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Minniti G, Laurindo LF, Machado NM, Duarte LG, Guiguer EL, Araujo AC, Dias JA, Lamas CB, Nunes YC, Bechara MD, Baldi Júnior E, Gimenes FB, Barbalho SM. Mangifera indica L., By-Products, and Mangiferin on Cardio-Metabolic and Other Health Conditions: A Systematic Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2270. [PMID: 38137871 PMCID: PMC10744517 DOI: 10.3390/life13122270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mango and its by-products have traditional medicinal uses. They contain diverse bioactive compounds offering numerous health benefits, including cardioprotective and metabolic properties. This study aimed to explore the impact of mango fruit and its by-products on human health, emphasizing its metabolic syndrome components. PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE, and GOOGLE SCHOLAR were searched following PRISMA guidelines, and the COCHRANE handbook was utilized to assess bias risks. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown several benefits of mango and its by-products. For this systematic review, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. The collective findings indicated that the utilization of mango in various forms-ranging from fresh mango slices and mango puree to mango by-products, mango leaf extract, fruit powder, and mangiferin-yielded many favorable effects. These encompassed enhancements in glycemic control and improvements in plasma lipid profiles. Additionally, mango reduces food intake, elevates mood scores, augments physical performance during exercise, improves endothelial function, and decreases the incidence of respiratory tract infections. Utilizing mango by-products supports the demand for healthier products. This approach also aids in environmental conservation. Furthermore, the development of mango-derived nanomedicines aligns with sustainable goals and offers innovative solutions for healthcare challenges whilst being environmentally conscious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Minniti
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Lucas Fornari Laurindo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Nathalia Mendes Machado
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
| | - Lidiane Gonsalves Duarte
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
| | - Elen Landgraf Guiguer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano Cressoni Araujo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
| | - Jefferson Aparecido Dias
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
| | - Caroline Barbalho Lamas
- Department of Gerontology, School of Gerontology, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil;
| | - Yandra Crevelin Nunes
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (FAMEMA), Marília 17519-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Marcelo Dib Bechara
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
| | - Edgar Baldi Júnior
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
| | - Fabrício Bertoli Gimenes
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil; (G.M.); (N.M.M.); (E.L.G.); (A.C.A.); (M.D.B.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil; (L.G.D.); (J.A.D.); (E.B.J.); (F.B.G.)
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
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Deng X, Chen B, Luo Q, Zao X, Liu H, Li Y. Hulless barley polyphenol extract inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells and obesity related-enzymes. Front Nutr 2022; 9:933068. [PMID: 35990339 PMCID: PMC9389463 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.933068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by excessive lipid accumulation, hypertrophy, and hyperplasia of adipose cells. Hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f.) is the principal crop grown in the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Polyphenols, the major bioactive compound in hulless barley, possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties. However, the anti-obesity effect of hulless barley polyphenol (HBP) extract has not been explored. Therefore, the current study assessed the impact of HBP extract on preventing obesity. For this purpose, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of HBP extract against obesity-related enzymes. Moreover, we investigated the effect of HBP extract on adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis through 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our results demonstrated that HBP extract could inhibit α-amylase, α-glucosidase (α-GLU), and lipase in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, HBP extract inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by arresting the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, the extract suppressed the expression of adipogenic transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), regulating fatty acid synthase (FAS), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL). It was also observed that HBP extract alleviated intracellular lipid accumulation by attenuating oxidative stress. These findings specify that HBP extract could inhibit obesity-related enzymes, adipocyte differentiation, and adipogenesis. Therefore, it is potentially beneficial in preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Deng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Bi Chen
- School of Life and Health Science, Kaili University, Kaili, China
| | - Qin Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xingru Zao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Haizhe Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Bio-Waste Products of Mangifera indica L. Reduce Adipogenesis and Exert Antioxidant Effects on 3T3-L1 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020363. [PMID: 35204243 PMCID: PMC8869144 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies highlighted the beneficial value of natural compounds in the prevention and treatment of obesity. Here, we investigated the anti-obesity effects of extracts of peel and seed of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivated in Sicily (Italy) in 3T3-L1 cells. Mango Peel (MPE) and Mango Seed (MSE) extracts at a 100 µg/mL concentration significantly reduced lipid accumulation and triacylglycerol contents during 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation without toxicity. HPLC-ESI-MS analysis showed that both the extracts contain some polyphenolic compounds that can account for the observed biological effects. The anti-adipogenic effect of MPE and MSE was the result of down-regulation of the key adipogenic transcription factor PPARγ and its downstream targets FABP4/aP2, GLUT4 and Adipsin, as well SREBP-1c, a transcription factor which promotes lipogenesis. In addition, both MPE and MSE significantly activated AMPK with the consequent inhibition of Acetyl-CoA-carboxylase (ACC) and up-regulated PPARα. The addition of compound C, a specific AMPK inhibitor, reduced the effects of MPE and MSE on AMPK and ACC phosphorylation, suggesting a role of AMPK in mediating MPE and MSE anti-lipogenic effects. Notably, MPE and MSE possess an elevated radical scavenging activity, as demonstrated by DPPH radical scavenging assay, and reduced ROS content produced during adipocyte differentiation. This last effect could be a consequence of the increase in the antioxidant factors Nrf2, MnSOD and HO-1. In conclusion, MPE and MSE possesses both anti-adipogenic and antioxidant potential, thus suggesting that the bio-waste products of mango are promising anti-obesity natural compounds.
