1
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Pingulkar H, Maréchal S, Salmon JB. Directional drying of a colloidal dispersion: quantitative description with water potential measurements using water clusters in a poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic chip. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:1079-1088. [PMID: 38214172 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01512b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
We have developed a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic chip to study the directional drying of a colloidal dispersion confined in a channel. Our measurements on a dispersion of silica nanoparticles once again revealed the phenomenology commonly observed for such systems: the formation of a porous solid with linear growth in the channel at short times, slowing down at longer times as the evaporation rate decreases. The growth of the solid is also accompanied by mechanical stresses that are released by the delamination of the solid from the channel walls and the formation of cracks. In addition to these observations, we report original measurements using hydrophilic filler in the PDMS formulation used (Sylgard-184). When the PDMS matrix is in contact with water, water molecules pool around these hydrophilic sites, resulting in the formation of microscopic water clusters whose size depends on the water potential ψ. In our work, we have used these water clusters to estimate the water potential profile in the channel as the porous solid grows. Using a transport model that also takes into account solid delamination in the channel, we then linked these water potential measurements to the hydraulic permeability of the porous solid. These measurements finally enabled us to show that the slowdown in the evaporation rate is due to the invasion of the porous solid by air/water nanomenisci at a critical capillary pressure ψcap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrishikesh Pingulkar
- CNRS, Solvay, LOF, UMR 5258, Université de Bordeaux, 178 av. Schweitzer, Pessac, 33600, France.
| | - Sonia Maréchal
- CNRS, Solvay, LOF, UMR 5258, Université de Bordeaux, 178 av. Schweitzer, Pessac, 33600, France.
| | - Jean-Baptiste Salmon
- CNRS, Solvay, LOF, UMR 5258, Université de Bordeaux, 178 av. Schweitzer, Pessac, 33600, France.
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2
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Zoheir AE, Stolle C, Rabe KS. Microfluidics for adaptation of microorganisms to stress: design and application. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:162. [PMID: 38252163 PMCID: PMC10803453 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic systems have fundamentally transformed the realm of adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) for microorganisms by offering unparalleled control over environmental conditions, thereby optimizing mutant generation and desired trait selection. This review summarizes the substantial influence of microfluidic technologies and their design paradigms on microbial adaptation, with a primary focus on leveraging spatial stressor concentration gradients to enhance microbial growth in challenging environments. Specifically, microfluidic platforms tailored for scaled-down ALE processes not only enable highly autonomous and precise setups but also incorporate novel functionalities. These capabilities encompass fostering the growth of biofilms alongside planktonic cells, refining selection gradient profiles, and simulating adaptation dynamics akin to natural habitats. The integration of these aspects enables shaping phenotypes under pressure, presenting an unprecedented avenue for developing robust, stress-resistant strains, a feat not easily attainable using conventional ALE setups. The versatility of these microfluidic systems is not limited to fundamental research but also offers promising applications in various areas of stress resistance. As microfluidic technologies continue to evolve and merge with cutting-edge methodologies, they possess the potential not only to redefine the landscape of microbial adaptation studies but also to expedite advancements in various biotechnological areas. KEY POINTS: • Microfluidics enable precise microbial adaptation in controlled gradients. • Microfluidic ALE offers insights into stress resistance and distinguishes between resistance and persistence. • Integration of adaptation-influencing factors in microfluidic setups facilitates efficient generation of stress-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E Zoheir
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Camilla Stolle
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 1 (IBG-1), Biomolecular Micro- and Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Kersten S Rabe
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 1 (IBG-1), Biomolecular Micro- and Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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Bae J, Seo S, Wu R, Kim T. Programmable and Pixelated Solute Concentration Fields Controlled by Three-Dimensionally Networked Microfluidic Source/Sink Arrays. ACS NANO 2023; 17:20273-20283. [PMID: 37830478 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-integrated microfluidic platforms have played a pivotal role in understanding natural phenomena coupled with solute concentration gradients at the micro- and nanoscale, enabling on-chip microscopy in well-defined planar concentration fields. However, the standardized two-dimensional fabrication schemes in microfluidics have impeded the realization of more complex and diverse chemical environmental conditions due to the limited possible arrangements of source/sink conditions in a fluidic domain. In this study, we present a microfluidic platform with a three-dimensional microchannel network design, where discretized membranes can be integrated and individually controlled in a two-dimensional array format at any location within the entire quasi-two-dimensional solute concentration field. We elucidate the principles of the device to implement operations of the pixel-like sources/sinks and dynamically programmable control of various long-lasting solute concentration fields. Furthermore, we demonstrate the application of the generated solute concentration fields in manipulating the transport of micrometer or submicrometer particles with a high degree of freedom, surpassing conventionally available solute concentration fields. This work provides an experimental tool for investigating complex systems under high-order chemical environmental conditions, thereby facilitating the extensive development of higher-performance micro- and nanotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeol Bae
