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Xu M, Wu Z. Preparation of small peptoid-modified zwitterion-exchange/reversed-phase mixed-mode chromatography stationary phases for the separation of arenes and antibiotics. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1296:342335. [PMID: 38401942 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, three small peptoids with different structures, named Sil-peptoids, were developed to improve the separation selectivity of zwitterion-exchange/reversed-phase mixed-mode chromatography stationary phases for multi-component complex drugs. Nonpolar, amphoteric, and alkaline drugs were used as test samples to demonstrate their retention behaviors in reversed-phase, ionic, and mixed-mode interactions. It was observed that different carboxyl anions in the small peptoids of the Sil-peptoids had vast differences in their stereo-selectivity. The stereo-selectivity and the influence of Sil-peptoids on the retention behavior of complex drugs and their interaction mechanism for the drug molecules were effectively evaluated through the combination of chromatographic analysis and molecular modeling. Finally, a mixture of drugs consisting of two polar and six non-polar drugs was used to obtain a separation effect with a resolution >1.5. Two other groups of polar antibiotics were used to verify the separation ability of the Sil-peptoids. The results indicated that the Sil-peptoids could separate multiple substances simultaneously. These novel stationary phases can be applied to the analysis of complex multi-component drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China.
| | - Zhenwei Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, China
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2
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Wang X, Peng H, Zhang Z, Wu J, Yu J, Zeng H, Yang H, Zhou G, Peng J. Graft copolymerization of anion and cation onto silica and application in mixed-mode of reversed phase/ hydrophilic interaction/ ion exchange chromatography. Talanta 2024; 266:125055. [PMID: 37567120 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have turned out to be one of the best choices to fabricate mixed-mode stationary phases, this work aimed to investigate the possibility and merit of copolymerizing cations and anions as modifications. We prepared two ILs stationary phases, one of which was constructed by copolymerizing cation and anion (p-vinylbenzene sulfonate). Two stationary phases were characterized and comprehensively evaluated. The stationary phases showed great repeatability (RSD <0.87%) and high efficiency (up to 83,810 plate/m). Both stationary phases can operate under a mixed mode of reversed phase/hydrophilic interaction/ion exchange chromatography (RPLC/HILIC/IEC). Chromatographic evaluation results revealed that copolymerized anions endow stationary phase superior selectivity under RPLC and HILIC modes, so hydrophobic terphenyls isomer (under ACN/H2O = 35/65) and hydrophilic nucleotides and bases (under ACN/100 mM NH4FA buffer = 90/10) are better separated. Organic and inorganic anions showed entirely different retention behaviors on two stationary phases, and the mechanism was investigated by linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) and thermodynamic analysis. This work proved that copolymerizing cations and anions of ILs could be a promising method to prepare stationary phases, the retention property and mechanism need further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Huanjun Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiajia Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiayu Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hanlin Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hanqi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Guangming Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Jingdong Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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3
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Omura T, Suzuki T, Minami H. Preparation of Salt-Responsive Hollow Hydrophilic Polymer Particles by Inverse Suspension Polymerization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:9371-9377. [PMID: 34333964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophilic polymer particles with a hollow structure have potential applications such as carriers for hydrophilic drugs. However, there are few reports on preparation and morphology control of such particles via a simple method. In this study, hollow hydrophilic polymer particles were prepared by inverse suspension polymerization for water droplets containing 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) anions, 1-vinylimidazole (VIm) cations, oligo(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (OEGDA), dextran, and an initiator via the self-assembling phase-separated polymer (SaPSeP) method developed in our lab. The inner morphology of the particle could be controlled (as single- or multi-hollow structures) by changing the concentrations of the OEGDA and the dextran. The obtained hollow particles could encapsulate a hydrophilic fluorescent substance in their hollow region when the substance was added to the primary droplets before polymerization. In addition, the poly(AMPS-co-VIm-co-OEGDA) shell of the particles exhibited an ionic cross-linked structure, which could be stimulated by salt. The poly(AMPS-co-VIm-co-OEGDA) hollow particles with the encapsulated substance released the substance when salt was added to the dispersion. These results indicated that the applicability of the SaPSeP method can be broadened for morphology control of the hydrophilic polymer particles encapsulating water-soluble materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Omura
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Toyoko Suzuki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hideto Minami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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4
