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Xing X, Wu Z, Sun Y, Liu Y, Dong X, Li S, Wang W. The Optimization of Hole Injection Layer in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:161. [PMID: 38251126 PMCID: PMC10819190 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are widely recognized as the forefront technology for displays and lighting technology. Now, the global OLED market is nearly mature, driven by the rising demand for superior displays in smartphones. In recent years, numerous strategies have been introduced and demonstrated to optimize the hole injection layer to further enhance the efficiency of OLEDs. In this paper, different methods of optimizing the hole injection layer were elucidated, including using a suitable hole injection material to minimize the hole injection barrier and match the energy level with the emission layer, exploring new preparation methods to optimize the structure of hole injection layer, and so on. Meanwhile, this article can help people to understand the current research progress and the challenges still faced in relation to the hole injection layer in OLEDs, providing future research directions to enhance the properties of OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Xing
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (X.X.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Ziye Wu
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (X.X.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Yingying Sun
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (X.X.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Yunlong Liu
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (X.X.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (X.X.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Liaocheng 252059, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Shuhong Li
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (X.X.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (X.X.); (Z.W.); (Y.S.); (X.D.); (S.L.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, Liaocheng 252059, China
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2
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Marcial-Hernandez R, Giacalone S, Neal WG, Lee CS, Gilhooly-Finn PA, Mastroianni G, Meli D, Wu R, Rivnay J, Palma M, Nielsen CB. Aqueous processing of organic semiconductors enabled by stable nanoparticles with built-in surfactants. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:6793-6801. [PMID: 36946985 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06024h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of oligoether side chains onto a polymer backbone can help to stabilise polymeric dispersions in water without the necessity of surfactants or additives when conjugated polymer nanoparticles are prepared. A series of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) derivatives with different content of a polar thiophene derivative 3-((2-methoxyethoxy)methyl)thiophene was interrogated to find the effect of the polar chains on the stability of the formed nanoparticles, as well as their structural, optical, electrochemical, and electrical properties. Findings indicated that incorporation of 10-20 percent of the polar side chain led to particles that are stable over a period of 42 days, with constant particle size and polydispersity, however the particles from the polymer with 30 percent polar side chain showed aggregation effects. The polymer dispersions showed a stronger solid-like behaviour in water with decreasing polar side chain content, while thin film deposition from water was found to afford globular morphologies and crystallites with more isotropic orientation compared to conventional solution-processed films. As a proof-of-principle, field-effect transistors were fabricated directly from the aqueous dispersions demonstrating that polymers with hydrophilic moieties can be processed in water without the requirement of surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia Giacalone
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - William G Neal
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Chang-Seuk Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Peter A Gilhooly-Finn
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Giulia Mastroianni
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Dilara Meli
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Ruiheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Jonathan Rivnay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Matteo Palma
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Christian B Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
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3
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Ahmed LR, Chuang CH, Lüder J, Yang HW, EL-Mahdy AFM. Direct Metal-Free Synthesis of Uracil- and Pentaazaphenalene-Functionalized Porous Organic Polymers via Quadruple Mannich Cyclization and Their Nucleobase Recognition Activities. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lamiaa Reda Ahmed
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Chuang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Johann Lüder
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Center for Theoretical and computational Physics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Wei Yang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Ahmed F. M. EL-Mahdy
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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4
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Jadoun S, Rathore DS, Riaz U, Chauhan NPS. Tailoring of conducting polymers via copolymerization – A review. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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5
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Khokhar D, Jadoun S, Arif R, Jabin S. Functionalization of conducting polymers and their applications in optoelectronics. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2020.1819312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepali Khokhar
- Department of Chemistry, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, India
| | - Sapana Jadoun
- Department of Chemistry, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, India
| | - Rizwan Arif
- Department of Chemistry, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, India
| | - Shagufta Jabin
- Department of Chemistry, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research & Studies, Faridabad, India
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6
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Sabury S, Adams TJ, Kocherga M, Kilbey SM, Walter MG. Synthesis and optoelectronic properties of benzodithiophene-based conjugated polymers with hydrogen bonding nucleobase side chain functionality. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00972e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nucleobase functionalities in conjugated, alternating copolymers participate in interbase hydrogen bonding, which promotes molecular assembly and organization in thin films and enhances optical and electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Sabury
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Tennessee – Knoxville
- Knoxville
- USA
| | - Tyler J. Adams
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina – Charlotte
- Charlotte
- USA
| | - Margaret Kocherga
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina – Charlotte
- Charlotte
- USA
| | - S. Michael Kilbey
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Tennessee – Knoxville
- Knoxville
- USA
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
| | - Michael G. Walter
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Carolina – Charlotte
- Charlotte
- USA
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7
