1
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Hashemi N, Nandy S, Aleshkevych P, Chae KH, Najafpour MM. Reaction between Nickel Hydroxide and Cerium(IV) Ammonium Nitrate in Aqueous Solution. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:12157-12165. [PMID: 37462411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN) has been extensively used as a sacrificial oxidant to study water-oxidation catalysts (WOCs). Although nickel hydroxide has been extensively investigated as WOCs, the water-oxidation reaction (WOR) and mechanistic studies in the presence of CAN and nickel hydroxide were rarely performed. Herein, using in situ Raman spectroscopy, in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and in situ electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, WOR in the presence of CAN and β-Ni(OH)2 was investigated. The proposed WOR mechanism involves the oxidation of β-Ni(OH)2 by CAN, leading to the formation of γ-NiO(OH). γ-NiO(OH), in the presence of acidic conditions, evolves oxygen and is reduced to Ni(II). In other words, the role of β-Ni(OH)2 is the storage of four oxidizing equivalents by CAN, and then a four-electron reaction could result in a WOR with low activation energy. β-Ni(OH)2 in CAN at concentrations of 0.10 M shows WOR with a maximum turnover frequency and a turnover number (for 1000 s) of 5.5 × 10-5/s and 2.0 × 10-2 mol (O2)/mol(Ni), respectively. In contrast to β-Ni(OH)2, Ni(OH2)62+ (aq) could not be oxidized to γ-NiO(OH). Indeed, Ni(OH2)62+ (aq) is the decomposition product of β-Ni(OH)2/CAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negah Hashemi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Subhajit Nandy
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Pavlo Aleshkevych
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-668, Poland
| | - Keun Hwa Chae
- Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
- Research Center for Basic Sciences & Modern Technologies (RBST), Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
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2
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Bikas R, Shaghaghi Z, Heshmati-Sharabiani Y, Heydari N, Lis T. Water oxidation reaction in the presence of a dinuclear Mn(II)-semicarbohydrazone coordination compound. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 154:383-395. [PMID: 35870060 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00939-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water splitting, producing of oxygen, and hydrogen molecules, is an essential reaction for clean energy resources and is one of the challenging reactions for artificial photosynthesis. The Mn4Ca cluster in photosystem II (PS-II) is responsible for water oxidation in natural photosynthesis. Due to this, water oxidation reaction by Mn coordination compounds is vital for mimicking the active core of the oxygen-evolving complex in PS-II. Here, a new dinuclear Mn(II)-semicarbohydrazone coordination compound, [Mn(HL)(µ-N3)Cl]2 (1), was synthesized and characterized by various methods. The structure of compound 1 was determined by single crystal X-ray analysis, which revealed the Mn(II) ions have distorted octahedral geometry as (MnN4OCl). This geometry is created by coordinating of oxygen and two nitrogen donor atoms from semicarbohydrazone ligand, two nitrogen atoms from azide bridges, and chloride anion. Compound 1 was used as a catalyst for electrochemical water oxidation, and the surface of the electrode after the reaction was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and powder X-ray diffraction analyses. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) experiments revealed that the electrode containing 1 shows high activity for chemical water oxidation with an electrochemical overpotential as low as 377 mV. Although our findings showed that the carbon paste electrode in the presence of 1 is an efficient electrode for water oxidation, it could not withstand water oxidation catalysis under bulk electrolysis and finally converted to Mn oxide nanoparticles which were active for water oxidation along with compound 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahman Bikas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, 34148-96818, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Shaghaghi
- Coordination Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, 5375171379, Iran
| | - Yahya Heshmati-Sharabiani
- Coordination Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, 5375171379, Iran
| | - Neda Heydari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
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Moghaddam NJ, Feizi H, Mohammadi MR, Bagheri R, Chernev P, Song Z, Dau H, Najafpour MM. A Chemical Evolution‐Like Method to Synthesize a Water‐Oxidizing Catalyst. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navid Jameei Moghaddam
