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Kalluri A, Dharmadhikari B, Debnath D, Patra P, Kumar CV. Advances in Structural Modifications and Properties of Graphene Quantum Dots for Biomedical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:21358-21376. [PMID: 37360447 PMCID: PMC10286289 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are carbon-based, zero-dimensional nanomaterials and unique due to their astonishing optical, electronic, chemical, and biological properties. Chemical, photochemical, and biochemical properties of GQDs are intensely being explored for bioimaging, biosensing, and drug delivery. The synthesis of GQDs by top-down and bottom-up approaches, their chemical functionalization, bandgap engineering, and biomedical applications are reviewed here. Current challenges and future perspectives of GQDs are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankarao Kalluri
- Department
of Material Science, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Molecular and Cell
Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Bhushan Dharmadhikari
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Technology, Minnesota State University, Mankato, Minnesota 56001, USA
| | - Debika Debnath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of
Mechanical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, Connecticut 06604, USA
| | - Prabir Patra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of
Mechanical Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, Connecticut 06604, USA
| | - Challa Vijaya Kumar
- Department
of Material Science, Department of Chemistry, and Department of Molecular and Cell
Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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2
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Xie Z, Xiao G, Zeng X, Yang M, Yao J. Ion-exchange synthesis Ag@Bi2WO6/FeWO4 nanosheet with white-LED-light-driven for efficient activation of peroxymonosulfate: synthesis, characterization, and mechanism. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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3
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Passaretti P. Graphene Oxide and Biomolecules for the Production of Functional 3D Graphene-Based Materials. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:774097. [PMID: 35372519 PMCID: PMC8965154 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.774097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives have been widely employed in the manufacturing of novel composite nanomaterials which find applications across the fields of physics, chemistry, engineering and medicine. There are many techniques and strategies employed for the production, functionalization, and assembly of graphene with other organic and inorganic components. These are characterized by advantages and disadvantages related to the nature of the specific components involved. Among many, biomolecules and biopolymers have been extensively studied and employed during the last decade as building blocks, leading to the realization of graphene-based biomaterials owning unique properties and functionalities. In particular, biomolecules like nucleic acids, proteins and enzymes, as well as viruses, are of particular interest due to their natural ability to self-assemble via non-covalent interactions forming extremely complex and dynamic functional structures. The capability of proteins and nucleic acids to bind specific targets with very high selectivity or the ability of enzymes to catalyse specific reactions, make these biomolecules the perfect candidates to be combined with graphenes, and in particular graphene oxide, to create novel 3D nanostructured functional biomaterials. Furthermore, besides the ease of interaction between graphene oxide and biomolecules, the latter can be produced in bulk, favouring the scalability of the resulting nanostructured composite materials. Moreover, due to the presence of biological components, graphene oxide-based biomaterials are more environmentally friendly and can be manufactured more sustainably compared to other graphene-based materials assembled with synthetic and inorganic components. This review aims to provide an overview of the state of the art of 3D graphene-based materials assembled using graphene oxide and biomolecules, for the fabrication of novel functional and scalable materials and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Passaretti
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, School of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Paolo Passaretti,
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4
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Exploring pH dependent delivery of 5-fluorouracil from functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 205:111823. [PMID: 34098368 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can be applied for pH-sensitive delivery of anticancer drugs. Due to the importance of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in different tumor therapy regimens, it has been widely used in different pH dependent drug delivery systems. To investigate the pH effects on loading (and release) of 5-FU on (and from) the functionalized MWCNTs and propose the optimum condition for drug delivery, both macroscopic and microscopic studies were carried out using chromatography and molecular dynamic simulation at different conditions. For both levels of studies, different analytical approaches were performed to assess the validity of the methods. The experimental results revealed that 5-FU has more binding affinity to the surface of the nanocarrier at physiological pH (pH = 7.4) and showed more release at acidic conditions (pH = 5.0). Meanwhile it has been observed that basic pH (pH = 9.0) can lead to a dramatic decrease effect on loading of the drug. The results of this study can be used to suggest the optimum pH levels for nanocarbon based formulations of 5-FU in cancer therapy.
