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Osazuwa PO, Lo CY, Feng X, Nolin A, Dhong C, Kayser LV. Surface Functionalization with (3-Glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GOPS) as an Alternative to Blending for Enhancing the Aqueous Stability and Electronic Performance of PEDOT:PSS Thin Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54711-54720. [PMID: 37962428 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors, such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), are essential materials for the fabrication of bioelectronic devices due to their unique ability to couple and transport ionic and electronic charges. The growing interest in bioelectronic devices has led to the development of organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) that can operate in aqueous solutions and transduce ionic signals of biological origin into measurable electronic signals. A common challenge with OECTs is maintaining the stability and performance of the PEDOT:PSS films operating under aqueous conditions. Although the conventional approach of blending the PEDOT:PSS dispersions with a cross-linker such as (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GOPS) helps to ensure strong adhesion of the films to device substrates, it also impacts the morphology and thus electrical properties of the PEDOT:PSS films, which leads to a significant reduction in the performance of OECTs. In this study, we instead functionalize only the surface of the device substrates with GOPS to introduce a silane monolayer before spin-coating the PEDOT:PSS dispersion on the substrate. In all cases, having a GOPS monolayer instead of a blend leads to increased electronic performance metrics, such as three times higher electronic conductivity, volumetric capacitance, and mobility-capacitance product [μC*] value in OECT devices, ultimately leading to a record value of 406 ± 39 F cm-1 V-1 s-1 for amorphous PEDOT:PSS. This increased performance does not come at the expense of operational stability, as both the blend and surface functionalization show similar performance when subjected to pulsed gate bias stress, long-term electrochemical cycling tests, and aging over 150 days. Overall, this study establishes a novel approach to using GOPS as a surface monolayer instead of a blended cross-linker, for achieving high-performance organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors that are stable in water for bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter O Osazuwa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Chun-Yuan Lo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Abigail Nolin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Charles Dhong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Laure V Kayser
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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2
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Ke Z, Abtahi A, Hwang J, Chen K, Chaudhary J, Song I, Perera K, You L, Baustert KN, Graham KR, Mei J. Highly Conductive and Solution-Processable n-Doped Transparent Organic Conductor. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3706-3715. [PMID: 36746755 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transparent conductors (TCs) play a vital role in displays, solar cells, and emerging printed electronics. Here, we report a solution-processable n-doped organic conductor from copper-catalyzed cascade reactions in the air, which involves oxidative polymerization and reductive doping in one pot. The formed polymer ink is shelf-stable over 20 days and can endure storage temperatures from -20 to 65 °C. The optimized n-doped thin-film TC exhibits a low sheet resistance of 45 Ω/sq and a high transmittance (T550 > 80%), which can rival indium tin oxide. The transparent organic conductor exhibits excellent durability under accelerated weathering tests (85 °C/85% RH). Furthermore, the n-doped polymer film can also function as an electrode material with a high volumetric capacity. When it is paired with p-doped PEDOT:PSS, a record-high coloration efficiency is obtained in a dual-polymer electrochromic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifan Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ashkan Abtahi
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jinhyo Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jagrity Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Inho Song
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kuluni Perera
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Liyan You
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kyle N Baustert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Kenneth R Graham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Jianguo Mei
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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3
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Wang JC, Karmakar RS, Lin TH, Wu MC, Chang KH. Reaction-inhibited interfacial coating between PEDOT:PSS sensing membrane and ITO electrode for highly-reliable piezoresistive pressure sensing applications. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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4
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Lee JG, Cho W, Kim Y, Cho H, Lee H, Kim JH. Formation of a conductive overcoating layer based on hybrid composites to improve the stability of flexible transparent conductive films. RSC Adv 2019; 9:4428-4434. [PMID: 35520190 PMCID: PMC9060591 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09233h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A protective layer that can be applied on a flat flexible transparent conductive film was prepared by combining silica sol and organic polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-geun Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Wonseok Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Youngno Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Hangyeol Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Hongjoo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
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5
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Positively-charged hierarchical PEDOT interface with enhanced electrode kinetics for NADH-based biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 120:115-121. [PMID: 30173009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) has attracted considerable attention as an advanced electrode material for electrochemical sensors and biosensors, due to its unique electrical and physicochemical properties. Here, we demonstrate the facile preparation of a positively-charged and hierarchical micro-structured PEDOT electrochemical interface with enhanced electrode kinetics for the electrooxidation of NADH. Processable PEDOT colloidal microparticles (PEDOT CMs) were synthesised by template-assisted polymerisation and were then utilised as building blocks for the fabrication of hierarchically-structured electrodes with a larger accessible electroactive surface (2.8 times larger than that of the benchmark PEDOT:PSS) and inter-particle space, thus improving electrode kinetics. The intrinsic positive charge of the PEDOT CMs further facilitated the detection of negatively-charged molecules by electrostatic accumulation. Due to the synergistic effect, these hierarchically-structured PEDOT CMs electrodes exhibited improved NADH electrooxidation at lower potentials and enhanced electrocatalytic activity compared to the compact structure of conventional PEDOT:PSS electrodes. The PEDOT CMs electrodes detected NADH over the range of 20-240 μM, with a sensitivity of 0.0156 μA/μM and a limit of detection of 5.3 μM. Moreover, the PEDOT CMs electrode exhibited a larger peak separation from the interferent ascorbic acid, and improved stability. This enhanced analytical performance for NADH provides a sound basis for further work coupling to a range of NAD-dependent dehydrogenases for applications in biosensing, bio-fuel cells and biocatalysis.
