1
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Serda M, Korzuch J, Dreszer D, Krzykawska-Serda M, Musioł R. Interactions between modified fullerenes and proteins in cancer nanotechnology. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103704. [PMID: 37453461 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Fullerenes have numerous properties that fill the gap between small molecules and nanomaterials. Several types of chemical reaction allow their surface to be ornamented with functional groups designed to change them into 'ideal' nanodelivery systems. Improved stability, and bioavailability are important, but chemical modifications can render them practically soluble in water. 'Buckyball' fullerene scaffolds can interact with many biological targets and inhibit several proteins essential for tumorigeneses. Herein, we focus on the inhibitory properties of fullerene nanomaterials against essential proteins in cancer nanotechnology, as well as the use of dedicated proteins to improve the bioavailability of these promising nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Serda
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Julia Korzuch
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Dominik Dreszer
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Robert Musioł
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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2
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Huang Q, Zhu W, Gao X, Liu X, Zhang Z, Xing B. Nanoparticles-mediated ion channels manipulation: From their membrane interactions to bioapplications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 195:114763. [PMID: 36841331 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Ion channels are transmembrane proteins ubiquitously expressed in all cells that control various ions (e.g. Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Cl- etc) crossing cellular plasma membrane, which play critical roles in physiological processes including regulating signal transduction, cell proliferation as well as excitatory cell excitation and conduction. Abnormal ion channel function is usually associated with dysfunctions and many diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders, ophthalmic diseases, pulmonary diseases and even cancers. The precise regulation of ion channels not only helps to decipher physiological and pathological processes, but also is expected to become cutting-edge means for disease treatment. Recently, nanoparticles-mediated ion channel manipulation emerges as a highly promising way to meet the increasing requirements with respect to their simple, efficient, precise, spatiotemporally controllable and non-invasive regulation in biomedicine and other research frontiers. Thanks the advantages of their unique properties, nanoparticles can not only directly block the pore sites or kinetics of ion channels through their tiny size effect, and perturb active voltage-gated ion channel by their charged surface, but they can also act as antennas to conduct or enhance external physical stimuli to achieve spatiotemporal, precise and efficient regulation of various ion channel activities (e.g. light-, mechanical-, and temperature-gated ion channels etc). So far, nanoparticles-mediated ion channel regulation has shown potential prospects in many biomedical fields at the interfaces of neuro- and cardiovascular modulation, physiological function regeneration and tumor therapy et al. Towards such important fields, in this typical review, we specifically outline the latest studies of different types of ion channels and their activities relevant to the diseases. In addition, the different types of stimulation responsive nanoparticles, their interaction modes and targeting strategies towards the plasma membrane ion channels will be systematically summarized. More importantly, the ion channel regulatory methods mediated by functional nanoparticles and their bioapplications associated with physiological modulation and therapeutic development will be discussed. Last but not least, current challenges and future perspectives in this field will be covered as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwen Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Weisheng Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiaoyin Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Bengang Xing
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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3
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Ren L, Jing Z, Xia F, Zhang JZ, Li Y. Toxic Effect of Fullerene and Its Derivatives upon the Transmembrane β2-Adrenergic Receptors. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144562. [PMID: 35889435 PMCID: PMC9323646 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous experiments have revealed that fullerene (C60) and its derivatives can bind to proteins and affect their biological functions. In this study, we explored the interaction between fullerine and the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR). The MD simulation results show that fullerene binds with the extracellular loop 2 (ECL2) and intracellular loop 2 (ICL2) of β2AR through hydrophobic interactions and π–π stacking interactions. In the C60_in1 trajectory, due to the π–π stacking interactions of fullerene molecules with PHE and PRO residues on ICL2, ICL2 completely flipped towards the fullerene direction and the fullerene moved slowly into the lipid membrane. When five fullerene molecules were placed on the extracellular side, they preferred to stack into a stable fullerene cluster (a deformed tetrahedral aggregate), and had almost no effect on the structure of β2AR. The hydroxyl groups of fullerene derivatives (C60(OH)X, X represents the number of hydroxyl groups, X = 4, 8) can form strong hydrogen bonds with the ECL2, helix6, and helix7 of β2AR. The hydroxyl groups firmly grasp the β2AR receptor like several claws, blocking the binding entry of ligands. The simulation results show that fullerene and fullerene derivatives may have a significant effect on the local structure of β2AR, especially the distortion of helix4, but bring about no great changes within the overall structure. It was found that C60 did not compete with ligands for binding sites, but blocked the ligands’ entry into the pocket channel. All the above observations suggest that fullerene and its derivatives exhibit certain cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong Ren
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (L.R.); (Z.J.)
