion and chemical sensing, due to their outstanding properties associated with their tunable electronic structure. Herein, Au-Pd core-shell (AurichPd@AuPdrich) nanowires (NWs) were synthesized through a one-pot facile chemical reduction method in the presence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant. The thickness of the Pd shell could be adjusted by directly controlling the Au/Pd feeding ratio while maintaining the nanowire morphology. The as-obtained Au75Pd25 core-shell NWs with a thin Pdrich shell showed significantly enhanced activities towards the reduction of hydrogen peroxide with the sensitivity reaching 338 μA cm-2 mM-1 and a linear range up to 10 mM. In sum, Pd shell thickness could be used to adjust the electronic structure, thereby optimizing the catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Qiaoli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
- College of Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China
| | - Xiqing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Huiqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Xibo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Qin Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxiong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China
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Peng M, Zhao Y, Chen D, Tan Y. Free‐Standing 3D Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Peng
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
| | - Dechao Chen
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
| | - Yongwen Tan
- College of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan University Changsha Hunan 410082 P. R. China
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Zhang J, Shi L, Li Z, Li D, Tian X, Zhang C. Near-infrared fluorescence probe for hydrogen peroxide detection: design, synthesis, and application in living systems. Analyst 2019; 144:3643-3648. [PMID: 31073567 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00385a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Using fluorescent probes to detect endogenous hydrogen peroxide, which is associated with many diseases in the human body, remains an essential technique. Cyanine fluorochromes are a class of dyes that have attracted much attention and are widely used in the synthesis of fluorescent probes. In this article, a novel near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence probe for the detection of hydrogen peroxide was constructed and successfully applied to imaging endogenous hydrogen peroxide in vivo. Notably, probe 1 was designed by connecting 4-(bromomethyl)benzeneboronic acid pinacol ester as the sensing unit to the IR-780 hemicyanine skeleton, which exhibits excellent properties like NIR fluorescence emission over 700 nm. Probe 1 has satisfactory sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide with a low detection limit of 0.14 μM (S/N = 3), attributed to a responding mechanism that leads to the oxidation of phenylboronic acid pinacol ester and thereby releases fluorophore 2. Moreover, probe 1 displays excellent selectivity towards hydrogen peroxide over other substances. Taking advantage of these properties, the probe proved to be cell-permeable. Based on the results of N-acetylcysteine and rotenone together, probe 1 is capable of clearly visualizing endogenously produced hydrogen peroxide in living HepG2 cells and mice. The superior performance of the probe, as a reliable chemical tool, makes it of great potential application for exploring the role played by hydrogen peroxide in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahang Zhang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
| | - Liang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
| | - Dongyu Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
| | - Xinwei Tian
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
| | - Chengxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
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Li M, Zhai C, Wang S, Huang W, Liu Y, Li Z. Detection of carboxylesterase by a novel hydrosoluble near-infrared fluorescence probe. RSC Adv 2019; 9:40689-40693. [PMID: 35542681 PMCID: PMC9076276 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08150j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel hydrosoluble near-infrared fluorescence off–on probe has been developed for detecting carboxylesterase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Li
- Nutrition & Health Research Institute
- COFCO Corporation
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nutrition & Health and Food Safety
- Beijing 102209
- China
| | - Chen Zhai
- Nutrition & Health Research Institute
- COFCO Corporation
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nutrition & Health and Food Safety
- Beijing 102209
- China
| | - Shuya Wang
- Nutrition & Health Research Institute
- COFCO Corporation
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nutrition & Health and Food Safety
- Beijing 102209
- China
| | - Weixia Huang
- Nutrition & Health Research Institute
- COFCO Corporation
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nutrition & Health and Food Safety
- Beijing 102209
- China
| | - Yunguo Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Xinjiang University
- Urumqi 830002
- China
| | - Zhao Li
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710062
- China
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Zhang R, Zhang Y, Deng X, Sun S, Li Y. A novel dual-signal electrochemical sensor for bisphenol A determination by coupling nanoporous gold leaf and self-assembled cyclodextrin. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
Recent progress in the electrochemical field enabled development of miniaturized sensing devices that can be used in biological settings to obtain fundamental and practical biochemically relevant information on physiology, metabolism, and disease states in living systems. Electrochemical sensors and biosensors have demonstrated potential for rapid, real-time measurements of biologically relevant molecules. This chapter provides an overview of the most recent advances in the development of miniaturized sensors for biological investigations in living systems, with focus on the detection of neurotransmitters and oxidative stress markers. The design of electrochemical (bio)sensors, including their detection mechanism and functionality in biological systems, is described as well as their advantages and limitations. Application of these sensors to studies in live cells, embryonic development, and rodent models is discussed.
