1
|
Askari E, Naghib SM, Seyfoori A, Maleki A, Rahmanian M. Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis and in vitro biological assessments of a novel herceptin-stabilized graphene using three dimensional cell spheroid. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 58:104615. [PMID: 31450294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In vivo assays of graphene and its derivatives are big challenges in biological evaluations because they require simultaneous long-term stability in aqueous dispersion and controllable systemic toxicity. Bifunctional graphene nanosheets which have key function in biomedical area are expected to address this challenge. Here, novel bifunctional graphene nanosheets were successfully synthesized in the presence of Herceptin, a natural antibody, using a facile ultrasonic-assisted method. Graphite layers were successfully exfoliated which resulted excellent stability of separated layers in herceptin solution. In aqueous solution, graphene concentration was effectively controlled by varying the herceptin content and sonication time. Furthermore, the toxicity of graphene was tested in both 2D and 3D spheroid cultures. The results showed that graphene toxicity were considerably reduced in spheroid culture compared to the 2D culture data. Moreover, the toxicity behavior of graphene was dependent on the exposed concentration of graphene that the mortality rate was significantly decreased when the concentration of graphene was below 1 µg/mL. This bifunctional graphene which possessed long-term stability in aqueous solutions and induced slight toxicity offers a promising nanostructure in tumor-targeted drug delivery, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the feasibility of ultrasonic assisted method in one-step synthesis of bifunctional nanomaterials and biostructures for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esfandyar Askari
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amir Seyfoori
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Maleki
- Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Rahmanian
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
de Araujo END, de Sousa TASL, de Moura Guimarães L, Plentz F. Effects of post-lithography cleaning on the yield and performance of CVD graphene-based devices. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:349-355. [PMID: 30800574 PMCID: PMC6369997 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The large-scale production of high-quality and clean graphene devices, aiming at technological applications, has been a great challenge over the last decade. This is due to the high affinity of graphene with polymers that are usually applied in standard lithography processes and that, inevitably, modify the electrical proprieties of graphene. By Raman spectroscopy and electrical-transport investigations, we correlate the room-temperature carrier mobility of graphene devices with the size of well-ordered domains in graphene. In addition, we show that the size of these well-ordered domains is highly influenced by post-photolithography cleaning processes. Finally, we show that by using poly(dimethylglutarimide) (PMGI) as a protection layer, the production yield of CVD graphene devices is enhanced. Conversely, their electrical properties are deteriorated as compared with devices fabricated by conventional production methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Flavio Plentz
- Departamento de Física, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 702, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30123-970, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Amaro-Gahete J, Benítez A, Otero R, Esquivel D, Jiménez-Sanchidrián C, Morales J, Caballero Á, Romero-Salguero FJ. A Comparative Study of Particle Size Distribution of Graphene Nanosheets Synthesized by an Ultrasound-Assisted Method. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9020152. [PMID: 30691102 PMCID: PMC6409618 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials are highly interesting in virtue of their excellent chemical, physical and mechanical properties that make them extremely useful as privileged materials in different industrial applications. Sonochemical methods allow the production of low-defect graphene materials, which are preferred for certain uses. Graphene nanosheets (GNS) have been prepared by exfoliation of a commercial micrographite (MG) using an ultrasound probe. Both materials were characterized by common techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). All of them revealed the formation of exfoliated graphene nanosheets with similar surface characteristics to the pristine graphite but with a decreased crystallite size and number of layers. An exhaustive study of the particle size distribution was carried out by different analytical techniques such as dynamic light scattering (DLS), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4). The results provided by these techniques have been compared. NTA and AF4 gave higher resolution than DLS. AF4 has shown to be a precise analytical technique for the separation of GNS of different sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Amaro-Gahete
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Almudena Benítez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Rocío Otero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Dolores Esquivel
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - César Jiménez-Sanchidrián
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Julián Morales
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Álvaro Caballero
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Romero-Salguero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rizvi R, Nguyen EP, Kowal MD, Mak WH, Rasel S, Islam MA, Abdelaal A, Joshi AS, Zekriardehani S, Coleman MR, Kaner RB. High-Throughput Continuous Production of Shear-Exfoliated 2D Layered Materials using Compressible Flows. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1800200. [PMID: 29904962 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
