1
|
Hilgers R, Yong Teng S, Briš A, Pereverzev AY, White P, Jansen JJ, Roithová J. Monitoring Reaction Intermediates to Predict Enantioselectivity Using Mass Spectrometry**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205720. [PMID: 35561144 PMCID: PMC9544535 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective reactions are at the core of chemical synthesis. Their development mostly relies on prior knowledge, laborious product analysis and post‐rationalization by theoretical methods. Here, we introduce a simple and fast method to determine enantioselectivities based on mass spectrometry. The method is based on ion mobility separation of diastereomeric intermediates, formed from a chiral catalyst and prochiral reactants, and delayed reactant labeling experiments to link the mass spectra with the reaction kinetics in solution. The data provide rate constants along the reaction paths for the individual diastereomeric intermediates, revealing the origins of enantioselectivity. Using the derived kinetics, the enantioselectivity of the overall reaction can be predicted. Hence, this method can offer a rapid discovery and optimization of enantioselective reactions in the future. We illustrate the method for the addition of cyclopentadiene (CP) to an α,β‐unsaturated aldehyde catalyzed by a diarylprolinol silyl ether.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roelant Hilgers
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry Wageningen University & Research Bornse Weilanden 9 6708 WG Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Sin Yong Teng
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Anamarija Briš
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Aleksandr Y. Pereverzev
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Paul White
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J. Jansen
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Jana Roithová
- Institute for Molecules and Materials Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hilgers R, Teng SY, Bris A, White P, Jansen J, Roithová J. Monitoring Reaction Intermediates to Predict Enantioselectivity Using Mass Spectrometry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roelant Hilgers
- Radboud University Institute for Molecules and Materials: Radboud Universiteit Institute for Molecules and Materials Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis NETHERLANDS
| | - Sin Yong Teng
- Radboud University Institute for Molecules and Materials: Radboud Universiteit Institute for Molecules and Materials Department of Chemometrics NETHERLANDS
| | - Anamarija Bris
- Radboud University Institute for Molecules and Materials: Radboud Universiteit Institute for Molecules and Materials Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis NETHERLANDS
| | - Paul White
- Radboud University Institute for Molecules and Materials: Radboud Universiteit Institute for Molecules and Materials Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis NETHERLANDS
| | - Jeroen Jansen
- Radboud University Institute for Molecules and Materials: Radboud Universiteit Institute for Molecules and Materials Department of Chemometrics NETHERLANDS
| | - Jana Roithová
- Radboud University Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen NETHERLANDS
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Uematsu Y. Electrification of water interface. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33. [PMID: 34280896 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac15d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The surface charge of a water interface determines many fundamental processes in physical chemistry and interface science, and it has been intensively studied for over a hundred years. We summarize experimental methods to characterize the surface charge densities developed so far: electrokinetics, double-layer force measurements, potentiometric titration, surface-sensitive nonlinear spectroscopy, and surface-sensitive mass spectrometry. Then, we elucidate physical ion adsorption and chemical electrification as examples of electrification mechanisms. In the end, novel effects on surface electrification are discussed in detail. We believe that this clear overview of state of the art in a charged water interface will surely help the fundamental progress of physics and chemistry at interfaces in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Uematsu
- Department of Physics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang J, Bogdanov B, Parkins A, McCallum CM. Observation of Magic Number Clusters from Thermal Dissociation Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Lithium Formate Ionic Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:3535-3541. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c01973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bogdan Bogdanov
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Pleasanton, California 94566, United States
| | - Andrew Parkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California 95212, United States
| | - C. Michael McCallum