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjin Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ronghui Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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4
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Lee J, Lee J, Kim M. Multiscale micro-/nanofluidic devices incorporating self-assembled particle membranes for bioanalysis: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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5
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Bacchin P, Leng J, Salmon JB. Microfluidic Evaporation, Pervaporation, and Osmosis: From Passive Pumping to Solute Concentration. Chem Rev 2021; 122:6938-6985. [PMID: 34882390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Evaporation, pervaporation, and forward osmosis are processes leading to a mass transfer of solvent across an interface: gas/liquid for evaporation and solid/liquid (membrane) for pervaporation and osmosis. This Review provides comprehensive insight into the use of these processes at the microfluidic scales for applications ranging from passive pumping to the screening of phase diagrams and micromaterials engineering. Indeed, for a fixed interface relative to the microfluidic chip, these processes passively induce flows driven only by gradients of chemical potential. As a consequence, these passive-transport phenomena lead to an accumulation of solutes that cannot cross the interface and thus concentrate solutions in the microfluidic chip up to high concentration regimes, possibly up to solidification. The purpose of this Review is to provide a unified description of these processes and associated microfluidic applications to highlight the differences and similarities between these three passive-transport phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Bacchin
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Jacques Leng
- CNRS, Solvay, LOF, UMR 5258, Université de Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
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Zoheir AE, Späth GP, Niemeyer CM, Rabe KS. Microfluidic Evolution-On-A-Chip Reveals New Mutations that Cause Antibiotic Resistance. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007166. [PMID: 33458946 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices can mimic naturally occurring microenvironments and create microbial population heterogeneities ranging from planktonic cells to biofilm states. The exposure of such populations to spatially organized stress gradients can promote their adaptation into complex phenotypes, which are otherwise difficult to achieve with conventional experimental setups. Here a microfluidic chip that employs precise chemical gradients in consecutive microcompartments to perform microbial adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE), a key tool to study evolution in fundamental and applied contexts is described. In the chip developed here, microbial cells can be exposed to a defined profile of stressors such as antibiotics. By modulating this profile, stress adaptation in the chip through resistance or persistence can be specifically controlled. Importantly, chip-based ALE leads to the discovery of previously unknown mutations in Escherichia coli that confer resistance to nalidixic acid. The microfluidic device presented here can enhance the occurrence of mutations employing defined micro-environmental conditions to generate data to better understand the parameters that influence the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed E Zoheir
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 1 (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El Buhouth St., Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Georg P Späth
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 1 (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Christof M Niemeyer
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 1 (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Kersten S Rabe
- Institute for Biological Interfaces 1 (IBG-1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
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7
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Liu JD, Du XY, Hao LW, Li Q, Chen S. Macroscopic Self-Assembly of Gel-Based Microfibers toward Functional Nonwoven Fabrics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:50823-50833. [PMID: 33108153 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c14421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Macroscopic self-assembly has increasingly attracted numerous concerns because of the facile fabrication of complex structures and diversified morphologies. Key challenges still remain to design high-performance building blocks to increase the efficiency and diversity of macroscopic self-assembly. Here, we designed triple noncovalent interactions (carboxyl-Zn2+ coordination, host-guest interactions, and hydrogen bonding interactions) to enhance the interactions between self-healing fibers, constructing multidimensional nonwoven fiber-based fabrics through macroscopic self-assembly without further postprocessing. Profiled from the strong interactions generated from triple noncovalent interactions, ordered