| | - Zhenxiang Jing
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (L.R.); (Z.J.)
| | - Fei Xia
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (F.X.); (J.Z.Z.)
| | - John Zenghui Zhang
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; (F.X.); (J.Z.Z.)
| | - Yang Li
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
- Correspondence:
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4
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Foreman-Ortiz IU, Liang D, Laudadio ED, Calderin JD, Wu M, Keshri P, Zhang X, Schwartz MP, Hamers RJ, Rotello VM, Murphy CJ, Cui Q, Pedersen JA. Anionic nanoparticle-induced perturbation to phospholipid membranes affects ion channel function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:27854-27861. [PMID: 33106430 PMCID: PMC7668003 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2004736117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of nanoparticle interaction with cell membranes is essential for designing materials for applications such as bioimaging and drug delivery, as well as for assessing engineered nanomaterial safety. Much attention has focused on nanoparticles that bind strongly to biological membranes or induce membrane damage, leading to adverse impacts on cells. More subtle effects on membrane function mediated via changes in biophysical properties of the phospholipid bilayer have received little study. Here, we combine electrophysiology measurements, infrared spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations to obtain insight into a mode of nanoparticle-mediated modulation of membrane protein function that was previously only hinted at in prior work. Electrophysiology measurements on gramicidin A (gA) ion channels embedded in planar suspended lipid bilayers demonstrate that anionic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) reduce channel activity and extend channel lifetimes without disrupting membrane integrity, in a manner consistent with changes in membrane mechanical properties. Vibrational spectroscopy indicates that AuNP interaction with the bilayer does not perturb the conformation of membrane-embedded gA. Molecular dynamics simulations reinforce the experimental findings, showing that anionic AuNPs do not directly interact with embedded gA channels but perturb the local properties of lipid bilayers. Our results are most consistent with a mechanism in which anionic AuNPs disrupt ion channel function in an indirect manner by altering the mechanical properties of the surrounding bilayer. Alteration of membrane mechanical properties represents a potentially important mechanism by which nanoparticles induce biological effects, as the function of many embedded membrane proteins depends on phospholipid bilayer biophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dongyue Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | | | - Jorge D Calderin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Puspam Keshri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Michael P Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Robert J Hamers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Catherine J Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Qiang Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Joel A Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706;
- Department of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
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5
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Callahan KM, Mondou B, Sasseville L, Schwartz JL, D'Avanzo N. The influence of membrane bilayer thickness on KcsA channel activity. Channels (Austin) 2020; 13:424-439. [PMID: 31608774 PMCID: PMC6802934 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2019.1676367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atomic resolution structures have provided significant insight into the gating and permeation mechanisms of various ion channels, including potassium channels. However, ion channels may also be regulated by numerous factors, including the physiochemical properties of the membrane in which they are embedded. For example, the matching of the bilayer's hydrophobic region to the hydrophobic external surface of the ion channel is thought to minimize the energetic penalty needed to solvate hydrophobic residues or exposed lipid tails. To understand the molecular basis of such regulation by hydrophobic matching requires examining channels in the presence of the lipid membrane. Here we examine the role of hydrophobic matching in regulating the activity of the model potassium channel, KcsA. 86Rb+ influx assays and single-channel recordings indicate that the non-inactivating E71A KcsA channel is most active in thin bilayers (<diC18:1PC). Bilayer thickness affects the open probability of KcsA and not its unitary conductance. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the bilayer can sufficiently modify its dimensions to accommodate KcsA channels without major perturbations in the protein helical packing within the nanosecond timescale. Based on experimental results and MD simulations, we present a model in which bilayer thickness influences the stability of the open and closed conformations of the intracellular gate of KcsA, with minimal impact on the stability of the selectivity filter of the non-inactivating mutant, E71A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Callahan
- From the Département de pharmacologie et physiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal , Montréal , Canada
| | - Benoit Mondou
- Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Université de Montréal , Montréal , Canada
| | - Louis Sasseville
- From the Département de pharmacologie et physiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal , Montréal , Canada
| | - Jean-Louis Schwartz
- From the Département de pharmacologie et physiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal , Montréal , Canada.,Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Université de Montréal , Montréal , Canada.,Centre SÈVE, Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Canada
