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Pescitelli G, Di Bari L. The Phenomenon of Vibrational Circular Dichroism Enhancement: A Systematic Survey of Literature Data. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:9043-9060. [PMID: 39279667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c04143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
While the intensity of vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) signals is commonly 104-105 times smaller than that of corresponding IR signals, several kinds of systems display enhanced VCD spectra with g-values (VCD/IR intensity ratio) above 10-3 and even reaching 5 × 10-2 in some exceptional cases. These systems include transition metal and lanthanide complexes, protein and peptide fibrils, short oligopeptide gels, crystalline compounds, gels and solution aggregates of organic compounds. We review the literature on VCD enhancement, focusing on collecting and analyzing data on enhanced g-values. Special attention is given to the mechanisms proposed to produce these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Bari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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2
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Hori R, Higashimine K, Notoya O, Shinohara KI. Synthesis and Direct Observation of Chiral Supramolecular Polymer of Porphyrin Having Cholesteryl Groups. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:5535-5544. [PMID: 38407032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and microscopic investigations of two chiral helical porphyrin supramolecular polymers with different coordinating metals that are expected to be capable of serving as synthetic macromolecular motors driven by thermal fluctuations. Furthermore, based on their microscopic images, we propose a stepwise process for the formation of higher-order structures. These porphyrins formed completely different association states, and this was reflected in the marked differences in the shapes of the supramolecular polymers. The Cu-TChOAlaCPP supramolecular polymers formed H-aggregate rods in diisopropyl ether, then grew into superhelices and then into ribbons. On the other hand, Zn-TChOAlaCPP supramolecular polymers formed aggregates based on van der Waals interactions in diethyl ether, then grew into fibers and then grew into multiple-helices and ribbons. In addition, we imaged the interaction between long and short chains of the Cu-TChOAlaCPP supramolecular polymer by fast-scanning atomic force microscopy, and we indicated the availability as a macromolecular motor driven by thermal fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoga Hori
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), 1-1 Asahi-dai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Koichi Higashimine
- Center for Nano Materials and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), 1-1 Asahi-dai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Osamu Notoya
- Center for Nano Materials and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), 1-1 Asahi-dai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Shinohara
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), 1-1 Asahi-dai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
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3
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Albano G, Pescitelli G, Di Bari L. Chiroptical Properties in Thin Films of π-Conjugated Systems. Chem Rev 2020; 120:10145-10243. [PMID: 32892619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chiral π-conjugated molecules provide new materials with outstanding features for current and perspective applications, especially in the field of optoelectronic devices. In thin films, processes such as charge conduction, light absorption, and emission are governed not only by the structure of the individual molecules but also by their supramolecular structures and intermolecular interactions to a large extent. Electronic circular dichroism, ECD, and its emission counterpart, circularly polarized luminescence, CPL, provide tools for studying aggregated states and the key properties to be sought for designing innovative devices. In this review, we shall present a comprehensive coverage of chiroptical properties measured on thin films of organic π-conjugated molecules. In the first part, we shall discuss some general concepts of ECD, CPL, and other chiroptical spectroscopies, with a focus on their applications to thin film samples. In the following, we will overview the existing literature on chiral π-conjugated systems whose thin films have been characterized by ECD and/or CPL, as well other chiroptical spectroscopies. Special emphasis will be put on systems with large dissymmetry factors (gabs and glum) and on the application of ECD and CPL to derive structural information on aggregated states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Albano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Bari
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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4
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Three complexes with helical frameworks based on l -glutamine and l -asparagine: Crystal structures and circular dichroism properties. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Oliveras-González C, Di Meo F, González-Campo A, Beljonne D, Norman P, Simón-Sorbed M, Linares M, Amabilino DB. Bottom-Up Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Chiral Porphyrins through Coordination and Hydrogen Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15795-808. [PMID: 26595320 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of chiral synthetic compounds is reported that shows intricate but specific hierarchical assembly because of varying positions of coordination and hydrogen bonds. The evolution of the aggregates (followed by absorption spectroscopy and temperature-dependent circular dichroism studies in solution) reveal the influence of the proportion of stereogenic centers in the side groups connected to the chromophore ring in their optical activity and the important role of pyridyl groups in the self-assembly of these chiral macrocycles. The optical activity spans 2 orders of magnitude depending on composition and constitution. Two of the aggregates show very high optical activity even though the isolated chromophores barely give a circular dichroism signal. Molecular modeling of the aggregates, starting from the pyridine-zinc(II) porphyrin interaction and working up, and calculation of the circular dichroism signal confirm the origin of this optical activity as the chiral supramolecular organization of the molecules. The aggregates show a broad absorption range, between approximately 390 and 475 nm for the transitions associated with the Soret region alone, that spans wavelengths far more than the isolated chromophore. The supramolecular assemblies of the metalloporphyrins in solution were deposited onto highly oriented pyrolitic graphite in order to study their hierarchy in assembly by atomic force microscopy. Zero and one-dimensional aggregates were observed, and a clear dependence on deposition temperature was shown, indicating that the hierarchical assembly took place largely in solution. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy images of porphyrins and metalloporphyrins precipitated under out-of-equilibrium conditions showed the dependence of the number and position of chiral amide groups in the formation of a fibrillar nanomaterial. The combination of coordination and hydrogen bonding in the complicated assembly of these molecules-where there is a clear hierarchy for zinc(II)-pyridyl interaction followed by hydrogen-bonding between amide groups, and then van der Waals interactions-paves the way for the preparation of molecular materials with multiple chromophore environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Oliveras-González
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra , 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Florent Di Meo
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University , SE-58 583 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Arántzazu González-Campo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra , 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory of Chemistry for Novel Materials, Mons University , Place du Parc, Mons B-9000, Belgium
| | - Patrick Norman
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University , SE-58 583 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maite Simón-Sorbed
