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Betancourt L, Pico S, Rojas E, Gordo MJ, Oliva JC, Almirall J, Ponz E. Relationship between intraperitoneal pressure and the development of hernias in peritoneal dialysis: confirmation for the first time of a widely accepted concept. Int Urol Nephrol 2024; 56:759-765. [PMID: 37566322 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03663-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraperitoneal pressure (IPP) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an individual characteristic that can be modified by posture and intraperitoneal volume (IPV). It is considered one of the predisposing factors for complications in the abdominal wall, such as the appearance of hernias. No studies to date have confirmed this. The main aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the development of hernia in incident PD patients and IPP measured at PD onset. METHODS A prospective observational study of incident patients in a PD programme between 2010 and 2020. IPP was measured using the Durand's method. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-four incident patients on PD, 68% male, mean age 62.1 ± 15.23 years, body mass index (BMI) 27.7 ± 4.82 kg/m2, 44% were diabetic. IPP in supine was 16.6 ± 4.60 cm H2O for a mean IPV of 2047.1 ± 359.19 mL. Hernias were reported in 18.5% of patients during PD follow-up: 57% were inguinal hernias, 33% umbilical, and a further 10% presented in a combined form. PD hernias correlated positively with IPP in supine position (p = 0.037), patient age (p = 0.008), BMI (p = 0.043), a history of prior hernia (0.016), laparoscopic catheter placement (p = 0.026), and technique failure (p = 0.012). In the multivariate analysis, a higher IPP was independently related to the development of hernias (p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS The development of hernias in PD was related to a higher IPP at PD onset, older age, higher BMI, history of prior hernia, catheter placement by laparoscopy, and technique failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreley Betancourt
- Department of Nephrology, Parc Tauli Sabadell, University Hospital, Parc Tauli 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Medicine UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sandy Pico
- Department of Nephrology, Parc Tauli Sabadell, University Hospital, Parc Tauli 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estefania Rojas
- Department of Nephrology, Parc Tauli Sabadell, University Hospital, Parc Tauli 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Gordo
- Department of Nephrology, Parc Tauli Sabadell, University Hospital, Parc Tauli 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Oliva
- Department of Medicine UAB, Statistics Unit, Parc Tauli Sabadell, University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Almirall
- Department of Nephrology, Parc Tauli Sabadell, University Hospital, Parc Tauli 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Ponz
- Department of Nephrology, Parc Tauli Sabadell, University Hospital, Parc Tauli 1, 08208, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine UAB, Barcelona, Spain
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Wang Y, Burke KA. Phase behavior of main-chain liquid crystalline polymer networks synthesized by alkyne-azide cycloaddition chemistry. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:9885-9900. [PMID: 30511082 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01913d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystalline polymer networks (LCNs) couple polymer chain organization to molecular ordering, the switching of which has been shown to impart stimuli-responsive properties, including actuation and one-way shape memory, to the networks. While LCNs have long been proposed as artificial muscles, recent reports have also suggested potential as dynamic biomaterial substrates. In contrast to many existing LCNs synthesized using hydrophobic spacers, this work investigates networks synthesized using more hydrophilic spacers to promote interaction with water. A challenge with such materials is liquid crystalline phases could be disrupted in hydrated networks. This work thus investigates the impact of polyether spacers and mesogen composition on the phase behavior of LCNs. Main-chain LCNs were synthesized using alkyne-azide cycloaddition ("click" chemistry), where two different mesogens (5yH and 5yMe) and a non-LC monomer (5yTe) were coupled with one of two different polyether spacers, poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(propylene glycol), and a crosslinker. The chemistry led to high gel fraction materials, the workup of which resulted in networks that displayed no difference in cellular toxicity due to leachable components compared to tissue culture plastic control. Calorimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical analysis, and X-ray scattering revealed the LC microstructure and temperature-responsive properties of the networks. The use of low molecular weight polyether spacers was found to prevent their crystallization within the LC network, and adjusting mesogen composition to enhance its LC phase stability allowed the use of spacers with larger molecular weights and pendant groups. Hydrated networks were found to rearrange their structure compared to dry networks, while maintaining their LC phases. Like other crosslinked LC materials, the networks display shape changes (actuation) that are tied to changes in LC ordering. The result is a new synthetic approach for polydomain networks that form stable LC phases that are tailorable using polyether spacers and may enable future application as hydrated, stimuli-responsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Wang
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, 191 Auditorium Road Unit 3222, Storrs, CT 06269-3222, USA.
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Liu L, Liu MH, Deng LL, Lin BP, Yang H. Near-Infrared Chromophore Functionalized Soft Actuator with Ultrafast Photoresponsive Speed and Superior Mechanical Property. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:11333-11336. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical
Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular
Ferroelectrics, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Mei-Hua Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical
Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular
Ferroelectrics, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Lin-Lin Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical
Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular
Ferroelectrics, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Bao-Ping Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical
Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular
Ferroelectrics, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical
Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular
Ferroelectrics, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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Martínez-Gómez A, Fernández-Blázquez JP, Bello A, Pérez E. Preparation and Properties of a Main-Chain Smectic Liquid-Crystalline Elastomer with Shape-Memory Ability. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aránzazu Martínez-Gómez
- Instituto de Ciencia
y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Bello
- Instituto de Ciencia
y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Pérez
- Instituto de Ciencia
y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Torbati AH, Mather PT. A hydrogel-forming liquid crystalline elastomer exhibiting soft shape memory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir H. Torbati
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering; Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University; Syracuse New York 13244
| | - Patrick T. Mather
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering; Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University; Syracuse New York 13244
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