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Microfluidic free-flow electrophoresis: a promising tool for protein purification and analysis in proteomics. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chu PY, Hsieh CH, Lin CR, Wu MH. The Effect of Optically Induced Dielectrophoresis (ODEP)-Based Cell Manipulation in a Microfluidic System on the Properties of Biological Cells. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10060065. [PMID: 32560153 PMCID: PMC7345979 DOI: 10.3390/bios10060065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell manipulation using optically induced dielectrophoresis (ODEP) in microfluidic systems has attracted the interest of scientists due to its simplicity. Although this technique has been successfully demonstrated for various applications, one fundamental issue has to be addressed—Whether, the ODEP field affects the native properties of cells. To address this issue, we explored the effect of ODEP electrical conditions on cellular properties. Within the experimental conditions tested, the ODEP-based cell manipulation with the largest velocity occurred at 10 Vpp and 1 MHz, for the two cancer cell types explored. Under this operating condition, however, the cell viability of cancer cells was significantly affected (e.g., 70.5 ± 10.0% and 50.6 ± 9.2% reduction for the PC-3 and SK-BR-3 cancer cells, respectively). Conversely, the exposure of cancer cells to the ODEP electrical conditions of 7–10 Vpp and 3–5 MHz did not significantly alter the cell viability, cell metabolic activity, and the EpCAM, VIM, and ABCC1 gene expression of cancer cells. Overall, this study fundamentally investigated the effect of ODEP electrical conditions on the cellular properties of cancer cells. The information obtained is crucially important for the utilization of ODEP-based cell manipulation in a microscale system for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Yu Chu
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Hsun Hsieh
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Hospital, New Taipei City 23600, Taiwan;
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ru Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Min-Hsien Wu
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan;
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-2118-800 (ext. 3599)
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Ahmed H, Ramesan S, Lee L, Rezk AR, Yeo LY. On-Chip Generation of Vortical Flows for Microfluidic Centrifugation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1903605. [PMID: 31535785 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Microcentrifugation constitutes an important part of the microfluidic toolkit in a similar way that centrifugation is crucial to many macroscopic procedures, given that micromixing, sample preconcentration, particle separation, component fractionation, and cell agglomeration are essential operations in small scale processes. Yet, the dominance of capillary and viscous effects, which typically tend to retard flow, over inertial and gravitational forces, which are often useful for actuating flows and hence centrifugation, at microscopic scales makes it difficult to generate rotational flows at these dimensions, let alone with sufficient vorticity to support efficient mixing, separation, concentration, or aggregation. Herein, the various technologies-both passive and active-that have been developed to date for vortex generation in microfluidic devices are reviewed. Various advantages or limitations associated with each are outlined, in addition to highlighting the challenges that need to be overcome for their incorporation into integrated microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Ahmed
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Shwathy Ramesan
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Lillian Lee
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Amgad R Rezk
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Leslie Y Yeo
- Micro/Nanophysics Research Laboratory, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
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Wang JY, Kwon JS, Hsu SM, Chuang HS. Sensitive tear screening of diabetic retinopathy with dual biomarkers enabled using a rapid electrokinetic patterning platform. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:356-362. [PMID: 31848562 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00975b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bead-based immunosensors have intrigued the scientific community over the past decades due to their rapid and multiplexed capabilities in the detection of various biological targets. Nevertheless, their use in the detection of low-abundance analytes remains a continuing challenge because of their limited number of active enrichment approaches. To this end, our research presents a delicate microbead enrichment technique using an optoelectrokinetic platform, followed by the detection of dual biomarkers for the sensitive screening of an eye disease termed diabetic retinopathy (DR). In this study, microbeads turned fluorescent as their surfaces formed sandwiched immunocomplexes in the presence of target antigens. The tiny fluorescent dots were then concentrated using the optoelectrokinetic platform for the enhancement of their signals. The signal rapidly escalated in 10 s, and the optimal limit of detection was nearly 100 pg mL-1. For practical DR screening, two biomarkers, lipocalin 1 (LCN1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were used. Approximately 20 μL of analytes were collected from the tear samples of the tested patients. The concentrations of both biomarkers showed escalating trends with the severity of DR. Two concentration thresholds of LCN1 and VEGF that indicate proliferative DR were determined out of 24 clinical samples based on the receiver operating characteristic curves. For verification, a single-blind test was conducted with additional clinical tear samples from five random subjects. The final outcome of this evaluation showed an accuracy of >80%. This non-invasive screening provides a potential means for the early diagnosis of DR and may increase the screening rate among the high-risk diabetic population in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Yi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Jae-Sung Kwon
- Division of Thermal and Fluids Science, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. and Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sheng-Min Hsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Han-Sheng Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan and Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.