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Yao J, Wang L. Graphene quantum dots as nanosensor for rapid and label-free dual detection of Cu 2+ and tiopronin by means of fluorescence “on–off–on” switching: mechanism and molecular logic gate. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01908b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
(A) Schematic diagram of the interaction and dual detection of Cu2+ and MPG by means of fluorescence “on–off–on” switching. (B) Molecular logic gate and truth table constructed based on Cu2+ and MPG as inputs and emission signal as output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
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6
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Gedda MR, Madhukar P, Vishwakarma AK, Verma V, Kushwaha AK, Yadagiri G, Mudavath SL, Singh OP, Srivastava ON, Sundar S. Evaluation of Safety and Antileishmanial Efficacy of Amine Functionalized Carbon-Based Composite Nanoparticle Appended With Amphotericin B: An in vitro and Preclinical Study. Front Chem 2020; 8:510. [PMID: 32719770 PMCID: PMC7350933 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been a major health concern in the developing world, primarily affecting impoverished people. It is caused by a protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani and is characterized by immune dysfunction that can lead to deadly secondary infections. Several adverse side effects limit the existing treatment options; hence, the need of the hour is some drug option with high efficacy and no toxicity. To make targeted delivery of Amphotericin B (AmB), we have used amine-functionalized versions of carbon nanostructures, namely f-CNT and f-Graphene (f-Grap). The results with f-Grap-AmB, because of a much larger surface area, were expected to be better. However, the results obtained by us showed only marginal improvement (IC50 f-Grap-AmB; 0.0038 ± 0.00119 μg/mL). This is, in all likelihood, due to the agglomeration effect of f-Grap-AmB, which is invariably obtained with graphene. To resolve this issue, we have synthesized a graphene-CNT composite (graphene 70% and CNT 30% by weight). Because CNT is dispersed in between graphene sheets, the agglomeration effect is avoided, and our study suggests that the f-Composite-AmB (f-Comp-AmB) showed no toxicity against the murine J774A.1 macrophage cell line and did not induce any hepatic or renal toxicity in Swiss albino mice. The f-Comp-AmB also showed a remarkable elevation in the in vitro and in vivo antileishmanial efficacy in comparison to AmB and f-CNT-AmB or f-Grap-AmB in J774A.1 and Golden Syrian hamsters, respectively. Additionally, we have also observed that the percentage suppression of parasite replication in the spleen of the hamster was significantly higher in the f-Comp-AmB (97.79 ± 0.2375) treated group in comparison with the AmB (85.66 ± 1.164) treated group of hamsters. To conclude, f-Comp-AmB could be a safe and reliable therapeutic option over the other carbon-based nanoparticles (NPs), i.e., f-CNT-AmB, f-Grap-AmB, and conventional AmB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna Rao Gedda
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Prasoon Madhukar
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Vimal Verma
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anurag Kumar Kushwaha
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ganesh Yadagiri
- Infectious Disease Biology Laboratory, Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Mohali, India
| | - Shyam Lal Mudavath
- Infectious Disease Biology Laboratory, Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Mohali, India
| | - Om Prakash Singh
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Onkar Nath Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Shyam Sundar
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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7
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Eckhart KE, Holt BD, Laurencin MG, Sydlik SA. Covalent conjugation of bioactive peptides to graphene oxide for biomedical applications. Biomater Sci 2020; 7:3876-3885. [PMID: 31309944 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00867e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a valuable material in biomedical implant applications due to its mechanical integrity, long-range order, and conductivity; but graphene must be chemically modified to increase biocompatibility and maximize functionality in the body. Here, we developed a foundational synthetic method for covalently functionalizing a reduced GO with bioactive molecules, focusing on synthetic peptides that have shown osteogenic or neurogenic capability as a prototypical example. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy provides evidence that the peptide is covalently linked to the graphenic backbone. These peptide-graphene (Pep-G) conjugate materials can be processed into mechanically robust, three-dimensional constructs. Differences in their electrostatic charges allow the Pep-G conjugates to form self-assembled, layer-by-layer coatings. Further, the Pep-G conjugates are cytocompatible and electrically conductive, leading us to investigate their potential as regenerative scaffolds, as conductive surfaces can stimulate bone and nerve regeneration. Notably, PC12 cells grown on an electrically stimulated Pep-G scaffold demonstrated enhanced adhesion and neurite outgrowth compared to the control. The functionalization strategy developed here can be used to conjugate a wide variety of bioactive molecules to graphene oxide to create cell-instructive surfaces for biomedical scaffold materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline E Eckhart
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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8
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Tu Z, Guday G, Adeli M, Haag R. Multivalent Interactions between 2D Nanomaterials and Biointerfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706709. [PMID: 29900600 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
