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Ramamoorthy RK, Yildirim E, Rodriguez-Ruiz I, Roblin P, Lacroix LM, Diaz A, Parmar R, Teychené S, Viau G. Sub-millisecond microfluidic mixers coupled to time-resolved in situ photonics to study ultra-fast reaction kinetics: the case of ultra-small gold nanoparticle synthesis. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:327-338. [PMID: 38088259 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00778b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
We report a continuous microreactor platform achieving sub-millisecond homogeneous reagent mixing (∼300 μs) for a time-resolved study on the synthesis of ultra-small gold nanoparticles (NPs). The microreactor (coupled with small angle X-ray scattering, UV-vis, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy for in situ and in operando characterizations), operates within mixing time frames below system characteristic times, providing a unique opportunity to deepen the comprehension of reaction and phase transition pathways with unprecedented details. The microreactor channel length can be approximated to a given reaction time when operated in continuous mode and steady state. As a result, the system can be statically investigated, eliminating technique-dependent probing time constraints and local inhomogeneities caused by mixing issues. We have studied Au(0) NP formation kinetics from Au(III) precursors complexed with oleylamine in organic media, using triisopropylsilane as a reducing agent. The existence of Au(III)/Au(I) prenucleation clusters and the formation of a transient Au(I) lamellar phase under certain conditions, before the onset of Au(0) formation, have been observed. Taking advantage of the high frequency time-resolved information, we propose and model two different reaction pathways associated with the presence or absence of the Au(I) lamellar phase. In both cases, non-classical pathways leading to the formation of NPs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Ramamoorthy
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, INP, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
- Fédération de Recherche FeRMAT, CNRS, INP, INSA, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Ezgi Yildirim
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
| | - Isaac Rodriguez-Ruiz
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, INP, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| | - Pierre Roblin
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, INP, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| | - Lise-Marie Lacroix
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 103 boulevard Saint Michel, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ana Diaz
- Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Rohan Parmar
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, INP, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| | - Sébastien Teychené
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, CNRS, INP, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| | - Guillaume Viau
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
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2
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Yao L, Bojic D, Liu M. Applications and safety of gold nanoparticles as therapeutic devices in clinical trials. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:960-967. [PMID: 37842655 PMCID: PMC10568098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Use of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in medicine is an emerging field of translational research with vast clinical implications and exciting therapeutic potential. However, the safety of using GNPs in human subjects is an important question that remains unanswered. This study reviews over 20 clinical trials focused on GNP safety and aims to summarize all the clinical studies, completed and ongoing, to identify whether GNPs are safe to use in humans as a therapeutic platform. In these studies, GNPs were implemented as drug delivery devices, for photothermal therapy, and utilized for their intrinsic therapeutic effects by various routes of delivery. These studies revealed no major safety concerns with the use of GNPs; however, the number of trials and total patient number remains limited. Multi-dose, multi-center blinded trials are required to deepen our understanding of the use of GNPs in clinical settings to facilitate translation of this novel, multifaceted therapeutic device. Expanding clinical trials will require collaboration between clinicians, scientists, and biotechnology companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leeann Yao
- Latner Thoracic Surgical Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Dejan Bojic
- Latner Thoracic Surgical Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgical Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Medicine and Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
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3
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Moskalevska I, Faure V, Haye L, Mercey-Ressejac M, Dey AK, Chovelon B, Soro LK, Charbonnière LJ, Reisch A, Klymchenko AS, Marche PN, Coll JL, Macek Jilkova Z, le Guével X. Intracellular accumulation and immunological response of NIR-II polymeric nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2022; 630:122439. [PMID: 36503846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) are extremely promising for theranostic applications. However, their interest depends largely on their interactions with immune system, including the capacity to activate inflammation after their capture by macrophages. In the present study, we generated monodisperse poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) NPs loaded with hydrophobic photoluminescent gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) emitting in the NIR-II optical windows and studied their interaction in vitro with J774.1A macrophages. PEMA NPs showed an efficient time and dose dependent cellular uptake with up to 70 % of macrophages labelled in 24 h without detectable cell death. Interestingly, PEMA and Au-PEMA NPs induced an anti-inflammatory response and a strong down-regulation of nitric oxide level on lipopolysacharides (LPS) activated macrophages, but without influence on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These polymeric NPs may thus present a potential interest for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Moskalevska
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Virginie Faure
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Lucie Haye