two-dimensional plane and three-dimensional spiral gel fabrics were fabricated using polyvinyl pyrrolidone/gel-based fibers as building blocks toward a human motion sensor. Moreover, we demonstrated that the macroscopic self-assembly strategy is universal to construct three-dimensional film-based fabrics toward wound dressing based on the triple noncovalent interactions between two-dimensional films. This macroscopic self-assembly approach provides an alternative strategy to fabricate gel fabrics for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xin Mofan Road, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Yun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xin Mofan Road, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Lu-Wei Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xin Mofan Road, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xin Mofan Road, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Su Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Functional Polymer Materials, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xin Mofan Road, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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8
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Jeong HH. Recent Developments in Bacterial Chemotaxis Analysis Based on the Microfluidic System. SLAS Technol 2020; 26:159-164. [PMID: 33143544 DOI: 10.1177/2472630320969146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial motility in response to chemicals, also called bacterial chemotaxis, is a critical ability to search for the optimal environment to ensure the survival of bacterial species. Recent advances in microbiology have allowed the engineering of bacterial chemotactic properties. Conventional methods for characterizing bacterial motility are not able to fully monitor chemotactic behavior. Developments in microfluidic technology have enabled the designing of new experimental protocols in which spatiotemporal control of the cellular microenvironment can be achieved, and in which bacterial motility can be precisely and quantitatively measured and compared. This review provides an overview of recent developments of and new insights into microfluidic systems for chemotaxis assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heon-Ho Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
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9
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Schunke C, Pöggeler S, Nordzieke DE. A 3D Printed Device for Easy and Reliable Quantification of Fungal Chemotropic Growth. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:584525. [PMID: 33224121 PMCID: PMC7669831 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.584525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical gradients are surrounding living organisms in all habitats of life. Microorganisms, plants and animals have developed specific mechanisms to sense such gradients. Upon perception, chemical gradients can be categorized either as favorable, like nutrients or hormones, or as disadvantageous, resulting in a clear orientation toward the gradient and avoiding strategies, respectively. Being sessile organisms, fungi use chemical gradients for their orientation in the environment. Integration of this data enables them to successfully explore nutrient sources, identify probable plant or animal hosts, and to communicate during sexual reproduction or early colony development. We have developed a 3D printed device allowing a highly standardized, rapid and low-cost investigation of chemotropic growth processes in fungi. Since the 3D printed device is placed on a microscope slide, detailed microscopic investigations and documentation of the chemotropic process is possible. Using this device, we provide evidence that germlings derived from oval conidia of the hemibiotrophic plant pathogen Colletotrichum graminicola can sense gradients of glucose and reorient their growth toward the nutrient source. We describe in detail the method establishment, probable pitfalls, and provide the original program files for 3D printing to enable broad application of the 3D device in basic, agricultural, medical, and applied fungal science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Schunke
- Department of Genetics of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Pöggeler
- Department of Genetics of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Elisabeth Nordzieke
- Department of Genetics of Eukaryotic Microorganisms, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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10
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Choi J, Baek S, Kim HC, Chae JH, Koh Y, Seo SW, Lee H, Kim SJ. Nanoelectrokinetic Selective Preconcentration Based on Ion Concentration Polarization. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-020-4109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Song J, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Du X, Guo Z, Kuang Y, Wang Y, Wu P, Zou K, Zou L, Lv J, Wang Q. A microfluidic device for studying chemotaxis mechanism of bacterial cancer targeting. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6394. [PMID: 29686328 PMCID: PMC5913277 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24748-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cancer targeting may become an efficacious cancer therapy, but the mechanisms underlying bacterial specificity for cancer cells need to be explored prior to adopting it as a new clinical application. To characterize the mechanism of bacterial chemotactic preference towards cancer cells, we developed a microfluidic device for in vitro study. The device consists of a cell culture chamber on both sides of a central bacteria channel, with micro-channels used as barriers between them. The device, when used as model for lung cancer, was able to provide simultaneous three-dimensional co-culture of multiple cell lines in separate culture chambers, and when used as model for bacterial chemotaxis, established constant concentration gradients of biochemical compounds in a central channel by diffusion through micro-channels. Fluorescence intensity of green fluorescence protein (GFP)-encoding bacteria was used to measure bacterial taxis behavior due to established chemotactic gradients. Using this platform, we found that Escherichia coli (E. coli) clearly illustrated the preference for lung cancer cells (NCI-H460) which was attributed to biochemical factors secreted by carcinoma cells. Furthermore, by secretome analysis and validation experiments, clusterin (CLU) was found as a key regulator for the chemotaxis of E. coli in targeting lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chengqian Zhang
