1
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Li Z, Tran DK, Nguyen M, Jian T, Yan F, Jenekhe SA, Chen CL. Amphiphilic Peptoid-Directed Assembly of Oligoanilines into Highly Crystalline Conducting Nanotubes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100639. [PMID: 35038198 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It is reported herein the synthesis of a novel amphiphilic diblock peptoid bearing a terminal conjugated oligoaniline and its self-assembly into small-diameter (D ≈ 35 nm) crystalline nanotubes with high aspect ratios (>30). It is shown that both tetraaniline (TANI)-peptoid and bianiline (BANI)-peptoid triblock molecules self-assemble in solution to form rugged highly crystalline nanotubes that are very stable to protonic acid doping and de-doping processes. The similarity of the crystalline tubular structure of the nanotube assemblies revealed by electron microscopy imaging, and X-ray diffraction analysis of the nanotube assemblies of TANI-functionalized peptoids and nonfunctionalized peptoids showed that the peptoid is an efficient ordered structure directing motif for conjugated oligomers. Films of doped TANI-peptoid nanotubes has a dc conductivity of ca. 95 mS cm-1 , while the thin films of doped un-assembled TANI-peptoids show a factor of 5.6 lower conductivity, demonstrating impact of the favorable crystalline ordering of the assemblies on electrical transport. These results demonstrate that peptoid-directed supramolecular assembly of tethered π-conjugated oligo(aniline) exemplify a novel general strategy for creating rugged ordered and complex nanostructures that have useful electronic and optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Li
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Duyen K Tran
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1750, USA
| | - Mary Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1750, USA
| | - Tengyue Jian
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Feng Yan
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.,School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong Province, 276005, China
| | - Samson A Jenekhe
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1750, USA
| | - Chun-Long Chen
- Physical Sciences Division, Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1750, USA
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2
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Highly Efficient and Recyclable Au/Aniline-Pentamer-Based Electroactive Polyurea Catalyst for the Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03876-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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3
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Moini N, Jahandideh A, Shahkarami F, Kabiri K, Piri F. Linear and star-shaped π-conjugated oligoanilines: a review on molecular design in syntheses and properties. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00038e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular Design and Synthesis of Linear and Star-shaped π-conjugated Oligoanilines with reversible optoelectrochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Moini
- Adhesive and Resin Department, Polymer Processing Faculty, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14975-112, Tehran, Iran
| | - A. Jahandideh
- Adhesive and Resin Department, Polymer Processing Faculty, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14975-112, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmacology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - F. Shahkarami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran
| | - K. Kabiri
- Adhesive and Resin Department, Polymer Processing Faculty, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14975-112, Tehran, Iran
- Biobased Monomers and Polymers Division (BIOBASED Division), Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14965-115, Tehran, Iran
| | - F. Piri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran
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Huang BS, Lai GH, Yang TI, Tsai MH, Chou YC. A Novel Electroactive Imide Oligomer and Its Application in Anticorrosion Coating. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010091. [PMID: 31947895 PMCID: PMC7023640 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel aniline tetramer (AT) capped electroactive imide oligomer (EIO) for metal corrosion protection was successfully synthesized in this study. The chemical structure of the EIO was characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, the redox behavior of EIO was identified using electrochemical cyclic voltammetry studies. An EIO coated on a cold-rolled steel (CRS) electrode was found to possess superior corrosion resistance to polyimide (PI) on a series of electrochemical corrosion measurements in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution over an extended period (30 days). The mechanism for the advanced corrosion protection of the PI coating on the CRS electrode could be attributed to the redox catalytic capabilities of the AT units present in the EIO. These capabilities may induce the formation of passive metal oxide layers on the CRS electrode. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to analyze the surface condition of the CRS after the corrosion test. EIO- and PI-coated electrodes were identified by a series of electrochemical measurements, including corrosion potential (Ecorr), polarization resistance (Rp), and corrosion current (Icorr) measurements, along with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Sheng Huang
- Ph. D. Program, Graduate Institute of Precision Manufacturing, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 41170, Taiwan; (B.-S.H.); (G.-H.L.)
| | - Guan-Hui Lai
- Ph. D. Program, Graduate Institute of Precision Manufacturing, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 41170, Taiwan; (B.-S.H.); (G.-H.L.)
| | - Ta-I Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung-Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 330, Taiwan;
| | - Mei-Hui Tsai
- Ph. D. Program, Graduate Institute of Precision Manufacturing, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 41170, Taiwan; (B.-S.H.); (G.-H.L.)
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 41170, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-H.T.); (Y.-C.C.); Tel.: +886-4-23924505 (M.-H.T.)
| | - Yi-Chen Chou
- Department of Applied Cosmetology, Hungkuang University, Taichung 44302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-H.T.); (Y.-C.C.); Tel.: +886-4-23924505 (M.-H.T.)
