1
|
Delecluse M, Manick AD, Chatelet B, Chevallier-Michaud S, Moraleda D, Riggi ID, Dutasta JP, Martinez A. Ditopic Covalent Cage for Ion-Pair Binding: Influence of Anion Complexation on the Cation Exchange Rate. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300558. [PMID: 37950861 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
A new hemicryptophane host with a ditopic molecular cavity combining a cyclotriveratrylene (CTV) unit with a tris-urea moiety was synthesized. The complexation of halides, tetramethylammonium (TMA+) cation, and ion pairs was investigated. A positive cooperativity was observed, since halides display a higher binding constant when a TMA+ cation is already present inside the cage. When TMA+ was complexed alone, a decrease of temperature from 298 K to 230 K was required to switch from a fast to a slow exchange regime on the NMR time scale. Nevertheless, the prior complexation of a halide guest in the lower part of the host resulted in significant decrease of the exchange rate of the subsequent complexation of the TMA+ cation. Under these conditions, the 1H NMR signals characteristic of a slow exchange regime were observed at 298 K. Addition of an excess of salts, increases the ionic strength of the solution, restoring the fast exchange dynamics. This result provides insight on how the exchange rate of a cation guest can be modulated by the complexation of a co-guest anion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magalie Delecluse
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille iSm2, UMR 7113, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Anne-Doriane Manick
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Institut de Chimie, Radicalaire, UMR 7273, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Bastien Chatelet
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille iSm2, UMR 7113, 13397, Marseille, France
| | | | - Delphine Moraleda
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille iSm2, UMR 7113, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Innocenzo de Riggi
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille iSm2, UMR 7113, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Dutasta
- ENS Lyon, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Alexandre Martinez
- Aix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, Centrale Marseille iSm2, UMR 7113, 13397, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pavlović RZ, Zhiquan L, Finnegan TJ, Waudby CA, Wang X, Gunawardana VWL, Zhu X, Wong CM, Hamby T, Moore CE, Hoefer N, McComb DW, Sevov CS, Badjić JD. Closed Aromatic Tubes-Capsularenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211304. [PMID: 35981224 PMCID: PMC9825917 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we describe a synthetic method for incorporating arenes into closed tubes that we name capsularenes. First, we prepared vase-shaped molecular baskets 4-7. The baskets comprise a benzene base fused to three bicycle[2.2.1]heptane rings that extend into phthalimide (4), naphthalimide (6), and anthraceneimide sides (7), each carrying a dimethoxyethane acetal group. In the presence of catalytic trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), the acetals at top of 4, 6 and 7 change into aliphatic aldehydes followed by their intramolecular cyclization into 1,3,5-trioxane (1 H NMR spectroscopy). Such ring closure is nearly a quantitative process that furnishes differently sized capsularenes 1 (0.7×0.9 nm), 8 (0.7×1.1 nm;) and 9 (0.7×1.4 nm;) characterized by X-Ray crystallography, microcrystal electron diffraction, UV/Vis, fluorescence, cyclic voltammetry, and thermogravimetry. With exceptional rigidity, unique topology, great thermal stability, and perhaps tuneable optoelectronic characteristics, capsularenes hold promise for the construction of novel organic electronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radoslav Z. Pavlović
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe Ohio State University100W. 18 AvenueColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Lei Zhiquan
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe Ohio State University100W. 18 AvenueColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Tyler J. Finnegan
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe Ohio State University100W. 18 AvenueColumbusOH 43210USA
| | | | - Xiuze Wang
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe Ohio State University100W. 18 AvenueColumbusOH 43210USA
| | | | - Xingrong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe Ohio State University100W. 18 AvenueColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Curt M. Wong
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe Ohio State University100W. 18 AvenueColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Taylor Hamby
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe Ohio State University100W. 18 AvenueColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe Ohio State University100W. 18 AvenueColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Nicole Hoefer
- Center for Electron Microscopy and AnalysisThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - David W. McComb
- Center for Electron Microscopy and AnalysisThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA,Department of Materials Science and EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Christo S. Sevov
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe Ohio State University100W. 18 AvenueColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Jovica D. Badjić
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryThe Ohio State University100W. 18 AvenueColumbusOH 43210USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pavlović RZ, Zhiquan L, Finnegan TJ, Waudby CA, Wang X, Gunawardana VWL, Zhu X, Wong CM, Hamby T, Moore CE, Hoefer N, McComb DW, Sevov CS, Badjic JD. Closed Aromatic Tubes ‐ Capsularenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202211304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lei Zhiquan
- The Ohio State University Chemistry and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | | | - Xiuze Wang
- The Ohio State University Chemistry and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | - Xingrong Zhu
- The Ohio State University Chemistry and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Curt M. Wong
- The Ohio State University Chemistry and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Taylor Hamby
- The Ohio State University Chemistry and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- The Ohio State University Chemistry and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Nicole Hoefer
- The Ohio State University Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis UNITED STATES
| | - David W McComb