2D nanomaterials are finding numerous applications in next-generation electronics, consumer goods, energy generation and storage, and healthcare. The rapid rise of utility and applications for 2D nanomaterials necessitates developing means for their mass production. This study details a new compressible flow exfoliation method for producing 2D nanomaterials using a multiphase flow of 2D layered materials suspended in a high-pressure gas undergoing expansion. The expanded gas-solid mixture is sprayed in a suitable solvent, where a significant portion (up to 10% yield) of the initial hexagonal boron nitride material is found to be exfoliated with a mean thickness of 4.2 nm. The exfoliation is attributed to the high shear rates (γ˙ > 105 s-1 ) generated by supersonic flow of compressible gases inside narrow orifices and converging-diverging channels. This method has significant advantages over current 2D material exfoliation methods, such as chemical intercalation and exfoliation, as well as liquid phase shear exfoliation, with the most obvious benefit being the fast, continuous nature of the process. Other advantages include environmentally friendly processing, reduced occurrence of defects, and the versatility to be applied to any 2D layered material using any gaseous medium. Scaling this process to industrial production has a strong possibility of reducing the cost of creating 2D nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rizvi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 951569, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St, MS312, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Emily P Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 951569, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Matthew D Kowal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 951569, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Wai H Mak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 951569, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sheikh Rasel
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St, MS312, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Md Akibul Islam
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St, MS312, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdelaal
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St, MS312, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Anup S Joshi
- Polymer Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St., MS 401, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Shahab Zekriardehani
- Polymer Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St., MS 401, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Maria R Coleman
- Polymer Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St., MS 401, Toledo, OH, 43606, USA
| | - Richard B Kaner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 951569, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bharathi G, Nataraj D, Premkumar S, Sowmiya M, Senthilkumar K, Thangadurai TD, Khyzhun OY, Gupta M, Phase D, Patra N, Jha SN, Bhattacharyya D. Graphene Quantum Dot Solid Sheets: Strong blue-light-emitting & photocurrent-producing band-gap-opened nanostructures. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10850. [PMID: 28883449 PMCID: PMC5589879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10534-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene has been studied intensively in opto-electronics, and its transport properties are well established. However, efforts to induce intrinsic optical properties are still in progress. Herein, we report the production of micron-sized sheets by interconnecting graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which are termed 'GQD solid sheets', with intrinsic absorption and emission properties. Since a GQD solid sheet is an interconnected QD system, it possesses the optical properties of GQDs. Metal atoms that interconnect the GQDs in the bottom-up hydrothermal growth process, induce the semiconducting behaviour in the GQD solid sheets. X-ray absorption measurements and quantum chemical calculations provide clear evidence for the metal-mediated growth process. The as-grown graphene quantum dot solids undergo a Forster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) interaction with GQDs to exhibit an unconventional 36% photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield in the blue region at 440 nm. A high-magnitude photocurrent was also induced in graphene quantum dot solid sheets by the energy transfer process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganapathi Bharathi
- Low Dimensional Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, TN, India
| | - Devaraj Nataraj
- Low Dimensional Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, TN, India. .,Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics for the development of Solar Energy Materials and Devices, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, TN, India.
| | - Sellan Premkumar
- Low Dimensional Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, TN, India
| | - Murugaiyan Sowmiya
- Molecular Quantum Mechanics laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, TN, India
| | - Kittusamy Senthilkumar
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics for the development of Solar Energy Materials and Devices, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, TN, India.,Molecular Quantum Mechanics laboratory, Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, TN, India
| | - T Daniel Thangadurai
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore, TN, India
| | - Oleg Yu Khyzhun
- Department of Structural Chemistry of Solids, Frantsevych Institute for Problems of Materials Science, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, UA-03142, Ukraine
| | - Mukul Gupta
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore, India
| | - Deodatta Phase
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore, India
| | - Nirmalendu Patra
- Atomic & Molecular Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Shambhu Nath Jha
