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Sathiyanarayanan V, Prasath PV, Sekhar PC, Ravichandran K, Easwaramoorthy D, Mohammad F, Al-Lohedan HA, Oh WC, Sagadevan S. Docking and in vitro molecular biology studies of p-anisidine-appended 1-hydroxy-2-acetonapthanone Schiff base lanthanum(iii) complexes. RSC Adv 2020; 10:16457-16472. [PMID: 35692617 PMCID: PMC9122577 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01936d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of lanthanum(iii) complexes was synthesized using a p-anisidine-appended 1-hydroxy-2-acetonapthanone (3) Schiff base and characterized via spectroscopic methods. The ligand was synthesized via sonication and the crystalline product was characterized using X-ray crystallography. The genotoxicity of the compound was assessed primarily by the bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) test and the in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test; in both cases, the samarium complex 5 was found to be non-mutagenic. The anti-tumor activity of complexes 4, 5, and 6 was assayed against HeLa tumor cells and screened using the MTT assay. The IC50 value of complex 5 was found to be 34 ± 1.2 μg mL-1 and this compound exhibited superior activity towards the cells compared to 4 and 6. These results were further confirmed by Hoechst 33258 staining and AO/EI dual staining, which indicated that the cells underwent an apoptosis mechanism in a dose-dependent manner. The apoptosis was further confirmed by the formation of ladders in the DNA fragmentation assay, and the western blot analysis of complex 5 suggested that the cells underwent the caspase-3-dependent pathway with PARP cleavage. Furthermore, the docking studies of complex 5 with HSA showed that it was situated in a hydrophilic cavity held by the electrostatic attraction of four hydrogen-bonding interactions. PDB ID:1BNA binds with complex 5via strong π-π stacking interactions, which facilitate binding with the major grooves of DNA strands. The above-mentioned results illustrate that for complex 5, mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis occurs via caspase-3 activation. Complex 5 binds with DNA via intercalation because of S-phase cell cycle arrest in the HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sathiyanarayanan
- Department of Chemistry, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Vandalur Chennai 600048 Tamilnadu India .,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Vanta Bioscience Limited, SIPCOT Industrial Complex Gummidipundi Tamilnadu - 601201 India
| | - P Varun Prasath
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Madras University Guindy Chennai 600 025 Tamil Nadu India
| | - P Chandra Sekhar
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, Palamur Biosciences Pvt Ltd Mahabubnagar 509002 Telangana India.,School of Life Sciences, Manipal University Manipal 576104 Karnataka India
| | - K Ravichandran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Madras University Guindy Chennai 600 025 Tamil Nadu India
| | - D Easwaramoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Vandalur Chennai 600048 Tamilnadu India
| | - Faruq Mohammad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad A Al-Lohedan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Won Chun Oh
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Hanseo University Seosan-si Chungnam 356-706 Korea
| | - Suresh Sagadevan
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia
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Parveen S, Arjmand F, Tabassum S. Clinical developments of antitumor polymer therapeutics. RSC Adv 2019; 9:24699-24721. [PMID: 35528643 PMCID: PMC9069890 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04358f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer therapeutics encompasses polymer-drug conjugates that are nano-sized, multicomponent constructs already in the clinic as antitumor compounds, either as single agents or in combination with other organic drug scaffolds. Nanoparticle-based polymer-conjugated therapeutics are poised to become a leading delivery strategy for cancer treatments as they exhibit prolonged half-life, higher stability and selectivity, water solubility, longer clearance time, lower immunogenicity and antigenicity and often also specific targeting to tissues or cells. Compared to free drugs, polymer-tethered drugs preferentially accumulate in the tumor sites unlike conventional chemotherapy which does not discriminate between the cancer cells and healthy cells, thereby causing severe side-effects. It is also desirable that the drug reaches its site of action at a particular concentration and the therapeutic dose remains constant over a sufficiently long period of time. This can be achieved by opting for new formulations possessing polymeric systems of drug carriers. However, many challenges still remain unanswered in polymeric drug conjugates which need to be readdressed and therefore, can broaden the scope of this field. This review highlights some of the antitumor polymer therapeutics including polymer-drug conjugates, polymeric micelles, polymeric liposomes and other polymeric nanoparticles that are currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Parveen