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California 95212, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Calabrese V, Lavanant H, Rosu F, Gabelica V, Afonso C. Collision Cross Sections of Phosphoric Acid Cluster Anions in Helium Measured by Drift Tube Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:969-981. [PMID: 32153193 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, ion mobility mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) has improved structural analysis and compound identification by giving access to the collision cross section (CCS). An increasingly wide and accurate database of CCS values is now available but often without assessment of the influence of different instrumental settings on CCS values. Here, we present 75 CCS values in helium (DTCCSHe) for phosphoric acid cluster anions [(H3PO4)n - zH]z- with charge state (z) up to 4-. The CCS values, noted DTCCSHe, were obtained with a commercial drift tube ion mobility mass spectrometer, in helium, by applying a classic multifield approach. Phosphoric acid clusters are fragile structures that allow to evaluate the effect of different experimental conditions on the retention of weak bonds and their effect on CCS values. We probed harsh and soft voltage gradients in the electrospray (ESI) source before the IMS and two different voltage gradients in the post-IMS region. The variations in the ion mobility and mass spectra consisted in a change in the distribution of the cluster anions aggregation numbers (n) and charge states (z), with a higher amount of multiply charged species for the soft pre-IMS voltage gradient and a lower proportion of cluster dissociation for soft post-IMS conditions. However, the CCS values did not change with experimental conditions for a given cluster, as long as it stays intact from the IMS to the mass analyzer. The DTCCSHe were found in good agreement among 3 to 10 replicated values, with a relative standard deviation between 0.1 and 1.7%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Calabrese
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Hélène Lavanant
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Frédéric Rosu
- CNRS, University of Bordeaux and INSERM, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB, UMS3033, US001), 2 Rue Robert Escarpit, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Valérie Gabelica
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM and CNRS, Laboratoire Acides Nucléiques: Régulations Naturelle et Artificielle (ARNA, U1212, UMR5320), Site IECB, 2 Rue Robert Escarpit, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Carlos Afonso
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA, 76000 Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lösch H, Raiwa M, Jordan N, Steppert M, Steudtner R, Stumpf T, Huittinen N. Temperature-dependent luminescence spectroscopic and mass spectrometric investigations of U(VI) complexation with aqueous silicates in the acidic pH-range. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 136:105425. [PMID: 32007922 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study the complexation of U(VI) with orthosilicic acid (H4SiO4) was investigated between pH 3.5 and 5 by combining electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and laser-induced luminescence spectroscopy. The ESI-MS experiments performed at a total silicon concentration of 5 · 10-3M (exceeding the solubility of amorphous silica at both pH-values) revealed the formation of oligomeric sodium-silicates in addition to the UO2OSi(OH)3+ species. For the luminescence spectroscopic experiments (25 °C), the U(VI) concentration was fixed at 5 · 10-6M, the silicon concentration was varied between 1.3 · 10-4-1.3 · 10-3M (reducing the formation of silicon oligomers) and the ionic strength was kept constant at 0.2 M NaClO4. The results confirmed the formation of the aqueous UO2OSi(OH)3+ complex. The conditional complexation constant at 25 °C, log *β = -(0.31 ± 0.24), was extrapolated to infinite dilution using the Davies equation, which led to log *β0 = -(0.06 ± 0.24). Further experiments at different temperatures (1-25 °C) allowed the calculation of the molal enthalpy of reaction ΔrHm0 = 45.8 ± 22.5 kJ·mol-1 and molal entropy of reaction ΔrSm0 = 152.5 ± 78.8 J·K-1·mol-1 using the integrated van't Hoff equation, corroborating an endothermic and entropy driven complexation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry Lösch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Manuel Raiwa
- Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Norbert Jordan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Steppert
- Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Robin Steudtner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stumpf
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nina Huittinen
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gallo A, Farinha ASF, Dinis M, Emwas AH, Santana A, Nielsen RJ, Goddard WA, Mishra H. The chemical reactions in electrosprays of water do not always correspond to those at the pristine air-water interface. Chem Sci 2018; 10:2566-2577. [PMID: 30996971 PMCID: PMC6422012 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05538f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent application of electrosprays to characterize the air-water interface, along with the reports on dramatically accelerated chemical reactions in aqueous electrosprays, have sparked a broad interest. Herein, we report on complementary laboratory and in silico experiments tracking the oligomerization of isoprene, an important biogenic gas, in electrosprays and isoprene-water emulsions to differentiate the contributions of interfacial effects from those of high voltages leading to charge-separation and concentration of reactants in the electrosprays. To this end, we employed electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, ab initio calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. We found that the oligomerization of isoprene in aqueous electrosprays involved minimally hydrated and highly reactive hydronium ions. Those conditions, however, are non-existent at pristine air-water interfaces and oil-water emulsions under normal temperature and pressure. Thus, electrosprays should be complemented with surface-specific platforms and theoretical methods to reliably investigate chemistries at the pristine air-water interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adair Gallo