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra , 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mathieu Linares
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University , SE-58 583 Linköping, Sweden
| | - David B Amabilino
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra , 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain.,School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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6
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Sato H, Yajima T, Yamagishi A. Chiroptical Studies on Supramolecular Chirality of Molecular Aggregates. Chirality 2015; 27:659-66. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisako Sato
- Graduated of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama Japan
| | - Tomoko Yajima
- Department of Chemistry; Ochanomizu University; Tokyo Japan
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Gattuso H, Assfeld X, Monari A. Modeling DNA electronic circular dichroism by QM/MM methods and Frenkel Hamiltonian. Theor Chem Acc 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-015-1640-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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Lorecchio C, Venanzi M, Mazzuca C, Lettieri R, Palleschi A, Nguyen Thi TH, Cardová L, Drasar P, Monti D. Tuning the chiroptical and morphological properties of steroidal-porphyrin aggregates: a mechanistic, structural, and MM investigation. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:3956-3963. [PMID: 24805210 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00134f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of a steroid-functionalised porphyrin derivative occurs with the formation of J-type chiral species. Spectroscopic and SEM studies indicate that the initial concentration of the macrocycle strongly influences the morphology of the final mesoscopic structures, as a consequence of a change in the mechanistic course of the self-assembly process. Fibrillar structures are obtained at low porphyrin concentration, whereas aggregates of globular shapes are formed on increasing the substrate concentration. Molecular mechanics investigations gave insights into the intimate nature of the driving forces that govern the self-assembly process, pointing out the importance of ring distortion, of intramolecular steroidal OH-π hydrogen bonds, as well as dispersion forces among the tetrapyrrolic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lorecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mariano Venanzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Claudia Mazzuca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Lettieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Antonio Palleschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Thu Huong Nguyen Thi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Purkynje University, Ústí nad Labem, Ceské mládeze 8, 400 96, Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Cardová
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Drasar
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Donato Monti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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Norman P, Linares M. On the interplay between chirality and exciton coupling: a DFT calculation of the circular dichroism in π-stacked ethylene. Chirality 2014; 26:483-9. [PMID: 24839134 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The chirality of stacked weakly interacting π-systems was interpreted in terms of Frenkel exciton states and the formation of excitonic circular dichroism (CD) bands was monitored for ethylene stacks of varying sizes. Convergence of CD bands with respect to the system size was observed for stacks involving around 10 molecules. By means of rotation around the C-C double bond in ethylene, chirality was induced in the monomeric system and which was shown to dominate the spectral responses, even for polymer aggregates. In helical assemblies of chiral entities, there will always be a mix of excitonic and monomeric contributions to the CD signal and it is demonstrated that the complex polarization propagator approach in combination with Density Functional Theory is a suitable method to address this situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Norman
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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10
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Padula D, Di Pietro S, Capozzi MAM, Cardellicchio C, Pescitelli G. Strong intermolecular exciton couplings in solid-state circular dichroism of aryl benzyl sulfoxides. Chirality 2013; 26:462-70. [PMID: 24327405 DOI: 10.1002/chir.22270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A series of 13 enantiopure aryl benzyl sulfoxides () with different substituents on the two aromatic rings has been previously analyzed by means of electronic circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Most of these compounds are crystalline and their X-ray structure is established. For almost one-half of the series, CD spectra measured in the solid state were quite different from those in acetonitrile solution. We demonstrate that the difference is due to strong exciton couplings between molecules packed closely together in the crystal. The computational approach consists of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations run on "dimers" composed of nearest neighbors found in the lattice. Solid-state CD spectra are well reproduced by the average of all possible pairwise terms. The relation between the crystal space group and conformation, and the appearance of solid-state CD spectra, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Padula
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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11
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Chirality delivery through multiple and helical H-bonding from chiral coordination complex to its supramolecular architecture. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2013.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Kulkarni C, Munirathinam R, George SJ. Self-Assembly of Coronene Bisimides: Mechanistic Insight and Chiral Amplification. Chemistry 2013; 19:11270-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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13
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González-Campo A, Amabilino DB. Biomolecules at interfaces: chiral, naturally. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2013; 333:109-56. [PMID: 23460199 DOI: 10.1007/128_2012_405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Interfaces are a most important environment in natural and synthetic chemistries for a wide variety of processes, such as catalysis, recognition, separation, and so on. Naturally occurring systems have evolved to one handedness and the study of interfaces where biomolecules are located is a potentially revealing pursuit with regard to understanding the reasons and importance of stereochemistry in these environments. Equally, the spontaneous resolution of achiral and chiral compounds at interfaces could lead to explanations regarding the emergence of single handedness in proteins and sugars. Also, the attachment of biomolecules to surfaces leads to systems capable of stereoselective processes which may be useful for the applications mentioned above. The review covers systems ranging from small biomolecules studied under ultrapure conditions in vacuum to protein adsorption to surfaces in solution, and the techniques that can be used to study them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arántzazu González-Campo
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
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Marets N, Bulach V, Hosseini MW. Molecular tectonics: chiral 1- and 2-D zinc coordination networks based on chiral porphyrins bearing pyridyl and ethynylpyridyl appended units. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj00591g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Pescitelli G, Padula D, Santoro F. Intermolecular exciton coupling and vibronic effects in solid-state circular dichroism: a case study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp43660d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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16
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Recent Advancements in Chiral Porphyrin Self-Assembly. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2013_110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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