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Chu Z, Zhang W, Li D, Zhang L, Zhu M, Ge Z. Synthesis and chromatographic evaluation of poly(pentabromostyrene)-silica composite: A versatile stationary phase for separating both polar and non-polar aromatic compounds. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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5
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Flieger J, Feder-Kubis J, Tatarczak-Michalewska M. Chiral Ionic Liquids: Structural Diversity, Properties and Applications in Selected Separation Techniques. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4253. [PMID: 32549300 PMCID: PMC7352568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are chemical compounds composed of ions with melting points below 100 °C exhibiting a design feature. ILs are commonly used as the so-called green solvents, reagents or highly efficient catalysts in varied chemical processes. The huge application potential of ionic liquids (IL) justifies the growing interest in these compounds. In the last decade, increasing attention has been devoted to the development of new methods in the synthesis of stable chiral ionic liquids (CILs) and their application in various separation techniques. The beginnings of the successful use of CILs to separate enantiomers date back to the 1990 s. Most chiral ILs are based on chiral cations or chiral anions. There is also a limited number of CILs possessing both a chiral cation and a chiral anion. Due to the high molecular diversity of both ions, of which at least one has a chiral center, we have the possibility to design a large variety of optically active structures, thus expanding the range of CIL applications. Research utilizing chiral ionic liquids only recently has become more popular. However, it is the area that still has great potential for future development. This review aimed to describe the diversity of structures, properties and examples of applications of chiral ionic liquids as new chiral solid materials and chiral components of the anisotropic environment, providing chiral recognition of enantiomeric analytes, which is useful in liquid chromatography, countercurrent chromatography and other various CIL-based extraction techniques including aqueous biphasic (ABS) extraction systems, solid-liquid two-phase systems, liquid-liquid extraction systems with hydrophilic CILs, liquid-liquid extraction systems with hydrophobic CILs, solid-phase extraction and induced-precipitation techniques developed in the recent years. The growing demand for pure enantiomers in the pharmaceutical and food industries sparks further development in the field of extraction and separation systems modified with CILs highlighting them as affordable and environmentally friendly both chiral selectors and solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Joanna Feder-Kubis
- Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland;
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Peng Q, Wu Y, Cong H, Shen Y, Mahmood K, Yu B. Preparation of monodisperse porous polymeric ionic liquid microspheres and their application as stationary phases for HPLC. Talanta 2020; 208:120462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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7
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Kravchenko A, Kolobova E, Kartsova L. Multifunction covalent coatings for separation of amino acids, biogenic amines, steroid hormones, and ketoprofen enantiomers by capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201900098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Kravchenko
- Saint Petersburg State UniversityInstitute of Chemistry 26 Universitetskii prospect St. Petersburg Peterhof 198504 Russia
| | - Ekaterina Kolobova
- Saint Petersburg State UniversityInstitute of Chemistry 26 Universitetskii prospect St. Petersburg Peterhof 198504 Russia
- The Federal State Institute of Public Health ‘The Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine’The Ministry of Russian Federation for Civil DefenceEmergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters 54, Optikov st. St. Petersburg 197082 Russia
| | - Liudmila Kartsova
- Saint Petersburg State UniversityInstitute of Chemistry 26 Universitetskii prospect St. Petersburg Peterhof 198504 Russia
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8
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Preparation of two ionic liquid bonded stationary phases and comparative evaluation under mixed-mode of reversed phase/ hydrophilic interaction/ ion exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1605:460372. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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9
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Cai T, Zhang H, Chen J, Li Z, Qiu H. Polyethyleneimine-functionalized carbon dots and their precursor co-immobilized on silica for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1597:142-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Mallik AK, Qiu H, Takafuji M, Ihara H. High molecular-shape-selective stationary phases for reversed-phase liquid chromatography: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Qiao L, Lv W, Chang M, Shi X, Xu G. Surface-bonded amide-functionalized imidazolium ionic liquid as stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1559:141-148. [PMID: 28734605 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The amide group modified silica materials are popular stationary phases for hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). Meanwhile, surface-confined imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) have been proved to be useful HILIC stationary phases and possess many unique properties. In this study, the synthesis of an amide-functionalized imidazolium IL was conducted which was then bonded onto silica surface to