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University Yanbu Branch 46423 Yanbu Saudi Arabia +966 504522069
| | - Farukh Arjmand
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh-202002 India
| | - Sartaj Tabassum
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh-202002 India
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Fu J, Qiu L. Photo-crosslinked and esterase-sensitive polymersome for improved antitumor effect of water-soluble chemotherapeutics. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:2051-2066. [PMID: 30188247 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Liyan Qiu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis & Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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Abstract
Covalent modification of therapeutic compounds is a clinically proven strategy to devise prodrugs with enhanced treatment efficacies. This prodrug strategy relies on the modified drugs that possess advantageous pharmacokinetic properties and administration routes over their parent drug. Self-assembling prodrugs represent an emerging class of therapeutic agents capable of spontaneously associating into well-defined supramolecular nanostructures in aqueous solutions. The self-assembly of prodrugs expands the functional space of conventional prodrug design, affording a possible pathway to more effective therapies as the assembled nanostructure possesses distinct physicochemical properties and interaction potentials that can be tailored to specific administration routes and disease treatment. In this review, we will discuss the various types of self-assembling prodrugs in development, providing an overview of the methods used to control their structure and function and, ultimately, our perspective on their current and future potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Cheetham
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe Eastern Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
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Sun Y, Zhang J, Han J, Tian B, Shi Y, Ding Y, Wang L, Han J. Galactose-Containing Polymer-DOX Conjugates for Targeting Drug Delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:749-758. [PMID: 27287244 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-016-0557-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel multifunctional drug delivery system was fabricated by conjugating galactose-based polymer, methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(6-O-methacryloyl-D-galactopyranose) (mPEG-b-PMAGP) with doxorubicin (DOX) via an acid-labile carbamate linkage. The mPEG-b-PMAGP-co-DOX nanoparticles were spherical in shape, and the diameter determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) was 54.84 ± 0.58 nm, larger than that characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The in vitro drug release profiles were studied, and the release of DOX from the nanoparticles was pH-responsive. The cellular uptake behavior of free-DOX and mPEG-b-PMAGP-co-DOX nanoparticles by asialoglycoprotein (ASGP) receptor-positive cancer cell line (HepG2) and ASGP receptor-negative cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and A549 cells) was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and flow cytometry (FCM), respectively. The mPEG-b-PMAGP-co-DOX nanoparticles which contain galactose functional groups exhibited higher cellular uptake behavior via ASGP receptor-mediated endocytosis in HepG2 cells than in other two cancer cells. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay manifested that the mPEG-b-PMAGP-co-DOX nanoparticles exhibited higher anticancer efficacy against HepG2 cells than MCF-7 cells. These results indicated that the multifunctional mPEG-b-PMAGP-co-DOX nanoparticles possessing pH-responsible and hepatoma-targeting function have great potential to be used as a targeting drug delivery system for hepatoma therapy.
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Park CW, Yang HM, Seo BK, Kim JD. Morphology transition of self-aggregates of poly(amino acid)-drug conjugates. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Senevirathne SA, Washington KE, Biewer MC, Stefan MC. PEG based anti-cancer drug conjugated prodrug micelles for the delivery of anti-cancer agents. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:360-370. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02053k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Development of polymer prodrug conjugates has evolved recently in the nano-medicine field for cancer diagnosis and treatment. This review focuses on the development of different types of PEG based polymer drug conjugates used for the delivery of anti-cancer agents.
