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Jia Q, Krogman JP. Intramolecular Arene Bonds of Complexes Featuring Terphenyl Bis(carbene) Macrocyclic Ligands. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Jia
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jeremy P. Krogman
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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Coste SC, Pearson TJ, Altman AB, Klein RA, Finney BA, Hu MY, Alp EE, Vlaisavljevich B, Freedman DE. Orbital energy mismatch engenders high-spin ground states in heterobimetallic complexes. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9971-9977. [PMID: 34094259 PMCID: PMC8162423 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03777j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The spin state in heterobimetallic complexes heavily influences both reactivity and magnetism. Exerting control over spin states in main group-based heterobimetallics requires a different approach as the orbital interactions can differ substantially from that of classic coordination complexes. By deliberately engendering an energetic mismatch within the two metals in a bimetallic complex we can mimic the electronic structure of lanthanides. Towards this end, we report a new family of complexes, [Ph,MeTpMSnPh3] where M = Mn (3), Fe (4), Co (5), Ni (6), Zn (7), featuring unsupported bonding between a transition metal and Sn which represent an unusual high spin electronic structure. Analysis of the frontier orbitals reveal the desired orbital mismatch with Sn 5s/5p primarily interacting with 4s/4p M orbitals yielding localized, non-bonding d orbitals. This approach offers a mechanism to design and control spin states in bimetallic complexes. We report a series of high spin bimetallic transition metal–tin complexes. The unusual high spin configuration in a bimetallic complex is enabled by an energetic mismatch in the orbital energies, leading to lanthanide-like nonbonding interactions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Coste
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Tyler J Pearson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Alison B Altman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Ryan A Klein
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
| | - Brian A Finney
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota Vermillion South Dakota 57069 USA
| | - Michael Y Hu
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL 60439 USA
| | - E Ercan Alp
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL 60439 USA
| | - Bess Vlaisavljevich
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota Vermillion South Dakota 57069 USA
| | - Danna E Freedman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA
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Gray M, Hines MT, Parsutkar MM, Wahlstrom AJ, Brunelli NA, RajanBabu TV. Mechanism of Cobalt-Catalyzed Heterodimerization of Acrylates and 1,3-Dienes. A Potential Role of Cationic Cobalt(I) Intermediates. ACS Catal 2020; 10:4337-4348. [PMID: 32457820 PMCID: PMC7250405 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Coupling reactions of feedstock alkenes are promising, but few of these reactions are practiced industrially. Even though recent advances in the synthetic methodology have led to excellent regio- and enantioselectivies in the dimerization reactions between 1,3-dienes and acrylates, the efficiency as measured by the turnover numbers (TON) in the catalyst has remained modest. Through a combination of reaction progress kinetic analysis (RPKA) of a prototypical dimerization reaction, characterization of isolated low-valent cobalt catalyst precursors involved, several important details of the mechanism of this reaction have emerged. (i) The prototypical reaction has an induction period that requires at least two hours of stir time to generate the competent catalyst. (ii) Reduction of a Co(II) complex to a Co(I) complex, and subsequent generation of a cationic [Co(I)]+ species are responsible for this delay. (iii) Through RPKA using in situ IR spectroscopy, same excess experiments reveal inhibition by the product towards the end of the reaction and no catalyst deactivation is observed as long as diene is present in the medium. The low TON observed is most likely the result of the inherent instability of the putative cationic Co(I)-species that catalyzes the reaction. (iv) Different excess experiments suggest that the reaction is first order in the diene and zero order in the acrylate. (v) Catalyst loading experiments show that the catalyst is first order. The orders in the various regents were further confirmed by Variable Time Normalization Analysis (VTNA). (vi) A mechanism based on oxidative dimerization [via Co(I)/Co(III)-cycle] is proposed. Based on the results of this study, it is possible to increase the TON by a factor of 10 by conducting the reaction at an increased concentration of the starting materials, especially, the diene, which seems to stabilize the catalytic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montgomery Gray
- 151 W. Woodruff, Columbus, OH 43210 and the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Michael T Hines
- The Ohio State University, William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mahesh M Parsutkar
- 151 W. Woodruff, Columbus, OH 43210 and the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - A J Wahlstrom
- The Ohio State University, William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Nicholas A Brunelli
- The Ohio State University, William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - T V RajanBabu