obtain a novel imidazolium-embedded amide stationary phase for HILIC. The combination of the amide group and imidazolium IL moiety might bring some advantages in selectivity or retention and therefore extended its applications. After characterizing the prepared IL and the resulting modified silica materials, the chromatographic performance and separation selectivity of the packed column were evaluated and compared with a commercial amide column. Then, the retention behavior was investigated through observing the retention factors at different chromatographic conditions using a wide range of compounds. Exceptionally, the prepared amide IL column exhibited superior separation performance towards complex samples such as flavonoids mixture, soybean flavonoids and human urine. All the results indicated that the novel amide IL column possessed an anion-exchange/HILIC mixed-mode retention mechanism and could be useful in the sample analysis as a promising candidate for HILIC stationary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Qiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, China
| | - Wangjie Lv
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mengmeng Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xianzhe Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
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12
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Chu Z, Zhang L, Zhang W. Preparation and evaluation of maltose modified polymer-silica composite based on cross-linked poly glycidyl methacrylate as high performance liquid chromatography stationary phase. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1036:179-186. [PMID: 30253830 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A new maltose modified polymer-silica composite was fabricated and applied as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) stationary phase. The cross-linked poly glycidyl methacrylate (pGMA) layer was chemically bonded to the outer surface as well as pore inner surface of silica beads via in-situ polymerization, and then maltose was modified onto the polymer layer via a [3 + 2] "click" reaction. The porous spherical silica (4 μm diameter) with 300 Å pore size was selected as the matrix so that the 3.25 nm-thick polymer layer fabricated on the pore inner surface would not affect its permeability. The typical 'U-shape' retention curves indicated a mixed-mode retention mechanism of the as-synthesized stationary phase. Both polar and non-polar analytes could be well separated on the stationary phase with column efficiency reaching 123809 plates/m for guanosine in hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) mode and 46808 plates/m for fluorene in reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) mode, respectively. Nucleotides and their bases were baseline separated with good peak shape without any buffer salt in mobile phase, suggesting the effective shielding of the silanol groups. The packing material also showed excellent chromatographic repeatability with intraday RSDs of the retention time of five nucleosides less than 0.048% (n = 3) and interday RSDs less than 0.33% (n = 7) and great pH stability (from 1.5 to 10.2). Finally, the stationary phase was applied to the separation of ginseng extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanying Chu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Lingyi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| | - Weibing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
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13
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Zhang Y, Li Q, Dai B, Zhou S, Zhang M, Han H, Qiu H. A versatile polar-embedded polyphenyl phase for multimodal separation in liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1553:81-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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14
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Wang Z, Zhu Y, Chen H, Wu H, Ye C. Fabrication of three functionalized silica adsorbents: Impact of co-immobilization of imidazole, phenyl and long-chain alkyl groups on bisphenol A adsorption from high salt aqueous solutions. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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15
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An J, Anderson JL. Determination of UV filters in high ionic strength sample solutions using matrix-compatible coatings for solid-phase microextraction. Talanta 2018; 182:74-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Grygorenko OO, Biitseva AV, Zhersh S. Amino sulfonic acids, peptidosulfonamides and other related compounds. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Yang B, Cai T, Li Z, Guan M, Qiu H. Surface radical chain-transfer reaction in deep eutectic solvents for preparation of silica-grafted stationary phases in hydrophilic interaction chromatography. Talanta 2017; 175:256-263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Caban M, Stepnowski P. The antagonistic role of chaotropic hexafluorophosphate anions and imidazolium cations composing ionic liquids applied as phase additives in the separation of tri-cyclic antidepressants. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 967:102-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Bo C, Wang X, Wang C, Wei Y. Preparation of hydrophilic interaction/ion-exchange mixed-mode chromatographic stationary phase with adjustable selectivity by controlling different ratios of the co-monomers. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1487:201-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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20
