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Matthews SE, Cecioni S, O'Brien JE, MacDonald CJ, Hughes DL, Jones GA, Ashworth SH, Vidal S. Fixing the Conformation of Calix[4]arenes: When Are Three Carbons Not Enough? Chemistry 2018; 24:4436-4444. [PMID: 29338100 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Calix[4]arenes are unique macrocycles that through judicious functionalisation at the lower rim can be either fixed in one of four conformations or remain conformationally flexible. Introduction of propynyl or propenyl groups unexpectedly provides a new possibility; a unidirectional conformational switch, with the 1,3-alternate and 1,2-alternate conformers switching to the partial cone conformation, whilst the cone conformation is unchanged, under standard experimental conditions. Using 1 H NMR kinetic studies, rates of switching have been shown to be dependent on the starting conformation, upper-rim substituent, where reduction in bulk enables faster switching, solvent and temperature with 1,2-alternate conformations switching fastest. Ab initio calculations (DFT) confirmed the relative stabilities of the conformations and point towards the partial cone conformer being the most stable of the four. The potential impact on synthesis through the "click" reaction has been investigated and found not to be significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan E Matthews
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Samy Cecioni
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, CO2-Glyco, UMR 5246, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - John E O'Brien
- School of Chemistry, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Colin J MacDonald
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - David L Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Garth A Jones
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Stephen H Ashworth
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Sébastien Vidal
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, CO2-Glyco, UMR 5246, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
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Jiang XK, Ikejiri Y, Jin CC, Wu C, Zhao JL, Ni XL, Zeng X, Redshaw C, Yamato T. Synthesis and evaluation of a novel fluorescent sensor based on hexahomotrioxacalix[3]arene for Zn2+ and Cd2+. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Gorbunov A, Cheshkov D, Kovalev V, Vatsouro I. Copper(I)-Catalyzed Cycloaddition of Azides to Multiple Alkynes: A Selectivity Study Using a Calixarene Framework. Chemistry 2015; 21:9528-34. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Wu Y, Ni XL, Mou L, Jin CC, Redshaw C, Yamato T. Synthesis of a ditopic homooxacalix[3]arene for fluorescence enhanced detection of heavy and transition metal ions. Supramol Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2014.1002841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang550025, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Long Ni
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang550025, P.R. China
| | - Lan Mou
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang550025, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Jin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Honjo-machi 1, Saga-shi, Saga840-8502, Japan
| | - Carl Redshaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, HullHU6 7RX, UK
| | - Takehiko Yamato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, Honjo-machi 1, Saga-shi, Saga840-8502, Japan
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Ni XL, Jin CC, Jiang XK, Takimoto M, Rahman S, Zeng X, Hughes DL, Redshaw C, Yamato T. Tri-substituted hexahomotrioxacalix[3]arene derivatives bearing imidazole units: synthesis and extraction properties for cations and chromate anions. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:5435-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40601f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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