- The Ohio State University Material Science and Engineering UNITED STATES
| | - Christo S. Sevov
- The Ohio State University Chemistry and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Jovica D Badjic
- Ohio State University Department of Chemistry 100 W. 18th Avenue 43210 Columbus UNITED STATES
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zanetti‐Polzi L, Djemili R, Durot S, Heitz V, Daidone I, Ventura B. Allosteric Control of Naphthalene Diimide Encapsulation and Electron Transfer in Porphyrin Containers: Photophysical Studies and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Chemistry 2020; 26:17514-17524. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan Djemili
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177 Université de Strasbourg 4, rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Stéphanie Durot
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177 Université de Strasbourg 4, rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Valérie Heitz
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177 Université de Strasbourg 4, rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Isabella Daidone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences University of L'Aquila via Vetoio (Coppito 1) 67010 L'Aquila Italy
| | - Barbara Ventura
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (ISOF) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Via P. Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhiquan L, Xie H, Border SE, Gallucci J, Pavlović RZ, Badjić JD. A Stimuli-Responsive Molecular Capsule with Switchable Dynamics, Chirality, and Encapsulation Characteristics. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11091-11100. [PMID: 30099876 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhiquan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Sarah E. Border
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Judith Gallucci
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Radoslav Z. Pavlović
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jovica D. Badjić
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schoepff L, Kocher L, Durot S, Heitz V. Chemically Induced Breathing of Flexible Porphyrinic Covalent Cages. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5845-5851. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Schoepff
- Laboratoire de Synthèse
des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de
Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue
Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Lucas Kocher
- Laboratoire de Synthèse
des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de
Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue
Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Stéphanie Durot
- Laboratoire de Synthèse
des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de
Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue
Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Valérie Heitz
- Laboratoire de Synthèse
des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de
Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue
Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67000, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pratumyot Y, Chen S, Hu L, Polen SM, Hadad CM, Badjić JD. Assembly and Folding of Twisted Baskets in Organic Solvents. Org Lett 2016; 18:4238-41. [PMID: 27513214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic method for obtaining enantiopure and twisted baskets of type (P)-3 is described. These chiral cavitands were found to fold quinoline gates, at the rim of their twisted platform, in acetonitrile and give molecular capsules that assemble into large unilamellar vesicles. In a less polar dichloromethane, however, cup-shaped (P)-3 packed into vesicles but with the quinoline gates in an unfolded orientation. The ability of twisted baskets to form functional nanostructured materials could be of interest for building stereoselective sensors and catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaowalak Pratumyot
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Shigui Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Shane M Polen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christopher M Hadad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jovica D Badjić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen S, Polen SM, Wang L, Yamasaki M, Hadad CM, Badjić JD. Two-Dimensional Supramolecular Polymers Embodying Large Unilamellar Vesicles in Water. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:11312-7. [PMID: 27510921 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigui Chen
- Department of Chemistry
and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Shane M. Polen
- Department of Chemistry
and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Chemistry
and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Makoto Yamasaki
- Department of Chemistry
and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christopher M. Hadad
- Department of Chemistry
and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jovica D. Badjić
- Department of Chemistry
and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu L, Polen S, Hardin AM, Pratumyot Y, Hadad CM, Badjić JD. On the Transfer of Chirality, Thermodynamic Stability, and Folding Characteristics of Stereoisomeric Gated Baskets. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
10
|
Abstract
In this review, we describe the construction of gated molecular baskets, discuss their mechanism of action in regulating the exchange of guests and illustrate the potential of these concave hosts to act as catalysts for controlling chemical reactions. Importantly, a number of computational and experimental studies have suggested that gated baskets ought to unfold their gates at the rim for permitting the passage of guests to/from their inner space. These dynamic hosts are therefore offered as useful models for investigating the process of gating in artificial systems. Furthermore, gated baskets should permit examining the benefit of controlling the rate by which reactants access a gated catalyst for promoting chemical reactions occurring in its confined space.