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Fyfe S, Smyth HE, Schirra HJ, Rychlik M, Sultanbawa Y. The Nutritional Potential of the Native Australian Green Plum ( Buchanania obovata) Compared to Other Anacardiaceae Fruit and Nuts. Front Nutr 2020; 7:600215. [PMID: 33392239 PMCID: PMC7772180 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.600215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The native Australian green plum (Buchanania obovata) is a small fruit that grows in the northern parts of the Northern Territory and Western Australia. The fruit belongs to the family Anacardiaceae, which includes the other agriculturally important fruit mangoes, pistachios and cashew nuts. The green plum is a favored species of fruit for the Aboriginal communities and an important bush food in the Northern Territory. To date, only minimal scientific studies have been performed on the green plum as a food. This review is about plant foods in the family Anacardiaceae and the key nutritional compounds that occur in these fruit and nuts. It looks at the more traditional nutrient profiles, some key health metabolites, allergens and anti-nutrients that occur, and the role these foods play in the health of populations. This provides a guide for future studies of the green plum to show what nutritional and anti-nutritional properties and compounds should be analyzed and if there are areas where future studies should focus. This review includes an update on studies and analysis of the green plum and how its nutritional properties give it potential as a food for diet diversification in Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Fyfe
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia
| | - Heather E. Smyth
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Michael Rychlik
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Yasmina Sultanbawa
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia
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Sharma A, Mittal S, Aggarwal R, Chauhan MK. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease: inter-relation of risk factors and treatment. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00151-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The diabetes mellitus prevalence is still advancing and increasingly becoming one of the globally most severe and expensive chronic illnesses. The strong correlation between diabetes as well as the most prominent reason for diabetes and death in diabetic patients is cardiovascular disorders. Health conditions like dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and other factors of risk like the risk of cardiovascular are frequent in diabetic persons and raise the likelihood of heart attacks.
Main text
In particular, several researchers have found diabetes mellitus-related biochemical pathways that raise the likelihood of cardiovascular disorder in people with diabetes individually. This review describes diabetes-cardiovascular disorder relationships, explores potential therapeutic mechanisms, addresses existing treatment, care, and describes the directions for the future for study.
Conclusion
Thus, in individuals with diabetes, it is important to concentrate on cardiovascular threat variables to reduce the illness’s lasting cardiovascular complications. Further work to enhance knowledge of the disease state and its impact on cardiovascular function is required to boost medical treatment and cardiovascular disorders result in people with diabetes.
