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Monroy-Licht A, Méndez-Cuadro D, Olivero-Verbel J. Elemental mercury accumulation in Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laubach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:9898-9913. [PMID: 36064851 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aquatic macrophyte Eichhornia crassipes has great potential for the control of Hg pollution in the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the capability of E. crassipes to accumulate elemental mercury (Hg0). The plants were exposed for 30 days to 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg of Hg0 in a 1-L Hoagland medium with the Hg0 settled at the bottom of the flask. The roots of the plants did not touch the mercury during the treatment. After exposure, the total Hg (T-Hg) concentrations in the roots, leaves, and stems were measured using a direct mercury (Hg) analyzer. The highest concentrations were found at 80 mg Hg0 treatment in the roots, leaves, and stems, in that order. The translocation factor indicated a poor capability of Hg to translocate from the roots to the shoots. The relative growth and the root-length inhibition measurements showed that the differences between Hg0 treatments were not significant. In addition, the treatments negatively affected the chlorophyll concentration. The carotenoid content was found to be significantly different at 20 and 40 mg of Hg0 in 1 L. Regarding the carbonyl index in root proteins, significant differences compared to control were found at the highest Hg treatment. Based on these results, it was shown that E. crassipes is able to take up elemental Hg from Hoagland medium. However, the Hg0 treatments did not show a strong stress-response activation mechanism in the evaluated plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Monroy-Licht
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Zaragocilla Campus, 130014, Cartagena, Colombia
- Chemistry and Biology Group, Chemistry and Biology Department, Universidad del Norte, 081007, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Darío Méndez-Cuadro
- Analytical Chemistry and Biomedicine Group, Department of Biology, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Cartagena, 130015, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
| | - Jesus Olivero-Verbel
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Zaragocilla Campus, 130014, Cartagena, Colombia.
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Figueira E, Matos D, Cardoso P, Pires A, Fernandes C, Tauler R, Bedia C. A biochemical and lipidomic approach to perceive Halimione portulacoides (L.) response to mercury: An environmental perspective. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 186:114393. [PMID: 36463719 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The impact of hazardous materials, such as Hg, on life is far from being understood and due to the high number of polluted sites it has generated great concern. A biochemical and lipidomic approach was used to assess the effects of Hg on the saltmarsh halophyte Halimione portulacoides. Plants were collected at two sites of a Hg contaminated saltmarsh. Hg accumulation and distribution in the plant, biochemical parameters (antioxidant and metabolic) and lipid profiles were determined and compared between plant organs and sites (s1 and s2). Hg did not induce antioxidant enzyme activity. Lipid profiles changed under Hg exposure, especially in leaves, decreasing the unsaturation level, the membrane fluidity and stability, and evidencing that membrane lipid remodeling influences plant tolerance to Hg. This knowledge can help select the most appropriate methodologies for the restoration of Hg polluted hotspots, curtailing a serious environmental problem threatening saltmarshes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etelvina Figueira
- Department of Biology & CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Diana Matos
- Department of Biology & CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo Cardoso
- Department of Biology & CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adília Pires
- Department of Biology & CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Célia Fernandes
- Department of Biology & CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Romà Tauler
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), c/ Jordi Girona 18-24, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Bedia
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), c/ Jordi Girona 18-24, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Abeywardhana DC, Adikaram NM, Kularatne RKA. Are mangrove forests reliable sinks of heavy metals due to phytoremediation and other mechanisms? A Sri Lankan perspective. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 177:113453. [PMID: 35278907 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present a viewpoint regarding the prospects in Sri Lanka (a tropical island nation) to depend on mangroves in the remediation of heavy metal laden coastal environments. Sri Lanka has a rich array of lagoons and estuaries (total extent of 1580.17 km2) with ideal brackish water habitats to allow mangrove proliferation and for more restoration works. Furthermore, our estimates of Total Potential Ecological Risk (PER < 150) indicate that ecological risk from metallic contamination of coastal sediments is low, which means mangrove ecosystems would be ideal natural treatment systems for such low polluting environments (but as final cum tertiary treatment systems only). Mangroves are neither metal hyperaccumulators nor good phytoremediators (no ability to take up more than 5000 mg/kg dry weight of a given metal or exhibit a bioconcentration factor ≥ 1000), which means not very effective for high polluting environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nayana Madurya Adikaram