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Preparation and characterization of carbon dot-decorated silica stationary phase in deep eutectic solvents for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:2401-2410. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Wang Z, Ye C, Chen L, Wu H. Co-immobilization of 1-vinyl-3-octadecylimidazolium cations and p-styrenesulphonate anions on silica and their anti-interference performance for the adsorption of naphthols. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26028d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adsorptive removals of naphthols are often interfered by some coexisting anions of aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhike Wang
- School of Environment
- Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control
- Ministry of Education
- Henan Normal University
| | - Cunling Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Lingyun Chen
- School of Environment
- Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control
- Ministry of Education
- Henan Normal University
| | - Haili Wu
- School of Environment
- Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control
- Ministry of Education
- Henan Normal University
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22
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Yang B, Liu H, Chen J, Guan M, Qiu H. Preparation and evaluation of 2-methylimidazolium-functionalized silica as a mixed-mode stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction and anion-exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1468:79-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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23
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Effects of Alignment of Weak Interaction Sites in Molecular Shape Recognition High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. SEPARATIONS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/separations3030025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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24
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Qiao L, Shi X, Xu G. Recent advances in development and characterization of stationary phases for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Shaplov AS, Ponkratov DO, Vygodskii YS. Poly(ionic liquid)s: Synthesis, properties, and application. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s156009041602007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Utilization of deep eutectic solvents as novel mobile phase additives for improving the separation of bioactive quaternary alkaloids. Talanta 2016; 149:85-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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27
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Shahruzzaman M, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Tuning of Separation Mode Using Pyridinium Salt-branched Ionic Polymer-grafted Silica as Stationary Phase in HPLC. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.150890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Shahruzzaman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
- Department of Natural Sciences, Daffodil International University
| | - Makoto Takafuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
| | - Hirotaka Ihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University
- Kumamoto Institute for Photo-Electro Organics (Phoenics)
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28
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wang G, Chen W, He P, Wang Q. Synthesis and characterization of a multimode stationary phase: Congo red derivatized silica in nano-flow HPLC. Analyst 2016; 141:1083-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an02021b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Congo red derivatized silica has been developed as a mixed mode stationary phase and used for nano-flow HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P.R. China
| | - Guan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P.R. China
| | - Wujuan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P.R. China
| | - Pingang He
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P.R. China
| | - Qingjiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- P.R. China
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Cai T, Zhang H, Li Z, Rahman AFMM, Qiu H. A new nano-on-micro stationary phase based on nanodiamond bonded on silica for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04824b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanodiamond particles were covalently bonded on silica microparticles and the resulting material was nicely decorated with a thin layer of oxidized nanodiamonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Haijuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Zhan Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - A. F. M. Mustafizur Rahman
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources
- Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000
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30
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Recent development of ionic liquid stationary phases for liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1420:1-15. [PMID: 26463427 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Based on their particular physicochemical characteristics, ionic liquids have been widely applied in many fields of analytical chemistry. Many types of ionic liquids were immobilized on a support like silica or monolith as stationary phases for liquid chromatography. Moreover, different approaches were developed to bond covalently ionic liquids onto the supporting materials. The obtained ionic liquid stationary phases show multi-mode mechanism including hydrophobic, hydrophilic, hydrogen bond, anion exchange, π-π, and dipole-dipole interactions. Therefore, they could be used in different chromatographic modes including ion-exchange, RPLC, NPLC and HILIC to separate various classes of compounds. This review mainly summarizes the immobilized patterns and types of ionic liquid stationary phases, their retention mechanisms and applications in the recent five years.