| | - Nazzareno D'Avanzo
- From the Département de pharmacologie et physiologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal , Montréal , Canada.,Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Université de Montréal , Montréal , Canada
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6
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Chen L, Yang J, Li X, Liang T, Nie C, Xie F, Liu K, Peng X, Xie J. Carbon nanoparticles enhance potassium uptake via upregulating potassium channel expression and imitating biological ion channels in BY-2 cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:21. [PMID: 31992314 PMCID: PMC6986061 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-0581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) have been reported to boost plant growth, while the mechanism that CNPs enhanced potassium uptake for plant growth has not been reported so far. RESULTS In this study, the function that CNPs promoted potassium uptake in BY-2 cells was established and the potassium accumulated in cells had a significant correlation with the fresh biomass of BY-2 cells. The K+ accumulation in cells increased with the increasing concentration of CNPs. The K+ influx reached high level after treatment with CNPs and was significantly higher than that of the control group and the negative group treated with K+ channels blocker, tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA+). The K+ accumulation was not reduced in the presence of CNPs inhibitors. In the presence of potassium channel blocker TEA+ or CNPs inhibitors, the NKT1 gene expression was changed compared with the control group. The CNPs were found to preferentially transport K+ than other cations determined by rectification of ion current assay (RIC) in a conical nanocapillary. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that CNPs upregulated potassium gene expression to enhance K+ accumulation in BY-2 cells. Moreover, it was speculated that the CNPs simulated protein of ion channels via bulk of carboxyl for K+ permeating. These findings will provide support for improving plant growth by carbon nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jinchu Yang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co. Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Taibo Liang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Cong Nie
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Fuwei Xie
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kejian Liu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jianping Xie
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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7
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Yin S, Liu J, Kang Y, Lin Y, Li D, Shao L. Interactions of nanomaterials with ion channels and related mechanisms. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:3754-3774. [PMID: 31290152 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological potential of nanotechnology, especially in drug delivery and bioengineering, has developed rapidly in recent decades. Ion channels, which are easily targeted by external agents, such as nanomaterials (NMs) and synthetic drugs, due to their unique structures, have attracted increasing attention in the fields of nanotechnology and pharmacology for the treatment of ion channel-related diseases. NMs have significant effects on ion channels, and these effects are manifested in many ways, including changes in ion currents, kinetic characteristics and channel distribution. Subsequently, intracellular ion homeostasis, signalling pathways, and intracellular ion stores are affected, leading to the initiation of a range of biological processes. However, the effect of the interactions of NMs with ion channels is an interesting topic that remains obscure. In this review, we have summarized the recent research progress on the direct and indirect interactions between NMs and ion channels and discussed the related molecular mechanisms, which are crucial to the further development of ion channel-related nanotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhan Yin
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyuan Kang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongjian Li
- Liwan District Stomatology Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
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8
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Hilder TA, Robinson A, Chung SH. Functionalized Fullerene Targeting Human Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel, hNa v1.7. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:1747-1755. [PMID: 28586206 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations of hNav1.7 that cause its activities to be enhanced contribute to severe neuropathic pain. Only a small number of hNav1.7 specific inhibitors have been identified, most of which interact with the voltage-sensing domain of the voltage-activated sodium ion channel. In our previous computational study, we demonstrated that a [Lys6]-C84 fullerene binds tightly (affinity of 46 nM) to NavAb, the voltage-gated sodium channel from the bacterium Arcobacter butzleri. Here, we extend this work and, using molecular dynamics simulations, demonstrate that the same [Lys6]-C84 fullerene binds strongly (2.7 nM) to the pore of a modeled human sodium ion channel hNav1.7. In contrast, the fullerene binds only weakly to a mutated model of hNav1.7 (I1399D) (14.5 mM) and a model of the skeletal muscle hNav1.4 (3.7 mM). Comparison of one representative sequence from each of the nine human sodium channel isoforms shows that only hNav1.7 possesses residues that are critical for binding the fullerene derivative and blocking the channel pore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsyn A. Hilder
- School
of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6040, New Zealand
- Computational
Biophysics Group, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Anna Robinson