- Department of Chemistry Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
| | - Hadi Feizi
- Department of Chemistry Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
| | | | - Robabeh Bagheri
- Surface Protection Research Group Surface Department Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences 519 Zhuangshi Road Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Petko Chernev
- Freie Universität Berlin Fachbereich Physik Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany
- Uppsala University Department of Chemistry – Ångströmlaboratoriet Lägerhyddsvägen 1 75120 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Zhenlun Song
- Surface Protection Research Group Surface Department Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences 519 Zhuangshi Road Ningbo 315201 China
| | - Holger Dau
- Freie Universität Berlin Fachbereich Physik Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
- Research Center for Basic Sciences & Modern Technologies (RBST) Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS) Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
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Yan S, Abhilash KP, Tang L, Yang M, Ma Y, Xia Q, Guo Q, Xia H. Research Advances of Amorphous Metal Oxides in Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1804371. [PMID: 30548915 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201804371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Amorphous metal oxides (AMOs) have aroused great enthusiasm across multiple energy areas over recent years due to their unique properties, such as the intrinsic isotropy, versatility in compositions, absence of grain boundaries, defect distribution, flexible nature, etc. Here, the materials engineering of AMOs is systematically reviewed in different electrochemical applications and recent advances in understanding and developing AMO-based high-performance electrodes are highlighted. Attention is focused on the important roles that AMOs play in various energy storage and conversion technologies, such as active materials in metal-ion batteries and supercapacitors as well as active catalysts in water splitting, metal-air batteries, and fuel cells. The improvements of electrochemical performance in metal-ion batteries and supercapacitors are reviewed regarding the enhancement in active sites, mechanical strength, and defect distribution of amorphous structures. Furthermore, the high electrochemical activities boosted by AMOs in various fundamental reactions are elaborated on and they are related to the electrocatalytic behaviors in water splitting, metal-air batteries, and fuel cells. The applications in electrochromism and high-conducting sensors are also briefly discussed. Finally, perspectives on the existing challenges of AMOs for electrochemical applications are proposed, together with several promising future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - K P Abhilash
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Lingyu Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Mei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Yifan Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Qiuying Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Qiubo Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Hui Xia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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Monodisperse manganese oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and chemical reactivity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 510:272-279. [PMID: 28957743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Highly monodisperse amorphous manganese oxide (MnOx) nanospheres with diameter of ca. 300nm have been obtained from ammonia aqueous solution of KMnO4 at room temperature. The amorphous MnOx nanospheres successfully converted to monodisperse K-OMS-2 (cryptomelane) and K-OMS-2/Mn2O3 nanoraspberries through calcination process at 600 and 800°C, respectively. Analyzing the structure of such amorphous MnOx has been a challenge because fewer reports are available to examine amorphous structure. Thus, shape, crystallinity, and structure of the amorphous and crystalline MnOx nanostructures were characterized in detail by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). We discussed a plausible formation mechanism of amorphous MnOx nanospheres based on the investigations. The obtained MnOx nanostructures have been demonstrated to possess oxidative degradation ability of Rhodamine B (RhB) under acidic aqueous condition without any additives such as chemical oxidizing agents and UV and/or visible light irradiation. RhB degradation rate of amorphous MnOx nanospheres was about one hundred times faster than that of K-OMS-2 nanoraspberries.