- 151 W. Woodruff, Columbus, OH 43210 and the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Nehrkorn J, Veber SL, Zhukas LA, Novikov VV, Nelyubina YV, Voloshin YZ, Holldack K, Stoll S, Schnegg A. Determination of Large Zero-Field Splitting in High-Spin Co(I) Clathrochelates. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:15330-15340. [PMID: 30495930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Nehrkorn
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
- Berlin Joint EPR Laboratory, Institut für Nanospektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Kekuléstr. 5, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Sergey L. Veber
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya str. 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 1, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Liudmila A. Zhukas
- International Tomography Center, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya str. 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 1, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentin V. Novikov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia V. Nelyubina
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yan Z. Voloshin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova str. 28, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Karsten Holldack
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Stoll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- Berlin Joint EPR Laboratory, Institut für Nanospektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Kekuléstr. 5, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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Jing SM, Balasanthiran V, Pagar V, Gallucci JC, RajanBabu TV. Catalytic Enantioselective Hetero-dimerization of Acrylates and 1,3-Dienes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18034-18043. [PMID: 29120629 PMCID: PMC5729116 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
1,3-Dienes are ubiquitous and easily synthesized starting materials for organic synthesis, and alkyl acrylates are among the most abundant and cheapest feedstock carbon sources. A practical, highly enantioselective union of these two readily available precursors giving valuable, enantio-pure skipped 1,4-diene esters (with two configurationally defined double bonds) is reported. The process uses commercially available cobalt salts and chiral ligands. As illustrated by the use of 20 different substrates, including 17 prochiral 1,3-dienes and 3 acrylates, this hetero-dimerization reaction is tolerant of a number of common organic functional groups (e.g., aromatic substituents, halides, isolated mono- and di-substituted double bonds, esters, silyl ethers, and silyl enol ethers). The novel results including ligand, counterion, and solvent effects uncovered during the course of these investigations show a unique role of a possible cationic Co(I) intermediate in these reactions. The rational evolution of a mechanism-based strategy that led to the eventual successful outcome and the attendant support studies may have further implications for the expanding use of low-valent group 9 metal complexes in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley M. Jing
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18 Avenue, Columbus, OHIO 43210, United States
| | - Vagulejan Balasanthiran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18 Avenue, Columbus, OHIO 43210, United States
| | - Vinayak Pagar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18 Avenue, Columbus, OHIO 43210, United States
| | - Judith C. Gallucci
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18 Avenue, Columbus, OHIO 43210, United States
| | - T. V. RajanBabu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18 Avenue, Columbus, OHIO 43210, United States
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Napoline JW, Kraft SJ, Matson EM, Fanwick PE, Bart SC, Thomas CM. Tris(phosphinoamide)-supported uranium-cobalt heterobimetallic complexes featuring Co → U dative interactions. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:12170-7. [PMID: 24111545 DOI: 10.1021/ic402343q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A series of tris- and tetrakis(phosphinoamide) U/Co complexes has been synthesized. The uranium precursors, (η(2)-Ph2PN(i)Pr)4U (1), (η(2)-(i)Pr2PNMes)4U (2), (η(2)-Ph2PN(i)Pr)3UCl (3), and (η(2)-(i)Pr2PNMes)3UI (4), were easily accessed via addition of the appropriate stoichiometric equivalents of [Ph2PN(i)Pr]K or [(i)Pr2PNMes]K to UCl4 or UI4(dioxane)2. Although the phosphinoamide ligands in 1 and 4 have been shown to coordinate to U in an η(2)-fashion in the solid state, the phosphines are sufficiently labile in solution to coordinate cobalt upon addition of CoI2, generating the heterobimetallic Co/U complexes ICo(Ph2PN(i)Pr)3U[η(2)-Ph2PN(i)Pr] (5), ICo((i)Pr2PNMes)3U[η(2)-((i)Pr2PNMes)] (6), ICo(Ph2PN(i)Pr)3UI (7), and ICo((i)Pr2PNMes)3UI (8). Structural characterization of complexes 5 and 7 reveals reasonably short Co-U interatomic distances, with 7 exhibiting the shortest transition metal-uranium distance ever reported (2.874(3) Å). Complexes 7 and 8 were studied by cyclic voltammetry to examine the influence of the metal-metal interaction on the redox properties compared with both monometallic Co and heterobimetallic Co/Zr complexes. Theoretical studies are used to further elucidate the nature of the transition metal-actinide interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wesley Napoline
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University , 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, United States
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