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia . .,Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) , Saudi Arabia.,Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences (BESE) , Saudi Arabia
| | - Andreia S F Farinha
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia . .,Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) , Saudi Arabia.,Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences (BESE) , Saudi Arabia
| | - Miguel Dinis
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia . .,KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia . .,Imaging and Characterization Core Laboratory , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Adriano Santana
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia . .,Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) , Saudi Arabia.,Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences (BESE) , Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert J Nielsen
- Materials and Process Simulation Center , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA 91125 , USA
| | - William A Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA 91125 , USA
| | - Himanshu Mishra
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Saudi Arabia . .,Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) , Saudi Arabia.,Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences (BESE) , Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Carr PJJ, Lecours MJ, Burt MJ, Marta RA, Steinmetz V, Fillion E, Hopkins WS. Mode-Selective Laser Control of Palladium Catalyst Decomposition. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:157-162. [PMID: 29244504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b03030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It is generally assumed that molecules behave ergodically during chemical reactions, that is, reactivities depend only on the total energy content and not on the initial state of the molecule. While there are a few examples of nonergodic behavior in small (usually electronically excited) species, to date there have been no reports of such behavior in larger covalently bound species composed of several tens of atoms. Here, we demonstrate vibrational mode-selective behavior in a series of palladium catalysts. When we excite solvent-tagged gas-phase Pd catalysts with an infrared laser that is tuned to be resonant with specific molecular vibrations, depending on which vibration we excite, we can select different reaction pathways. We also demonstrate that this behavior can be "turned off" via chemical substitution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J J Carr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Michael J Lecours
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Michael J Burt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Rick A Marta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Vincent Steinmetz
- Laboratoire Chemie Physique, CLIO/LCP , Bâtiment 201, Campus Universitaire d'Orsay, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Eric Fillion
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - W Scott Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Koszinowski K, Lissy F. ESI activity of Br⁻, BF₄⁻ , ClO₄⁻ and BPh₄⁻ anions in the presence of Li⁺ and NBu⁴⁺ counter-ions. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2017; 52:144-151. [PMID: 28098404 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To improve our understanding of the electrospray ionization (ESI) process, we have subjected equimolar mixtures of salts A+ X- (A+ = Li+ , NBu4+ ; X- = Br- , ClO4- , BF4- , BPh4- ) in different solvents (CH3 CN, tetrahydrofuran, CH3 OH, H2 O) to negative-ion mode ESI and analyzed the relative ESI activity of the different anionic model analytes. The ESI activity of the large and hydrophobic BPh4- ion greatly exceeds that of the smaller and more hydrophilic anions Br- , ClO4- and BF4- , which we ascribe to its higher surface activity. Moreover, the ESI activity of the anions is modulated by the action of the counter-ions and their different tendency toward ion pairing. The tendency toward ion pairing can be reduced by the addition of the chelating ligands 12-crown-4 and 2.2.1 cryptand and is, although to a smaller degree, further influenced by the variation of the solvent. Complementary electrical conductivity measurements afford additional information on the interactions of the ionic constituents of the sample solutions. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Koszinowski
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - F Lissy
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jašíková L, Anania M, Hybelbauerová S, Roithová J. Reaction Intermediates Kinetics in Solution Investigated by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Diaurated Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:13647-57. [PMID: 26430872 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new method to investigate the reaction kinetics of intermediates in solution by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry is presented. The method, referred to as delayed reactant labeling, allows investigation of a reaction mixture containing isotopically labeled and unlabeled reactants with different reaction times. It is shown that we can extract rate constants for the degradation of reaction intermediates and investigate the effects of various reaction conditions on their half-life. This method directly addresses the problem of the relevance of detected gaseous ions toward the investigated reaction solution. It is demonstrated for geminally diaurated intermediates formed in the gold mediated addition of methanol to alkynes. Delayed reactant labeling allows us to directly link the kinetics of the diaurated intermediates with the overall reaction kinetics determined by NMR spectroscopy. It is shown that the kinetics of protodeauration of these intermediates mirrors the kinetics of the addition of methanol demonstrating they are directly involved in the catalytic cycle. Formation as well as decomposition of diaurated intermediates can be drastically slowed down by employing bulky ancillary ligands at the gold catalyst; the catalytic cycle then proceeds via monoaurated intermediates. The reaction is investigated for 1-phenylpropyne (Ph-CC-CH3) using [AuCl(PPh3)]/AgSbF6 and [AuCl(IPr)]/AgSbF6 as model catalysts. Delayed reactant labeling is achieved by using a combination of CH3OH and CD3OH or Ph-CC-CH3 and Ph-CC-CD3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Jašíková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague , Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Mariarosa Anania