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Marion Mercey-Ressejac
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France; Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, Pôle Digidune, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Arindam K Dey
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Benoit Chovelon
- Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, France; Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Lohona K Soro
- Equipe de Synthèse Pour l'Analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Loïc J Charbonnière
- Equipe de Synthèse Pour l'Analyse (SynPA), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), UMR 7178, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Andreas Reisch
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies UMR 7021, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Patrice N Marche
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Zuzana Macek Jilkova
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France; Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, Pôle Digidune, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Xavier le Guével
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/ INSERM-U1209 / CNRS-UMR 5309, Grenoble, France
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4
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Gold catalysts supported on TiO 2 -nanotubes for the selective hydrogenation of p -substituted nitrobenzenes. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2017.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Wang P, Qi X, Zhang X, Wang T, Li Y, Zhang K, Zhao S, Zhou J, Fu Y. Solvent: A Key in Digestive Ripening for Monodisperse Au Nanoparticles. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:25. [PMID: 28070836 PMCID: PMC5222767 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1797-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This work has mainly investigated the influence of the solvent on the nanoparticles distribution in digestive ripening. The experiments suggested that the solvents played a key role in digestive ripening of Au nanoparticles (Au NPs). For the benzol solvents, the resulting size distribution of Au NPs was inversely related to the solvent polarity. It may be interpreted by the low Gibbs free energy of nanoparticles in the high polarity medium, which was supposedly in favor of reducing the nanoparticles distribution. Through digestive ripening in the highly polar benzol solvent of p-chlorotoluene, monodisperse Au NPs with relative standard deviation (RSD) of 4.8% were achieved. This indicated that digestive ripening was an effective and practical way to prepare high-quality nanoparticles, which holds great promise for the nanoscience and nanotechnology. Graphical Abstract The polarity of benzol solvent plays significant role in obtaining high-quality monodisperse Au nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xuan Qi
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Tieqiang Wang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Yunong Li
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Jun Zhou
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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6
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Huang T, Huang L, Jiang Y, Hu F, Sun Z, Pan G, Wei S. Direct self-focusing synthesis of monodisperse [Au8(PPh3)7]2+ nanoclusters. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:12239-12244. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02657a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Direct synthesis of atomically monodisperse Au8 nanoclusters via the self-focusing process during NaBH4 reduction of Au(PPh3)2Cl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Huang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- P. R. China
| | - Li Huang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- P. R. China
| | - Yong Jiang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- P. R. China
| | - Fengchun Hu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- P. R. China
| | - Zhihu Sun
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- P. R. China
| | - Guoqiang Pan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- P. R. China
| | - Shiqiang Wei
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230029
- P. R. China
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7
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Abstract
We report on a modified solid-state nanopore measurement scheme to probe alcohol-soluble proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhrubajyoti Basu Roy
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engin and Sciences
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine
- Winston-Salem
- USA
| | - Adam R. Hall
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engin and Sciences
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine
- Winston-Salem
- USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center
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8
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Huang Y, Liu W, Cheng H, Yao T, Yang L, Bao J, Huang T, Sun Z, Jiang Y, Wei S. Solvent-induced desorption of alkanethiol ligands from Au nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:15927-33. [PMID: 27241025 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00480f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Removing surfactants from a colloidal metal nanoparticle surface is necessary for their realistic applications, and how they could be stripped is a subject of active investigation. Here, we report a solvent-induced desorption of dodecanethiol ligands from the gold nanoparticle surface, and traced this desorption process using a combination of in situ X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and Raman spectroscopic techniques. In situ analysis results reveal that the solvent exchange of ethanol with tetrahydrofuran (THF) can effectively remove dodecanethiol ligands while keeping the particle morphology unchanged. Upon increasing the THF/ethanol ratio from 0 : 1 to 5 : 1, the surface coverage of thiol on the Au surface is reduced from 0.47 to 0.07, suggesting the depletion of ligands first from the nanoparticle facet sites, then from the edge sites, while the ligands at the corner sites are intact. This work enriches our knowledge on surfactant removal and may pave the way towards preparing surface-clean nanoparticles for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Huang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, P. R. China.