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Umamahesh K, Gandhi AD, Reddy OVS. Ethnopharmacological Applications of Mango ( Mangiferaindica L.) Peel - A Review. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:1298-1303. [PMID: 32310046 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200420075759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mango peel is a major by-product of mango (Mangifera Indica L.) fruit that belongs to the Anacardiaceae family. It is a tropical or subtropical fruit and is a potent source of polyphenolic contents. In traditional medicines, mango peel extract has been commonly used, either singly or in combination with other plant extracts against different ailments since ancient times. METHODS An electronic database search for accepted articles in Pubmed, Google Scholar, Researchgate, Google, Scopus and Science Direct was used to review the scientific inputs by searching appropriate keywords. Some information was obtained from books and databases on medicinal plants used in different periods. RESULTS Numerous reports revealed that mango peel contains a wide spectrum of phytochemical compounds like polyphenolics and flavonoids. A mango peel is a potential source of antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antibacterial and antiproliferative properties. This review suggests that mango peel could be a potential drug to treat various clinical conditions in the future. CONCLUSION In this review, a number of phytochemicals have been summarized for their pharmacological properties and the mechanisms of action, and the possible potential therapeutic applications of mango peel against various diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katike Umamahesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati -517 502, India
| | - Arumugam D Gandhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Nano and Energy Biosciences Laboratory, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu - 632115, India
| | - Obulam V S Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati -517 502, India
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Fang C, Kim H, Yanagisawa L, Bennett W, Sirven MA, Alaniz RC, Talcott ST, Mertens‐Talcott SU. Gallotannins and
Lactobacillus plantarum
WCFS1 Mitigate High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Inflammation and Induce Biomarkers for Thermogenesis in Adipose Tissue in Gnotobiotic Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1800937. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuo Fang
- Department of Nutrition and Food ScienceTexas A&M University College Station 77843 TX USA
| | - Hyemee Kim
- Department of Nutrition and Food ScienceTexas A&M University College Station 77843 TX USA
| | - Lora Yanagisawa
- Microbial Pathogenesis and ImmunologyCollege of MedicineTexas A&M University College Station 77843 TX USA
| | - William Bennett
- Department of Nutrition and Food ScienceTexas A&M University College Station 77843 TX USA
| | - Maritza A. Sirven
- Department of Nutrition and Food ScienceTexas A&M University College Station 77843 TX USA
| | - Robert C. Alaniz
- Microbial Pathogenesis and ImmunologyCollege of MedicineTexas A&M University College Station 77843 TX USA
| | - Stephen T. Talcott
- Department of Nutrition and Food ScienceTexas A&M University College Station 77843 TX USA
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Fang C, Kim H, Barnes RC, Talcott ST, Mertens-Talcott SU. Obesity-Associated Diseases Biomarkers Are Differently Modulated in Lean and Obese Individuals and Inversely Correlated to Plasma Polyphenolic Metabolites After 6 Weeks of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Consumption. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800129. [PMID: 29797702 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Mangos are a rich source of gallotannin-derived polyphenols that may exert anti-inflammatory effects relevant to obesity-related chronic diseases. This randomized human clinical study investigated the influence of daily mango supplementation for 6 weeks on inflammation and metabolic functions in lean and obese individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS Lean (n = 12, body mass index [BMI] 18-26.2 kg m-2 ) and obese (n = 9, BMI >28.9 kg m-2 ) participants, aged 18-65 years received daily 400 g of mango pulp for 6 weeks. Inflammatory cytokines, metabolic hormones, and lipid profiles were examined in plasma before and after 6 weeks. In lean participants, systolic blood pressure was lowered by 4 mmHg after 6 weeks. In obese participants, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were reduced by 18% and 20%, respectively. Obese participants showed decreased plasma concentrations (area under the curve [AUC] 0-8h ) of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Correlation analysis indicates that the beneficial effects of mango supplementation on pro-inflammatory cytokines, PAI-1 and HbA1c, are associated with systemic exposure to polyphenolic metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Mango supplementation improves the plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and metabolic hormones in obese participants. There is a crucial need to investigate the role of lowered polyphenolic absorption in obese individuals on their efficacy in reducing biomarkers for inflammation and other risk factors for chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuo Fang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843, TX, USA
| | - Hyemee Kim
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843, TX, USA
| | - Ryan C Barnes
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843, TX, USA
| | - Stephen T Talcott
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, 77843, TX, USA