- Computational
Biophysics Group, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Shin-Ho Chung
- Computational
Biophysics Group, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
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9
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Trozzi F, Marforio TD, Bottoni A, Zerbetto F, Calvaresi M. Engineering the Fullerene-protein Interface by Computational Design: The Sum is More than its Parts. Isr J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Trozzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; Università di Bologna; via F. Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Tainah Dorina Marforio
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; Università di Bologna; via F. Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Andrea Bottoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; Università di Bologna; via F. Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Francesco Zerbetto
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; Università di Bologna; via F. Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; Alma Mater Studiorum; Università di Bologna; via F. Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
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10
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Calvaresi M, Furini S, Domene C, Bottoni A, Zerbetto F. Blocking the passage: C60 geometrically clogs K(+) channels. ACS NANO 2015; 9:4827-4834. [PMID: 25873341 DOI: 10.1021/nn506164s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations combined with docking calculations, potential of mean force estimates with the umbrella sampling method, and molecular mechanic/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) energy calculations reveal that C60 may block K(+) channels with two mechanisms: a low affinity blockage from the extracellular side, and an open-channel block from the intracellular side. The presence of a low affinity binding-site at the extracellular entrance of the channel is in agreement with the experimental results showing a fast and reversible block without use-dependence, from the extracellular compartment. Our simulation protocol suggests the existence of another binding site for C60 located in the channel cavity at the intracellular entrance of the selectivity filter. The escape barrier from this binding site is ∼21 kcal/mol making the corresponding kinetic rate of the order of minutes. The analysis of the change in solvent accessible surface area upon C60 binding shows that binding at this site is governed purely by shape complementarity, and that the molecular determinants of binding are conserved in the entire family of K(+) channels. The presence of this high-affinity binding site conserved among different K(+) channels may have serious implications for the toxicity of carbon nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Calvaresi
- †Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Furini
- ‡Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Siena, viale M. Bracci 12, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Carmen Domene
- §Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
- ⊥Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, U.K
| | - Andrea Bottoni
- †Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Zerbetto
- †Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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11
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Lehto M, Karilainen T, Róg T, Cramariuc O, Vanhala E, Tornaeus J, Taberman H, Jänis J, Alenius H, Vattulainen I, Laine O. Co-exposure with fullerene may strengthen health effects of organic industrial chemicals. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114490. [PMID: 25473947 PMCID: PMC4256445 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro toxicological studies together with atomistic molecular dynamics simulations show that occupational co-exposure with C60 fullerene may strengthen the health effects of organic industrial chemicals. The chemicals studied are acetophenone, benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, m-cresol, and toluene which can be used with fullerene as reagents or solvents in industrial processes. Potential co-exposure scenarios include a fullerene dust and organic chemical vapor, or a fullerene solution aerosolized in workplace air. Unfiltered and filtered mixtures of C60 and organic chemicals represent different co-exposure scenarios in in vitro studies where acute cytotoxicity and immunotoxicity of C60 and organic chemicals are tested together and alone by using human THP-1-derived macrophages. Statistically significant co-effects are observed for an unfiltered mixture of benzaldehyde and C60 that is more cytotoxic than benzaldehyde alone, and for a filtered mixture of m-cresol and C60 that is slightly less cytotoxic than m-cresol. Hydrophobicity of chemicals correlates with co-effects when secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α is considered. Complementary atomistic molecular dynamics simulations reveal that C60 co-aggregates with all chemicals in aqueous environment. Stable aggregates have a fullerene-rich core and a chemical-rich surface layer, and while essentially all C60 molecules aggregate together, a portion of organic molecules remains in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maili Lehto
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Topi Karilainen
- Tampere University of Technology, Department of Physics, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Tampere University of Technology, Department of Physics, Tampere, Finland
| | - Oana Cramariuc
- Tampere University of Technology, Department of Physics, Tampere, Finland
| | - Esa Vanhala
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Helena Taberman
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Chemistry, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Janne Jänis
- University of Eastern Finland, Department of Chemistry, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Harri Alenius