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Kunti G, Agarwal T, Bhattacharya A, Maiti TK, Chakraborty S. On-Chip Concentration and Patterning of Biological Cells Using Interplay of Electrical and Thermal Fields. Anal Chem 2019; 92:838-844. [PMID: 31769657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Golak Kunti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal - 721302, India
| | - Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal - 721302, India
| | - Anandaroop Bhattacharya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal - 721302, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal - 721302, India
| | - Suman Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal - 721302, India
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Kunti G, Dhar J, Bhattacharya A, Chakraborty S. Joule heating-induced particle manipulation on a microfluidic chip. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2019; 13:014113. [PMID: 30867883 PMCID: PMC6404938 DOI: 10.1063/1.5082978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We develop an electrokinetic technique that continuously manipulates colloidal particles to concentrate into patterned particulate groups in an energy efficient way, by exclusive harnessing of the intrinsic Joule heating effects. Our technique exploits the alternating current electrothermal flow phenomenon which is generated due to the interaction between non-uniform electric and thermal fields. Highly non-uniform electric field generates sharp temperature gradients by generating spatially-varying Joule heat that varies along the radial direction from a concentrated point hotspot. Sharp temperature gradients induce a local variation in electric properties which, in turn, generate a strong electrothermal vortex. The imposed fluid flow brings the colloidal particles at the centre of the hotspot and enables particle aggregation. Furthermore, maneuvering structures of the Joule heating spots, different patterns of particle clustering may be formed in a low power budget, thus opening up a new realm of on-chip particle manipulation process without necessitating a highly focused laser beam which is much complicated and demands higher power budget. This technique can find its use in Lab-on-a-chip devices to manipulate particle groups, including biological cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golak Kunti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Jayabrata Dhar
- CNRS, Universite de Rennes 1, Geosciences Rennes UMR6118, Rennes, France
| | - Anandaroop Bhattacharya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Suman Chakraborty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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Lv C, Varanakkottu SN, Baier T, Hardt S. Controlling the Trajectories of Nano/Micro Particles Using Light-Actuated Marangoni Flow. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6924-6930. [PMID: 30285458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate small objects and to produce patterns on the nano- and microscale is of great importance, both with respect to fundamentals and technological applications. The manipulation of particles with diameters of the order of 100 nm or below is a challenge because of their Brownian motion but also because of the scaling behavior of methods such as optical trapping. The unification of optical and hydrodynamic forces is a potential route toward the manipulation of tiny objects. Herein we demonstrate the trapping and manipulation of nano- and microparticles based on interfacial flows controlled by visible light, a method we denote as "Light-Actuated Marangoni Tweezer (LAMT)". We experimentally study the manipulation of particles having diameters ranging from 20 nm to 10 μm, including quantum dots and polystyrene nano/microparticles. The particles can be manipulated by scanning a light beam along a liquid surface. In this way, we are able to define almost arbitrary particle trajectories, for example, in the form of letters. In addition, we are able to handle a number of particles in parallel by creating an optical "landscape" consisting of a multitude of laser spots. The inherent advantages of LAMTs are the linear scaling of the trapping force with the particle diameter and the fact that the force is less dependent on particle properties than in the case of conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunjing Lv
- Institute for Nano- and Microfluidics , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 10 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
- Department of Engineering Mechanics , Tsinghua University , 100084 Beijing , China
| | | | - Tobias Baier
- Institute for Nano- and Microfluidics , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 10 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Steffen Hardt
- Institute for Nano- and Microfluidics , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 10 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
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8