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Sabury S, Collier GS, Ericson MN, Kilbey SM. Synthesis of a soluble adenine-functionalized polythiophene through direct arylation polymerization and its fluorescence responsive behavior. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01142k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An adenine-functionalized polythiophene is synthesized via direct arylation polymerization using Boc-protection to overcome catalyst deactivation. The resulting copolymer is highly soluble and shows reversible fluorescence quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Sabury
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
| | - Graham S. Collier
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | - M. Nance Ericson
- Electrical and Electronics Systems Research Division
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Oak Ridge
- USA
| | - S. Michael Kilbey
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Tennessee
- Knoxville
- USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
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8
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Lee S, Seo MH. Low-Temperature Cross-Linkable Small Molecules for Fully Solution-Processed OLEDs. Chemistry 2018; 24:17419-17423. [PMID: 30221405 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cross-linkable hole-transporting, host, and electron-transporting materials with a new cross-linking group, uracil, are designed and synthesized. These compounds exhibited good solubility in common organic solvents and excellent solvent resistance after cross-linking at a low temperature of 120 °C. The OLED was fabricated by all-solution processing using cross-linkable synthetic compounds, except for the electrodes. This device exhibited a current efficiency of 39.2 cd A-1 and a power efficiency of 15.3 lm W-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungkoo Lee
- IT Convergence Materials Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Choongnam-do, 31056, Korea
| | - Min Hye Seo
- IT Convergence Materials Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Choongnam-do, 31056, Korea
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9
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Zhang X, Su L, Qiu L, Fan Z, Zhang X, Lin S, Huang Q. Palladium-catalyzed C–H olefination of uracils and caffeines using molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:3499-3506. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00616k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The palladium-catalyzed oxidative C–H olefination of uracils or caffeines with alkenes using an atmospheric pressure of molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant has been disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials
| | - Lv Su
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials
| | - Lin Qiu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials
| | - Zhenwei Fan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials
| | - Shen Lin
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials
| | - Qiufeng Huang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- People's Republic of China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials
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10
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Nakashita T, Sugimoto R, Hai TAP. Synthesis and Properties of Stable 3-Hexylthiophene and Triphenylamine Copolymers. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20160248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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11
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Cheng CC, Chen JK, Shieh YT, Lee DJ. Supramolecular core-shell nanoparticles for photoconductive device applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:32LT01. [PMID: 27353003 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/32/32lt01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a breakthrough discovery involving supramolecular-based strategies to construct novel core-shell heterojunction nanoparticles with hydrophilic adenine-functionalized polythiophene (PAT) as the core and hydrophobic phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as the shell, which enables the conception of new functional supramolecular assemblies for constructing functional nanomaterials for applications in optoelectronic devices. The generated nanoparticles exhibit uniform spherical shape, well-controlled tuning of particle size with narrow size distributions, and excellent electrochemical stability in solution and the solid state owing to highly efficient energy transfer from PAT to PCBM. When the PAT/PCBM nanoparticles were fabricated into a photoconducting layer in an electronic device, the resulting device showed excellent electric conduction characteristics, including an electrically-tunable voltage-controlled switch, and high short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage. These observations demonstrate how the self-assembly of PAT/PCBM into specific nanostructures may help to promote efficient charge generation and transport processes, suggesting potential for a wide variety of applications as a promising candidate material for bulk heterojunction polymer devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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12
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Cheng CC, Chang FC, Kao WY, Hwang SM, Liao LC, Chang YJ, Liang MC, Chen JK, Lee DJ. Highly efficient drug delivery systems based on functional supramolecular polymers: In vitro evaluation. Acta Biomater 2016; 33:194-202. [PMID: 26796210 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The novel concept of modifying and enhancing the properties of existing functional micelles through self-complementary interactions has significant potential. In this study, a practical approach to living polymerization of functionalized thermoresponsive monomers enabled the incorporation of self-constituted multiple hydrogen bonded groups into micelles that have potential as supramolecular drug-delivery systems. Phase transitions and morphological studies in aqueous solution showed that the microstructure can be controlled to achieve well-defined vesicle-like micelles with respect to the strength of the hydrogen bond segment. Thus, the resulting micelles have a very low critical micellization concentration and very high loading capacity (16.1%), making the loading process extremely stable and efficient. Incorporation of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) affected the micellization process in aqueous solution and enabled fine-tuning of drug loading and precise control of drug release rate with excellent sensitivity. Release studies in vitro showed that DOX-loaded micelles exerted dose-dependent cytotoxicity against human liver carcinoma (HepG2) cells at the physiological temperature of 37°C. In addition, DOX-loaded micelles were efficiently endocytosed by the cancer cells, which may enable the micelles to serve as suitable vehicles for effective delivery of anticancer drugs to primary tumors and metastatic disease. This newly developed material may provide a potential route towards next-generation drug delivery vehicles. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE A breakthrough innovation in water-based thermo-responsive polymers has enabled significant progress in developing smart stimuli-responsive nanocarriers by generating novel "supramolecular polymeric micelles" via self-complementary hydrogen-bonding interactions. These newly developed micelles exhibit extremely high micellar stability and drug loading capacity (up to 16%), excellent thermo-responsive behavior and precise control of drug release rate due to hydrogen-bond-induced physical cross-linking. In addition, doxorubicin-loaded micelles were efficiently endocytosed by the cancer cells, which allows them to serve as suitable vehicles for effective delivery of anticancer drugs to primary tumors and metastatic disease. Thus, this work provides a potential route for the development of next generation multifunctional nanocarriers that have improved safety and to increase the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer therapy.
