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Linden G, Vázquez O. Bioorthogonal Turn-On BODIPY-Peptide Photosensitizers for Tailored Photodynamic Therapy. Chemistry 2020; 26:10014-10023. [PMID: 32638402 PMCID: PMC7496803 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) leads to cancer remission via the production of cytotoxic species under photosensitizer (PS) irradiation. However, concomitant damage and dark toxicity can both hinder its use. With this in mind, we have implemented a versatile peptide-based platform of bioorthogonally activatable BODIPY-tetrazine PSs. Confocal microscopy and phototoxicity studies demonstrated that the incorporation of the PS, as a bifunctional module, into a peptide enabled spatial and conditional control of singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) generation. Comparing subcellular distribution, PS confined in the cytoplasmic membrane achieved the highest toxicities (IC50 =0.096±0.003 μm) after activation and without apparent dark toxicity. Our tunable approach will inspire novel probes towards smart PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Linden
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
| | - Olalla Vázquez
- Fachbereich ChemiePhilipps-Universität MarburgHans-Meerwein-Straße 435043MarburgGermany
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Boháčová S, Ludvíková L, Poštová Slavětínská L, Vaníková Z, Klán P, Hocek M. Protected 5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil nucleotides bearing visible-light photocleavable groups as building blocks for polymerase synthesis of photocaged DNA. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:1527-1535. [PMID: 29431832 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00160j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nucleosides, nucleotides and 2'-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) containing 5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil protected with photocleavable groups (2-nitrobenzyl-, 6-nitropiperonyl or 9-anthrylmethyl) were prepared and tested as building blocks for the polymerase synthesis of photocaged oligonucleotides and DNA. Photodeprotection (photorelease) reactions were studied in detail on model nucleoside monophosphates and their photoreaction quantum yields were determined. Photocaged dNTPs were then tested and used as substrates for DNA polymerases in primer extension or PCR. DNA probes containing photocaged or free 5-hydroxymethylU in the recognition sequence of restriction endonucleases were prepared and used for the study of photorelease of caged DNA by UV or visible light at different wavelengths. The nitropiperonyl-protected nucleotide was found to be a superior building block because the corresponding dNTP is a good substrate for DNA polymerases, and the protecting group is efficiently cleavable by irradiation by UV or visible light (up to 425 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Soňa Boháčová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namesti 2, CZ-16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Light-triggered release of photocaged therapeutics - Where are we now? J Control Release 2019; 298:154-176. [PMID: 30742854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The current available therapeutics face several challenges such as the development of ideal drug delivery systems towards the goal of personalized treatments for patients benefit. The application of light as an exogenous activation mechanism has shown promising outcomes, owning to the spatiotemporal confinement of the treatment in the vicinity of the diseased tissue, which offers many intriguing possibilities. Engineering therapeutics with light responsive moieties have been explored to enhance the bioavailability, and drug efficacy either in vitro or in vivo. The tailor-made character turns the so-called photocaged compounds highly desirable to reduce the side effects of drugs and, therefore, have received wide research attention. Herein, we seek to highlight the potential of photocaged compounds to obtain a clear understanding of the mechanisms behind its use in therapeutic delivery. A deep overview on the progress achieved in the design, fabrication as well as current and possible future applications in therapeutics of photocaged compounds is provided, so that novel formulations for biomedical field can be designed.
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Boháčová S, Vaníková Z, Poštová Slavětínská L, Hocek M. Protected 2′-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate building blocks for the photocaging of epigenetic 5-(hydroxymethyl)cytosine in DNA. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:5427-5432. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob01106k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
2′-Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates containing 5-(hydroxymethyl)cytosine protected with photocleavable groups were prepared and studied as substrates for the enzymatic synthesis of DNA containing a photocaged epigenetic 5hmC base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soňa Boháčová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- CZ-16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Vaníková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- CZ-16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
- Department of Organic Chemistry
| | - Lenka Poštová Slavětínská
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- CZ-16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Michal Hocek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- CZ-16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
- Department of Organic Chemistry
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Zhang L, Liang D, Wang Y, Li D, Zhang J, Wu L, Feng M, Yi F, Xu L, Lei L, Du Q, Tang X. Caged circular siRNAs for photomodulation of gene expression in cells and mice. Chem Sci 2017; 9:44-51. [PMID: 29629072 PMCID: PMC5869302 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03842a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Caged siRNAs with a circular structure were successfully used for photoregulation of target genes in both cells and mice.
