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Park C, Jeong Y, Yeom H, Song SW, Park W, Lee D. Time-traceable micro-taggants for anti-counterfeiting and secure distribution of food and medicines. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2024; 18:024109. [PMID: 38634038 PMCID: PMC11021126 DOI: 10.1063/5.0200915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This study presents an innovative solution for the enhanced tracking and security of pharmaceuticals through the development of microstructures incorporating environmentally responsive, coded microparticles. Utilizing maskless photolithography, we engineered these microparticles with a degradable masking layer with 30 μm thickness that undergoes controlled dissolution. Quantitative analysis revealed that the protective layer's degradation, monitored by red fluorescence intensity, diminishes predictably over 144 h in phosphate-buffered saline under physiological conditions. This degradation not only confirms the microparticles' integrity but also allows the extraction of encoded information, which can serve as a robust indicator of medicinal shelf life and a deterrent to tampering. These findings indicate the potential for applying this technology in real-time monitoring of pharmaceuticals, ensuring quality and authenticity in the supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheolheon Park
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjin Jeong
- Bio-MAX Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Huiran Yeom
- Division of Data Science, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Daewon Lee
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin 17058, Republic of Korea
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Hydrolytically degradable POSS-PEG hybrid hydrogels prepared in aqueous phase with tunable mechanical properties, swelling ratio and degradation rate. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kascholke C, Hendrikx S, Flath T, Kuzmenka D, Dörfler HM, Schumann D, Gressenbuch M, Schulze FP, Schulz-Siegmund M, Hacker MC. Biodegradable and adjustable sol-gel glass based hybrid scaffolds from multi-armed oligomeric building blocks. Acta Biomater 2017; 63:336-349. [PMID: 28927930 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradability is a crucial characteristic to improve the clinical potential of sol-gel-derived glass materials. To this end, a set of degradable organic/inorganic class II hybrids from a tetraethoxysilane(TEOS)-derived silica sol and oligovalent cross-linker oligomers containing oligo(d,l-lactide) domains was developed and characterized. A series of 18 oligomers (Mn: 1100-3200Da) with different degrees of ethoxylation and varying length of oligoester units was established and chemical composition was determined. Applicability of an established indirect rapid prototyping method enabled fabrication of a total of 85 different hybrid scaffold formulations from 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane-functionalized macromers. In vitro degradation was analyzed over 12months and a continuous linear weight loss (0.2-0.5wt%/d) combined with only moderate material swelling was detected which was controlled by oligo(lactide) content and matrix hydrophilicity. Compressive strength (2-30MPa) and compressive modulus (44-716MPa) were determined and total content, oligo(ethylene oxide) content, oligo(lactide) content and molecular weight of the oligomeric cross-linkers as well as material porosity were identified as the main factors determining hybrid mechanics. Cytocompatibility was assessed by cell culture experiments with human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASC). Cell migration into the entire scaffold pore network was indicated and continuous proliferation over 14days was found. ALP activity linearly increased over 2weeks indicating osteogenic differentiation. The presented glass-based hybrid concept with precisely adjustable material properties holds promise for regenerative purposes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Adaption of degradation kinetics toward physiological relevance is still an unmet challenge of (bio-)glass engineering. We therefore present a glass-derived hybrid material with adjustable degradation. A flexible design concept based on degradable multi-armed oligomers was combined with an established indirect rapid prototyping method to produce a systematic set of porous sol-gel-derived class II hybrid scaffolds. Mechanical properties in the range of cancellous bone were narrowly controlled by hybrid composition. The oligoester introduction resulted in significantly increased compressive moduli. Cytocompatible hybrids degraded in physiologically relevant time frames and a promising linear and controllable weight loss profile was found. To our knowledge, our degradation study represents the most extensive long-term investigation of sol-gel-derived class II hybrids. Due to the broad adjustability of material properties, our concept offers potential for engineering of biodegradable hybrid materials for versatile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kascholke
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Straße 15a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephan Hendrikx
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Straße 15a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tobias Flath
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 134, 04277 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dzmitry Kuzmenka
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Straße 15a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Dörfler
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 134, 04277 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Schumann
- Bubbles and Beyond GmbH, Karl-Heine Straße 99, 04229 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - F Peter Schulze
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Leipzig University of Applied Sciences, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 134, 04277 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michaela Schulz-Siegmund
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Straße 15a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael C Hacker
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, Eilenburger Straße 15a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany.