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9
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Choi JR, Hu J, Wang S, Yang H, Wan Abas WAB, Pingguan-Murphy B, Xu F. Paper-based point-of-care testing for diagnosis of dengue infections. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2016; 37:100-111. [PMID: 26912259 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2016.1139541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Dengue endemic is a serious healthcare concern in tropical and subtropical countries. Although well-established laboratory tests can provide early diagnosis of acute dengue infections, access to these tests is limited in developing countries, presenting an urgent need to develop simple, rapid, and robust diagnostic tools. Point-of-care (POC) devices, particularly paper-based POC devices, are typically rapid, cost-effective and user-friendly, and they can be used as diagnostic tools for the prompt diagnosis of dengue at POC settings. Here, we review the importance of rapid dengue diagnosis, current dengue diagnostic methods, and the development of paper-based POC devices for diagnosis of dengue infections at the POC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Ru Choi
- a The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , P.R. China.,b Department of Biomedical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia.,c Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Jie Hu
- a The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , P.R. China.,c Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - ShuQi Wang
- d State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P.R. China.,e Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Hangzhou , P.R. China.,f Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- g School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an , P.R. China , and.,h Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an , P.R. China
| | - Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas
- b Department of Biomedical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Belinda Pingguan-Murphy
- b Department of Biomedical Engineering , Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Feng Xu
- a The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , P.R. China.,c Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , P.R. China
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10
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Senut MC, Zhang Y, Liu F, Sen A, Ruden DM, Mao G. Size-Dependent Toxicity of Gold Nanoparticles on Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Their Neural Derivatives. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:631-46. [PMID: 26676601 PMCID: PMC5033512 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201502346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the use of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) for assessing nanotoxicology, specifically, the effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of different core sizes (1.5, 4, and 14 nm) on the viability, pluripotency, neuronal differentiation, and DNA methylation of hESCs. The hESCs exposed to 1.5 nm thiolate-capped AuNPs exhibit loss of cohesiveness and detachment suggesting ongoing cell death at concentrations as low as 0.1 μg mL(-1). The cells exposed to 1.5 nm AuNPs at this concentration do not form embryoid bodies but rather disintegrate into single cells within 48 h. Cell death caused by 1.5 nm AuNPs also occur in hESC-derived neural progenitor cells. None of the other nanoparticles exhibit toxic effects on the hESCs at concentrations as high as 10 μg mL(-1) during a 19 d neural differentiation period. Thiolate-capped 4 nm AuNPs at 10 μg mL(-1) cause a dramatic decrease in global DNA methylation (5 mC) and a corresponding increase in global DNA hydroxymethylation (5 hmC) of the hESC's DNA in only 24 h. This work identifies a type of AuNPs highly toxic to hESCs and demonstrates the potential of hESCs in predicting nanotoxicity and characterizing their ability to alter the DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation patterns in the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claude Senut
- Institute of Environmental Health and Sciences, Wayne State University, 275 East Hancock Road, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, 5050 Anthony Wayne Drive, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Fangchao Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, 5050 Anthony Wayne Drive, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Arko Sen
- Institute of Environmental Health and Sciences, Wayne State University, 275 East Hancock Road, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Douglas M. Ruden
- Institute of Environmental Health and Sciences, Wayne State University, 275 East Hancock Road, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Guangzhao Mao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, 5050 Anthony Wayne Drive, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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11
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Al Zaki A, Hui JZ, Higbee E, Tsourkas A. Biodistribution, Clearance, and Toxicology of Polymeric Micelles Loaded with 0.9 or 5 nm Gold Nanoparticles. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2015; 11:1836-46. [PMID: 26502646 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2015.2142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Long-circulating gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have garnered a great deal of interest as both imaging and therapeutic agents. However, their protracted elimination and long-term persistence within many organ systems remains a concern for clinical translation. To improve the excretion of long-circulating nanoparticles, we prepared -80 nm biodegradable polymeric micelles with 0.9 nm or 5 nm AuNPs tightly packed within the hydrophobic core. These gold-loaded polymeric micelles (GPMs) were expected to allow for improved excretion of gold, compared with single large AuNPs, owing to the smaller size and larger surface-to-volume ratio of the individual AuNPs within the micelle. Following intravenous administration of GPMs, organs were harvested and examined for gold content using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for up to 3 months post-injection. While both GPM formulations showed significant clearance of gold over time, micelles containing 0.9 nm AuNPs showed a 72% and 67% reduction in gold content in the liver and spleen, respectively, between 1 day and 3 months post-injection, compared with a 38% and 35% reduction in mice receiving 5 nm GPMs. Furthermore, feces and urine analysis revealed approximately 7.5 and 100 times more gold, respectively, in mice that received 0.9 nm GPMs one day after injection. These findings suggest that the excretion profile of inorganic nanomaterials may be improved if clusters of small inorganic materials are used in favor of single solid particles.