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13
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Ran Q, Ma J, Wang T, Fan S, Yang Y, Qi S, Cheng Y, Song F. Synthesis and fluorescence study of conjugated polymers based on 2,4,6-triphenylpyridine moieties. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03722k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three novel 2,4,6-triphenylpyridine-based conjugated polymers showed strong fluorescence emission with large Stokes' shifts, tunable band gaps and high quantum yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianping Ran
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
| | - Jianfeng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
| | - Shimin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
| | - Shuai Qi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
| | - Yixiang Cheng
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Fengyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials (HPCEM)
- Jiangsu Research Institute of Building Science
- Nanjing 210008
- China
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14
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Liu Y, Nishiwaki N, Saigo K, Sugimoto R. Polymerization of 3-hexylthiophene with FeCl3 in aromatic solvents. Polym Bull (Berl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-015-1373-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Cheng CC, Chang FC, Wang JH, Chu YL, Wang YS, Lee DJ, Chuang WT, Xin Z. Large-scale production of ureido-cytosine based supramolecular polymers with well-controlled hierarchical nanostructures. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15849d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel UrCy–PPG was developed for the synthesis of high-quality supramolecular polymers in large-scale production utilizing only commercially-available chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chih Chang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin Chu 30050, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hsu Wang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin Chu 30050, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Chu
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin Chu 30050, Taiwan
| | - Yeh-Sheng Wang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsin Chu 30050, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center
- Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Zhong Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237, China
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- David Aradilla
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSEIB; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; Avda. Diagonal 647 Barcelona E-08028 Spain
- Center for Research in Nano-Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; Campus Sud, Edifici C’, C/Pasqual i Vila s/n Barcelona E-08028 Spain
| | - Carlos Aleman
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, ETSEIB; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; Avda. Diagonal 647 Barcelona E-08028 Spain
- Center for Research in Nano-Engineering; Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya; Campus Sud, Edifici C’, C/Pasqual i Vila s/n Barcelona E-08028 Spain
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17
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Submerged liquid plasma for the synthesis of unconventional nitrogen polymers. Sci Rep 2014; 3:2414. [PMID: 23933661 PMCID: PMC3740282 DOI: 10.1038/srep02414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glow discharge polymerization is not well understood due to the rapid/complex reaction at the plasma/gas precursor interface. Plasma reaction in a submerged condition allows post-plasma-polymerization, leading to further polymer growth and thus a stable structure. Electron collision with acetonitrile at the interface initiates the formation of radical monomers, which undergoes further rearrangement to form low-molecular (LM) nitrogen polymers (NPs). The radical-rich LM NPs go through further polymerization, forming stable high-molecular (HM) NPs (as determined using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry). LM NPs absorb light at a wavelength of 270 nm (λ max) whereas HM NPs show absorption at 420 nm (λ max), as determined from ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra. The fluorescence spectra of HM NPs show characteristic emission at 430 nm, which indicates the presence of nitrogen functional groups with external conjugation. The proposed structure of HM NPs is verified with different analytical instruments.
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18
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Jiang X, Liu X, Jiang Y, Quan Y, Cheng Y, Zhu C. Fluorescence Study of Chiral β-Ketoiminate-Based Newly Synthesized Boron Hybrid Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Jiang
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Xunhua Liu
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Yuliang Jiang
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Yiwu Quan
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Yixiang Cheng
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- Key Lab of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210093 P. R. China
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19
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Singh R, Meena JS, Chang YC, Wu CS, Ko FH. Control of active semiconducting layer packing in organic thin film transistors through synthetic tailoring of dielectric materials. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02077d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of dielectric material's property on the solid state structure packing of active semiconducting layer in OTFTs has been carefully studied by employing a whole new family of dielectric materials based on the rigid, tetrahedral bulky moleculei.e.adamantane, a smallest cage structure of diamond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjodh Singh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jagan Singh Meena
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Electronics Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
| | - Yu-Cheng Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shu Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hsiang Ko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National Chiao Tung University
- Hsinchu, Taiwan
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Ma X, Jiang X, Zhang S, Huang X, Cheng Y, Zhu C. Near-infrared emission of novel bent-core V-shaped conjugated polymers based on the B,O-chelated azadipyrromethene structure. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00528c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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