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Kim D, Ma Y, Kim KC. Three-dimensional particle behavior using defocusing method in micro-toroidal vortex generated by optoelectrokinetic flow. J Vis (Tokyo) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12650-018-0480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Detection of low-abundance biomarker lipocalin 1 for diabetic retinopathy using optoelectrokinetic bead-based immunosensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 89:701-709. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Mishra A, Maltais TR, Walter TM, Wei A, Williams SJ, Wereley ST. Trapping and viability of swimming bacteria in an optoelectric trap. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:1039-1046. [PMID: 26891971 PMCID: PMC5562368 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc01559f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Non-contact manipulation methods capable of trapping and transporting swimming bacteria can significantly aid in chemotaxis studies. However, high swimming speed makes the trapping of these organisms an inherently challenging task. We demonstrate that an optoelectric technique, rapid electrokinetic patterning (REP), can effectively trap and manipulate Enterobacter aerogenes bacteria swimming at velocities greater than 20 μm s(-1). REP uses electro-orientation, laser-induced AC electrothermal flow, and particle-electrode interactions for capturing these cells. In contrast to trapping non-swimming bacteria and inert microspheres, we observe that electro-orientation is critical to the trapping of the swimming cells, since unaligned bacteria can swim faster than the radially inward electrothermal flow and escape the trap. By assessing the cell membrane integrity, we study the effect of REP trapping conditions, including optical radiation, laser-induced heating, and the electric field on cell viability. When applied individually, the optical radiation and laser-induced heating have negligible effect on cells. At the standard REP trapping conditions fewer than 2% of cells have a compromised membrane after four minutes. To our knowledge this is the first study detailing the effect of REP trapping on cell viability. The presented results provide a clear guideline on selecting suitable REP parameters for trapping living bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mishra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, USA.
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Mishra A, Khor JW, Clayton KN, Williams SJ, Pan X, Kinzer-Ursem T, Wereley S. Optoelectric patterning: Effect of electrode material and thickness on laser-induced AC electrothermal flow. Electrophoresis 2015; 37:658-65. [PMID: 26613811 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Rapid electrokinetic patterning (REP) is an emerging optoelectric technique that takes advantage of laser-induced AC electrothermal flow and particle-electrode interactions to trap and translate particles. The electrothermal flow in REP is driven by the temperature rise induced by the laser absorption in the thin electrode layer. In previous REP applications 350-700 nm indium tin oxide (ITO) layers have been used as electrodes. In this study, we show that ITO is an inefficient electrode choice as more than 92% of the irradiated laser on the ITO electrodes is transmitted without absorption. Using theoretical, computational, and experimental approaches, we demonstrate that for a given laser power the temperature rise is controlled by both the electrode material and its thickness. A 25-nm thick Ti electrode creates an electrothermal flow of the same speed as a 700-nm thick ITO electrode while requiring only 14% of the laser power used by ITO. These results represent an important step in the design of low-cost portable REP systems by lowering the material cost and power consumption of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avanish Mishra
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jian-Wei Khor
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Katherine N Clayton
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Stuart J Williams
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xudong Pan
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P. R. China
| | - Tamara Kinzer-Ursem
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Steve Wereley
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Kim D, Shim J, Chuang HS, Kim KC. Numerical simulation on the opto-electro-kinetic patterning for rapid concentration of particles in a microchannel. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:034102. [PMID: 26015839 PMCID: PMC4433480 DOI: 10.1063/1.4921232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a mathematical model for laser-induced rapid electro-kinetic patterning (REP) to elucidate the mechanism for concentrating particles in a microchannel non-destructively and non-invasively. COMSOL(®)(v4.2a) multiphysics software was used to examine the effect of a variety of parameters on the focusing performance of the REP. A mathematical model of the REP was developed based on the AC electrothermal flow (ACET) equations, the dielectrophoresis (DEP) equation, the energy balance equation, the Navier-Stokes equation, and the concentration-distribution equation. The medium was assumed to be a diluted solute, and different electric potentials and laser illumination were applied to the desired place. Gold (Au) electrodes were used at the top and bottom of a microchannel. For model validation, the simulation results were compared with the experimental data. The results revealed the formation of a toroidal microvortex via the ACET effect, which was generated due to laser illumination and joule-heating in the area of interest. In addition, under some conditions, such as the frequency of AC, the DEP velocity, and the particle size, the ACET force enhances and compresses resulting in the concentration of particles. The conditions of the DEP velocity and the ACET velocity are presented in detail with a comparison of the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University , Busan 609-735, South Korea