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12
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Yang L, Cheng H, Jiang Y, Huang T, Bao J, Sun Z, Jiang Z, Ma J, Sun F, Liu Q, Yao T, Deng H, Wang S, Zhu M, Wei S. In situ studies on controlling an atomically-accurate formation process of gold nanoclusters. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:14452-14459. [PMID: 26251928 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr03711e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of the molecular formation mechanism of metal nanoclusters is essential for developing chemistry for accurate control over their synthesis. Herein, the "top-down" synthetic process of monodisperse Au13 nanoclusters via HCl etching of polydisperse Aun clusters (15 ≤ n ≤ 65) is traced by a combination of in situ X-ray/UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and time-dependent mass spectrometry. It is revealed experimentally that the HCl-induced synthesis of Au13 is achieved by accurately controlling the etching process with two distinctive steps, in sharp contrast to the traditional thiol-etching mechanism through release of the Au(i) complex. The first step involves the direct fragmentation of the initial larger Aun clusters into metastable intermediate Au8-Au13 smaller clusters. This is a critical step, which allows for the secondary size-growth step of the intermediates toward the atomically monodisperse Au13 clusters via incorporating the reactive Au(i)-Cl species in the solution. Such a secondary-growth pathway is further confirmed by the successful growth of Au13 through reaction of isolated Au11 clusters with AuClPPh3 in the HCl environment. This work addresses the importance of reaction intermediates in guiding the way towards controllable synthesis of metal nanoclusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Yang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, P. R. China.
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13
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Orthaber A, Löfås H, Öberg E, Grigoriev A, Wallner A, Jafri SHM, Santoni MP, Ahuja R, Leifer K, Ottosson H, Ott S. Cooperative Gold Nanoparticle Stabilization by Acetylenic Phosphaalkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Orthaber A, Löfås H, Öberg E, Grigoriev A, Wallner A, Jafri SHM, Santoni MP, Ahuja R, Leifer K, Ottosson H, Ott S. Cooperative Gold Nanoparticle Stabilization by Acetylenic Phosphaalkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [PMID: 26211907 PMCID: PMC4557036 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Acetylenic phosphaalkenes (APAs) are used as a novel type of ligands for the stabilization of gold nanoparticles (AuNP). As demonstrated by a variety of experimental and analytical methods, both structural features of the APA, that is, the P=C as well as the C≡C units are essential for NP stabilization. The presence of intact APAs on the AuNP is demonstrated by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and first principle calculations indicate that bonding occurs most likely at defect sites on the Au surface. AuNP-bound APAs are in chemical equilibrium with free APAs in solution, leading to a dynamic behavior that can be explored for facile place-exchange reactions with other types of anchor groups such as thiols or more weakly binding phosphine ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry/Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala (Sweden).
| | - Henrik Löfås
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala (Sweden)
| | - Elisabet Öberg
- Department of Chemistry/Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala (Sweden)
| | - Anton Grigoriev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala (Sweden)
| | - Andreas Wallner
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, 75123 Uppsala (Sweden)
| | - S Hassan M Jafri
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 534, 75121 Uppsala (Sweden)
| | - Marie-Pierre Santoni
- Department of Chemistry/Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala (Sweden)
| | - Rajeev Ahuja
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala (Sweden)
| | - Klaus Leifer
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 534, 75121 Uppsala (Sweden)
| | - Henrik Ottosson
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, 75123 Uppsala (Sweden)
| | - Sascha Ott
- Department of Chemistry/Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala (Sweden).