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague , Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Hybelbauerová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague , Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Roithová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague , Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Škríba A, Schulz J, Roithová J. Monitoring of Reaction Intermediates in the Gas Phase: Ruthenium-Catalyzed C–C Coupling. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500933w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Škríba
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Schulz
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Roithová
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030/8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ostrowski W, Wojakowska A, Grajzer M, Stobiecki M. Mass spectrometric behavior of phenolic acids standards and their analysis in the plant samples with LC/ESI/MS system. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 967:21-7. [PMID: 25063924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI) is one of analytical techniques to obtain accurate results of low molecular weight aromatic compounds in biological samples of different origin. The interpretations of mass spectra of these aromatic compounds in the negative spectra registered in the full scan MS mode may be uneasy due to presence of deprotonated molecules [M-H](-) from different co-eluting entities, fragment ions created after the break-up of precursor ions and also ions representing modified molecules clusters. Thus, the first aim of this study was to evaluate general parameters during analysis performed in the full scan MS or MS/MS mode. Secondly, to set general fragmentation rules for aromatic compounds and entities in a complex biological matrix. We established that different groups of low molecular weight phenolic acids form unique adduct ions and additionally registration LC/MS/MS spectra with two different collision energies may allow for differentiating isomeric or isobaric molecules. These findings together with some general fragmentation rules can facilitate identifications of aromatic acids as we outlined in the sample of cold-pressed rose-hip oil and lupine leaves extract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Ostrowski
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Faculty of Chemistry, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Anna Wojakowska
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Grajzer
- Wrocław Medical University, Department of Bromatology and Dietetics, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Maciej Stobiecki
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lavanant H, Tognetti V, Afonso C. Traveling wave ion mobility mass spectrometry and ab initio calculations of phosphoric acid clusters. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:572-580. [PMID: 24500700 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0818-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Positive and negative ion electrospray mass spectra obtained from 50 mM phosphoric acid solutions presented a large number of phosphoric acid clusters: [(H3PO4)n + zH](z+) or [(H3PO4)n - zH](z-), with n up to 200 and z up to 4 for positively charged clusters, and n up to 270 and z up to 7 for negatively charged cluster ions. Ion mobility experiments allowed very explicit separation of the different charge states. Because of the increased pressures involved in ion mobility experiments, dissociation to smaller clusters was observed both in the trap and transfer areas. Voltages along the ion path could be optimized so as to minimize this effect, which can be directly associated with the cleavage of hydrogen bonds. Having excluded the ion mobility times that resulted from dissociated ions, each cluster ion appeared at a single drift time. These drift times showed a linear progression with the number of phosphoric atoms for cluster ions of the same charge state. Cross section calculations were carried out with MOBCAL on DFT optimized geometries with different hydrogen locations and with three types of atomic charges. DFT geometry optimizations yielded roughly spherical structures. Our results for nitrogen gas interaction cross sections showed that values were dependent on the atomic charges definition used in the MOBCAL calculation. This pinpointed the necessity to define a clear theoretical framework before any comparative interpretations can be attempted with uncharacterized compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Lavanant
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 et FR 3038, Université de Rouen; INSA de Rouen; CNRS, IRCOF, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tsybizova A, Ryland BL, Tsierkezos N, Stahl SS, Roithová J, Schröder D. Speciation Behavior of Copper(II) Acetate in Simple Organic Solvents – Revealing the Effect of Trace Water. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201400036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tsybizova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic, http://www.orgchem.cz/roithova