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Synthesis, swelling, degradation and cytocompatibility of crosslinked PLLA-PEG-PLLA networks with short PLLA blocks. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mohammadi S, Keshvari H, Eskandari M, Faghihi S. Graphene oxide–enriched double network hydrogel with tunable physico-mechanical properties and performance. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Miscibility Evaluation of Poly(L-Lactic Acid)/Poly(Lactic Acid- co-lysine) Blends. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2016; 14:e230-9. [DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The amorphous poly(lactic acid- co-lysine) (PLL) with hydrophilic reactive groups was synthesized by the condensing copolymerization and the blending miscibility of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and PLL was investigated. Methods The miscibility of PLLA and PLL was evaluated by analyzing the thermal properties, crystallization behaviors, crystal morphologies and mechanical properties of the PLLA/PLL blends. Results The results indicated that amorphous PLL changed the crystallization behaviors and thermal properties of PLLA, decreasing the crystallinity of PLLA in the blends. The amorphous PLL molecule chains in PLLA/PLL blends were able to enter into the lamellars of PLLA spherulites and affect the crystallization behaviors of PLLA, resulting in imperfect, spherulite structures of PLLA. The formation of hydrogen bonds between PLLA molecular chains and PLL molecular chains enabled partial compatibility in this blend system. Conclusions The existence of PLL improved the hydrophility of PLLA/PLL blends, led to a higher content of PLL in the PLLA/PLL blend system, and better hydrophilic properties of the blend system. The PLL was partially miscible with the PLLA, and the PLLA/PLL blend with 10 wt% PLL had improved tensile properties.
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Masutani K, Kimura Y. Macromolecular design of specialty polylactides by means of controlled copolymerization and stereocomplexation. POLYM INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Masutani
- Center for Fiber and Textile Science; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Hashigami-cho, Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Kimura
- Center for Fiber and Textile Science; Kyoto Institute of Technology; Hashigami-cho, Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
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Nanomechanical properties of multi-block copolymer microspheres for drug delivery applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 34:313-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Wang DK, Varanasi S, Strounina E, Hill DJT, Symons AL, Whittaker AK, Rasoul F. Synthesis and characterization of a POSS-PEG macromonomer and POSS-PEG-PLA hydrogels for periodontal applications. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:666-79. [PMID: 24410405 DOI: 10.1021/bm401728p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel water-soluble macromonomer based on octavinyl silsesquioxane has been synthesized and contains vinyl-terminated PEG 400 in each of the eight arms to promote water solubility. The macromonomer was characterized by NMR and FTIR and its aqueous solution properties examined. In water it exhibits an LCST with a cloud point at 23 °C for a 10 wt % aqueous solution. It is surface active with a CMC of 1.5 × 10(-5) M in water and in 20:80 v/v acetone/water the CMC is 7.1 × 10(-5) M, and TEM images showed spherical 22 nm aggregates in aqueous solution above the CMC. The macromonomer was copolymerized in a 20:80 v/v acetone/water mixture with a vinyl-terminated, triblock copolymer of lactide-PEG-lactide to form a library of cross-linked hydrogels that were designed for use as scaffolds for alveolar bone repair. The cross-linked copolymer networks were shown to contain a range of nm-μm sized pores and their swelling properties in water and PBS at pH 7.4 were examined. At pH 7.4 the hydrogel networks undergo a slow hydrolysis with the release of principally PEG and lactic acid fragments. The hydrogels were shown to be noncytotoxic toward fibroblast cultures at pH 7.4, both initially (days 1-5) and after significant hydrolysis had taken place (days 23-28).
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Affiliation(s)
- David K Wang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, ‡Centre for Advanced Imaging, ∥School of Chemistry and Molecular Biochemistry, and §School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072, Australia
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Wang DK, Varanasi S, Fredericks PM, Hill DJ, Symons AL, Whittaker AK, Rasoul F. FT-IR characterization and hydrolysis of PLA-PEG-PLA based copolyester hydrogels with short PLA segments and a cytocompatibility study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.26930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David K. Wang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Srinivas Varanasi
- School of Dentistry; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4000 Australia
| | - Peter M. Fredericks
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty; Queensland University of Technology; 2 George Street Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - David J.T. Hill
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Anne L. Symons
- School of Dentistry; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4000 Australia
| | - Andrew K. Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Firas Rasoul
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging; The University of Queensland; Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia
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Truong V, Blakey I, Whittaker AK. Hydrophilic and Amphiphilic Polyethylene Glycol-Based Hydrogels with Tunable Degradability Prepared by “Click” Chemistry. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:4012-21. [DOI: 10.1021/bm3012924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinh Truong
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and ‡Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
4072, Australia
| | - Idriss Blakey
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and ‡Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
4072, Australia
| | - Andrew K. Whittaker
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, and ‡Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane,
4072, Australia
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Jin Q, Maji S, Agarwal S. Novel amphiphilic, biodegradable, biocompatible, cross-linkable copolymers: synthesis, characterization and drug delivery applications. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20364b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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