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Zhao R, Sun Y. Polymeric Flexible Immunosensor Based on Piezoresistive Micro-Cantilever with PEDOT/PSS Conductive Layer. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 18:E451. [PMID: 29401669 PMCID: PMC5855110 DOI: 10.3390/s18020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a fully polymeric micro-cantilever with the surface passivation layer of parylene-C and the strain resistor of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS) was proposed and demonstrated for immunoassays. By optimizing the design and fabrication of the polymeric micro-cantilever, a square resistance of 220 Ω/□ for PEDOT/PSS conductive layer have been obtained. The experimental spring constant and the deflection sensitivity were measured to be 0.017 N/m and 8.59 × 10-7 nm-1, respectively. The biological sensing performances of polymeric micro-cantilever were investigated by the immunoassay for human immunoglobulin G (IgG). The immunosensor was experimentally demonstrated to have a linear behavior for the detection of IgG within the concentrations of 10~100 ng/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of 10 ng/mL. The experimental results indicate that the proposed polymeric flexible conductive layer-based sensors are capable of detecting trace biological substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
| | - Ying Sun
- School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
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Structural and Morphological Evolution for Water-resistant Organic Thermoelectrics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13287. [PMID: 29038556 PMCID: PMC5643330 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13726-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We systematically investigated the effect of 2,5-bis(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxypropoxy)-1,4:3,6-dianhydro-sorbitol (Iso-GMA) with different concentrations on the structural and morphological evolution of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) containing a fixed volume of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to realize water-resistant organic thermoelectric devices. As an additive, Iso-GMA is a hydrophilic and crosslinking agent that can interact with PEDOT and PSS chains by hydrogen bonding and/or dipole-dipole- or dipole-charge-interaction. The Seebeck coefficient and power factor in the film incorporating 3.0 vol% DMSO and 0.8 vol% Iso-GMA were respectively 1.82 × 102 and 1.53 × 105% higher than those of the pristine PEDOT:PSS film without additives (DMSO and Iso-GMA). These results can be attributed to the self-assembled and crosslinked fibril networks with optimized phase separation, where the film has densely-packed PEDOT and highly lamellar-stacked PSS. Also, the reduced charge carrier concentration from the structural characteristics originated in the higher thermoelectric properties. We introduced the schematic illustration to understand the chemical bonding among the components and the morphological evolution according to the Iso-GMA concentration. The increased mechanical strength by the interchain stacking degree of PEDOT and the crosslinking of Iso-GMA facilitate the film remained in a water bath for 0.5 h without physical degradation, and sustain the thermoelectric properties during 12 h in humid conditons.
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8
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Synthesis of hierarchical flower-like particles and its application as super-hydrophobic coating. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Chmielarz P, Krys P, Wang Z, Wang Y, Matyjaszewski K. Synthesis of Well‐Defined Polymer Brushes from Silicon Wafers
via
Surface‐Initiated
se
ATRP. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201700106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Chmielarz
- Department of Physical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry Rzeszow University of Technology Al. Powstanńców Warszawy 6 35‐959 Rzeszow Poland
- Center for Macromolecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Pawel Krys
- Center for Macromolecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Zongyu Wang
- Center for Macromolecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Macromolecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Center for Macromolecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
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Wen Y, Xu J. Scientific Importance of Water-Processable PEDOT-PSS and Preparation, Challenge and New Application in Sensors of Its Film Electrode: A Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangping Wen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry; Jiangxi Agricultural University; Nanchang 330045 People's Republic of China
| | - Jingkun Xu
- Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Waterborne Coatings; Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University; Nanchang 330013 People's Republic of China
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11
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Synthesis and Characterization of PEDOT:P(SS-co-VTMS) with Hydrophobic Properties and Excellent Thermal Stability. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8050189. [PMID: 30979282 PMCID: PMC6431847 DOI: 10.3390/polym8050189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrophobic and comparatively thermally-stable poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), i.e., poly(styrene sulfonate-co-vinyltrimethoxysilane) (PEDOT:P(SS-co-VTMS)) copolymer was successfully synthesized via the introduction of silane coupling agent into the PSS main chain to form P(SS-co-VTMS) copolymers. PSS and P(SS-co-VMTS) copolymers were successfully synthesized via radical solution polymerization, and PEDOT:P(SS-co-VTMS) was synthesized via Fe+-catalyzed oxidative polymerization. The characterization of PEDOT:P(SS-co-VTMS) was performed through an analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results, water contact angle and optical images. The electrical properties of conductive PEDOT:P(SS-co-VTMS) thin films were evaluated by studying the influence of the VTMS content on the electrical and physical properties. The conductivity of PEDOT:P(SS-co-VTMS) decreased with an increase in the VTMS content, but was close to that of the PEDOT:PSS, 235.9 S·cm−1. The introduction of VTMS into the PSS copolymer improved the mechanical properties and thermal stability and increased the hydrophobicity. The thermal stability test at a temperature over 240 °C indicated that the sheet resistance of PEDOT:PSS increased by 3,012%. The sheet resistance of PEDOT:P(SS-co-VTMS), on the other hand, only increased by 480%. The stability of PEDOT:P(SS-co-VTMS) was six-times higher than that of the reference PEDOT:PSS.