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Programmed Hydrolysis in Designing Paclitaxel Prodrug for Nanocarrier Assembly. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12023. [PMID: 26166066 PMCID: PMC4499798 DOI: 10.1038/srep12023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocarriers delivering prodrugs are a way of improving in vivo effectiveness and efficiency. For therapeutic efficacy, the prodrug must hydrolyze to its parent drug after administration. Based on the fact that the hydrolysis is impeded by steric hindrance and improved by sufficient polarity, in this study, we proposed the PTX-S-S-VE, the conjugation of paclitaxel (PTX) to vitamin E (VE) through a disulfide bridge. This conjugate possessed the following advantages: first, it can be encapsulated in the VE/VE2-PEG2000/water nanoemulsions because of favorable hydrophobic interactions; second, the nanoemulsions had a long blood circulation time; finally, the concentrated glutathione in the tumor microenvironment could cleave the disulfide bond to weaken the steric hindrance and increase the polarity, promoting the hydrolysis to PTX and increasing the anticancer activity. It was demonstrated in vitro that the hydrolysis of PTX-S-S-VE was enhanced and the cytotoxicity was increased. In addition, PTX-S-S-VE had greater anticancer activity against the KB-3-1 cell line tumor xenograft and the tumor size was smaller after the 4th injection. The present result suggests a new way, use of reduction, to improve the in vivo anticancer activity of a prodrug for nanocarrier delivery by unshielding the ester bond and taking off the steric block.
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Tsai MH, Peng CL, Yao CJ, Shieh MJ. Enhanced efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs against colorectal cancer using ligand-decorated self-breakable agents. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16175d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting self-breakable micelles could facilitate Caco2 cancer cells in acidic tumor microenvironment to take up SN38 which the micelle loaded with and trigger drug release in cancer cells, resulting in enhanced drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsien Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- College of Medicine and College of Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Liang Peng
- Isotope Application Division
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research
- Taoyuan
- Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Jung Yao
- Division of Gastroenterology
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Wan Fang Hospital
- Taipei Medical University
- Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jium Shieh
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- College of Medicine and College of Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
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Chen W, Shah LA, Yuan L, Siddiq M, Hu J, Yang D. Polymer–paclitaxel conjugates based on disulfide linkers for controlled drug release. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12856g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled drug delivery system based on hydrophilic diblock copolymer covalently linked paclitaxel (PTX) via a disulfide linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Luqman Ali Shah
- Department of Chemistry
- Quaid-i-Azam University
- Islamabad 45320
- Pakistan
| | - Li Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Mohammad Siddiq
- Department of Chemistry
- Quaid-i-Azam University
- Islamabad 45320
- Pakistan
| | - Jianhua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Department of Macromolecular Science
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
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Giang I, Boland EL, Poon GMK. Prodrug applications for targeted cancer therapy. AAPS JOURNAL 2014; 16:899-913. [PMID: 25004822 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9638-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Prodrugs are widely used in the targeted delivery of cytotoxic compounds to cancer cells. To date, targeted prodrugs for cancer therapy have achieved great diversity in terms of target selection, activation chemistry, as well as size and physicochemical nature of the prodrug. Macromolecular prodrugs such as antibody-drug conjugates, targeted polymer-drug conjugates and other conjugates that self-assemble to form liposomal and micellar nanoparticles currently represent a major trend in prodrug development for cancer therapy. In this review, we explore a unified view of cancer-targeted prodrugs and highlight several examples from recombinant technology that exemplify the prodrug concept but are not identified as such. Recombinant "prodrugs" such as engineered anthrax toxin show promise in biological specificity through the conditionally targeting of multiple cellular markers. Conditional targeting is achieved by structural complementation, the spontaneous assembly of engineered inactive subunits or fragments to reconstitute functional activity. These complementing systems can be readily adapted to achieve conditionally bispecific targeting of enzymes that are used to activate low-molecular weight prodrugs. By leveraging strengths from medicinal chemistry, polymer science, and recombinant technology, prodrugs are poised to remain a core component of highly focused and tailored strategies aimed at conditionally attacking complex molecular phenotypes in clinically relevant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Giang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, P.O. Box 1495, Spokane, Washington, 99210-1495, USA
