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Wang J, Marks JH, Fortenberry RC, Kaiser RI. Interstellar formation of glyceric acid [HOCH 2CH(OH)COOH]-The simplest sugar acid. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl3236. [PMID: 38478624 PMCID: PMC10936953 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl3236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Glyceric acid [HOCH2CH(OH)COOH]-the simplest sugar acid-represents a key molecule in biochemical processes vital for metabolism in living organisms such as glycolysis. Although critically linked to the origins of life and identified in carbonaceous meteorites with abundances comparable to amino acids, the underlying mechanisms of its formation have remained elusive. Here, we report the very first abiotic synthesis of racemic glyceric acid via the barrierless radical-radical reaction of the hydroxycarbonyl radical (HOĊO) with 1,2-dihydroxyethyl (HOĊHCH2OH) radical in low-temperature carbon dioxide (CO2) and ethylene glycol (HOCH2CH2OH) ices. Using isomer-selective vacuum ultraviolet photoionization reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry, glyceric acid was identified in the gas phase based on the adiabatic ionization energies and isotopic substitution studies. This work reveals the key reaction pathways for glyceric acid synthesis through nonequilibrium reactions from ubiquitous precursor molecules, advancing our fundamental knowledge of the formation pathways of key biorelevant organics-sugar acids-in deep space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- W. M. Keck Research Laboratory in Astrochemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Joshua H. Marks
- W. M. Keck Research Laboratory in Astrochemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Ryan C. Fortenberry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Ralf I. Kaiser
- W. M. Keck Research Laboratory in Astrochemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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Shao X, Wu Z, Wang L, Rauhut G, Zeng X. Identification and Photochemistry of the Mercaptomethyl Radical. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10450-10456. [PMID: 37962268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The mercaptomethyl radical (·CH2SH) is a higher-energy isomer of the methylthio radical (CH3S·) that has been proposed as an important intermediate in atmospheric and interstellar sulfur chemistry. Herein, we report the spectroscopic identification of ·CH2SH during the UV (365 nm) photolysis of CH3S· in a solid Ar-matrix at 10 K. Upon subsequent irradiation at 266 nm, the dehydrogenation of ·CH2SH to yield CS via the intermediacy of the elusive thioformyl radical (HCS·) has also been observed. The characterization of ·CH2SH and HCS· with matrix-isolation IR and UV-vis spectroscopy is supported by 13C-isotope labeling and quantum chemical calculations at the CCSD(T)-F12a/cc-pVTZ-F12 level using configuration-selective vibrational configuration interaction theory (VCI). The disclosed photochemistry of ·CH2SH provides new insight into understanding the chemical evolution of organosulfur molecules in the interstellar medium (ISM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shao
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhuang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Guntram Rauhut
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Xiaoqing Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Cooper AM, Kästner J. Low-Temperature Kinetic Isotope Effects in CH3OH + H → CH2OH + H2 Shed Light on the Deuteration of Methanol in Space. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:9061-9068. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- April M. Cooper
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Kästner
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Motiyenko RA, Margulès L, Despois D, Guillemin JC. Laboratory spectroscopy of methoxymethanol in the millimeter-wave range. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:5509-5516. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp05932a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Methoxymethanol, CH3OCH2OH is a very interesting candidate for detection in the interstellar medium since it can be formed in the recombination reaction between two radicals considered as intermediates in methanol formation: CH3O (already detected in the ISM) and CH2OH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman A. Motiyenko
- Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers
- Atomes et Molécules
- UMR CNRS 8523 – Université de Lille 1 Sciences et Technologies
- Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex
- France
| | - Laurent Margulès
- Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers
- Atomes et Molécules
- UMR CNRS 8523 – Université de Lille 1 Sciences et Technologies
- Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex
- France
| | - Didier Despois
- Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux
- Université de Bordeaux
- CNRS
- Pessac
- France
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Wang T, Nha Tran TT, Andreazza HJ, Bilusich D, Brinkworth CS, Bowie JH. Negative ion cleavages of (M-H) - anions of peptides. Part 3. Post-translational modifications. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:3-21. [PMID: 27018865 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It is now 25 years since we commenced the study of the negative-ion fragmentations of peptides and we have recently concluded this research with investigations of the negative-ion chemistry of most post-translational functional groups. Our first negative-ion peptide review (Bowie, Brinkworth, & Dua, 2002) dealt with the characteristic backbone fragmentations and side-chain cleavages from (M-H)- ions of underivatized peptides, while the second (Bilusich & Bowie, 2009) included negative-ion backbone cleavages for Ser and Cys and some initial data on some post-translational groups including disulfides. This third and final review provides a brief summary of the major backbone and side chain cleavages outlined before (Bowie, Brinkworth, & Dua, 2002) and describes the quantum mechanical hydrogen tunneling associated with some proton transfers in enolate anion/enolate systems. The review then describes, in more depth, the negative-ion cleavages of the post-translational groups Kyn, isoAsp, pyroglu, disulfides, phosphates, and sulfates. Particular emphasis is devoted to disulfides (both intra- and intermolecular) and phosphates because of the extensive and spectacular anion chemistry shown by these groups. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
- Genecology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, 4556, Australia
| | - T T Nha Tran
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
- Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hayley J Andreazza
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Daniel Bilusich
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
- Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Salisbury, PO Box 1500, South Australia, 5108, Australia
| | - Craig S Brinkworth
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
- Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Land Division, Fishermans Bend, Victoria, 3207, Australia
| | - John H Bowie
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
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Cao J, Wang ZX, Gao LJ, Fu F. Atmospheric nucleation precursors catalyzed isomerization of CH2SH to CH3S: mechanisms and topological analysis. Struct Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-014-0489-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Stinson CA, Xia Y. Reactions of hydroxyalkyl radicals with cysteinyl peptides in a nanoESI plume. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:1192-1201. [PMID: 24793576 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-0898-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In biological systems, carbon-centered small molecule radicals are primarily formed via external radiation or internal radical reactions. These radical species can react with a variety of biomolecules, most notably nucleic acids, the consequence of which has possible links to gene mutation and cancer. Sulfur-containing peptides and proteins are reactive toward a variety of radical species and many of them behave as radical scavengers. In this study, the reactions between alkyl alcohol carbon-centered radicals (e.g., •CH2OH for methanol) and cysteinyl peptides within a nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoESI) plume were explored. The reaction system involved ultraviolet (UV) irradiation of a nanoESI plume using a low pressure mercury lamp consisting of 185 and 254 nm emission bands. The alkyl alcohol was added as solvent into the nanoESI solution and served as the precursor of hydroxyalkyl radicals upon UV irradiation. The hydroxyalkyl radicals subsequently reacted with cysteinyl peptides either containing a disulfide linkage or free thiol, which led to the formation of peptide-S-hydroxyalkyl product. This radical reaction coupled with subsequent MS/MS was shown to have analytical potential by cleaving intrachain disulfide linked peptides prior to CID to enhance sequence information. Tandem mass spectrometry via collision-induced dissociation (CID), stable isotope labeling, and accurate mass measurement were employed to verify the identities of the reaction products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A Stinson
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2084, USA
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Zins EL, Krim L. Hydrogenation processes from hydrogen peroxide: an investigation in Ne matrix for astrochemical purposes. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01920b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogenation processes of hydrogen peroxide leading to the formation of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie-Laure Zins
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- Paris, France
- CNRS
- Paris, France
| | - Lahouari Krim
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- Paris, France
- CNRS
- Paris, France
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