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15
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Crespo J, Guari Y, Ibarra A, Larionova J, Lasanta T, Laurencin D, López-de-Luzuriaga JM, Monge M, Olmos ME, Richeter S. Ultrasmall NHC-coated gold nanoparticles obtained through solvent free thermolysis of organometallic Au(i) complexes. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:15713-8. [PMID: 25245422 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02160f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (Au UNPs) represent a unique class of nanomaterials making them very attractive for certain applications. Herein, we developed an organometallic approach to the synthesis of Au UNPs stabilized with the C18H37-NHC ligand by the solvent free thermolysis of [RMIM][Au(C6F5)2] () or [Au(C6F5)(RNHC)] () (with R = C18H37-), by controlling the reactivity of pentafluorophenyl ligands as deprotonating or reductive elimination agents; Au UNPs can be achieved by solvent free thermolysis. Pentafluorophenyl Au(i) complexes and are synthesized from the corresponding ionic and neutral precursors. The presence of long alkyl chain imidazolium or carbene species in the complexes makes them to behave as isotropic liquids at moderate temperatures. The use of multinuclear NMR allows the description of the mechanism of formation of the UNPs as well as the surface state of the UNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Crespo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ). Complejo Científico-Tecnológico, 26004-Logroño, Spain.
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16
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Liu S, Sun Z, Liu Q, Wu L, Huang Y, Yao T, Zhang J, Hu T, Ge M, Hu F, Xie Z, Pan G, Wei S. Unidirectional thermal diffusion in bimetallic Cu@Au nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2014; 8:1886-1892. [PMID: 24472038 DOI: 10.1021/nn4063825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the atomic diffusions at the nanoscale is important for controlling the synthesis and utilization of nanomaterials. Here, using in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy coupled with theoretical calculations, we demonstrate a so far unexplored unidirectional diffusion from the Au shell to the Cu core in thermally alloying Cu@Au core@shell architecture of ca. 7.1 nm. The initial diffusion step at 423 K is found to be characterized by the formation of a diffusion layer composed of a Au-dilute substitutional CuAu-like intermetallic compound with short Cu-Au bond length (2.61 Å). The diffusion further happens by the migration of the Au atoms with large disorder into the interior Cu matrix at higher temperatures (453 and 553 K). These results suggest that the structural preference of a CuAu-like compound, along with the nanosized effect, plays a critical role in determining the atomic diffusion dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoujie Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230029, People's Republic of China
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17
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Cheng H, Yang L, Jiang Y, Huang Y, Sun Z, Zhang J, Hu T, Pan Z, Pan G, Yao T, Bian Q, Wei S. Adsorption kinetic process of thiol ligands on gold nanocrystals. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:11795-11800. [PMID: 24122096 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr04020h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the kinetic mechanism during ligand adsorption on gold nanocrystals is important for designing and fine-tuning their properties and implications. Here, we report a kinetic study on the adsorption process of dodecanethiol ligands on Au nanocrystals of 3.3 nm by an in situ time-resolved X-ray absorption fine structure technique. A two-step process of dodecanethiol adsorption on Au NC surfaces is proposed based on the obtained ligand coverage, which shows a quick increase from 0 to 0.40 within the first 20 min, followed by a much slower increase to the limiting value of 0.94. In-depth analysis suggests that the first stage involves the quick adsorption of dodecanethiol to the corner and edge sites of Au NCs surfaces, leading to remarkable surface Au-Au bond length relaxation (from 2.79 to 2.81 Å) and pronounced gold-to-ligand charge transfer. The second step that corresponds to the much slower adsorption process to the surface facets could be described by the Langmuir kinetics equation with an adsorption rate constant of 0.0132 min(-1) and an initial coverage of 0.41, in good agreement with the initially preferable adsorption of thiols to the most favorable sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, P.R. China.
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18
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Tian J, Xu J, Zhu F, Lu T, Su C, Ouyang G. Application of nanomaterials in sample preparation. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1300:2-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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19
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Kharissova OV, Kharisov BI, Jiménez-Pérez VM, Muñoz Flores B, Ortiz Méndez U. Ultrasmall particles and nanocomposites: state of the art. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43418d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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20
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Li Y, Cheng H, Yao T, Sun Z, Yan W, Jiang Y, Xie Y, Sun Y, Huang Y, Liu S, Zhang J, Xie Y, Hu T, Yang L, Wu Z, Wei S. Hexane-Driven Icosahedral to Cuboctahedral Structure Transformation of Gold Nanoclusters. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:17997-8003. [DOI: 10.1021/ja306923a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi Xie
- Department of
Nanomaterials
and Nanochemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences
at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Yongfu Sun
- Department of
Nanomaterials
and Nanochemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences
at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | | | | | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation
Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yaning Xie
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation
Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Tiandou Hu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation
Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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