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Delplace V, Couvreur P, Nicolas J. Recent trends in the design of anticancer polymer prodrug nanocarriers. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py01384g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Wang W, Li C, Zhang J, Dong A, Kong D. Tailor-made gemcitabine prodrug nanoparticles from well-defined drug–polymer amphiphiles prepared by controlled living radical polymerization for cancer chemotherapy. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:1891-1901. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21558j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel prodrug nanoparticles with a tailorable high drug payload and in vivo anti-cancer activity assembled from well-defined gemcitabine–polymer conjugate amphiphiles prepared by RAFT polymerization are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin, China
| | - Ju Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin, China
| | - Anjie Dong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin, China
| | - Deling Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College
- Tianjin, China
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Nguyen DH, Bae JW, Choi JH, Lee JS, Park KD. Bioreducible cross-linked Pluronic micelles: pH-triggered release of doxorubicin and folate-mediated cellular uptake. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911513491642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bioreducible are described here, cross-linked Pluronic micelles carrying doxorubicin (DOX) for folate-mediated cancer targeting. The amine-terminated Pluronic® F-127 was functionalized by grafting acrylic acid (AA) to the hydrophobic block (AA-Pluronic-NH2). Folic acid (FA), hydrazine (H), and cystamine (C) were sequentially conjugated to AA-Pluronic-NH2, followed by DOX conjugation via an acid-labile hydrazone bond (FA-Pluronic-C/H-DOX). The DOX content was approximately 143 µg/mg of polymer. We prepared bioreducible cross-linked micelles using FA-Pluronic-C/H-DOX, which had a diameter of 156.1 nm. After incubation for 24 h with 10 mM of dithiothreitol, the micelle size decreased dramatically to 87.6 nm with a broad distribution, indicating that disulfide bonds in the micelle core were reductively cleaved. In vitro release data showed that the conjugated DOX was released slowly from the FA-Pluronic C/H-DOX micelles at pH 7.4, whereas there was a rapid DOX release at pH 5.2. Confocal images of HeLa cells showed enhanced cellular uptake of FA-Pluronic-C/H-DOX micelles as compared to nontargeted Pluronic-C/H-DOX micelles. The FA-Pluronic-C/H-DOX micelles killed more cells than the nontargeted micelles, but the cytotoxic effect was not as significant as free DOX. Additionally, micelles without DOX were not cytotoxic. On the basis of these results, pH- and redox potential–responsive FA-Pluronic-C/H-DOX micelles could potentially function as cancer-targeted and controlled DOX delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Hai Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Bae
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Seok Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Dong Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Zhang Y, Xiao C, Li M, Chen J, Ding J, He C, Zhuang X, Chen X. Co-delivery of 10-Hydroxycamptothecin with Doxorubicin Conjugated Prodrugs for Enhanced Anticancer Efficacy. Macromol Biosci 2013; 13:584-94. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201200441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Yao J, Zhang L, Zhou J, Liu H, Zhang Q. Efficient simultaneous tumor targeting delivery of all-trans retinoid acid and Paclitaxel based on hyaluronic acid-based multifunctional nanocarrier. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:1080-91. [PMID: 23320642 DOI: 10.1021/mp3005808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An amphiphilic hyaluronic acid (HA)-g-all-trans retinoid acid (HRA) conjugate was successfully developed as a tumor-targeting nanocarrier for potentially synergistic combination chemotherapy of all-trans retinoid acid (ATRA) and paclitaxel (PTX). The HRA conjugate was synthesized by an imine reaction between HA-COOH and ATRA-NH2. PTX-loaded HRA nanoparticles possessed a high loading capacity, nanoscale particle sizes, and good biocompatible characteristics. Cell viability assays indicated that PTX-loaded HRA nanoparticles exhibited concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity. Moreover, they displayed obvious superiority in inducing the apoptosis of tumor cells. Cellular uptake analysis suggested that HRA nanoparticles could be efficiently taken up by cells via endocytic pathway and transport into the nucleus, contributing to HA receptor-mediated endocytosis and ATRA-induced nuclear translocation, respectively. Moreover, in vivo imaging analysis indicated that the accumulation of DiR-loaded HRA nanoparticles in tumor was increased obviously after intravenous administration as compared to free DiR solution, which confirmed that the HRA nanoparticles could assist the drugs targeting to the tumor. Furthermore, PTX-loaded HRA nanoparticles exhibited greater tumor growth inhibition effect in vivo with reducing the toxicity. Therefore, HRA nanoparticles can be considered as a promising targeted codelivery system for combination cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University , 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Yang HM, Park CW, Bae PK, Ahn T, Seo BK, Chung BH, Kim JD. Folate-conjugated cross-linked magnetic nanoparticles as potential magnetic resonance probes for in vivo cancer imaging. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:3035-3043. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20295j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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