- Atomic & Molecular Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Buzio R, Gerbi A, Uttiya S, Bernini C, Del Rio Castillo AE, Palazon F, Siri AS, Pellegrini V, Pellegrino L, Bonaccorso F. Ultralow friction of ink-jet printed graphene flakes. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:7612-7624. [PMID: 28540370 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00625j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the frictional response of few-layer graphene (FLG) flakes obtained by the liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) of pristine graphite. To this end, we inkjet print FLG on bare and hexamethyldisilazane-terminated SiO2 substrates, producing micrometric patterns with nanoscopic roughness that are investigated by atomic force microscopy. Normal force spectroscopy and atomically-resolved morphologies indicate reduced surface contamination by solvents after a vacuum annealing process. Notably, the printed FLG flakes show ultralow friction comparable to that of micromechanically exfoliated graphene flakes. Lubricity is retained on flakes with a lateral size of a few tens of nanometres, and with a thickness as small as ∼2 nm, confirming the high crystalline quality and low defects density in the FLG basal plane. Surface exposed step edges exhibit the highest friction values, representing the preferential sites for the origin of the secondary dissipative processes related to edge straining, wear or lateral displacement of the flakes. Our work demonstrates that LPE enables fundamental studies on graphene friction to the single-flake level. The capability to deliver ultralow-friction-graphene over technologically relevant substrates, using a scalable production route and a high-throughput, large-area printing technique, may also open up new opportunities in the lubrication of micro- and nano-electromechanical systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Buzio
- CNR-SPIN Institute for Superconductors, Innovative Materials and Devices, C.so Perrone 24, I-16152 Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu JY, Tian K, Jiang H. Improvement of phenol photodegradation efficiency by a combined g-C3N4/Fe(III)/persulfate system. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 148:34-40. [PMID: 26802260 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphite-like C3N4 (g-C3N4) is an efficient visible-light-driven photocatalyst commonly used in dye decolorization with very poor photocatalytic efficiency for degrading recalcitrant organic pollutants, such as phenol. In this study, we designed a g-C3N4/Fe(III)/persulfate system to significantly improve the phenol photodegradation efficacy by combining photocatalysis and light Fenton interaction. The phenol removal ratio and degradation rate of the g-C3N4/Fe(III)/persulfate system are 16.5- and 240-fold higher than those of individual g-C3N4 system. Sulfate radicals [Formula: see text] and H2O2 are detected in the g-C3N4/Fe(III)/persulfate system, suggesting that both radical decomposition and light Fenton interaction play important roles in phenol degradation. The efficient coupled photocatalytic system of g-C3N4 combined with Fe(III) and persulfate shows significant potential for application in large-scale degradation of environmental pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yang Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ke Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hernández-Sánchez D, Scardamaglia M, Saucedo-Anaya S, Bittencourt C, Quintana M. Exfoliation of graphite and graphite oxide in water by chlorin e6. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13501c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An ultrasonic process for the exfoliation of graphite and graphite oxide in water was devised for the production of chlorine e6 nanohybrids with remarkable potential applications in energy and biomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sonia Saucedo-Anaya
- Instituto de Física
- Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
- SLP
- Mexico
- Unidad Académica de Estudios Nucleares
| | - Carla Bittencourt
- Chimie des Interactions Plasma-Surface
- University of Mons
- 7000 Mons
- Belgium
| | - Mildred Quintana
- Instituto de Física
- Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
- SLP
- Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Skaltsas T, Mountrichas G, Zhao S, Shinohara H, Tagmatarchis N, Pispas S. Single-Step Functionalization and Exfoliation of Graphene with Polymers under Mild Conditions. Chemistry 2015; 21:18841-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
10
|
Experimental investigation of the important influence of pretreatment process of thermally exfoliated graphene on their microstructure and supercapacitor performance. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.08.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
11
|
Cai MQ, Wei XQ, Song ZJ, Jin MC. Decolorization of azo dye Orange G by aluminum powder enhanced by ultrasonic irradiation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 22:167-173. [PMID: 25132495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the decolorization of azo dye Orange G (OG) in aqueous solution by aluminum powder enhanced by ultrasonic irradiation (AlP-UI) was investigated. The effects of various operating operational parameters such as the initial pH, initial OG concentration, AlP dosage, ultrasound power and added hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration were studied. The results showed that the decolorization rate was enhanced when the aqueous OG was irradiated simultaneously by ultrasound in the AlP-acid systems. The decolorization rate decreased with the increase of both initial pH values of 2.0-4.0 and OG initial concentrations of 10-80mg/L, increased with the ultrasound power enhancing from 500 to 900W. An optimum value was reached at 2.0g/L of the AlP dosage in the range of 0.5-2.5g/L. The decolorization rate enhanced significantly by the addition of hydrogen peroxide in the range of 10-100mM to AlP-UI system reached an optimum value of 0.1491min(-1). The decolorization of OG appears to involve primarily oxidative steps, the cleavage of NN bond, which were verificated by the intermediate products of OG under the optimal tested degradation system, aniline and 1-amino-2-naphthol-6,8-disulfonate detected by the LC-MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Qiang Cai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Xiao Qin Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhi Jun Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Mi Cong Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Appraisal for Trace Toxic Chemicals, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China; Ningbo Key Laboratory of Poison Research and Control, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hydrophobic gold catalysts: From synthesis on passivated silica to synthesis on few-layer graphene. Catal Today 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
13