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals and Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- Department of Scientific Research Center, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhe Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The first Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yanbin Kuang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingyan Wang
- Laboratory Center for Diagnostics, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals and Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lijuan Zou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Jianxin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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12
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Yanagisawa N, Higashiyama T. Quantitative assessment of chemotropism in pollen tubes using microslit channel filters. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:024113. [PMID: 30867856 PMCID: PMC6404937 DOI: 10.1063/1.5023718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a semi-in vitro chemotropism assay that can be used to evaluate the chemoattractant effect of diffusible plant signaling molecules on growing pollen tubes. We constructed an array of microslit channels in a microfluidic device that prevented the passage of randomly growing pollen tubes but permitted ones that are responsive to the chemoattractant. Depending on the microslit channel size, 80%-100% of the randomly growing Torenia fournieri pollen tubes were excluded from reaching the source of the attractant. Thus, the selection of pollen tubes that are capable of responding to chemoattractants from a mixed population can be realized using this platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yanagisawa
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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13
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Penland N, Choi E, Perla M, Park J, Kim DH. Facile fabrication of tissue-engineered constructs using nanopatterned cell sheets and magnetic levitation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:075103. [PMID: 28028248 PMCID: PMC5305271 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa55e0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report a simple and versatile method for in vitro fabrication of scaffold-free tissue-engineered constructs with predetermined cellular alignment, by combining magnetic cell levitation with thermoresponsive nanofabricated substratum (TNFS) based cell sheet engineering technique. The TNFS based nanotopography provides contact guidance cues for regulation of cellular alignment and enables cell sheet transfer, while magnetic nanoparticles facilitate the magnetic levitation of the cell sheet. The temperature-mediated change in surface wettability of the thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), substratum enables the spontaneous detachment of cell monolayers, which can then be easily manipulated through use of a ring or disk shaped magnet. Our developed platform could be readily applicable to production of tissue-engineered constructs containing complex physiological structures for the study of tissue structure-function relationships, drug screening, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisa Penland
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Eunpyo Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mikael Perla
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Jungyul Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deok-Ho Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
- Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109
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14
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Tian J, Gao Y, Zhou B, Cao W, Wu X, Wen W. A valve-free 2D concentration gradient generator. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02139a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Our designed chip with a criss-cross 3D flow path realizes a valve-free 2D concentration gradient generator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Tian
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Kowloon
- China
- Environmental Science Programs
| | - Bingpu Zhou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Science and Technology
- University of Macau
- Taipa
- China
| | - Wenbin Cao
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wu
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Kowloon
- China
| | - Weijia Wen
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Kowloon
- China
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15
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Choi E, Maeng B, Lee JH, Chang HK, Park J. In vitro quantitative analysis of Salmonella typhimurium preference for amino acids secreted by human breast tumor. MICRO AND NANO SYSTEMS LETTERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40486-016-0033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Oliveira AF, Pessoa ACSN, Bastos RG, de la Torre LG. Microfluidic tools toward industrial biotechnology. Biotechnol Prog 2016; 32:1372-1389. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aline F. Oliveira