- Department of Physical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Sciences, South Eastern University, Sri Lanka
| | - Ranil Kavindra Asela Kularatne
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora Campus, Australia; Faculty of Graduate Studies, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
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Moreno F, Moreno J, Fatela F, Guise L, Vieira C, Leira M. Bromine biogeodynamics in the NE Atlantic: A perspective from natural wetlands of western Portugal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137649. [PMID: 32208235 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bromine (Br) cycling in natural wetlands is highly complex, including abiotic/biotic processes and multiphase inorganic/organic Br-species. Wetland ecosystems receive Br primarily from the ocean, functioning as either sinks or sources of Br, with the overall imbalance largely decided by the prevailing climate. Aiming to trace the present-day transport of oceanogenic Br (i.e., derived from salt-water spray-droplets) and its uptake and storage in brackish and freshwater wetlands, we surveyed waters, autochthonous plants, and soils/sediments from coastal marshes and mountain peatlands in the westernmost fringe of northern Portugal. The calculated enrichment factors of bromide (Br-) relative to chloride in rainfall (EFsea = 16.8-75.3), rivers (EFsea = 1.3-13.9) and wetland waters, superficial (EFsea = 5.8-13.1) and interstitial (EFsea = 2.1-8.9), increased towards the inland highlands. We hypothesized that these values derived mostly from a known Br autocatalytic (heterogeneous) chemical cycle, starting at the seawater-aqueous interface and progressing in altitude. Br-bearing air masses are carried far from the Atlantic Ocean by moist westerlies, with Br- rainout from the atmosphere supplying the neighbouring mountain peatlands. Average [Br] in sampled wetland soils/sediments (111-253 mg/kg) agreed with values from other coastal regions, and they were directly correlated with the abundance of organic matter, varying irrespective the [Br-] of interstitial waters (129 μg/L-79 mg/L). According to the computed bioconcentration factors, the aqueous component was the major source of Br for all plant species investigated (BFplant/water = 2.1-508.0), as described elsewhere. However, Br contents in plants (14-173 mg/kg) evidenced interspecific differences, also suggesting a divergence from the acknowledged halophytic-glycophytic "model". As plants are recognized producers of Br volatile molecules (e.g., methyl bromide, CH3Br), we interpreted translocation factors less than one in vascular species as explanatory of phytovolatilization rather than restriction of Br- upward movement in plants. Further investigation is needed, since considerable intrinsic plant variations in CH3Br emissions are mentioned in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Moreno
- Instituto de Ciências da Terra (ICT), Pólo da Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - J Moreno
- Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - F Fatela
- Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Geologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L Guise
- Departamento de Ciências da Terra (DCT), Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - C Vieira
- Museu de História Natural e Ciência da Universidade do Porto (MHNC-UP)/UPorto/Infra-estrutura de Colecções Científicas Portuguesas - (PRIS-POCI-01-0145FEDER-022168), Praça Gomes Teixeira, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Leira
- Departamento de Bioloxía, Universidade da Coruña, Campus da Zapateira, 15071A Coruña, Spain
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Freitas R, de Marchi L, Moreira A, Pestana JLT, Wrona FJ, Figueira E, Soares AMVM. Physiological and biochemical impacts induced by mercury pollution and seawater acidification in Hediste diversicolor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 595:691-701. [PMID: 28407586 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the impacts of predicted seawater acidification and Hg pollution, when stressors were acting alone and in combination, on the polychaete Hediste diversicolor. Polychaetes were exposed during 28days to low pH (7.5), Hg (5μg/L) and pH7.5+Hg, and physiological alterations (respiration rate), biochemical markers related to metabolic potential (glycogen and protein content, electron transport system activity) and oxidative status (activity of antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes, lipid peroxidation) were evaluated. The results obtained clearly showed that polychaetes were sensitive to low pH and Hg contamination, both acting alone or in combination. Organisms used their energy reserves under stressful conditions, which decreased by up to half of the control content, probably to fuel defence mechanisms. Our findings further demonstrated that polychaetes exposed to these stressors presented increased antioxidant defence mechanisms (3 fold compared to control). However, organisms were not able to prevent cellular damage, especially noticed at Hg exposure and pH7.5. Overall, although all the tested conditions induced oxidative stress in Hediste diversicolor, the combined effect of seawater acidification and Hg contamination did not induce higher impacts in polychaetes than single stressor exposures. These findings may indicate that predicted climate change scenarios may not increase Hediste diversicolor sensitivity towards Hg and may not significantly change the toxicity of this contaminant to this polychaete species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Lucia de Marchi
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Anthony Moreira
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João L T Pestana