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5
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Mushtaq I, Akhter Z, Shah FU. Tunable Self-Assembled Nanostructures of Electroactive PEGylated Tetra(Aniline) Based ABA Triblock Structures in Aqueous Medium. Front Chem 2019; 7:518. [PMID: 31403042 PMCID: PMC6669400 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PEGylated tetra(aniline) ABA triblock structure PEG-TANI-PEG (2) consisting of tetra(aniline) (TANI) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was synthesized by coupling the tosylated-PEG to boc-protected NH2/NH2 TANI (1) through a simple nucleophilic substitution reaction. Deprotection of 2 resulted in a leucoemeraldine base state of TANI (2-LEB), which was oxidized to stable emeraldine base (2-EB) state. 2-EB was doped with 1 M HCl to emeraldine salt (2-ES) state. FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR and UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, and MS (ESI) was used for structural characterization. The synthesized triblock structure exhibited good electroactivity as confirmed by CV and UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy. Self-assembling of the triblock structure in aqueous medium was assessed by DLS, TEM, and SEM. Spherical aggregates were observed with variable sizes depicting the effect of concentration and oxidation of 2-LEB. Further, the aggregates showed acid/base sensitivity as evaluated by doping and dedoping of 2-EB with 1 M HCl and 1 M NH4OH, respectively. Future applications in drug delivery and sensors are envisaged for such tunable self-assembled nanostructures in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irrum Mushtaq
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zareen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiz Ullah Shah
- Chemistry of Interfaces, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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6
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Liu Y, Li J, Zhu J, Lyu W, Xu H, Feng J, Yan W. The adsorption property and mechanism of phenyl/amine end-capped tetraaniline for alizarin red S. Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4401-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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7
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Hwang DK, Song DM, Im SS. Synthesis of Villi-Structured Polyaniline Sheets Using Organic Single Crystal Surface-Induced Polymerization. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:4181-4186. [PMID: 31458652 PMCID: PMC6641623 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Villi-structured polyaniline sheets (VPASs) were synthesized by the organic single-crystal surface-induced polymerization (OCSP) method using sodium decanesulfonate as a template. Aniline hydrochloride is used as a monomer instead of aniline to improve the electrostatic interaction between monomers and hydrated crystals, which reveals that the mechanism of OCSP occurs from the electrostatic force between positively charged monomers and the negatively charged surface of hydrated crystals. Compared with conventional polyaniline (3.13 × 10-2 S/cm), VPASs showed higher electrical conductivity (1.07 × 10-1 S/cm). The thickness of double-layered VPASs is about 136 nm, and the surface of VPASs shows a random porous structure with a villi-like morphology. This morphological property provides a large surface area, which can be advantageous to various electrochemical applications. The process yields mass-producible inexpensive materials, and the products are suitable for flexible devices because of their characteristic morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ki Hwang
- Department
of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang
University, Wangsimni-ro 222, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-min Song
- LG
Sciencepark, 30, Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul, 07796, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Soon Im
- Department
of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang
University, Wangsimni-ro 222, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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8
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Lyu W, Yu M, Feng J, Yan W. Exploring Solvent Effects on the Dialysis-Induced Self-Assembly of Nanostructured Tetra(aniline). ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lyu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Mengting Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Jiangtao Feng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 China
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering; Xi'an Jiaotong University
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9
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Mills BM, Fey N, Marszalek T, Pisula W, Rannou P, Faul CFJ. Exploring Redox States, Doping and Ordering of Electroactive Star-Shaped Oligo(aniline)s. Chemistry 2016; 22:16950-16956. [PMID: 27723154 PMCID: PMC5129507 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We have prepared a simple star-shaped oligo(aniline) (TDPB) and characterised it in detail by MALDI-TOF MS, UV/Vis/NIR spectroscopy, time-dependent DFT, cyclic voltammetry and EPR spectroscopy. TDPB is part of an underdeveloped class of π-conjugated molecules with great potential for organic electronics, display and sensor applications. It is redox active and reacts with acids to form radical cations. Acid-doped TDPB shows behaviour similar to discotic liquid crystals, with X-ray scattering investigations revealing columnar self-assembled arrays. The combination of unpaired electrons and supramolecular stacking suggests that star-shaped oligo(aniline)s like TDPB have the potential to form conducting nanowires and organic magnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalie Fey
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Tomasz Marszalek
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
| | - Wojciech Pisula
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Department of Molecular PhysicsFaculty of ChemistryLodz University of TechnologyZeromskiego 11690-924ŁódźPoland
| | - Patrice Rannou
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SPrAM38000GrenobleFrance
- CNRS, INAC-SPrAM38000GrenobleFrance
- CEA, INAC-SPrAM38000GrenobleFrance
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10