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12
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Cho W, Hong JK, Lee JJ, Kim S, Kim S, Im S, Yoo D, Kim JH. Synthesis of conductive and transparent PEDOT:P(SS-co-PEGMA) with excellent water-, weather-, and chemical-stabilities for organic solar cells. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02687g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The water-, weather- and chemical-resistant conductive PEDOT:P(SS-co-PEGMA was synthesized with thermally curable P(SS-co-PEGMA). The introduction of PEGMA to the PSS copolymer improved the mechanical properties and weather stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonseok Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Jae Keun Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Jung Joon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Seyul Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Soeun Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Dohyuk Yoo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Yonsei University
- Seoul
- South Korea
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13
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Synthesis of cross-linkable fluorinated core–shell latex nanoparticles and the hydrophobic stability of films. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Li P, Sun K, Ouyang J. Stretchable and Conductive Polymer Films Prepared by Solution Blending. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:18415-18423. [PMID: 26252446 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b04492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Stretchable and conductive materials can have important application in many areas, such as wearable electronics and healthcare devices. Conducting polymers have very limited elasticity because of their rigid conjugated backbone. In this work, highly stretchable and conductive polymer films are prepared by coating or casting aqueous solution of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate ( PEDOT PSS) and a soft polymer, including poly(ethylene glycol), poly(ethylene oxide), or poly(vinyl alcohol). The soft polymers can greatly improve the stretchability and the conductivity of PEDOT PSS. The elongation at break can be increased from 2% up to 55%. The soft polymers can also enhance the conductivity of PEDOT PSS from 0.2 up to 75 S cm(-1). The conductivity is further enhanced by adding dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or ethylene glycol (EG) into the aqueous solutions of the polymer blends. Polymer blends with an elongation at break of close to 50% and a conductivity of 172 S cm(-1) are attained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Li
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore , 7 Engineering Drive 1 117574, Singapore
| | - Kuan Sun
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore , 7 Engineering Drive 1 117574, Singapore
| | - Jianyong Ouyang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National University of Singapore , 7 Engineering Drive 1 117574, Singapore
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15
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Wu B, Zhang B, Wu J, Wang Z, Ma H, Yu M, Li L, Li J. Electrical Switchability and Dry-Wash Durability of Conductive Textiles. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11255. [PMID: 26066704 PMCID: PMC4464307 DOI: 10.1038/srep11255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the area of conductive textiles in the scientific and industrial community. Herein, we successfully prepared a conductive textile via covalently grafting polyaniline (PANI) onto cotton by a multi-step treatment process. The conductivity of the resultant fabric could be tuned by immersing in water having different pH values. The conductive and insulating properties of the textile could be conveniently switched by alternately immersing in acidic and alkaline bath solutions. Most importantly, the resultant conductive fabrics were able to withstand 40 simulated dry-wash cycles, with almost no decay in the electrical conductivity, indicating their excellent dry-wash durability. The present strategy for fabricating conductive fabrics with excellent switchability of electrical properties and dry-wash durability is expected to provide inspiration for the production of multifunctional conductive textiles for use in hash or sensitive conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangting Wu
- CAS Center for Excellence on TMSR Energy System, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bowu Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence on TMSR Energy System, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Jingxia Wu
- CAS Center for Excellence on TMSR Energy System, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence on TMSR Energy System, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Hongjuan Ma
- CAS Center for Excellence on TMSR Energy System, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Ming Yu
- CAS Center for Excellence on TMSR Energy System, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Linfan Li
- CAS Center for Excellence on TMSR Energy System, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Jingye Li
- CAS Center for Excellence on TMSR Energy System, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
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16
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Gangopadhyay R, Das B, Molla MR. How does PEDOT combine with PSS? Insights from structural studies. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08666j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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18
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Teng C, Lu X, Zhu Y, Wan M, Jiang L. Polymer in situ embedding for highly flexible, stretchable and water stable PEDOT:PSS composite conductors. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41124a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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