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10
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An enhanced sensitivity towards H2O2 reduction based on a novel Cu metal–organic framework and acetylene black modified electrode. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Non-enzymatic sensors based on in situ laser-induced synthesis of copper-gold and gold nano-sized microstructures. Talanta 2017; 167:201-207. [PMID: 28340711 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of conductive gold and copper-gold microstructures with high developed surface based on the method of laser-induced metal deposition from solution was developed. The topology and crystallization phase of these structures were observed by means of scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The electrochemical properties of the synthesized materials were investigated using cyclic voltamperometry and amperometry. According to the obtained results, it was found out that copper-gold microstructures demonstrate a linear dependence of Faraday current vs. concentration from 0.025 to 5µM for D-glucose and from 0.025 to 10µM for hydrogen peroxide. In turn, gold deposit exhibits a linear dependence of Faraday current vs. concentration from 0.025 to 50µM for D-glucose and from 0.025 to 1µM for hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, the synthesized materials reveal low detection limits (0.025µM) with respect to the aforementioned analytes, which is quite promising for their potential application in design and fabrication of new non-enzymatic biosensors.
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Gopalan A, Muthuchamy N, Komathi S, Lee KP. A novel multicomponent redox polymer nanobead based high performance non-enzymatic glucose sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 84:53-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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13
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Xu Z, Yang L, Xu C. Pt@UiO-66 Heterostructures for Highly Selective Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide with an Extended Linear Range. Anal Chem 2015; 87:3438-44. [DOI: 10.1021/ac5047278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic
Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure
Design Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lizi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic
Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure
Design Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cailing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic
Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure
Design Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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14
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Ly NH, Cho KH, Joo SW. Gold Nanoparticle-based Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering Fe(III) Ion Sensor. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Hoang Ly
- Department of Chemistry; Soongsil University; Seoul 156-743 South Korea
| | - Kwang-Hwi Cho
- School of Systems Biomedical Science; Seoul 156-743 Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Joo
- Department of Chemistry; Soongsil University; Seoul 156-743 South Korea
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Lv C, Di W, Liu Z, Zheng K, Qin W. Luminescent CePO4:Tb colloids for H2O2and glucose sensing. Analyst 2014; 139:4547-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00952e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Prabhu P, Babu RS, Narayanan SS. Synergetic effect of Prussian blue film with gold nanoparticle graphite–wax composite electrode for the enzyme-free ultrasensitive hydrogen peroxide sensor. J Solid State Electrochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-013-2288-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Liu H, Cui Y, Li P, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Tang Y, Chen Y, Lu T. Iron(III) diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid complex on polyallylamine functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes: immobilization, direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis. Analyst 2013; 138:2647-53. [PMID: 23486722 DOI: 10.1039/c3an00113j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A nonenzymatic iron(III) diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Fe(III)-DETPA) complex based amperometric sensor for the analytical determination of hydrogen peroxide was developed. By combining the electrostatic interaction between the Fe(III)-DETPA complex and polyallylamine (PAH) functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as well as the ionotropic crosslinking interaction between PAH and ethylenediamine-tetramethylene phosphonic acid (EDTMP), the electroactive Fe(III)-DETPA complex was successfully incorporated within the MWCNT matrix, and firmly immobilized on the Au substrate electrode. The fabricated electrochemical sensor was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electrochemical methods. The influences of solution pH and ionic strength on the electrochemical sensor were investigated. The prepared electrochemical sensor had a fast response to hydrogen peroxide (<3 s) and an excellent linear range of concentration from 1.25 × 10(-8) to 4.75 × 10(-3) M with a detection limit of 6.3 × 10(-9) M under the optimum conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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Advances in enzyme-free electrochemical sensors for hydrogen peroxide, glucose, and uric acid. Mikrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-013-1098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Direct electrochemistry of hemoglobin immobilized on the water-soluble phosphonate functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and its application to nitric oxide biosensing. Talanta 2013; 115:228-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.03.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Revised: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Liu H, Cui Y, Li P, Zhou Y, Chen Y, Tang Y, Lu T. Polyphosphonate induced coacervation of chitosan: Encapsulation of proteins/enzymes and their biosensing. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 776:24-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
Nanoporous gold prepared by dealloying Au:Ag alloys has recently become an attractive material in the field of analytical chemistry. This conductive material has an open, 3D porous framework consisting of nanosized pores and ligaments with surface areas that are 10s to 100s of times larger than planar gold of an equivalent geometric area. The high surface area coupled with an open pore network makes nanoporous gold an ideal support for the development of chemical sensors. Important attributes include conductivity, high surface area, ease of preparation and modification, tunable pore size, and a bicontinuous open pore network. In this paper, the fabrication, characterization, and applications of nanoporous gold in chemical sensing are reviewed specifically as they relate to the development of immunosensors, enzyme-based biosensors, DNA sensors, Raman sensors, and small molecule sensors.
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23
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Fabrication of phosphonate functionalized platinum nanoclusters and their application in hydrogen peroxide sensing in the presence of oxygen. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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