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31
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Mallik AK, Qiu H, Kuwahara Y, Takafuji M, Ihara H. A remarkable enhancement of selectivity towards versatile analytes by a strategically integrated H-bonding site containing phase. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:14243-6. [PMID: 26264655 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04966k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A double β-alanylated L-glutamide-derived organic phase has been newly designed and synthesized in such a way that integrated H-bonding (interaction) sites make it very suitable for the separation of versatile analytes, including shape-constrained isomers, and nonpolar, polar and basic compounds. The β-alanine residues introduced into two long-chain alkyl group moieties provide ordered polar groups through H-bonding among the amide groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abul K Mallik
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
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32
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Preparation and chromatographic evaluation of zwitterionic stationary phases with controllable ratio of positively and negatively charged groups. Talanta 2015; 141:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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33
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Zhang M, Mallik AK, Takafuji M, Ihara H, Qiu H. Versatile ligands for high-performance liquid chromatography: An overview of ionic liquid-functionalized stationary phases. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 887:1-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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34
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Qiao L, Shi X, Lu X, Xu G. Preparation and evaluation of surface-bonded tricationic ionic liquid silica as stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1396:62-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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35
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Wang T, Chen Y, Ma J, Zhang X, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Ionic liquid-based zwitterionic organic polymer monolithic column for capillary hydrophilic interaction chromatography. Analyst 2015; 140:5585-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an00662g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel ionic liquid-based zwitterionic organic polymer monolithic column was developed, by copolymerization in a quaternary porogenic solvent, for capillary hydrophilic interaction chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Ningbo University of Technology
- Ningbo 315016
- China
| | - Yihui Chen
- Xiangshan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine
- Xiangshan 310014
- China
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Department of Biological Chemistry
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
- Baltimore
- USA
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry
- National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry
- National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
| | - Yukui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry
- National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
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36
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Yu D, Shen A, Guo Z, Yan Y, Yan J, Jin G, Liang X. A controlled thiol-initiated surface polymerization strategy for the preparation of hydrophilic polymer stationary phases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:14778-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05249a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A controlled thiol-initiated surface polymerization strategy has been successfully developed and employed to prepare hydrophilic polymer stationary phases, which exhibited excellent chromatographic performance and protein non-fouling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Yu
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Aijin Shen
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Zhimou Guo
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Yukun Yan
- Materials Fabrication and Processing Division
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Jingyu Yan
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Gaowa Jin
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Dalian
- P. R. China
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- Key Lab of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Dalian
- P. R. China
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37
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A novel urea-functionalized surface-confined octadecylimidazolium ionic liquid silica stationary phase for reversed-phase liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1365:148-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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38
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Qiao L, Wang S, Li H, Shan Y, Dou A, Shi X, Xu G. A novel surface-confined glucaminium-based ionic liquid stationary phase for hydrophilic interaction/anion-exchange mixed-mode chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1360:240-7. [PMID: 25129388 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glucaminium-based ionic liquids are a new class of recently developed ionic liquids and prepared by functionalizing the amine group of N-methyl-d-glucamine, which renders them good hydrophilicity due to the presence of the glucose structure and charged quaternary ammonium group. In the present study, a glucaminium-based ionic liquid N,N-diallyl-N-methyl-d-glucaminium bromide was synthesized and subsequently bonded to the surface of 3-mercaptopropyl modified silica materials through "thiol-ene" click chemistry. The obtained stationary phase was characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy, and then packed as a HPLC column. A mixture of five nucleosides was used to characterize the separation performance of the obtained column under HILIC mode and the column efficiency was determined with cytidine as the test solute, reaching 80,000plates/m. Then, the retention behavior was evaluated by investigating the effect of various chromatographic factors on retention of different types of solutes, and the results revealed that the developed surface-confined glucaminium-based ionic liquid stationary phase exhibited a hydrophilic interaction/anion-exchange mixed-mode retention mechanism. Finally, two mixtures of nucleotides and flavonoids were separated on the glucaminium-based ionic liquid column, respectively under hydrophilic interaction and hydrophilic interaction/anion-exchange mixed-mode chromatography. In conclusion, the multimodal retention capabilities of the glucaminium-based ionic liquid column could offer a wider range of retention behavior and flexible selectivity toward polar and hydrophilic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shuangyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yuanhong Shan