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Najafpour MM, Madadkhani S, Tomo T, Allakhverdiev SI. A nanosized Mn oxide/boron nitride composite as a catalyst for water oxidation. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00049a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A nanosized Mn oxide/boron nitride composite is reported as a catalyst for water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
| | - Sepideh Madadkhani
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
| | - Tatsuya Tomo
- Department of Biology
- Faculty of Science
- Tokyo University of Science
- Tokyo 162-8601
- Japan
| | - Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev
- Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory
- Institute of Plant Physiology
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 127276
- Russia
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7
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Najafpour MM, Madadkhani S. Nano-sized Mn oxide/agglomerated silsesquioxane composite as a good catalyst for water oxidation. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2016; 130:73-81. [PMID: 26846654 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0225-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Water splitting to hydrogen and oxygen is an important reaction to store sustainable energies, and water oxidation is identified as the bottleneck for water splitting because it requires the high activation energy to perform. Herein a nano-sized Mn oxide/agglomerated silsesquioxane composite was used to synthesize an efficient catalyst for water oxidation. The composite was synthesized by a straightforward and simple procedure and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction spectrometry, and electrochemical methods. Silsesquioxane causes good dispersion of Mn in the composite. The water-oxidizing activity of this composite was studied in the presence of cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate. The composite at the best calcination temperature (300 °C) shows a turnover frequency 0.3 (mmol O2/mol Mn.s). Regarding the low-cost, environmentally friendly precursors, simple synthesis, and efficiency for water oxidation, the composite is a promising catalyst that can be used in artificial photosynthetic systems for water splitting. We used Agglomerated silsesquioxane as a support for nano-sized Mn oxide to synthesize a good water-oxidizing catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Madadkhani
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
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8
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Najafpour MM, Salimi S, Madadkhani S, Hołyńska M, Tomo T, Allakhverdiev SI. Nanostructured manganese oxide on silica aerogel: a new catalyst toward water oxidation. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2016; 130:225-235. [PMID: 27037826 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report on the synthesis and characterization of nano-sized Mn oxide/silica aerogel with low density as a good catalyst toward water oxidation. The composite was synthesized by a simple and low-cost hydrothermal procedure. In the next step, we studied the composite in the presence of cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate and photo-produced Ru(bpy) 33+ as a water-oxidizing catalyst. The low-density composite is a good Mn-based catalyst with turnover frequencies of ~0.3 and 0.5 (mmol O2/(mol Mn·s)) in the presence of Ru(bpy) 33+ and cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate, respectively. In addition to the water-oxidizing activities of the composite under different conditions, its self-healing reaction in the presence of cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Saeideh Salimi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Sepideh Madadkhani
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Małgorzata Hołyńska
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tatsuya Tomo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory, Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, Russia, 127276.
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia, 142290.
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-12, Moscow, Russia, 119991.
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Du S, Wang L, Xue N, Wu T, Pei M, Sui W, Guo W. Cationic Polymer Grafted-Bentonite by Ce(IV)-Redox System for Adsorption of the Anionic Dye. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-016-0467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Najafpour MM, Renger G, Hołyńska M, Moghaddam AN, Aro EM, Carpentier R, Nishihara H, Eaton-Rye JJ, Shen JR, Allakhverdiev SI. Manganese Compounds as Water-Oxidizing Catalysts: From the Natural Water-Oxidizing Complex to Nanosized Manganese Oxide Structures. Chem Rev 2016; 116:2886-936. [PMID: 26812090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
All cyanobacteria, algae, and plants use a similar water-oxidizing catalyst for water oxidation. This catalyst is housed in Photosystem II, a membrane-protein complex that functions as a light-driven water oxidase in oxygenic photosynthesis. Water oxidation is also an important reaction in artificial photosynthesis because it has the potential to provide cheap electrons from water for hydrogen production or for the reduction of carbon dioxide on an industrial scale. The water-oxidizing complex of Photosystem II is a Mn-Ca cluster that oxidizes water with a low overpotential and high turnover frequency number of up to 25-90 molecules of O2 released per second. In this Review, we discuss the atomic structure of the Mn-Ca cluster of the Photosystem II water-oxidizing complex from the viewpoint that the underlying mechanism can be informative when designing artificial water-oxidizing catalysts. This is followed by consideration of functional Mn-based model complexes for water oxidation and the issue of Mn complexes decomposing to Mn oxide. We then provide a detailed assessment of the chemistry of Mn oxides by considering how their bulk and nanoscale properties contribute to their effectiveness as water-oxidizing catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gernot Renger
- Institute of Chemistry, Max-Volmer-Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Technical University Berlin , Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Małgorzata Hołyńska
- Fachbereich Chemie und Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW), Philipps-Universität Marburg , Hans-Meerwein-Straße, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Eva-Mari Aro
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku , 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Robert Carpentier
- Groupe de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (GRBV), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières , C.P. 500, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Hiroshi Nishihara
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Julian J Eaton-Rye
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago , P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Okayama University , Okayama 700-8530, Japan.,Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100093, China
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory, Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences , Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia.,Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences , Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia.,Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , Leninskie Gory 1-12, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Najafpour MM, Hosseini SM, Hołyńska M, Tomo T, Allakhverdiev SI. Manganese oxides supported on gold nanoparticles: new findings and current controversies for the role of gold. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2015; 126:477-487. [PMID: 26076756 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-015-0164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized manganese oxides supported on gold nanoparticles (diameter <100 nm) by the reaction of KMnO4 with gold nanoparticles under hydrothermal conditions. In this green method Mn oxide is deposited on the gold nanoparticles. The compounds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and atomic absorption spectroscopy. In the next step, the water-oxidizing activities of these compounds in the presence of cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate as a non-oxo transfer oxidant were studied. The results show that these compounds are good catalysts toward water oxidation with a turnover frequency of 1.0 ± 0.1 (mmol O2/(mol Mn·s)). A comparison with other previously reported Mn oxides and important factors influencing the water-oxidizing activities of Mn oxides is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 45137-66731, Zanjan, Iran.