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Frederick J Wrona
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Geography, David Turpin Building, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Velez C, Freitas R, Antunes SC, Soares AMVM, Figueira E. Clams sensitivity towards As and Hg: A comprehensive assessment of native and exotic species. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 125:43-54. [PMID: 26655232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To assess the environmental impact of As and Hg, bioindicator organisms such as bivalves have been used. Nevertheless, few studies have assessed the impacts of As and Hg in Ruditapes decussatus and Ruditapes philippinarum, which are native and exotic species in Europe, respectively. The main goal of the present study was to assess elements' partitioning and detoxification strategies of R. decussatus and R. philippinarum. Both clams showed a higher capacity to bioconcentrate Hg (BCF 2.29-7.49), when compared to As (0.59-1.09). Furthermore, As accumulation in both species was similar in the soluble and insoluble fractions, while in both species the majority of Hg was found in the insoluble fraction. Clams exposed to As showed different detoxification strategies, since R. decussatus had higher ability to enhance antioxidant enzymes and metallothioneins in order to reduce toxicity, and R.philippinarum increased glutathione S-transferase Ω activity, that catalyzes monomethyl arsenate reduction, the rate-limiting reaction in arsenic biotransformation. When exposed to Hg, R. decussatus presented, higher synthesis of antioxidant enzymes and lower LPO, being able to better tolerate Hg than the exotic species R. philippinarum. Thus under relevant levels of As and Hg contamination our work evidenced the higher ability of R. decussatus to survive and inhabit coastal environments not heavily contaminated by Hg and As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Velez
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sara C Antunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Rua dos Bragas 289, 450-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Cosio C, Flück R, Regier N, Slaveykova VI. Effects of macrophytes on the fate of mercury in aquatic systems. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2014; 33:1225-1237. [PMID: 24375961 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Vegetated and shallow areas such as wetlands and salt marshes, as well as freshwater lakes and rivers, have been identified as hotspots for Hg methylation. The presence of aquatic macrophytes, the predominant primary producers in shallow waters, plays an important but still poorly understood role in the fate of Hg in these environments. The present review focuses on the influences of macrophytes on Hg speciation and distribution in sediments, the rhizosphere, and the water column; on Hg transformation; and on Hg release to the environment, including transfer to the trophic web. Future research will require an improved understanding of the mechanisms and the factors controlling these aspects as well as a broader general view. Thus, the main gaps in knowledge are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cosio
- Institute F.-A. Forel, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Versoix, Switzerland
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Anjum NA, Duarte AC, Pereira E, Ahmad I. Oxidative stress status, antioxidant metabolism and polypeptide patterns in Juncus maritimus shoots exhibiting differential mercury burdens in Ria de Aveiro coastal lagoon (Portugal). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:6652-61. [PMID: 24488555 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the oxidative stress status, antioxidant metabolism and polypeptide patterns in salt marsh macrophyte Juncus maritimus shoots exhibiting differential mercury burdens in Ria de Aveiro coastal lagoon at reference and the sites with highest, moderate and the lowest mercury contamination. In order to achieve these goals, shoot-mercury burden and the responses of representative oxidative stress indices, and the components of both non-glutathione- and glutathione-based H2O2-metabolizing systems were analyzed and cross-talked with shoot-polypeptide patterns. Compared to the reference site, significant elevations in J. maritimus shoot mercury and the oxidative stress indices such as H2O2, lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage and reactive carbonyls were maximum at the site with highest followed by moderate and the lowest mercury contamination. Significantly elevated activity of non-glutathione-based H2O2-metabolizing enzymes such as ascorbate peroxidase and catalase accompanied the studied damage-endpoint responses, whereas the activity of glutathione-based H2O2-scavenging enzymes glutathione peroxidase and glutathione sulfo-transferase was inhibited. Concomitantly, significantly enhanced glutathione reductase activity and the contents of both reduced and oxidized glutathione were perceptible in high mercury-exhibiting shoots. It is inferred that high mercury-accrued elevations in oxidative stress indices were obvious, where non-glutathione-based H2O2-decomposing enzyme system was dominant over the glutathione-based H2O2-scavenging enzyme system. In particular, the glutathione-based H2O2-scavenging system failed to coordinate with elevated glutathione reductase which in turn resulted into increased pool of oxidized glutathione and the ratio of oxidized glutathione-to-reduced glutathione. The substantiation of the studied oxidative stress indices and antioxidant metabolism with approximately 53-kDa polypeptide warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser A Anjum
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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