2D nanomaterials, particularly graphene, offer many fascinating physicochemical properties that have generated exciting visions of future biological applications. In order to capitalize on the potential of 2D nanomaterials in this field, a full understanding of their interactions with biointerfaces is crucial. The uptake pathways, toxicity, long-term fate of 2D nanomaterials in biological systems, and their interactions with the living systems are fundamental questions that must be understood. Here, the latest progress is summarized, with a focus on pathogen, mammalian cell, and tissue interactions. The cellular uptake pathways of graphene derivatives will be discussed, along with health risks, and interactions with membranes-including bacteria and viruses-and the role of chemical structure and modifications. Other novel 2D nanomaterials with potential biomedical applications, such as transition-metal dichalcogenides, transition-metal oxide, and black phosphorus will be discussed at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxu Tu
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guy Guday
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, 68151-44316, Khoramabad, Iran
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Gu M, Lv L, Du F, Niu T, Chen T, Xia D, Wang S, Zhao X, Liu J, Liu Y, Xiong C, Zhou Y. Effects of thermal treatment on the adhesion strength and osteoinductive activity of single-layer graphene sheets on titanium substrates. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8141. [PMID: 29802306 PMCID: PMC5970187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26551-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, dental implants have become the preferred approach for the restoration of missing teeth. At present, most dental implants are made of pure titanium, and are affected by peri-implantitis and bone resorption, which usually start from the implant neck, due to the complex environment in this region. To address these issues, in this study we modified the surface of titanium (Ti) implants to exploit the antibacterial and osteoinductive effects of single-layer graphene sheets. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown single-layer graphene sheets were transferred to titanium discs, and a method for improving the adhesion strength of graphene on Ti was developed due to compromised adhesion strength between graphene and titanium surface. A thermal treatment of 2 h at 160 °C was found to enhance the adhesion strength of graphene on Ti to facilitate clinical transformation. Graphene coatings of Ti enhanced cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation, and imparted antibacterial activity to Ti substrate; these favorable effects were not affected by the thermal treatment. In summary, the present study elucidated the effects of a thermal treatment on the adhesion strength and osteoinductive activity of single-layer graphene sheets on titanium substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Longwei Lv
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Feng Du
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Tianxiao Niu
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Dandan Xia
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Siyi Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Jianzhang Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China. .,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Chunyang Xiong
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Beijing, 100081, PR China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
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10
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Foroutan T, Nazemi N, Tavana M, Kassaee MZ, Motamedi E, Soieshargh S, Zare Zardini H. Suspended graphene oxide nanoparticle for accelerated multilayer osteoblast attachment. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:293-303. [PMID: 28891194 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mimicking bone tissues having layered structures is still a significant challenge because of the lack of technologies to assemble osteoblast cell types into bone structures. One of the promising and attractive materials in biomedical and different engineering fields is graphene and graphene-based nanostructures such as graphene oxide (GO) because of their unique properties. In most studies, GO was synthesized using chemical vapor deposition method, and was coated on the substrate. In this study, we proposed a simple technique for assembly of cells that facilitates the construction of osteoblast-like structures using suspended GO synthesized by graphite powder, H2 SO4 , and KMnO4 .Toxicity effects of GO on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) derived from bone marrow were analyzed. In addition to normal MSCs, toxicity effects of GO on human cancer cell line saos-2 as an abnormal cell line that possess several osteoblastic features, was examined. The attachment and expression of osteoblast cells genes were evaluated after differentiation of MSCs to osteoblast cells in presence of suspended GO by scanning electron microscopy and real time PCR. We found that the toxicity effects of GO are dose dependent and in oseogenic medium containing suspended GO the expression level of osteoblast genes osteopontin and osteocalcin and cell adhesion markers connexin were higher than control group. Interestingly, through this method GO was found to induce multilayer osteoblast cell morphology and enhance the number of cell layer. We expect that the presented method would become a highly useful approach for bone tissue engineering. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 293-303, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Foroutan
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Nazemi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Tavana
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zaman Kassaee
- Departments of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elaheh Motamedi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Shima Soieshargh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Zare Zardini
- Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
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11
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Tian Z, Huang L, Pei X, Chen J, Wang T, Yang T, Qin H, Sui L, Wang J. Electrochemical synthesis of three-dimensional porous reduced graphene oxide film: Preparation and in vitro osteogenic activity evaluation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 155:150-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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Rungnim C, Chanajaree R, Rungrotmongkol T, Hannongbua S, Kungwan N, Wolschann P, Karpfen A, Parasuk V. How strong is the edge effect in the adsorption of anticancer drugs on a graphene cluster? J Mol Model 2016; 22:85. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-2937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ferreira FV, Cividanes LDS, Brito FS, de Menezes BRC, Franceschi W, Simonetti EAN, Thim GP. Functionalization of Graphene and Applications. FUNCTIONALIZING GRAPHENE AND CARBON NANOTUBES 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-35110-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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14