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 45137-66731, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Maedeh Hosseini
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), 45137-66731, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Małgorzata Hołyńska
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tatsuya Tomo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory, Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-12, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Najafpour MM, Amini E. A very simple and high-yield method to synthesize nanolayered Mn oxide. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:1039-45. [PMID: 25406414 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt02468k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanolayered Mn oxides have been prepared by a very simple, low-cost and high-yield method using soap, KOH, MnCl2 and H2O2. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction spectrometry have been used to characterize the phase and the morphology of the nanolayered Mn oxide. The nanolayered Mn oxide shows good catalytic activity toward water oxidation in the presence of cerium(iv) ammonium nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
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Najafpour MM, Abasi M, Tomo T, Allakhverdiev SI. Nanolayered manganese oxide/C(60) composite: a good water-oxidizing catalyst for artificial photosynthetic systems. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:12058-64. [PMID: 24984108 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00599f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, we considered Mn oxide/C60 composites as water-oxidizing catalysts. The composites were synthesized by easy and simple procedures, and characterized by some methods. The water-oxidizing activities of these composites were also measured in the presence of cerium(iv) ammonium nitrate. We found that the nanolayered Mn oxide/C60 composites show promising activity toward water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
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Najafpour MM, Hołyńska M, Shamkhali AN, Kazemi SH, Hillier W, Amini E, Ghaemmaghami M, Jafarian Sedigh D, Nemati Moghaddam A, Mohamadi R, Zaynalpoor S, Beckmann K. The role of nano-sized manganese oxides in the oxygen-evolution reactions by manganese complexes: towards a complete picture. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:13122-35. [PMID: 25046248 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01367k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Eighteen Mn complexes with N-donor and carboxylate ligands have been synthesized and characterized. Three Mn complexes among them are new and are reported for the first time. The reactions of oxygen evolution in the presence of oxone (2KHSO5·KHSO4·K2SO4) and cerium(iv) ammonium nitrate catalyzed by these complexes are studied and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectrometry, dynamic light scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, membrane-inlet mass spectrometry and electrochemistry. Some of these complexes evolve oxygen in the presence of oxone as a primary oxidant. CO2 and MnO4(-) are other products of these reactions. Based on spectroscopic studies, the true catalysts for oxygen evolution in these reactions are different. We proposed that for the oxygen evolution reactions in the presence of oxone, the true catalysts are both high valent Mn complexes and Mn oxides, but for the reactions in the presence of cerium(iv) ammonium nitrate, the active catalyst is most probably a Mn oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
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15
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Najafpour MM, Rahimi F, Fathollahzadeh M, Haghighi B, Hołyńska M, Tomo T, Allakhverdiev SI. Nanostructured manganese oxide/carbon nanotubes, graphene and graphene oxide as water-oxidizing composites in artificial photosynthesis. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:10866-76. [PMID: 24898625 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01295j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report on nano-sized Mn oxide/carbon nanotubes, graphene and graphene oxide as water-oxidizing compounds in artificial photosynthesis. The composites are synthesized by different and simple procedures and characterized by a number of methods. The water-oxidizing activities of these composites are also considered in the presence of cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate. Some composites are efficient Mn-based catalysts with TOF (mmol O2 per mol Mn per second) ~ 2.6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran.