By means of RNA interference (RNAi), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) play important roles in gene function study and drug development. Recently, photolabile siRNAs were developed to elucidate the process of gene silencing in terms of space, time and degree through chemical modification of siRNAs. We report herein a novel type of photolabile siRNA that was synthesized through cyclizing two ends of a single stranded RNA with a photocleavable linker. These circular siRNAs became more resistant to serum degradation. Using reporter assays of firefly/Renilla luciferase and GFP/RFP, the gene silencing activities of caged circular siRNAs for both genes were evaluated in HEK293 cells. The results indicated that the target genes were successfully photomodulated using these caged circular siRNAs that were formed by caged circular antisense guide RNAs and their linear complementary sense RNAs. Using the caged circular siRNA targeting GFP, we also successfully achieved photomodulation of GFP expression in mice. Upon further optimization, this new type of caged circular siRNA is expected to be a promising tool for studying gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38, Xueyuan Rd , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Duanwei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38, Xueyuan Rd , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38, Xueyuan Rd , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38, Xueyuan Rd , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Jinhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38, Xueyuan Rd , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Li Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38, Xueyuan Rd , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Mengke Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38, Xueyuan Rd , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Fan Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38, Xueyuan Rd , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - Luzheng Xu
- Medical and Health Analytical Center , Peking University , No. 38, Xueyuan Rd , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Liandi Lei
- Medical and Health Analytical Center , Peking University , No. 38, Xueyuan Rd , Beijing 100191 , China
| | - Quan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38, Xueyuan Rd , Beijing 100191 , China .
| | - XinJing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Peking University , No. 38, Xueyuan Rd , Beijing 100191 , China .
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Fonseca ASC, Soares AMS, Gonçalves MST, Costa SPG. Photolabile protection for amino acids: studies on the release from novel benzoquinolone cages. Amino Acids 2015. [PMID: 26202592 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a novel fused nitrogen heterocycle, benzoquinolone, for evaluation as a photocleavable protecting group is described for the first time by coupling to model amino acids (alanine, phenylalanine and glutamic acid). Conversion of the phenylalanine ester conjugate to the thionated derivative was accomplished by reaction with Lawesson's reagent. Photocleavage studies of the carbonyl and thiocarbonyl benzoquinolone conjugates in various solvents and at different wavelengths (300, 350 and 419 nm) showed that the most interesting result was obtained at 419 nm for the thioconjugate, revealing that the presence of the thiocarbonyl group clearly improved the photolysis rates, giving practicable irradiations times for the release of the amino acids (less than 1 min).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S C Fonseca
- Centro de Química, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana M S Soares
- Centro de Química, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - M Sameiro T Gonçalves
- Centro de Química, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Susana P G Costa
- Centro de Química, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
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Vaníková Z, Hocek M. Polymerase synthesis of photocaged DNA resistant against cleavage by restriction endonucleases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6734-7. [PMID: 24850380 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
5-[(2-Nitrobenzyl)oxymethyl]-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-O-triphosphate was used for polymerase (primer extension or PCR) synthesis of photocaged DNA that is resistant to the cleavage by restriction endonucleases. Photodeprotection of the caged DNA released 5-hydroxymethyluracil-modified nucleic acids, which were fully recognized and cleaved by restriction enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Vaníková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Gilead Sciences & IOCB Research Center, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6 (Czech Republic) http://www.uochb.cas.cz/hocekgroup
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Hanna M, Munshi M, Kedzierski NA, Chung PN, Huang T, Mok AK, Lukeman PS. Photocleavage control of nucleated DNA nanosystems--the influence of surface strand sterics. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:2094-2096. [PMID: 24402244 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr05875a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We use sterically inaccessible 'seed' strands, released from a surface into solution by photocleavage to initiate a nucleated DNA polymerization reaction. We demonstrate control of the quantity of 'seed' release and that hairpin steric protection of the 'seed' leads to less 'leaky' surfaces. This polymerization is a model system for surface-photocleavage initiation of sub-stoichiometric reaction cascades; these cascades should find use as a component of labs-on-chips capable of bioanalytical and DNA-computing tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morcos Hanna
- Chemistry Department, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway Queens, NY 11439, USA.
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