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Kerativitayanan P, Carrow JK, Gaharwar AK. Nanomaterials for Engineering Stem Cell Responses. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:1600-27. [PMID: 26010739 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in nanotechnology has stimulated the development of multifunctional biomaterials for tissue engineering applications. Synergistic interactions between nanomaterials and stem cell engineering offer numerous possibilities to address some of the daunting challenges in regenerative medicine, such as controlling trigger differentiation, immune reactions, limited supply of stem cells, and engineering complex tissue structures. Specifically, the interactions between stem cells and their microenvironment play key roles in controlling stem cell fate, which underlines therapeutic success. However, the interactions between nanomaterials and stem cells are not well understood, and the effects of the nanomaterials shape, surface morphology, and chemical functionality on cellular processes need critical evaluation. In this Review, focus is put on recent development in nanomaterial-stem cell interactions, with specific emphasis on their application in regenerative medicine. Further, the emerging technologies based on nanomaterials developed over the past decade for stem cell engineering are reviewed, as well as the potential applications of these nanomaterials in tissue regeneration, stem cell isolation, and drug/gene delivery. It is anticipated that the enhanced understanding of nanomaterial-stem cell interactions will facilitate improved biomaterial design for a range of biomedical and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James K. Carrow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Texas A&M University; College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Akhilesh K. Gaharwar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Texas A&M University; College Station TX 77843 USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Texas A&M University; College Station TX 77843 USA
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15
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Garg B, Sung CH, Ling YC. Graphene-based nanomaterials as molecular imaging agents. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 7:737-58. [PMID: 25857851 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging (MI) is a noninvasive, real-time visualization of biochemical events at the cellular and molecular level within tissues, living cells, and/or intact objects that can be advantageously applied in the areas of diagnostics, therapeutics, drug discovery, and development in understanding the nanoscale reactions including enzymatic conversions and protein-protein interactions. Consequently, over the years, great advancement has been made in the development of a variety of MI agents such as peptides, aptamers, antibodies, and various nanomaterials (NMs) including single-walled carbon nanotubes. Recently, graphene, a material popularized by Geim & Novoselov, has ignited considerable research efforts to rationally design and execute a wide range of graphene-based NMs making them an attractive platform for developing highly sensitive MI agents. Owing to their exceptional physicochemical and biological properties combined with desirable surface engineering, graphene-based NMs offer stable and tunable visible emission, small hydrodynamic size, low toxicity, and high biocompatibility and thus have been explored for in vitro and in vivo imaging applications as a promising alternative of traditional imaging agents. This review begins by describing the intrinsic properties of graphene and the key MI modalities. After which, we provide an overview on the recent advances in the design and development as well as physicochemical properties of the different classes of graphene-based NMs (graphene-dye conjugates, graphene-antibody conjugates, graphene-nanoparticle composites, and graphene quantum dots) being used as MI agents for potential applications including theranostics. Finally, the major challenges and future directions in the field will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Garg
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Hsun Sung
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yong-Chien Ling
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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16
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Abdelhamid HN, Wu HF. Synthesis of a highly dispersive sinapinic acid@graphene oxide (SA@GO) and its applications as a novel surface assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry for proteomics and pathogenic bacteria biosensing. Analyst 2015; 140:1555-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an02158d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
GO-modified sinapinic acid was synthesized and characterized; it was then investigated for use in SALDI-MS for proteomics and pathogenic bacterial biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Nasser Abdelhamid
- Department of Chemistry
- National Sun Yat-Sen University
- Kaohsiung
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Hui-Fen Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- National Sun Yat-Sen University
- Kaohsiung
- Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy
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17
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Khoshfetrat SM, Mehrgardi MA. Amplified electrochemical genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms using a graphene–gold nanoparticles modified glassy carbon platform. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra03794h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A triple signal amplification strategy for the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyping is reported using the graphene–gold nanoparticles (GR–AuNPs) as a sensitive platform and monobase-modified silver and gold nanoparticles (M-NPs).