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilpo Vattulainen
- Tampere University of Technology, Department of Physics, Tampere, Finland
- University of Southern Denmark, MEMPHYS – Center for Biomembrane Physics, Odense, Denmark
| | - Olli Laine
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
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12
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Radic S, Nedumpully-Govindan P, Chen R, Salonen E, Brown JM, Ke PC, Ding F. Effect of fullerenol surface chemistry on nanoparticle binding-induced protein misfolding. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:8340-8349. [PMID: 24934397 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr01544d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene and its derivatives with different surface chemistry have great potential in biomedical applications. Accordingly, it is important to delineate the impact of these carbon-based nanoparticles on protein structure, dynamics, and subsequently function. Here, we focused on the effect of hydroxylation - a common strategy for solubilizing and functionalizing fullerene - on protein-nanoparticle interactions using a model protein, ubiquitin. We applied a set of complementary computational modeling methods, including docking and molecular dynamics simulations with both explicit and implicit solvent, to illustrate the impact of hydroxylated fullerenes on the structure and dynamics of ubiquitin. We found that all derivatives bound to the model protein. Specifically, the more hydrophilic nanoparticles with a higher number of hydroxyl groups bound to the surface of the protein via hydrogen bonds, which stabilized the protein without inducing large conformational changes in the protein structure. In contrast, fullerene derivatives with a smaller number of hydroxyl groups buried their hydrophobic surface inside the protein, thereby causing protein denaturation. Overall, our results revealed a distinct role of surface chemistry on nanoparticle-protein binding and binding-induced protein misfolding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slaven Radic
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
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Calvaresi M, Arnesano F, Bonacchi S, Bottoni A, Calò V, Conte S, Falini G, Fermani S, Losacco M, Montalti M, Natile G, Prodi L, Sparla F, Zerbetto F. C60@Lysozyme: direct observation by nuclear magnetic resonance of a 1:1 fullerene protein adduct. ACS NANO 2014; 8:1871-7. [PMID: 24450489 DOI: 10.1021/nn4063374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Integrating carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) with proteins to form hybrid functional assemblies is an innovative research area with great promise for medical, nanotechnology, and materials science. The comprehension of CNP-protein interactions requires the still-missing identification and characterization of the 'binding pocket' for the CNPs. Here, using Lysozyme and C60 as model systems and NMR chemical shift perturbation analysis, a protein-CNP binding pocket is identified unambiguously in solution and the effect of the binding, at the level of the single amino acid, is characterized by a variety of experimental and computational approaches. Lysozyme forms a stoichiometric 1:1 adduct with C60 that is dispersed monomolecularly in water. Lysozyme maintains its tridimensional structure upon interaction with C60 and only a few identified residues are perturbed. The C60 recognition is highly specific and localized in a well-defined pocket.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Calvaresi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna , via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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14
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Hilder TA, Chung SH. Designing a C84 fullerene as a specific voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2013; 8:323. [PMID: 23855749 PMCID: PMC3726465 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-8-323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Fullerene derivatives demonstrate considerable potential for numerous biological applications, such as the effective inhibition of HIV protease. Recently, they were identified for their ability to indiscriminately block biological ion channels. A fullerene derivative which specifically blocks a particular ion channel could lead to a new set of drug leads for the treatment of various ion channel-related diseases. Here, we demonstrate their extraordinary potential by designing a fullerene which mimics some of the functions of μ-conotoxin, a peptide derived from cone snail venom which potently binds to the bacterial voltage-gated sodium channel (NavAb). We show, using molecular dynamics simulations, that the C84 fullerene with six lysine derivatives uniformly attached to its surface is selective to NavAb over a voltage-gated potassium channel (Kv1.3). The side chain of one of the lysine residues protrudes into the selectivity filter of the channel, while the methionine residues located just outside of the channel form hydrophobic contacts with the carbon atoms of the fullerene. The modified C84 fullerene strongly binds to the NavAb channel with an affinity of 46 nM but binds weakly to Kv1.3 with an affinity of 3 mM. This potent blocker of NavAb may serve as a structural template from which potent compounds can be designed for the targeting of mammalian Nav channels. There is a genuine need to target mammalian Nav channels as a form of treatment of various diseases which have been linked to their malfunction, such as epilepsy and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsyn A Hilder
- Computational Biophysics Group, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, ACT 0200 Canberra, Australia
| | - Shin-Ho Chung
- Computational Biophysics Group, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, ACT 0200 Canberra, Australia
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