- Department of Bioprocesses and Materials Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas; 500 Albert Einstein avenue Campinas P.O. Box 6066
| | - Amanda C. S. N. Pessoa
- Department of Bioprocesses and Materials Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas; 500 Albert Einstein avenue Campinas P.O. Box 6066
| | - Reinaldo G. Bastos
- Department of Agroindustrial Technology and Rural Socioeconomy, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos; Km 174 Anhanguera Highway Araras P.O. Box 153
| | - Lucimara G. de la Torre
- Department of Bioprocesses and Materials Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas; 500 Albert Einstein avenue Campinas P.O. Box 6066
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17
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Engineered nanofluidic preconcentration devices by ion concentration polarization. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-016-0401-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Choi E, Wang C, Chang GT, Park J. High Current Ionic Diode Using Homogeneously Charged Asymmetric Nanochannel Network Membrane. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:2189-97. [PMID: 26990504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A high current ionic diode is achieved using an asymmetric nanochannel network membrane (NCNM) constructed by soft lithography and in situ self-assembly of nanoparticles with uniform surface charge. The asymmetric NCNM exhibits high rectified currents without losing a rectification ratio because of its ionic selectivity gradient and differentiated electrical conductance. Asymmetric ionic transport is analyzed with diode-like I-V curves and visualized via fluorescent dyes, which is closely correlated with ionic selectivity and ion distribution according to variation of NCNM geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunpyo Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University , 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Korea
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University , 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Korea
| | - Gyu Tae Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University , 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Korea
| | - Jungyul Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University , 35 Baekbeom-ro (Sinsu-dong), Mapo-gu, Seoul 121-742, Korea
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Lee J, Kim M, Park J, Kim T. Self-assembled particle membranes for in situ concentration and chemostat-like cultivation of microorganisms on a chip. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:1072-1080. [PMID: 26907857 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00116e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, microparticles have been used as nanoporous membranes in microfluidic devices, contributing to various bioassays on a chip. Here, we report a self-assembled particle membrane (SAPM) integrated microfluidic device that concentrates particles into an aimed microchamber array by using evaporation-driven capillary forces, and manipulates the chemical environment of the microchamber array by sequentially introducing different solutions. We demonstrate that the SAPM-integrated microchamber array can concentrate microparticles and microbial cells up to 120-fold for 2 h and 35-fold for 1 h, respectively, resulting in remarkably high concentration factors. Additionally, we demonstrate that the microchamber array has high potential as a chemostat-like bioreactor because it can actively manipulate the initial seeding number of bacterial cells and continuously supply and sequentially switch fresh nutrients to them. As an example of various applications, the chemostat-like bioreactor was used as a microbial biosensor platform that enabled microbial sensor cells to respond more efficiently and rapidly to external stimuli, such as heavy metal ions. This was made possible by almost eliminating the initial lag phase that dramatically shortened the whole assay time. Notably, the SAPM-integrated microchamber array not only facilitates various bioassays on a chip but also provides unprecedented experimental platforms to study microorganisms in a simple and convenient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongwan Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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Huh K, Oh D, Son SY, Yoo HJ, Song B, Cho DID, Seo JM, Kim SJ. Laminar flow assisted anisotropic bacteria absorption for chemotaxis delivery of bacteria-attached microparticle. MICRO AND NANO SYSTEMS LETTERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40486-016-0026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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21
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Uzel SG, Amadi OC, Pearl TM, Lee RT, So PT, Kamm RD. Simultaneous or Sequential Orthogonal Gradient Formation in a 3D Cell Culture Microfluidic Platform. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:612-22. [PMID: 26619365 PMCID: PMC4752442 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Biochemical gradients are ubiquitous in biology. At the tissue level, they dictate differentiation patterning or cell migration. Recapitulating in vitro the complexity of such concentration profiles with great spatial and dynamic control is crucial in order to understand the underlying mechanisms of biological phenomena. Here, a microfluidic design capable of generating diffusion-driven, simultaneous or sequential, orthogonal linear concentration gradients in a 3D cell-embedded scaffold is described. Formation and stability of the orthogonal gradients are demonstrated by computational and fluorescent dextran-based characterizations. Then, system utility is explored in two biological systems. First, stem cells are subjected to orthogonal gradients of morphogens in order to mimic the localized differentiation of motor neurons in the neural tube. Similarly to in vivo, motor neurons preferentially differentiate in regions of high concentration of retinoic acid and smoothened agonist (acting as sonic hedgehog), in a concentration-dependent fashion. Then, a rotating gradient is applied to HT1080 cancer cells and the change in migration direction is investigated as the cells adapt to a new chemical environment. The response time of ≈4 h is reported. These two examples demonstrate the versatility of this new design that can also prove useful in many applications including tissue engineering and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien G.M. Uzel