| | - Bradford L. Ryland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706‐1322, USA
| | - Nikos Tsierkezos
- Institut für Chemie, Elektrochemie und Galvanotechnik, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Weimarer Straße 25, 98693 Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Shannon S. Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706‐1322, USA
| | - Jana Roithová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic, http://www.orgchem.cz/roithova
| | - Detlef Schröder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gas-Phase Ion Chemistry of Rare Earths and Actinides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63256-2.00263-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
16
|
Lemke KH. Gold chloride clusters with Au(iii) and Au(i) probed by FT-ICR mass spectrometry and MP2 theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:7813-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp55109a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
17
|
Abstract
Abstract
In the present work the first direct measurement of hydrolysis products of Pu(VI) was achieved by means of nano-electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass-spectrometry. The results indicate that monomeric PuO2(OH)
+
and dimeric (PuO2)2(OH)
2
2+
species are present in solution. A trimeric species does not appear within the detection limit of the experiment, in contrast to U(VI) hydrolysis. The relative abundances of the Pu(VI) hydrolysis species in the ESI mass spectra are in good agreement with the published formation constants.
Collapse
|
18
|
Hyvl J, Agrawal D, Pohl R, Suri M, Glorius F, Schröder D. Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Reveals an Unexpected Coupling Product in the Copper-Promoted Synthesis of Pyrazoles. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om3010417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Hyvl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo Náměstí 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech
Republic
| | - Divya Agrawal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo Náměstí 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech
Republic
- Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Roessle-Straße 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Radek Pohl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo Náměstí 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech
Republic
| | - Mamta Suri
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, International NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, International NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Detlef Schröder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo Náměstí 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech
Republic
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Steudel R, Steudel Y. Polysulfide Chemistry in Sodium-Sulfur Batteries and Related Systems- A Computational Study by G3X(MP2) and PCM Calculations. Chemistry 2013; 19:3162-76. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
20
|
Gal JF, Iacobucci C, Monfardini I, Massi L, Duñach E, Olivero S. A quantitative approach of the interaction between metal triflates and organic ligands using electrospray mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2012; 23:2059-2062. [PMID: 23055073 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-012-0484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between two Lewis "superacid" catalysts Zn(OTf)(2) and In(OTf)(3) and series of amide and phosphate ligands is quantitatively characterized by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). A specific feature of the ESI-MS spectra of the mixture of metal triflates and Lewis bases is the formation of ionic adducts resulting from the displacement of one triflate anion by two neutral ligands. A ligand competition model is developed, which describes the relative intensities of the ionic adducts as a function of relative ligand concentrations. The relative affinities deduced from the ligand competition method are combined in an affinity scale for the metal triflate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Gal
- Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, CNRS-UMR 7272, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Daub CD, Cann NM. Molecular Dynamics Simulations to Examine Structure, Energetics, and Evaporation/Condensation Dynamics in Small Charged Clusters of Water or Methanol Containing a Single Monatomic Ion. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:10488-95. [DOI: 10.1021/jp308217q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Daub
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader
Lane, Kingston,
Ontario, Canada K7L3N6
| | - Natalie M. Cann
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, 90 Bader
Lane, Kingston,
Ontario, Canada K7L3N6
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tsybizova A, Tarábek J, Buchta M, Holý P, Schröder D. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometric investigations of the complexation behavior of macrocyclic thiacrown ethers with bivalent transitional metals (Cu, Co, Ni and Zn). RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:2287-2294. [PMID: 22956320 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Heavy metals are both a problem for the environment and an important resource for industry. Their selective extraction by means of organic ligands therefore is an attractive topic. The coordination of three thiacrown ethers to late 3d-metal ions was investigated by a combination of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). METHODS The mass spectrometric experiments were carried out in an ion trap mass spectrometer with an ESI source. Absolute binding constants were estimated by comparison with data for 18-crown-6/Na(+). EPR spectroscopy was used as a complementary method for investigating the Cu(I) /Cu(II) redox couple. RESULTS The study found that thiacrown ethers preferentially bind traces of copper even at an excess of other metal ions (Co(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II)). The absolute association constants of the Cu(I) complexes were about 10(8) M(-1), and about two orders of magnitude lower for the other 3d-metal cations. The EPR spectra demonstrated that the reduction from Cu(II) to Cu(I) upon formation of the [(thiacrown)Cu](+) species takes place in solution. CONCLUSIONS ESI-MS demonstrated that the three thiacrown ligands examined had high binding constants as well as good selectivities for copper(I) at low concentrations, and in the presence of other metal ions. By a combination of ESI-MS and EPR spectrometry it was shown that the reduction from Cu(II) to Cu(I) occurred in solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tsybizova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Flemingovo náměstí 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Schröder D. Applications of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in mechanistic studies and catalysis research. Acc Chem Res 2012; 45:1521-32. [PMID: 22702223 DOI: 10.1021/ar3000426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic studies form the basis for a better understanding of chemical processes, helping researchers develop more sustainable reactions by increasing the yields of the desired products, reducing waste production, and lowering the consumption of resources and energy overall. Conventional methods for the investigation of reaction mechanisms in solution include kinetic studies, isotope labeling, trapping of reactive intermediates, and advanced spectroscopic techniques. Within the past decade, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has provided an additional tool for mechanistic studies because researchers can directly probe liquid samples by mass spectrometry under gentle conditions. Specifically, ESI-MS allows researchers to identify the molecular entities present in solution over the course of a chemical transformation. ESI-MS is particularly useful for investigations of organic reactions or metal catalysis that involve ionic intermediates. Accordingly, researchers are increasingly using ESI-MS in mechanistic studies and catalyst development. However, a further understanding of the ESI process and how it can facilitate mechanistic studies has not accompanied this increased use of the technique. Therefore, at least in part the ESI-MS method not only has offered great promise for the elucidation of reaction mechanisms but also became a black box with the occasional risk of misinterpretation. In this Account, we summarize applications of ESI-MS for synthetic and mechanistic research. Recently researchers have established direct linkages between gas-phase data obtained via ESI-MS and processes occurring in solution, and these results reveal qualitative and quantitative correlations between ESI-MS measurements and solution properties. In this context, time dependences, concentration series, and counterion effects can serve as criteria that allow researchers assess if the gas-phase measurements correlate with the situation in the solution. Furthermore, we report developments that bridge the gap between gas-phase and solution-phase studies. We also describe predictions derived from ESI-MS that have been verified with solution-phase chemistry experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Detlef Schröder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Schröder D, Buděšínský M, Roithová J. Deprotonation of p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid: Does Electrospray Ionization Sample Solution or Gas-Phase Structures? J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:15897-905. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3060589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Detlef Schröder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Flemingovo nám. 2,
16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Buděšínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Flemingovo nám. 2,
16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Roithová
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 8, 12843 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tsybizova A, Rulíšek L, Schröder D, Rokob TA. Coordination and Bond Activation in Complexes of Regioisomeric Phenylpyridines with the Nickel(II) Chloride Cation in the Gas Phase. J Phys Chem A 2012; 117:1171-80. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3052455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tsybizova
- Institute of Organic
Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Rulíšek
- Institute of Organic
Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Detlef Schröder
- Institute of Organic
Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Tibor András Rokob
- Institute of Organic
Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Shaffer CJ, Révész Á, Schröder D, Severa L, Teplý F, Zins EL, Jašíková L, Roithová J. Can Hindered Intramolecular Vibrational Energy Redistribution Lead to Non-Ergodic Behavior of Medium-Sized Ion Pairs? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:10050-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201203441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
27
|
Shaffer CJ, Révész Á, Schröder D, Severa L, Teplý F, Zins EL, Jašíková L, Roithová J. Kann gehinderter intramolekularer Schwingungsenergietransfer nichtergodisches Verhalten mittelgroßer Ionenpaare bewirken? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201203441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|