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Cheok CY, Mohd Adzahan N, Abdul Rahman R, Zainal Abedin NH, Hussain N, Sulaiman R, Chong GH. Current trends of tropical fruit waste utilization. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:335-361. [PMID: 27246698 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1176009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent rapid growth of the world's population has increased food demands. This phenomenon poses a great challenge for food manufacturers in maximizing the existing food or plant resources. Nowadays, the recovery of health benefit bioactive compounds from fruit wastes is a research trend not only to help minimize the waste burden, but also to meet the intensive demand from the public for phenolic compounds which are believed to have protective effects against chronic diseases. This review is focused on polyphenolic compounds recovery from tropical fruit wastes and its current trend of utilization. The tropical fruit wastes include in discussion are durian (Durio zibethinus), mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.), rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), mango (Mangifera indica L.), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), papaya (Carica papaya), passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp), and pineapple (Ananas comosus). Highlights of bioactive compounds in different parts of a tropical fruit are targeted primarily for food industries as pragmatic references to create novel innovative health enhancement food products. This information is intended to inspire further research ideas in areas that are still under-explored and for food processing manufacturers who would like to minimize wastes as the norm of present day industry (design) objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon Yoong Cheok
- a Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , UCSI University , KL Campus (South Wing), Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Noranizan Mohd Adzahan
- b Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Technology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Russly Abdul Rahman
- c Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Technology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Nur Hanani Zainal Abedin
- c Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Technology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Norhayati Hussain
- b Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Technology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Rabiha Sulaiman
- b Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Technology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Gun Hean Chong
- b Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Technology , Universiti Putra Malaysia , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
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Ulla A, Alam MA, Sikder B, Sumi FA, Rahman MM, Habib ZF, Mohammed MK, Subhan N, Hossain H, Reza HM. Supplementation of Syzygium cumini seed powder prevented obesity, glucose intolerance, hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress in high carbohydrate high fat diet induced obese rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:289. [PMID: 28578702 PMCID: PMC5455177 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1799-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity and related complications have now became epidemic both in developed and developing countries. Cafeteria type diet mainly composed of high fat high carbohydrate components which plays a significant role in the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. This study investigated the effect of Syzygium cumini seed powder on fat accumulation and dyslipidemia in high carbohydrate high fat diet (HCHF) induced obese rats. Method Male Wistar rats were fed with HCHF diet ad libitum, and the rats on HCHF diet were supplemented with Syzygium cumini seed powder for 56 days (2.5% w/w of diet). Oral glucose tolerance test, lipid parameters, liver marker enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) and lipid peroxidation products were analyzed at the end of 56 days. Moreover, antioxidant enzyme activities were also measured in all groups of rats. Results Supplementation with Syzygium cumini seed powder significantly reduced body weight gain, white adipose tissue (WAT) weights, blood glucose, serum insulin, and plasma lipids such as total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and HDL concentration. Syzygium cumini seed powder supplementation in HCHF rats improved serum aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities. Syzygium cumini seed powder supplementation also reduced the hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and elevated the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities as well as increased glutathione (GSH) concentration. In addition, histological assessment showed that Syzygium cumini seed powder supplementation prevented inflammatory cell infiltration; fatty droplet deposition and fibrosis in liver of HCHFD fed rats. Conclusion Our investigation suggests that Syzygium cumini seed powder supplementation prevents oxidative stress and showed anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic activity in liver of HCHF diet fed rats. In addition, Syzygium cumini seed powder may be beneficial in ameliorating insulin resistance and dyslipidemia probably by increasing lipid metabolism in liver of HCHF diet fed rats.
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Ojo B, El-Rassi GD, Payton ME, Perkins-Veazie P, Clarke S, Smith BJ, Lucas EA. Mango Supplementation Modulates Gut Microbial Dysbiosis and Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production Independent of Body Weight Reduction in C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. J Nutr 2016; 146:1483-91. [PMID: 27358411 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.226688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity is associated with changes in the gut microbiota. Fiber and other bioactive compounds in plant-based foods are suggested to prevent gut dysbiosis brought on by HF feeding. Mango is high in fiber and has been reported to have anti-obesogenic, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory properties. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effects of freeze-dried mango pulp combined with an HF diet on the cecal microbial population and its relation to body composition, lipids, glucose parameters, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, and gut inflammatory markers in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. METHODS Six-wk-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatment groups: control (AIN-93M, 10% fat kcal), HF (60% fat kcal), and HF + 1% or 10% mango (HF+1%M or HF+10%M, wt:wt) for 12 wk. The cecal microbial population was assessed by use of 16S rDNA sequencing. Body composition, plasma glucose and lipids, cecal and fecal SCFAs, and mRNA abundance of inflammatory markers in the ileum and colonic lamina propria were assessed. RESULTS Compared with the control group, HF feeding significantly reduced (P < 0.05) 1 operational taxonomic unit (OTU) of the genus Bifidobacteria (64-fold) and 5 OTUs of the genus Akkermansia (≥16-fold). This reduction was prevented in the HF+10%M group, members of which had 10% higher final body weight compared with the HF group (P = 0.01) and similar fasting blood glucose concentrations (P = 0.24). The HF+10%M group had 135% (P = 0.004) and 133% (P < 0.0001) greater fecal acetic and n-butyric acids concentrations than the HF group, suggesting greater microbial fermentation. Furthermore, a 59% greater colonic interleukin 10 (Il10) gene expression was observed in the HF+10%M group than in the HF group (P = 0.048), indicating modulation of gut inflammation. The HF+1%M group generally did not differ from the HF group. CONCLUSIONS The addition of mango to an HF diet modulated the gut microbiota and production of SCFAs in C57BL/6 mice; these changes may improve gut tolerance to the insult of an HF diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark E Payton