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Ovid C. Amadi
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Taylor M. Pearl
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Richard T. Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Peter T.C. So
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Roger D. Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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22
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Integrative Utilization of Microenvironments, Biomaterials and Computational Techniques for Advanced Tissue Engineering. J Biotechnol 2015; 212:71-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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23
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Choi E, Kwon K, Lee SJ, Kim D, Park J. Non-equilibrium electrokinetic micromixer with 3D nanochannel networks. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:1794-8. [PMID: 25710479 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01435a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report an active micromixer which utilizes vortex generation due to non-equilibrium electrokinetics near the interface between a microchannnel and a nanochannel networks membrane (NCNM), constructed from geometrically controlled in situ self-assembled nanoparticles. A large interfacing area where it is possible to generate vortices can be realized, because nano-interstices between the assembled nanoparticles are intrinsically collective three-dimensional nanochannel networks, which may be compared to typical silicon-based 2D nanochannels. The proposed mixer shows a 2-fold shorter mixing time (~0.78 ms) and a 34-fold shorter mixing length (~7.86 μm) compared to conventional 2D nanochannels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunpyo Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 121-742, Korea.
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24
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Vogus DR, Mansard V, Rapp MV, Squires TM. Measuring concentration fields in microfluidic channels in situ with a Fabry-Perot interferometer. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:1689-1696. [PMID: 25661262 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00095e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in microfluidic technology have allowed for the generation and control of complex chemical gradients; however, few general techniques can measure these spatio-temporal concentration profiles without fluorescent labeling. Here we describe a Fabry-Perot interferometric technique, capable of measuring concentration profiles in situ, without any chemical label, by tracking Fringes of Equal Chromatic Order (FECO). The technique has a sensitivity of 10(-5) RIU, which can be used to track local solute changes of ~0.05% (w/w). The technique is spatially resolved (1 μm) and easily measures evolving concentration fields with ~20 Hz rate. Here, we demonstrate by measuring the binary diffusion coefficients of various solutes and solvents (and their concentration-dependence) in both free solution and in polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEG-DA) hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Vogus
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of California, Santa Barbara, USA.
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Choi E, Kwon K, Kim D, Park J. An electrokinetic study on tunable 3D nanochannel networks constructed by spatially controlled nanoparticle assembly. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:512-523. [PMID: 25407418 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00949e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel method to form ion-selective nanochannel networks between two microfluidic channels using geometrically controlled in situ self-assembled nanoparticles. We present a thorough experimental and theoretical analysis of nanoscale electrokinetics using the proposed microplatform. The nano-interstices between these assembled nanoparticles serve as the nanopores of ion-selective membranes with equivalent pore size. Its inherent characteristics (compared with the conventional one-dimensional nanochannels) are a high ionic flux and a low fluidic resistance because these nanopore clusters have a role as collective three-dimensional nanochannel networks, which result in a highly efficient performance beneficial for various applications. Another uniqueness of our system is that the electrical characteristics (such as ion transport through the nanochannel networks and the decrease in the limiting current region) can be tuned quantitatively or even optimized by changing the geometry of the microchannel and the pH condition of the working solution or by appropriately selecting the size and materials of the assembled nanoparticles. The correlation between these tuning parameters and nanoscale electrokinetics is deeply investigated with carefully designed experiments and their mechanism is thoroughly examined by a theoretical study. We expect that the presented system and methodology can contribute to opening new application fields, such as biomolecule separation/filtering/accumulation/analysis, bioelectronics, and energy generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunpyo Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 121-742, Korea.