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Hermann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hermann K, Pratumyot Y, Polen S, Hardin AM, Dalkilic E, Dastan A, Badjić JD. Twisted baskets. Chemistry 2015; 21:3550-5. [PMID: 25604262 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A preparative procedure for obtaining a pair of twisted molecular baskets, each comprising a chiral framework with either right ((P)-1syn) or left ((M)-1syn) sense of twist and six ester groups at the rim has been developed and optimized. The racemic (P/M)-1syn can be obtained in three synthetic steps from accessible starting materials. The resolution of (P/M)-1syn is accomplished by its transesterification with (1R,2S,5R)-(-)-menthol in the presence of a Ti(IV) catalyst to give diastereomeric 8(P) and 8(M). It was found that dendritic-like cavitands 8(P) and 8(M), in CD2Cl2, undergo self-inclusion ((1)H NMR spectroscopy) with a menthol moiety occupying the cavity of each host. Importantly, the degree of inclusion of the menthol group was ((1)H NMR spectroscopy) found to be greater in the case of 8(P) than 8(M). Accordingly, it is suggested that different folding characteristic of 8(P) and 8(M) ought to affect the physicochemical characteristics of the hosts to permit their effective separation by column chromatography. The absolute configuration of 8(P)/8(M), encompassing right- and left-handed "cups", was determined with the exciton chirality method and also verified in silico (DFT: B3LYP/TZVP). Finally, the twisted baskets are strongly fluorescent due to three naphthalene chromophores, having a high fluorescence quantum yield within the rigid framework of 8(P)/8(M).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Hermann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue (USA)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ruan Y, Dalkiliç E, Peterson PW, Pandit A, Dastan A, Brown JD, Polen SM, Hadad CM, Badjić JD. Trapping of Organophosphorus Chemical Nerve Agents in Water with Amino Acid Functionalized Baskets. Chemistry 2014; 20:4251-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
13
|
Manck LE, Benson CR, Share AI, Park H, Vander Griend DA, Flood AH. Self-assembly snapshots of a 2 × 2 copper(I) grid. Supramol Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2013.872780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Manck
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Calvin College, Grand Rapids, MI 49546-4403, USA
| | - Christopher R. Benson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Andrew I. Share
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Hyunsoo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | | | - Amar H. Flood
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ruan Y, Peterson PW, Hadad CM, Badjić JD. On the encapsulation of hydrocarbon components of natural gas within molecular baskets in water. The role of C–H⋯π interactions and the host's conformational dynamics in the process of encapsulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:9086-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04107k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular baskets encapsulate hydrocarbon components of natural gas by forming C–H⋯π contacts and adjusting the size of their cup-shaped platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Ruan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Columbus, USA
| | | | - C. M. Hadad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Columbus, USA
| | - J. D. Badjić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Columbus, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hermann K, Sardini S, Ruan Y, Yoder RJ, Chakraborty M, Vyas S, Hadad CM, Badjić JD. Method for the Preparation of Derivatives of Heptiptycene: Toward Dual-Cavity Baskets. J Org Chem 2013; 78:2984-91. [PMID: 23445206 DOI: 10.1021/jo3027998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Hermann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Stephen Sardini
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yian Ruan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Ryan J. Yoder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mrinal Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Shubham Vyas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christopher M. Hadad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jovica D. Badjić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus,
Ohio 43210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang BY, Stojanović S, Turner DA, Young TL, Hadad CM, Badjić JD. The entrapment of chiral guests with gated baskets: can a kinetic discrimination of enantiomers be governed through gating? Chemistry 2013; 19:4767-75. [PMID: 23436252 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of gated hosts for controlling a kinetic discrimination between stereoisomers is yet to be understood. To conduct corresponding studies, however, one needs to develop chiral, but modular and gated hosts. Accordingly, we used computational (RI-BP86/TZVP//RI-BP86/SV(P)) and experimental (NMR/CD/UV/Vis spectroscopy) methods to examine the transfer of chirality in gated baskets. We found that placing stereocenters of the same kind at the rim (R(1) =CH3, so-called bottom) and/or top amide positions (R(2) =sec-butyl) would direct the helical arrangement of the gates into a P or M propeller-like orientation. With the assistance of (1)H NMR spectroscopy, we quantified the intrinsic (thermodynamic) and constrictive (kinetic) binding affinities of (R)- and (S)-1,2-dibromopropane 5 toward baskets (S3b/P)-2, (S3t/M)-3, and (S3bt/P)-4. Interestingly, each basket has a low ( ≤1.3 kcal mol(-1)), but comparable (de<10%) affinity for entrapping enantiomeric (R/S)-5. In terms of the kinetics, basket (S3b/P)-2, with a set of S stereocenters at the bottom and P arrangement of the gates, would capture (R)-5 at a faster rate (kin(R)/kin(S) =2.0±0.2). Basket (S3t/M)-3, with a set of S centers at the top and M arrangement of the gates, however, trapped (S)-5 at a faster rate (kin(R)/kin(S) =0.30±0.05). In light of these findings, basket (S3bt/P)-4, with a set of S stereocenters installed at both top and bottom sites along with a P disposition of the gates, was found to have a lower ability to differentiate between enantiomeric (R/S)-5 (kin(R)/kin(S) =0.8). Evidently, the two sets of stereocenters in this "hybrid" host acted concurrently, each with the opposite effect on the entrapment kinetics. Gated baskets are hereby established to be a prototype for quantifying the kinetic discrimination of enantiomers through gating and elucidating the electronic/steric effects on the process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Yu Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Perraud O, Sorokin AB, Dutasta JP, Martinez A. Oxidation of cycloalkanes by H2O2 using a copper–hemicryptophane complex as a catalyst. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:1288-90. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc37829a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
18
|
Perraud O, Tommasino JB, Robert V, Albela B, Khrouz L, Bonneviot L, Dutasta JP, Martinez A. Hemicryptophane-assisted electron transfer: a structural and electronic study. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:1530-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31530k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|