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Bell OA, Wu G, Haataja JS, Brömmel F, Fey N, Seddon AM, Harniman R, Richardson RM, Ikkala O, Zhang X, Faul CFJ. Self-Assembly of a Functional Oligo(Aniline)-Based Amphiphile into Helical Conductive Nanowires. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:14288-94. [PMID: 26496508 PMCID: PMC4694622 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A tetra(aniline)-based cationic amphiphile, TANI-NHC(O)C5H10N(CH3)3(+)Br(-) (TANI-PTAB) was synthesized, and its emeraldine base (EB) state was found to self-assemble into nanowires in aqueous solution. The observed self-assembly is described by an isodesmic model, as shown by temperature-dependent UV-vis investigations. Linear dichroism (LD) studies, combined with computational modeling using time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT), suggests that TANI-PTAB molecules are ordered in an antiparallel arrangement within nanowires, with the long axis of TANI-PTAB arranged perpendicular to the nanowire long axis. Addition of either S- or R- camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) to TANI-PTAB converted TANI to the emeraldine salt (ES), which retained the ability to form nanowires. Acid doping of TANI-PTAB had a profound effect on the nanowire morphology, as the CSA counterions' chirality translated into helical twisting of the nanowires, as observed by circular dichroism (CD). Finally, the electrical conductivity of CSA-doped helical nanowire thin films processed from aqueous solution was 2.7 mS cm(-1). The conductivity, control over self-assembled 1D structure and water-solubility demonstrate these materials' promise as processable and addressable functional materials for molecular electronics, redox-controlled materials and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guanglu Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering,
Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Johannes S. Haataja
- Aalto
University, Department of Applied Physics,
Molecular Materials, FIN-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Natalie Fey
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Annela M. Seddon
- H.
H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University
of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
- Bristol
Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, Nanoscience and Quantum Information
Building, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1FD, United
Kingdom
| | | | - Robert M. Richardson
- H.
H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University
of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Olli Ikkala
- Aalto
University, Department of Applied Physics,
Molecular Materials, FIN-00076 Espoo, Finland
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering,
Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Charl F. J. Faul
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.
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11
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Thomas JO, Andrade HD, Mills BM, Fox NA, Hoerber HJK, Faul CFJ. Imaging the Predicted Isomerism of Oligo(aniline)s: A Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:3430-4. [PMID: 25786786 PMCID: PMC4692098 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201500511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly of two emeraldine base tetra(aniline) derivatives is investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy. A combination of the scanning tunneling microscopy data and calculations reveals the presence of predicted cis/trans isomerism in this oxidation state. This isomerism is shown to hinder self-assembly into ordered structures, and provides indications as to why the properties of these materials, and their parent polymer, polyaniline, remain unfulfilled.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O Thomas
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, Centre for NSQI, University of BristolTyndall Avenue, BS8 1FD, UK
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of BristolTyndall Avenue, BS8 1TL, UK E-mail:
| | - Hugo D Andrade
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of BristolTyndall Avenue, BS8 1TL, UK E-mail:
| | - Benjamin M Mills
- School of Chemistry, University of BristolCantock's Close, BS8 1TS, UK E-mail:
| | - Neil A Fox
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of BristolTyndall Avenue, BS8 1TL, UK E-mail:
| | - Heinrich J K Hoerber
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of BristolTyndall Avenue, BS8 1TL, UK E-mail:
| | - Charl F J Faul
- School of Chemistry, University of BristolCantock's Close, BS8 1TS, UK E-mail:
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12
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Hardy JG, Amend MN, Geissler S, Lynch VM, Schmidt CE. Peptide-directed assembly of functional supramolecular polymers for biomedical applications: electroactive molecular tongue-twisters (oligoalanine–oligoaniline–oligoalanine) for electrochemically enhanced drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:5005-5009. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00106d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the preparation and characterization of films of electroactive supramolecular polymers based on non-electroactive oligoalanines and electroactive oligoanilines.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G. Hardy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Megan N. Amend
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
| | - Sydney Geissler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Vincent M. Lynch
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
| | - Christine E. Schmidt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering
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13
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Faul CFJ. Ionic self-assembly for functional hierarchical nanostructured materials. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:3428-38. [PMID: 25191750 DOI: 10.1021/ar500162a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