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Sereshti H, Samadi S, Asgari S, Karimi M. Preparation and application of magnetic graphene oxide coated with a modified chitosan pH-sensitive hydrogel: an efficient biocompatible adsorbent for catechin. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11572d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A MSPE method using a pH-sensitive green chitosan-based adsorbent coupled with GC-MS was developed for determination of catechin in tea samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Sereshti
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Soheila Samadi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Shohreh Asgari
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Maryam Karimi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
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19
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Puértolas J, Kurtz S. Evaluation of carbon nanotubes and graphene as reinforcements for UHMWPE-based composites in arthroplastic applications: A review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 39:129-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gu M, Liu Y, Chen T, Du F, Zhao X, Xiong C, Zhou Y. Is graphene a promising nano-material for promoting surface modification of implants or scaffold materials in bone tissue engineering? TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2014; 20:477-91. [PMID: 24447041 PMCID: PMC4186769 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2013.0638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering promises to restore bone defects that are caused by severe trauma, congenital malformations, tumors, and nonunion fractures. How to effectively promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or seed cells has become a hot topic in this field. Many researchers are studying the ways of conferring a pro-osteodifferentiation or osteoinductive capability on implants or scaffold materials, where osteogenesis of seed cells is promoted. Graphene (G) provides a new kind of coating material that may confer the pro-osteodifferentiation capability on implants and scaffold materials by surface modification. Here, we review recent studies on the effects of graphene on surface modifications of implants or scaffold materials. The ability of graphene to improve the mechanical and biological properties of implants or scaffold materials, such as nitinol and carbon nanotubes, and its ability to promote the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs or osteoblasts have been demonstrated in several studies. Most previous studies were performed in vitro, but further studies will explore the mechanisms of graphene's effects on bone regeneration, its in vivo biocompatibility, its ability to promote osteodifferentiation, and its potential applications in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Feng Du
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xianghui Zhao
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chunyang Xiong
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
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Mudavath SL, Talat M, Rai M, Srivastava ON, Sundar S. Characterization and evaluation of amine-modified graphene amphotericin B for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis: in vivo and in vitro studies. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:1235-47. [PMID: 25214767 PMCID: PMC4159315 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s63994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Amphotericin B (AmB) has been the first-line treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a neglected protozoan disease, especially in regions like Bihar, India, where resistance to antimonials is widespread. However, adverse drug reactions are a major limiting factor. We evaluated a novel formulation of AmB conjugated to amine-modified graphene (f-Gr) for safety and efficacy over conventional AmB. The f-Gr was prepared in a gentle one-step process of noncovalent (amine) functionalization with the help of amino acid L-cysteine. This f-Gr was further conjugated to AmB by peptide bond. The conjugate (f-Gr-AmB) was characterized by Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. f-Gr-AmB was found to exhibit lesser cytotoxicity toward J774A.1 cells than AmB, and did not induce any hepatic or renal toxicity in Swiss albino mice. In vitro antileishmanial assay in J774A.1 cells showed significantly enhanced efficacy of f-Gr-AmB over AmB. Furthermore, percentage inhibition of amastigote replication in a hamster model of VL was significantly higher in the f-Gr-AmB treated group (87.8%) compared to the AmB group (70.4%). These results suggest that f-Gr-AmB could be a safe and effective alternative to conventional AmB in the treatment of VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Lal Mudavath
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mahe Talat
- Nanoscience Unit, Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Madhukar Rai
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Shyam Sundar
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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22