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16
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Takahashi K, Sato T, Yamazaki H, Yagi M. Distribution of manganese species in an oxidative dimerization reaction of a bis-terpyridine mononuclear manganese (II) complex and their heterogeneous water oxidation activities. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 152:119-26. [PMID: 25935510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous water oxidation catalyses were studied as a synthetic model of oxygen evolving complex (OEC) in photosynthesis using mica adsorbing various manganese species. Distribution of manganese species formed in the oxidative dimerization reaction of [Mn(II)(terpy)2](2+) (terpy=2,2':6',2″-terpyridine) (1') with various oxidants in water was revealed. 1' was stoichiometrically oxidized to form di-μ-oxo dinuclear manganese complex, [(OH2)(terpy)Mn(III)(μ-O)2Mn(IV)(terpy)(OH2)](3+) (1) by KMnO4 as an oxidant. When Oxone and Ce(IV) oxidants were used, the further oxidation of 1 to [(OH2)(terpy)Mn(IV)(μ-O)2Mn(IV)(terpy)(OH2)](4+) (2) was observed after the oxidative dimerization reaction of 1'. The mica adsorbates with various composition of 1', 1 and 2 were prepared by adding mica suspension to the various oxidant-treated solutions followed by filtration. The heterogeneous water oxidation catalysis by the mica adsorbates was examined using a Ce(IV) oxidant. The observed catalytic activity of the mica adsorbates corresponded to a content of 1 (1ads) adsorbed on mica for KMnO4- and Oxone-treated systems, indicating that 1' (1'ads) and 2 (2ads) adsorbed on mica do not work for the catalysis. The kinetic analysis suggested that 1ads works for the catalysis through cooperation with adjacent 1ads or 2ads, meaning that 2ads assists the cooperative catalysis by 1ads though 2ads is not able to work for the catalysis alone. For the Ce(IV)-treated system, O2 evolution was hardly observed although the sufficient amount of 1ads was contained in the mica adsorbates. This was explained by the impeded penetration of Ce(IV) ions (as an oxidant for water oxidation) into mica by Ce(3+) cations (generated in oxidative dimerization of 1') co-adsorbed with 1ads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Takahashi
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering & Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Taisei Sato
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering & Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Hirosato Yamazaki
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering & Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yagi
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering & Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan; PRESTO (Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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17
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Najafpour MM, Mostafalu R, Hołyńska M, Ebrahimi F, Kaboudin B. Nano-sized Mn3O4 and β-MnOOH from the decomposition of β-cyclodextrin-Mn: 2. The water-oxidizing activities. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 152:112-8. [PMID: 25779749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Nano-sized Mn oxides contain Mn3O4, β-MnOOH and Mn2O3 have been prepared by a previously reported method using thermal decomposition of β-cyclodextrin-Mn complexes. In the next step, the water-oxidizing activities of these Mn oxides using cerium(IV) ammonium nitrate as a chemical oxidant are studied. The turnover frequencies for β-MnO(OH) and Mn3O4 are 0.24 and 0.01-0.17 (mmol O2/mol Mns), respectively. Subsequently, water-oxidizing activities of these compounds are compared to the other previously reported Mn oxides. Important factors affecting water oxidation by these Mn oxides are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran; Center of Climate Change and Global Warming, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran.
