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Zhu M, Wang P, Wu Z, Zhong Y, Su L, Xin Y, Spokoyny AM, Zou C, Mu X. A Pd-catalyzed route to carborane-fused boron heterocycles. Chem Sci 2024; 15:10392-10401. [PMID: 38994428 PMCID: PMC11234826 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc02214a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the expanding applications of icosahedral carboranes in medicinal and materials chemistry research, their functionalizations have become one of the central themes in boron-rich cluster chemistry. Although several strategies for incorporating nitrogen-containing nucleophiles on a single boron vertex of the icosahedral carboranes (C2B10H12) have been developed, methods for preparing clusters with vicinal B-N moieties are still lacking. The steric bulk of icosahedral carboranes and disparate electronic and steric nature of the N-containing groups have rendered the vicinal diamination challenging. In this article, we show how a developed Pd-catalyzed process is used to incorporate an array of NH-heterocycles, anilines, and heteroanilines with various electronic and steric profiles onto the vicinal boron vertices of a meta-carborane cluster via sequential or one-pot fashion. Importantly, oxidative cyclizations of the cross-coupling products with indoles and pyrroles appended to boron vertices generate a previously unknown class of all-boron-vertex bound carborane-fused six- and seven-membered ring heterocycles. Photophysical studies of the meta-carborane-fused heterocycles show that these structures can exhibit luminescence with high quantum yields and are amenable to further manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Puzhao Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Zhengqiu Wu
- Functional Coordination Material Group-Frontier Research Center, Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan Dongguan 523808 Guangdong China
| | - Yangfa Zhong
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Laiman Su
- School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Yuquan Xin
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Alexander M Spokoyny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 607 Charles E. Young Drive East Los Angeles California 90095 USA
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 USA
| | - Chao Zou
- Functional Coordination Material Group-Frontier Research Center, Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan Dongguan 523808 Guangdong China
| | - Xin Mu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road 200237 Shanghai China
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Carboranes in drug discovery, chemical biology and molecular imaging. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:486-504. [PMID: 37117309 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There exists a paucity of structural innovation and limited molecular diversity associated with molecular frameworks in drug discovery and biomolecular imaging/chemical probe design. The discovery and exploitation of new molecular entities for medical and biological applications will necessarily involve voyaging into previously unexplored regions of chemical space. Boron clusters, notably the carboranes, offer an alternative to conventional (poly)cyclic organic frameworks that may address some of the limitations associated with the use of novel molecular frameworks in chemical biology or medicine. The high thermal stability, unique 3D structure and aromaticity, kinetic inertness to metabolism and ability to engage in unusual types of intermolecular interactions, such as dihydrogen bonds, with biological receptors make carboranes exquisite frameworks in the design of probes for chemical biology, novel drug candidates and biomolecular imaging agents. This Review highlights the key developments of carborane derivatives made over the last decade as new design tools in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology, showcasing the versatility of this unique family of boron compounds.
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Structure-property and structure-activity relationships of phenylferrocene derivatives as androgen receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 46:128141. [PMID: 34048883 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ferrocene is a representative organometallic compound having a sandwich structure with high stability and hydrophobicity. In this study, we determined the physicochemical properties of a series of nitro- and cyanophenylferrocenes, and evaluated their biological activity as androgen receptor (AR) antagonists. Ferrocene derivatives exhibited hydrophobicity parameter π values in the range between 2.54 and 3.23, depending on the substituents, indicating that the hydrophobicity of ferrocene is suitable for its application as a hydrophobic core structure of nuclear receptor ligands. The synthesized ferrocene derivatives showed AR-antagonistic activity, and among them, 3-nitrophenylferrocene 14 exhibited the most potent activity with an IC50 value of 0.28 μM. The developed compounds may be candidates for further structural development as AR antagonists. These findings also support the utility of organometallic species as structural options for drug discovery.
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Kato K, Nakayoshi T, Inoue H, Fukuyoshi S, Ohta K, Endo Y, Kurimoto E, Oda A. Development of Force Field Parameters for p-Carborane to Investigate the Structural Influence of Carborane Derivatives on Drug Targets by Complex Formation. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:1931-1939. [PMID: 33268711 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) has a key role in the development and progression of prostate cancer, and AR antagonists are used for its remedy. Recently, carborane derivatives, which are carbon-containing boron clusters have attracted attention as new AR ligands. Here we determined the force field parameters of 10-vertex and 12-vertex p-carborane to facilitate in silico drug design of boron clusters. Then, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of complexes of AR-carborane derivatives were performed to evaluate the parameters and investigate the influences of carborane derivatives on the three-dimensional structure of AR. Energy profiles were obtained using quantum chemical calculations, and the force-field parameters were determined by curve fitting of the energy profiles. The results of MD simulations indicated that binding of the antagonist-BA341 changed some hydrogen-bond formations involved in the structure and location of helix 12. Those results were consistent with previously reported data. The determined parameters are also useful for refining the structure of the carborane-receptor complex obtained by docking simulations and development of new ligands with carborane cages not only for AR but also for various receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kato
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University.,College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University
| | | | | | - Shuichi Fukuyoshi
- Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | - Kiminori Ohta
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University.,School of Pharmacy, Showa University
| | - Yasuyuki Endo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University
| | | | - Akifumi Oda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University.,Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University.,Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University
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Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors with carboranes as non-natural 3-D pharmacophores. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 185:111766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Fujii S. Development of Novel Hydrophobic Pharmacophores Based on Three-dimensional Molecular Architectures and Elements Chemistry. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2017; 137:31-41. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.16-00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Fujii
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo
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Leśnikowski ZJ. Challenges and Opportunities for the Application of Boron Clusters in Drug Design. J Med Chem 2016; 59:7738-58. [PMID: 27124656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There are two branches in boron medicinal chemistry: the first focuses on single boron atom compounds, and the second utilizes boron clusters. Boron clusters and their heteroatom counterparts belong to the family of cage compounds. A subset of this extensive class of compounds includes dicarbadodecaboranes, which have the general formula C2B10H12, and their metal biscarboranyl complexes, metallacarboranes, with the formula [M(C2B10H12)2(-2)]. The unique properties of boron clusters have resulted in their utilization in applications such as in pharmacophores, as scaffolds in molecular construction, and as modulators of bioactive compounds. This Perspective presents an overview of the properties of boron clusters that are pertinent for drug discovery, recent applications in the design of various classes of drugs, and the potential use of boron clusters in the construction of new pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew J Leśnikowski
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences , Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Biological Chemistry, 106 Lodowa St., Lodz 93-232, Poland
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Fujii S. Expanding the chemical space of hydrophobic pharmacophores: the role of hydrophobic substructures in the development of novel transcription modulators. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00012f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between biologically active compounds and their targets often involve hydrophobic interactions, and hydrophobicity also influences the pharmacokinetic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Fujii
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-0032
- Japan
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Ok K, Jung YW, Jee JG, Byun Y. Facile Docking and Scoring Studies of Carborane Ligands with Estrogen Receptor. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2013.34.4.1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Fujii S, Miyajima Y, Masuno H, Kagechika H. Increased Hydrophobicity and Estrogenic Activity of Simple Phenols with Silicon and Germanium-Containing Substituents. J Med Chem 2012; 56:160-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jm3013757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Fujii
- Institute of Biomaterials
and Bioengineering, Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku,
Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Yu Miyajima
- Institute of Biomaterials
and Bioengineering, Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku,
Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Masuno
- Institute of Biomaterials
and Bioengineering, Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku,
Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials
and Bioengineering, Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku,
Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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