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Tatavarty R, Ding H, Lu G, Taylor RJ, Bi X. Synergistic acceleration in the osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells by graphene oxide-calcium phosphate nanocomposites. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:8484-7. [PMID: 24891127 PMCID: PMC4090284 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02442g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposites consisting of oblong ultrathin plate shaped calcium phosphate nanoparticles and graphene oxide microflakes were synthesized and have demonstrated markedly synergistic effect in accelerating stem cell differentiation to osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameshwar Tatavarty
- Department of Nanomedicine and Biomedical Engineering, the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1881 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
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Mulvaney SP, Stine R, Long NC, Tamanaha CR, Sheehan PE. Graphene veils: A versatile surface chemistry for sensors. Biotechniques 2014; 57:21-30. [DOI: 10.2144/000114188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Thin spun-coat films (∼4 nm thick) of graphene oxide (GO) constitute a versatile surface chemistry compatible with a broad range of technologically important sensor materials. Countless publications are dedicated to the nuances of surface chemistries that have been developed for sensors, with almost every material having unique characteristics. There would be enormous value in a surface chemistry that could be applied generally with functionalization and passivation already optimized regardless of the sensor material it covered. Such a film would need to be thin, conformal, and allow for multiple routes toward covalent linkages. It is also vital that the film permit the underlying sensor to transduce. Here we show that GO films can be applied over a diverse set of sensor surfaces, can link biomolecules through multiple reaction pathways, and can support cell growth. Application of a graphene veil atop a magnetic sensor array is demonstrated with an immunoassay. We also present biosensing and material characterization data for these graphene veils.
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Liu R, Zhao W, Zhang T, Yang L, Zhou Z, Qi S. Size-dependent thermal decomposition and kinetics of ultrafine alkali metal styphnates. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05947f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The styphnate of smaller size possesses lower decomposition temperature and higher reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhao
- School of Mechatronic Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing, China
| | - Tonglai Zhang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing, China
| | - Zunning Zhou
- School of Mechatronic Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing, China
| | - Shuyuan Qi
- China North Industries Corporation
- Beijing, China
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Aryaei A, Jayatissa AH, Jayasuriya AC. The effect of graphene substrate on osteoblast cell adhesion and proliferation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:3282-90. [PMID: 24178155 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the effect of graphene substrate on graphene-cell interaction is important for considering graphene as a potential candidate for biomedical applications. In this article, biocompatibility of few layers of graphene film transferred to different substrates was evaluated using osteoblasts. The substrates were oxidized silicon wafer (SiO2/Si stack), soda lime glass, and stainless steel. Chemical vapor deposition method was employed to synthesize graphene on copper substrate using methane and hydrogen as precursors. The quality and the thickness of graphene films on different substrates were estimated by Raman spectra, whereas the thickness of graphene film was confirmed by reflectance and transmittance spectroscopy. The study was also focused on cell attachment and morphology at two time points. The results show that graphene does not have any toxic effect on osteoblasts. The cell adhesion improves with graphene coated substrate than the substrate alone. It seems that graphene substrate properties play a dominant role in cell adhesion. The result of this study suggests that a layer of graphene on bone implants will be beneficial for osteoblast attachment and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashkan Aryaei
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, 43606
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Zhang P, Zhang X, Zhang S, Lu X, Li Q, Su Z, Wei G. One-pot green synthesis, characterizations, and biosensor application of self-assembled reduced graphene oxide–gold nanoparticle hybrid membranes. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:6525-6531. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21270j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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28
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Zhang H, Grüner G, Zhao Y. Recent advancements of graphene in biomedicine. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:2542-2567. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20405g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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