- Department of Statistics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK; and
| | - Penelope Perkins-Veazie
- Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC
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Taing MW, Tan ETX, Williams GM, Clavarino AM, McGuire TM. Herbal and nutrient complementary medicines for weight loss: community pharmacists' practices, attitudes, recommendations, information and education needs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2015; 24:160-9. [PMID: 26671003 DOI: 10.1111/ijpp.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate pharmacists' herbal/nutrient weight loss complementary medicine (WLCM) practices in the context of other pharmacist weight management support practices (provision of lifestyle advice, orlistat and meal replacement treatments); and gain insight into their attitudes, recommendations, information and education needs. METHODS Pharmacists from a randomly selected sample of 214 community pharmacies from different socioeconomic areas in the Greater Brisbane region, Australia, were invited to complete a survey to explore their weight management practices, with a specific focus on herbal/nutrient WLCM practices. Data collected from the sample group represented pharmacist practices within the metropolitan Greater Brisbane region. KEY FINDINGS This survey achieved a 51% response rate. During weight management consultations, a high proportion of customers (37%) sought advice from community pharmacists relating to WLCMs relative to other weight management practices; however, only a small proportion (10%) of pharmacists recommended them. Most were also found to be using resources that may not be evidence-based or do not provide sufficient WLCMs' information. CONCLUSION Study results highlight the need for pharmacy professional bodies to develop evidence-based continuing education programmes to assist consumers with popular and widely available WLCMs products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Wong Taing
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Eunice Tze Xin Tan
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Gail M Williams
- School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | | | - Treasure M McGuire
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Mater Pharmacy Services, Mater Health Services, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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Antioxidant Phytochemicals for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases. Molecules 2015; 20:21138-56. [PMID: 26633317 PMCID: PMC6331972 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 564] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Overproduction of oxidants (reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species) in the human body is responsible for the pathogenesis of some diseases. The scavenging of these oxidants is thought to be an effective measure to depress the level of oxidative stress of organisms. It has been reported that intake of vegetables and fruits is inversely associated with the risk of many chronic diseases, and antioxidant phytochemicals in vegetables and fruits are considered to be responsible for these health benefits. Antioxidant phytochemicals can be found in many foods and medicinal plants, and play an important role in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases caused by oxidative stress. They often possess strong antioxidant and free radical scavenging abilities, as well as anti-inflammatory action, which are also the basis of other bioactivities and health benefits, such as anticancer, anti-aging, and protective action for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, obesity and neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes recent progress on the health benefits of antioxidant phytochemicals, and discusses their potential mechanisms in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.
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Hoang VLT, Innes DJ, Shaw PN, Monteith GR, Gidley MJ, Dietzgen RG. Sequence diversity and differential expression of major phenylpropanoid-flavonoid biosynthetic genes among three mango varieties. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:561. [PMID: 26220670 PMCID: PMC4518526 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mango fruits contain a broad spectrum of phenolic compounds which impart potential health benefits; their biosynthesis is catalysed by enzymes in the phenylpropanoid-flavonoid (PF) pathway. The aim of this study was to reveal the variability in genes involved in the PF pathway in three different mango varieties Mangifera indica L., a member of the family Anacardiaceae: Kensington Pride (KP), Irwin (IW) and Nam Doc Mai (NDM) and to determine associations with gene expression and mango flavonoid profiles. RESULTS A close evolutionary relationship between mango genes and those from the woody species poplar of the Salicaceae family (Populus trichocarpa) and grape of the Vitaceae family (Vitis vinifera), was revealed through phylogenetic analysis of PF pathway genes. We discovered 145 SNPs in total within coding sequences with an average frequency of one SNP every 316 bp. Variety IW had the highest SNP frequency (one SNP every 258 bp) while KP and NDM had similar frequencies (one SNP every 369 bp and 360 bp, respectively). The position in the PF pathway appeared to influence the extent of genetic diversity of the encoded enzymes. The entry point enzymes phenylalanine lyase (PAL), cinnamate 4-mono-oxygenase (C4H) and chalcone synthase (CHS) had low levels of SNP diversity in their coding sequences, whereas anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) showed the highest SNP frequency followed by flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H). Quantitative PCR revealed characteristic patterns of gene expression that differed between mango peel and flesh, and between varieties. CONCLUSIONS The combination of mango expressed sequence tags and availability of well-established reference PF biosynthetic genes from other plant species allowed the identification of coding sequences of genes that may lead to the formation of important flavonoid compounds in mango fruits and facilitated characterisation of single nucleotide polymorphisms between varieties. We discovered an association between the extent of sequence variation and position in the pathway for up-stream genes. The high expression of PAL, C4H and CHS genes in mango peel compared to flesh is associated with high amounts of total phenolic contents in peels, which suggest that these genes have an influence on total flavonoid levels in mango fruit peel and flesh. In addition, the particularly high expression levels of ANR in KP and NDM peels compared to IW peel and the significant accumulation of its product epicatechin gallate (ECG) in those extracts reflects the rate-limiting role of ANR on ECG biosynthesis in mango.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van L T Hoang
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - David J Innes
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Agri-Science Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - P Nicholas Shaw
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Gregory R Monteith
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Michael J Gidley
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Ralf G Dietzgen
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Geerkens CH, Matejka AE, Schweiggert RM, Kammerer DR, Carle R. Optimization of polyphenol recovery from mango peel extracts by assessing food-grade adsorbent and ion exchange resins and adsorption parameters using a D-optimal design. Eur Food Res Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-015-2489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Polyphenolic contents and the effects of methanol extracts from mango varieties on breast cancer cells. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Mango Fruit Extracts Differentially Affect Proliferation and Intracellular Calcium Signalling in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells. J CHEM-NY 2015. [DOI: 10.1155/2015/613268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The assessment of human cancer cell proliferation is a common approach in identifying plant extracts that have potential bioactive effects. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that methanolic extracts of peel and flesh from three archetypal mango cultivars, Irwin (IW), Nam Doc Mai (NDM), and Kensington Pride (KP), differentially affect proliferation, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity, and intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]I) signalling in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Mango flesh extracts from all three cultivars did not inhibit cell growth, and of the peel extracts only NDM reduced MCF-7 cell proliferation. Mango cultivar peel and flesh extracts did not significantly change ERK phosphorylation compared to controls; however, some reduced relative maximal peak[Ca2+]Iafter adenosine triphosphate stimulation, with NDM peel extract having the greatest effect among the treatments. Our results identify mango interfruit and intrafruit (peel and flesh) extract variability in antiproliferative effects and[Ca2+]Isignalling in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and highlight that parts of the fruit (such as peel and flesh) and cultivar differences are important factors to consider when assessing potential chemopreventive bioactive compounds in plants extracts.
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Asyifah MR, Lu K, Ting HL, Zhang D. Hidden potential of tropical fruit waste components as a useful source of remedy for obesity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:3505-3516. [PMID: 24670153 DOI: 10.1021/jf5007352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The array of comorbidities that comes with obesity and the propelling surge of this disease globally today make the urgent need for treatment vital. Although promoting a healthy physical regimen and controlled diet to affected patients are the main bulk of present treatment, prescriptions of weight-loss medications have also been introduced to complement this treatment. However, the use of synthetic medications may produce adverse side effects and consequently affect the patient's quality of life. In view of these problems, the use of natural sources as alternative remedies has recently become very popular. Tropical fruit "waste components", namely, the seed, flower, leaf, peel, and part of the fruit, which are often discarded after consumption, have recently been studied and showed evidence suggesting their potential as promising future alternative sources of remedy. The high amounts of phytochemicals present in these components were believed to be responsible for the antiobesity effect observed experimentally. This review aims to introduce some of the recently discussed tropical fruit waste components that have been discovered to possess antiobesity effects. The major bioactive compounds of the respective fruit components identified and deduced to be responsible for the overall bioactivity will be evaluated. Following this, the subsequent need for the development of an effective processing or recycling technique required to effectively tap the maximum potential of these fruit parts will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Rashid Asyifah
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371, Singapore
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Mohamed S. Functional foods against metabolic syndrome (obesity, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia) and cardiovasular disease. Trends Food Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Taing MW, Pierson JT, Shaw PN, Dietzgen RG, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Gidley MJ, Monteith GR. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) peel extract fractions from different cultivars differentially affect lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. Food Funct 2013; 4:481-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c2fo30224a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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