CONSPECTUS: The challenge of constructing soft functional materials over multiple length scales can be addressed by a number of different routes based on the principles of self-assembly, with the judicious use of various noncovalent interactions providing the tools to control such self-assembly processes. It is within the context of this challenge that we have extensively explored the use of an important approach for materials construction over the past decade: exploiting electrostatic interactions in our ionic self-assembly (ISA) method. In this approach, cooperative assembly of carefully chosen charged surfactants and oppositely charged building blocks (or tectons) provides a facile noncovalent route for the rational design and production of functional nanostructured materials. Generally, our research efforts have developed with an initial focus on establishing rules for the construction of novel noncovalent liquid-crystalline (LC) materials. We found that the use of double-tailed surfactant species (especially branched double-tailed surfactants) led to the facile formation of thermotropic (and, in certain cases, lyotropic) phases, as demonstrated by extensive temperature-dependent X-ray and light microscopy investigations. From this core area of activity, research expanded to cover issues beyond simple construction of anisotropic materials, turning to the challenge of inclusion and exploitation of switchable functionality. The use of photoactive azobenzene-containing ISA materials afforded opportunities to exploit both photo-orientation and surface relief grating formation. The preparation of these anisotropic LC materials was of interest, as the aim was the facile production of disposable and low-cost optical components for display applications and data storage. However, the prohibitive cost of the photo-orientation processes hampered further exploitation of these materials. We also expanded our activities to explore ISA of biologically relevant tectons, specifically deoxyguanosine monophosphate. This approach proved, in combination with block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly, very fruitful for the construction of complex and hierarchical functional materials across multiple length scales. Molecular frustration and incommensurability, which played a major role in structure formation in combination with nucleotide assembly, have now become important tools to tune supramolecular structure formation. These concepts, that is, the use of BCP assembly and incommensurability, in combination with metal-containing polymeric materials, have provided access to novel supramolecular morphologies and, more importantly, design rules to prepare such constructs. These design rules are now also being applied to the assembly of electroactive oligo(aniline)-based materials for the preparation of highly ordered functional soft materials, and present an opportunity for materials development for applications in energy storage. In this Account, we therefore discuss investigations into (i) the inclusion and preparation of supramolecular photoactive and electroactive materials; (ii) the exploitation and control over multiple noncovalent interactions to fine-tune function, internal structure, and long-range order and (iii) exploration of construction over multiple length scales by combination of ISA with well-known BCP self-assembly. Combination of ISA with tuning of volume fractions, mutual compatibility, and molecular frustration now provides a versatile tool kit to construct complex and hierarchical functional materials in a facile noncovalent way. A direct challenge for future ISA activities would certainly be the construction of functional mesoscale objects. However, within a broader scientific context, the challenge would be to exploit this powerful assembly tool for application in areas of research with societal impact, for example, energy storage and generation. The hope is that this Account will provide a platform for such future research activities and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charl F. J. Faul
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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14
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Wu Y, Liu S, Tao Y, Ma C, Zhang Y, Xu J, Wei Y. New strategy for controlled release of drugs. Potential pinpoint targeting with multiresponsive tetraaniline diblock polymer vesicles: site-directed burst release with voltage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:1470-1480. [PMID: 24450985 DOI: 10.1021/am404696u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A series of amphiphlic diblock polymers, tetraaniline block with different length of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (TA-b-PNIPAM), have been successfully synthesized. In a suitable solution, the as-synthesized diblock polymers can form stable large compound vesicles (LCVs) with multiple bimolecular-layer structure through self-assembly. These factors, such as the block length, different organic solvent, solvent ratio, pH value, temperature, and voltage, which affect the morphology and properties of the assembled aggregates, are systematically investigated. When the degree of polymerization of PNIPAM block is close to 10, the as-synthesized diblock polymer may form stable LCVs with the uniform size as well as few defects in the mixed solvent of dimethylformamide/water (v/v = 3:7). The assembled LCVs possess the properties of triple-responsive capacity on temperature, pH, and voltage. Variation in any of these factors can cause some changes in the morphology of LCVs. The drug release properties for doxorubicin (DOX) loaded by LCVs affected by temperature, voltage, and different pH values have been investigated. It is interesting that the structure of LCVs can be destructed completely by applying a voltage at 0.6 V. With such an advantage, the drugs loaded by the LCVs could burst release into designated place by using appropriate circuit design or instrument, thus achieving maximum efficacy of the loaded drugs or other bioactive molecules without any unnecessary chemical substances added. This approach allows us to concentrate more on material design aspects only, without regard to the complex targeting issue which is the biggest obstacle of such materials in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Wu
- PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 51025, China
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15
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Lv W, Feng J, Yan W, Faul CFJ. Self-assembly and pH response of electroactive liquid core–tetra(aniline) shell microcapsules. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:4720-4725. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00398e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Synthesis electroactive polyurea with aniline-pentamer-based in the main chain and its application in electrochemical sensor. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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