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26
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Choi E, Kwon K, Kim D, Park J. Tunable reverse electrodialysis microplatform with geometrically controlled self-assembled nanoparticle network. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:168-78. [PMID: 25328008 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01031k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Clean and sustainable energy generation from ambient environments is important not only for large scale systems, but also for tiny electrical devices, because of the limitations of batteries or external power sources. Chemical concentration gradients are promising energy resources to power micro/nanodevices sustainably without discharging any pollutants. In this paper, an efficient microplatform based on reverse electrodialysis, which enables high ionic flux through three dimensional nanochannel networks for high power energy generation, is demonstrated. Highly effective cation-selective nanochannel networks are realized between two microfluidic channels with geometrically controlled in situ self-assembled nanoparticles in a cost-effective and simple way. The nano-interstices between the assembled nanoparticles have a role as collective three-dimensional nanochannel networks and they allow higher ionic flux under concentration gradients without decreasing diffusion potential, compared to standard one-dimensional nanochannels. An in-depth experimental study with theoretical analysis shows that the electrical power of the presented system can be flexibly tuned or further optimized by changing the size, material, and shape of the assembled nanoparticles or by the geometric control of the microchannel. This microfluidic power generation system can be readily integrated with existing lab on a chip systems in the near future and can also be utilized to investigate nanoscale electrokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunpyo Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 121-742, Korea.
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Shen C, Xu P, Huang Z, Cai D, Liu SJ, Du W. Bacterial chemotaxis on SlipChip. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:3074-80. [PMID: 24968180 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00213j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a simple and reusable microfluidic SlipChip device for studying bacterial chemotaxis based on free interface diffusion. The device consists of two glass plates with reconfigurable microwells and ducts, which can set up 20 parallel chemotaxis units as duplicates. In each unit, three nanoliter microwells and connecting ducts were assembled for pipette loading of a chemoeffector solution, bacterial suspension, and 1X PBS buffer solution. By a simple slipping operation, three microwells were disconnected from other units and interconnected by the ducts, which allowed the formation of diffusion concentration gradients of the chemoeffector for inducing cell migration from the cell microwell towards the other two microwells. The migration of cells in the microwells was monitored and accurately counted to evaluate chemotaxis. Moreover, the migrated cells were easily collected by pipetting for further studies after a slip step to reconnect the chemoeffector microwells. The performance of the device was characterized by comparing chemotaxis of two Escherichia coli species, using aspartic acid as the attractant and nitrate sulfate as the repellent. It also enables the separation of bacterial species from a mixture, based on the difference of chemotactic abilities, and collection of the cells with strong chemotactic phenomena for further studies off the chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohua Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, 100872 Beijing, China
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28
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Cho H, Hamza B, Wong EA, Irimia D. On-demand, competing gradient arrays for neutrophil chemotaxis. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:972-978. [PMID: 24430002 PMCID: PMC3950309 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50959a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cells in the circulation, protecting the body against pathogens and responding early to inflammation. Although we understand how neutrophils respond to individual stimuli, we know less about how they prioritize between competing signals or respond to combinational signals. This situation is due in part to the lack of adequate experimental systems to provide signals in controlled spatial and temporal fashion. To address these limitations, we designed a platform for generating on-demand, competing chemical gradients and for monitoring neutrophil migration. On this platform, we implemented forty-eight assays generating independent gradients and employed synchronized valves to control the timing of these gradients. We observed faster activation of neutrophils in response to fMLP than to LTB4 and unveiled for the first time a potentiating effect for fMLP during migration towards LTB4. Our observations, enabled by the new tools, challenge the current paradigm of inhibitory competition between distinct chemoattractant gradients and suggest that human neutrophils are capable of complex integration of chemical signals in their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansang Cho
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Hospital for Children, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Bashar Hamza
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Hospital for Children, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Elisabeth A. Wong
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Hospital for Children, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Daniel Irimia
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Shriners Hospital for Children, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
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Abstract