| | - Jaesool Shim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan 712-749, South Korea
| | - Han-Sheng Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kyung Chun Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University , Busan 609-735, South Korea
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Wang KC, Kumar A, Williams SJ, Green NG, Kim KC, Chuang HS. An optoelectrokinetic technique for programmable particle manipulation and bead-based biosignal enhancement. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:3958-67. [PMID: 25109364 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00661e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Technologies that can enable concentration of low-abundance biomarkers are essential for early diagnosis of diseases. In this study, an optoelectrokinetic technique, termed Rapid Electrokinetic Patterning (REP), was used to enable dynamic particle manipulation in bead-based bioassays. Various manipulation capabilities, such as micro/nanoparticle aggregation, translation, sorting and patterning, were developed. The technique allows for versatile multi-parameter (voltage, light intensity and frequency) based modulation and dynamically addressable manipulation with simple device fabrication. Signal enhancement of a bead-based bioassay was demonstrated using dilute biotin-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) solutions mixed with streptavidin-conjugated particles and rapidly concentrated with the technique. As compared with a conventional ELISA reader, the REP-enabled detection achieved a minimal readout of 3.87 nM, which was a 100-fold improvement in sensitivity. The multi-functional platform provides an effective measure to enhance detection levels in more bead-based bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chih Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Mishra A, Kwon JS, Thakur R, Wereley S. Optoelectrical microfluidics as a promising tool in biology. Trends Biotechnol 2014; 32:414-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Liu X, Huang J, Xin H, Zhang Y, Li B. Optically controlled circling of particles with a particle-decorated fiber probe. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46822d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Optically controlled particle circling using a particle-decorated fiber probe was demonstrated based on the temperature gradient force and thermal convection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- School of Physics and Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- School of Physics and Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbao Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- School of Physics and Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- School of Physics and Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies
- School of Physics and Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Nayak M, Singh D, Singh H, Kant R, Gupta A, Pandey SS, Mandal S, Ramanathan G, Bhattacharya S. Integrated sorting, concentration and real time PCR based detection system for sensitive detection of microorganisms. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3266. [PMID: 24253282 PMCID: PMC3834602 DOI: 10.1038/srep03266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The extremely low limit of detection (LOD) posed by global food and water safety standards necessitates the need to perform a rapid process of integrated detection with high specificity, sensitivity and repeatability. The work reported in this article shows a microchip platform which carries out an ensemble of protocols which are otherwise carried in a molecular biology laboratory to achieve the global safety standards. The various steps in the microchip include pre-concentration of specific microorganisms from samples and a highly specific real time molecular identification utilizing a q-PCR process. The microchip process utilizes a high sensitivity antibody based recognition and an electric field mediated capture enabling an overall low LOD. The whole process of counting, sorting and molecular identification is performed in less than 4 hours for highly dilute samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisha Nayak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Deepak Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Himanshu Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India
| | - Rishi Kant
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India
| | - Ankur Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India
| | | | - Swarnasri Mandal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India
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