|
Servant A, Leon V, Jasim D, Methven L, Limousin P, Fernandez-Pacheco EV, Prato M, Kostarelos K. Graphene-based electroresponsive scaffolds as polymeric implants for on-demand drug delivery. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:1334-43. [PMID: 24799416 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive biomaterials have attracted significant attention in the field of polymeric implants designed as active scaffolds for on-demand drug delivery. Conventional porous scaffolds suffer from drawbacks such as molecular diffusion and material degradation, allowing in most cases only a zero-order drug release profile. The possibility of using external stimulation to trigger drug release is particularly enticing. In this paper, the fabrication of previously unreported graphene hydrogel hybrid electro-active scaffolds capable of controlled small molecule release is presented. Pristine ball-milled graphene sheets are incorporated into a three dimensional macroporous hydrogel matrix to obtain hybrid gels with enhanced mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. These electroactive scaffolds demonstrate controlled drug release in a pulsatile fashion upon the ON/OFF application of low electrical voltages, at low graphene concentrations (0.2 mg mL(-1) ) and by maintaining their structural integrity. Moreover, the in vivo performance of these electroactive scaffolds to release drug molecules without any "resistive heating" is demonstrated. In this study, an illustration of how the heat dissipating properties of graphene can provide significant and previously unreported advantages in the design of electroresponsive hydrogels, able to maintain optimal functionality by overcoming adverse effects due to unwanted heating, is offered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ania Servant
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Life Sciences; University College London; London WC1N 1AX UK
- Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences and National Graphene Institute; University of Manchester; M19 9PT UK
| | - Veronica Leon
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Castilla La-Mancha; Ciudad Real 13071 Spain
- Dipartimento Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche; University of Trieste; Piazzale Europa 1 Trieste 34127 Italy
| | - Dhifaf Jasim
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Life Sciences; University College London; London WC1N 1AX UK
- Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences and National Graphene Institute; University of Manchester; M19 9PT UK
| | - Laura Methven
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Life Sciences; University College London; London WC1N 1AX UK
- Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences and National Graphene Institute; University of Manchester; M19 9PT UK
| | - Patricia Limousin
- UCL Institute of Neurology; University College London; Queen Square London WC1N 1AX UK
| | | | - Maurizio Prato
- Dipartimento Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche; University of Trieste; Piazzale Europa 1 Trieste 34127 Italy
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Life Sciences; University College London; London WC1N 1AX UK
- Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences and National Graphene Institute; University of Manchester; M19 9PT UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Quintana M, Tapia JI, Prato M. Liquid-phase exfoliated graphene: functionalization, characterization, and applications. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:2328-38. [PMID: 25551061 PMCID: PMC4273250 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of chemical strategies to render graphene viable for incorporation into devices is a great challenge. A promising approach is the production of stable graphene dispersions from the exfoliation of graphite in water and organic solvents. The challenges involve the production of a large quantity of graphene sheets with tailored distribution in thickness, size, and shape. In this review, we present some of the recent efforts towards the controlled production of graphene in dispersions. We also describe some of the chemical protocols that have provided insight into the vast organic chemistry of the single atomic plane of graphite. Controlled chemical reactions applied to graphene are expected to significantly improve the design of hierarchical, functional platforms, driving the inclusion of graphene into advanced functional materials forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mildred Quintana
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Manuel Nava 6, Zona Universitaria 78290, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Jesús Iván Tapia
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Manuel Nava 6, Zona Universitaria 78290, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials (CENMAT), INSTM UdR di Trieste, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Vázquez E, Giacalone F, Prato M. Non-conventional methods and media for the activation and manipulation of carbon nanoforms. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:58-69. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60164a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
16
|
Hadad C, Ke X, Carraro M, Sartorel A, Bittencourt C, Van Tendeloo G, Bonchio M, Quintana M, Prato M. Positive graphene by chemical design: tuning supramolecular strategies for functional surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:885-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47056c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
17
|
Calvaresi M, Quintana M, Rudolf P, Zerbetto F, Prato M. Rolling up a graphene sheet. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:3447-53. [PMID: 23757109 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Carbon Nanotubes, CNTs, have been described as rolled-up graphene layers. Matching this concept to experiments has been a great experimental challenge for it requires a method to exfoliate graphite, generate ordered and stable dangling carbon bonds, and roll up the layer without affecting the unpaired electrons of the dangling bonds that finally have to zip up in an orderly fashion: A tall order for any synthetic strategy. The combined use of ultrasonication of graphite in dimethylformamide and addition of ferrocene aldehyde just does it!
Collapse
|