With the experimental tools and knowledge that have accrued from a long history of reductionist biology, we can now start to put the pieces together and begin to understand how biological systems function as an integrated whole. Here, we describe how microfabricated tools have demonstrated promise in addressing experimental challenges in throughput, resolution, and sensitivity to support systems-based approaches to biological understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhan
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Loice Chingozha
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Hang Lu
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
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30
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Hong JW, Song S, Shin JH. A novel microfluidic co-culture system for investigation of bacterial cancer targeting. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:3033-40. [PMID: 23743709 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50163a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Although bacterial cancer targeting in animal models has been previously demonstrated and suggested as a possible therapeutic tool, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms responsible for cancer specificity would be required prior to clinical applications. To visualize bacterial preference for cancer cells over normal cells and to elucidate the cancer-targeting mechanism, a simple microfluidic platform has been developed for in vitro studies. This platform allows simultaneous cultures of multiple cell types in independent culture environments in isolated chambers, and creates a stable chemical gradient across a collagen-filled passage between each of these cell culture chambers and the central channel. The established chemical gradient induces chemotactic preferential migration of bacteria toward a particular cell type for quantitative analysis. As a demonstration, we tested differential bacterial behavior on a two-chamber device where we quantified bacterial preference based on the difference in fluorescence intensities of green fluorescence protein (GFP)-expressing bacteria at two exits of the collagen-filled passages. Analysis of the chemotactic behavior of Salmonella typhimurium toward normal versus cancer hepatocytes using the developed platform revealed an apparent preference for cancer hepatocytes. We also demonstrate that alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is one of the key chemo-attractants for S. typhimurium in targeting liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Woo Hong
- Division of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Systems Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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31
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Wu J, Wu X, Lin F. Recent developments in microfluidics-based chemotaxis studies. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:2484-99. [PMID: 23712326 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc50415h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices can better control cellular microenvironments compared to conventional cell migration assays. Over the past few years, microfluidics-based chemotaxis studies showed a rapid growth. New strategies were developed to explore cell migration in manipulated chemical gradients. In addition to expanding the use of microfluidic devices for a broader range of cell types, microfluidic devices were used to study cell migration and chemotaxis in complex environments. Furthermore, high-throughput microfluidic chemotaxis devices and integrated microfluidic chemotaxis systems were developed for medical and commercial applications. In this article, we review recent developments in microfluidics-based chemotaxis studies and discuss the new trends in this field observed over the past few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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32
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Park ES, Difeo MA, Rand JM, Crane MM, Lu H. Sequentially pulsed fluid delivery to establish soluble gradients within a scalable microfluidic chamber array. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2013; 7:11804. [PMID: 24403986 PMCID: PMC3555978 DOI: 10.1063/1.4774313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a microfluidic chamber array that generates soluble gradients using sequentially pulsed fluid delivery (SPFD). SPFD produces stable gradients by delivering flow pulses to either side of a chamber. The pulses on each side contain different signal concentrations, and they alternate in sequence, providing the driving force to establish a gradient via diffusion. The device, herein, is significant because it demonstrates the potential to simultaneously meet four important needs that can accelerate and enhance the study of cellular responses to signal gradients. These needs are (i) a scalable chamber array, (ii) low complexity fabrication, (iii) a non-shearing microenvironment, and (iv) gradients with low (near zero) background concentrations. The ability to meet all four needs distinguishes the SPFD device from flow-based and diffusion-based designs, which can only achieve a subset of such needs. Gradients are characterized using fluorescence measurements, which reveal the ability to change the curvature of concentration profiles by simple adjustments to pulsing sequence and flow rate. Preliminary experiments with MDA-MB-231 cancer cells demonstrate cell viability and indicate migrational and morphological responses to a fetal bovine serum gradient. Improved and expanded versions of this technology could form the basis of high-throughput screening tools to study cell migration, development, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward S Park
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Michael A Difeo
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Rand
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Matthew M Crane
- The Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA ; Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - Hang Lu
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA ; The Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA ; Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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