| | - Ramin Mostafalu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Małgorzata Hołyńska
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW), Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Foad Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Babak Kaboudin
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
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18
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Najafpour MM, Hosseini SM, Hołyńska M, Tomo T, Allakhverdiev SI. Gold nanorods or nanoparticles deposited on layered manganese oxide: new findings. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01392e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Our results show that nano-sized gold has no significant effect on the water-oxidation activity of the Mn oxide phase in the presence of Ce(iv).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
| | | | - Małgorzata Hołyńska
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Tatsuya Tomo
- Department of Biology
- Faculty of Science
- Tokyo University of Science
- Tokyo 162-8601
- Japan
| | - Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev
- Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory
- Institute of Plant Physiology
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 127276
- Russia
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19
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Najafpour MM, Amini E. Nano-sized Mn oxides on halloysite or high surface area montmorillonite as efficient catalysts for water oxidation with cerium(iv) ammonium nitrate: support from natural sources. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:15441-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02336j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We used halloysite, a nano-sized natural mineral and high surface area montmorillonite as supports for nano-sized Mn oxides to synthesize efficient water-oxidising catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
| | - Emad Amini
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
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20
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Synthesis of manganese oxide supported on mesoporous titanium oxide: Influence of the block copolymer. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Najafpour MM, Isaloo MA, Ghobadi MZ, Amini E, Haghighi B. The effect of different metal ions between nanolayers of manganese oxide on water oxidation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 141:247-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Kärkäs MD, Verho O, Johnston EV, Åkermark B. Artificial Photosynthesis: Molecular Systems for Catalytic Water Oxidation. Chem Rev 2014; 114:11863-2001. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400572f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1024] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus D. Kärkäs
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oscar Verho
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric V. Johnston
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Åkermark
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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23
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Najafpour MM, Moghaddam AN, Dau H, Zaharieva I. Fragments of Layered Manganese Oxide Are the Real Water Oxidation Catalyst after Transformation of Molecular Precursor on Clay. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:7245-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5028716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Najafpour
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Climate Change and Global Warming, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731 Iran
| | - Atefeh N. Moghaddam
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Climate Change and Global Warming, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731 Iran
| | - Holger Dau
- Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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24
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Najafpour MM, Abasi M, Tomo T, Allakhverdiev SI. Mn oxide/nanodiamond composite: a new water-oxidizing catalyst for water oxidation. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra06181k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we reported nanosized Mn oxide/nanodiamond composites as water-oxidizing compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan, Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
| | - Mahnaz Abasi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan, Iran
| | - Tatsuya Tomo
- Department of Biology
- Faculty of Science
- Tokyo University of Science
- Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- PRESTO
| | - Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev
- Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory
- Institute of Plant Physiology
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 127276, Russia
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems
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25
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Najafpour MM, Abbasi Isaloo M, Abasi M, Hołyńska M. Manganese oxide as a water-oxidizing catalyst: from the bulk to Ångström-scale. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj01393f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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26
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Najafpour MM, Abasi M, Hołyńska M. Nanolayered manganese oxides as water-oxidizing catalysts: the effects of Cu(ii) and Ni(ii) ions. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05617e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We synthesized nanolayered manganese oxides in the presence of copper(ii) or nickel(ii) ions, and considered the water oxidizing activities of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan, Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
| | - Mahnaz Abasi
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan, Iran
| | - Małgorzata Hołyńska
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- Marburg, Germany
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Najafpour MM, Kompany-Zareh M, Zahraei A, Jafarian Sedigh D, Jaccard H, Khoshkam M, Britt RD, Casey WH. Mechanism, decomposition pathway and new evidence for self-healing of manganese oxides as efficient water oxidizing catalysts: new insights. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:14603-11. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51406d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Najafpour MM, Leonard KC, Fan FRF, Tabrizi MA, Bard AJ, King'ondu CK, Suib SL, Haghighi B, Allakhverdiev SI. Nano-size layered manganese–calcium oxide as an efficient and biomimetic catalyst for water oxidation under acidic conditions: comparable to platinum. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:5085-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32864c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Najafpour MM, Nemati Moghaddam A, Sakha Y. A simple mathematical model for manganese oxide-coated montmorillonite as a catalyst for water oxidation: from nano to macro sized manganese oxide. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:11012-20. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50972a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Najafpour MM, Sedigh DJ, Pashaei B, Nayeri S. Water oxidation by nano-layered manganese oxides in the presence of cerium(iv) ammonium nitrate: important factors and a proposed self-repair mechanism. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj00372h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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31
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Najafpour MM, Sedigh DJ. Water oxidation by manganese oxides, a new step towards a complete picture: simplicity is the ultimate sophistication. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:12173-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51345a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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