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Abo Dou
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xianzhe Shi
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Guowang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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39
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Zhang M, Chen J, Gu T, Qiu H, Jiang S. Novel imidazolium-embedded and imidazolium-spaced octadecyl stationary phases for reversed phase liquid chromatography. Talanta 2014; 126:177-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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40
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Mallik AK, Qiu H, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Copolymer-grafted silica phase from a cation–anion monomer pair for enhanced separation in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:3507-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7765-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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41
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42
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Sun M, Feng J, Luo C, Liu X, Jiang S. Quinolinium ionic liquid-modified silica as a novel stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:2651-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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43
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Qiao L, Li H, Shan Y, Wang S, Shi X, Lu X, Xu G. Study of surface-bonded dicationic ionic liquids as stationary phases for hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1330:40-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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44
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Zhang M, Liang X, Jiang S, Qiu H. Preparation and applications of surface-confined ionic-liquid stationary phases for liquid chromatography. Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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45
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Abstract
Supported ionic liquids (SILs), which refer to ionic liquids (ILs) immobilized on supports, are among the most important derivatives of ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingwei Xin
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials (Shandong University)
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Functional Materials in Universities of Shandong (Dezhou University)
- Dezhou, P.R. China
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials (Shandong University)
- Ministry of Education
- Jinan, P.R. China
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46
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Zhang M, Chen J, Qiu H, Mallik AK, Takafuji M, Ihara H. Homogenous formation and quaternization of urea-functionalized imidazolyl silane and its immobilization on silica for surface-confined ionic liquid stationary phases. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04772a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
New strategy for surface modification of silica sphere was proposed on the basis of one-pot urea formation and quaternization of imidazole, resulting in sorbents of high tunability and controllable hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Jia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Abul K. Mallik
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kumamoto University
- Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Makoto Takafuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kumamoto University
- Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Kumamoto University
- Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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47
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Qiu H, Zhang M, Gu T, Takafuji M, Ihara H. A Sulfonic-Azobenzene-Grafted Silica Amphiphilic Material: A Versatile Stationary Phase for Mixed-Mode Chromatography. Chemistry 2013; 19:18004-10. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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48
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Wang X, Zheng N, Huang Y, Wang J, Lin X, Xie Z. Dipyridyl-immobilized ionic liquid type hybrid silica monolith for hydrophilic interaction electrochromatography. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:3091-9. [PMID: 23925897 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A pyridinium-based immobilized ionic liquid type multifunctional hybrid silica monolith was prepared by the in situ polymerization of 3-chloropropyl-silica matrix and 4,4'-dipyridyl for hydrophilic interaction CEC. The obtained hybrid monolith possessed of high stable skeletal microstructures with obviously hydrophilic retention mechanism under ACN content >50% in the mobile phase. Strong and stable anodic EOF could be observed under a broad pH range from pH 3.0 to 9.0. Due to the immobilized dipyridyl groups bonded to the silica matrix surface, the resulting hydrophilic hybrid monolith possessed multiple separation interactions including hydrogen bond, π-π, and anion exchange. Excellent separations of various polar analytes including electroneutral phenols, charged acid nucleotides, and basic analytes were successfully achieved. The highest column efficiencies up to 120,000, 164,000, and 106,000 plates/m were obtained for nucleotides, nucleic acid bases, and nucleosides and nicotines, respectively. These results demonstrated that the dipyridyl-immobilized ionic liquid functionalized hybrid monolith possessed highly mechanical stability and good chromatographic performance for hydrophilic interaction electrochromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Environmental Monitoring, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
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49
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Preparation, characterization, and application of a new stationary phase containing different kinds of amine groups. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:8311-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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50
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